THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATED LEARNING MODULE TO INCREASE STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT ON THE TEACHING OF REDOX
REACTION FOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
By:
Fitri Maulida Saragi Reg Number 409332018 Bilingual Chemistry Education
THESIS
Submitted to fulfillment of the requierement for Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan
CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
MATHEMATIC AND NATURAL SCIENCE FACULTY STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First I thank God for giving me strength during my study. I would like to
express my sincere appreciation and gratitude to my supervisor Professor Drs.
Manihar Situmorang M.Sc.Ph.D for his professional expertise, invaluable guidance,
persistant, encouragement, patience, incisive comments, enthusiasm and generous
contribution of his valuable time in supervising this thesis as well as conducting of
this research. I would also like to thank my examiner Prof. Ramlan Silaban M.Si, Dr.
Simson Tarigan and Dr. Marham Sitorus for their patience, guidance, assistance and
comments in the development of my thesis. Appreciation is also directed to my
academic supervisor Dr. Iis Siti Jahro M.Si. Gratitude and sincere appreciation are
extended to all of the lecturer and staffs in Chemistry department of State University
of Medan (UNIMED).
Gratitude and sincere appreciation are also extended to principal and
chemistry teachers of MAN 1 Medan, SMA S Al Azhar, SMA S Al-Ulum for
granting me the permission to conduct my research in the schools and also for
students that helping in the pilot study as well as the actual study. Their cooperation,
endurance and involvement in data collection are very much appreciated. I am
grateful to my lecturers Dra. Ani Sutiani M.Si and Dr. Retno Dwi Suyanti M.Si for
assessing the innovated learning module and contextualization of the items in the
instrument and the content validation.
My sincere thanks are also extended to my beloved father Mr. Malun Saragi
and my beloved mother Mrs. Halidah Siregar for their love, support and
encouragement during my study. I am also grateful to my younger sister Zulviana
Oktari Saragi and Halimatu Sakdiah Saragi and also for my younger brother Zulham
Affandi Saragi and my cousin, Ayu that support and pray me to finish this study.
Above all, I express sincere gratitude to my friends in Bilingual chemistry
Siti Rahmah and Yeni who faithfully gave me encouraging support throughout the
duration of my writing.
The writer realized that it still have a weakness in arrangement this thesis. But
the writer has given maximum effort to finish this thesis. Therefore, the writer
receives criticism and suggestion to make this thesis be better. Hopefully, this thesis
can be useful for the education development.
Medan, June 2013
Writer,
iii
THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATED LEARNING MODULE INCREASE STUDENTS ACHIEVEMENT ON THE TEACHING OF REDOX
REACTION FOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS STUDENTS
Fitri Maulida Saragi (NIM 409332018) ABSTRACT
A set of standard learning material can be used to improve the quality of education. The aim of this study was to develop a set of good quality teaching module through innovation into Senior High School Students (SHS) Chemistry materials. The research carried out in three school in Medan ( MAN 1 Medan, SMA S Al-Azhar and SMA S Al –Ulum) academic year 2012/2013. The developed chemistry module by the combination of printed material and electronic media was able to help students to meet their competency as required by national curriculum . The innovated chemistry module by the combination of printed material and electronic media motivated students to study. The result showed that Average of student’s achievement in experiment class (HG) is (M=81 ± 6.7) low group (LG) in experiment class (M=73.83± 8.36) while in control class for high group (66.5 ± 9.47) and low group (66.5 ± 9.47). It means that the student’s achievement in experimental class either high group (HG) or low group (LG) is higher than (HG) or low group (LG) in control class and there was positive correlation between students’ motivation (r2
LIST OF FIGURE
[image:6.595.87.517.117.626.2]Page
Figure 2.1 Edgar Cole “Cone Experience 7
Figure 3.1 The procedure in standardization of learning 27 of chemistry topic for Senior High School
Figure 3.2 Teaching Treatment of development of innovated 30 Learning module to increase students’ achievement
On the teaching of redox reaction
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LIST OF APPENDIX
Page
Appendix 1 Lesson Plan 60 Appendix 2 Table of instrument lattice before validation 83
Appendix 3 Instrument test after validation 91
Appendix 4 Key answer for instrument test 95
Appendix 5 Result of questionnaire by lecturer trial 96 the innovated learning module on the teaching of
redox reaction
Appendix 6 Result of questionnaire by students trial 97 the innovated learning module on the teaching of
redox reaction
Appendix 7 Result of questionnaire by chemistry teacher trial 98 the innovated learning module on the teaching of
redox reaction
Appendix 8 Calculation of validity test 99
Appendix 9 Validity test of instrument 100
Appendix 10 Calculation of index distinguish 101
Appendix 11 Index distinguish of instrument test 103
Appendix 12 Calculation of reliability test 104
Appendix 13 Reliability test of instruments 106
Appendix 14 Calculation of difficulty level 107
Appendix 15 Index difficulty level of instruments 109
Appendix 16 Calculation of normality test 110
Appendix 17 Calculation of homogeneity test 113
Appendix 18 Table of class grouping based on high group 114 and low group in each school
Appendix 19 The Percentage of students’ achievement that 121 Used innovated learning module
Appendix 20 Questionnaire of students’ achievement 123 Appendix 21 Lattice of students’ motivation questionnaire 125
Appendix 22 Result of questionnaire motivation 126
Appendix 23 The percentage effectiveness of innovated learning 127 module
Appendix 24 Hypothesis 128
Appendix 25 Macromedia flash 135
Appendix 26 Documentation 138
Appendix 27 Innovated Learning Module of redox Reaction 148
Appendix 28 Table distribution F value 149
Appendix 29 Table of Chi Square 153
[image:7.595.77.529.116.730.2] [image:7.595.91.532.119.743.2]CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1.Background
Development of teaching materials or modules becomes an urgent need as a
consequence of the implementation of the education level curriculum unit
(Mulyasa, 2009). The Approach of competencies requires the use of module in the
implementation of learning. The main driving force behind the introduction of
modules in teaching learning process lies in the fact that they have roles that can
help to solve key educational problems, as we know that each pupil as an
individual with his own special aptitude and interest, goal of helping each student
to think for himself and allowing the individuality to each learner. Learning
module can promote the effective learning because it is extremely flexible in
implementation. The development of innovative learning modules are needed in
improving student’s motivation and learning outcomes, especially to make
learning more interesting and make the students can be independent in learning.
Teachers often have less stock to enhance learning in the classroom, making
learning seem boring. Teaching materials that have been used less attract students
to learn. Educational experience that is often encountered in school, many
students consider difficult to learn chemistry. This may be caused by a lack of
interesting teaching materials, make the students become boring and difficult to
understand so that students did not master the chemistry concepts. In addition to
presenting the material chemistry, a teacher should also be able to develop
learning materials in order to provide an optimum learning outcomes because the teacher know about the student’s need. It's long been known that the module is one of the most effective teaching materials used in the learning process. To
improve student learning outcomes will require the development of innovative
learning modules that can be used to improve students' ability to learn easily and
2
Innovation in education is often associated with the renewal that comes
from the creative thinking, containing findings and modification ideas and
methods used to overcome a problem of education, while the module is the
smallest unit of learning programs that can be learned by the students as
individuals (self instructional), after participants completed one unit in the
module, then the participant can move forward and study the next module unit
(Prastowo, 2011). The module is compiled teaching materials that include
systematic and interesting content, methods and evaluation. In order for the
development of innovative learning modules successfully as expected then a few
things to consider: analysis of needs, development of module design,
implementation, assessment, evaluation, validation and quality modules
assurance.
Actually, in delivery material, teacher often use the conventional method
in teaching. Redox reaction is one of the materials in grade X that include
development of oxidation reduction concept, oxidation number of elements in
compounds or ions, oxidizing and reducing agents, autoredox reaction,
nomenclature redox compounds and applications in solving environmental
problems. Often educators simply convey concepts that are memorized by using
textbooks with the language that is hard to understand. This condition makes the
students lazy to read a book or repeat lessons at home so the impact on student
learning outcomes are low. To overcome this, the best strategy is needed to
improve student learning outcomes. One way is to use the innovated learning
module. According to (Hand, L., Knowles, V., Pybus, L., Scivier, J. & Simpson,
S. 2000) modules designed to develop students’ skills and attributes as
independent learners and critical thinkers.
Various studies have been conducted regarding the effectiveness of the use
of the module as a teaching material. The results of previous studies states that
learning module or modular teaching is more effective as teaching learning
process as compared to traditional teaching method (Ali, R.et all 2010). Because
in modular teaching the students are provided the opportunities of learning at their
conducted by Dameita Sumbayak in her research entitled The Development of
Chemistry Learning Module To Increase Student's Achievement On The Teaching
and Learning of Oxidation and Reduction Reaction also prove that the use of
learning modules to improve student learning outcomes.
However, as noted above is necessary to develop innovative learning
modules. Development of innovative learning modules in this research is to
innovated learning modules by combining printed materials and electronic media
to help students understand the concepts or chemical competence. Development
of innovative learning modules will produce an interesting way of learning to
make students easy to learn and can guide students to achieve the competencies
expected. With the use of innovative learning modules students can learn to be
more independent and not rely entirely on the presence of the teacher (teacher
centered), because of the learning modules are self instructional.
Based on this background the researcher is interested in conducting
research entitled: The Development of Innovated Learning Module to increase
student’s achievement on the Teaching of Redox Reaction For Senior High
School Students.
1.2. Problem Identification
Based on this background, it can be identified the following issues.
1. Teaching and learning materials is important to increase students’ achievement and student’s motivation on learning chemistry.
2. The learning materials on the teaching of chemistry has to be innovated in
an interesting way to make students easy to study and to guide them to
achieve their competence
3. Learning materials by the combination of printed and electronic media is needed to improve students’ achievement on the teaching of redox reaction 4. It need to study the reason why the students find difficulties on learning
4
1.3. Scope of Study
The problems above are too broad in scope, it is necessary to issue
restrictions. The problems are focus of this research is to develop innovative
learning modules by the combination of printed materials and electronic media to
increase student achievement on the teaching of redox reaction.
1.4.Problem formulation
1. How to developed innovated chemistry learning module by integrating of
chemistry material, media and method as a package material to increase students’ achievement?
2. How to standardized innovated chemistry module to obtain good and
standard chemistry module?
3. How is the effectiveness of chemistry learning module to improve students’ achievement ?
4. Which is the best strategy between chemistry module with conventional
method ?
1.5.Research Objectives
The purpose of this research include:
1. To developed innovated chemistry learning module by integrating of
chemistry material, media and method as a package material to increase students’ achievement
2. To standardized innovated chemistry module to obtain good and
standard chemistry module
3. To investigate whether chemistry learning module is effective to improve students’ achievement
1.6. Research benefits
The expected benefits of this research in general is:
1. Getting innovated learning modules by the combination of printed
materials and electronic media that can be used to increase student’s
achievement that accordance with KTSP
2. As an input to the chemistry teacher how to make innovated learning module on teaching redox reaction to increase student’s achievement 3. Contribute to the teachers to use it as a learning media can enhance
students' understanding
4. As a reference for subsequent research.
1.7. Operational definition 1. Development
According to Big Indonesian Dictionary (2002), development is defined as
a process, method, act develops, becomes more actions, actions create more
advanced. The meaning of development in this study is the research and
development of learning modules using experimental methods and macromedia
flash.
2. Innovation
An innovation is anything new in the knowledge, ideas, or activities by the
individual or group that different to the existing one.
3. Module
There is some sense modules delivered by the expert. But in this study
module is a book or instructional materials written in order for students to learn
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CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 1.1.Conclusion
Based on the result of the research we can conclude that :
1. Innovated chemistry learning module could be integrated with chemistry material , media and method as a package material to increase students’achievement. 2. Innovated chemistry modul has a good response from the lecturer and chemistry
teacher as a good and standard chemistry module
3. The innovated learning module by the combination of printed material and
electronic media is effective to improve student’s achievement. It can be seen from the student’s achievement in experiment class is higher than in control class where The result showed that Average of student’s achievement in experiment Average of student’s achievement in experiment class (HG) is (81 ± 6.7) while in control class (66.5 ± 9.47). There is a significance
difference between experiment class and control class ( tcount 6 > ttable 1.319). And also for low group (LG) in experiment class (73.83± 8.36),
while in control class (65 ± 9.7).it means there is a significant difference
between experiment class and control class for low group ( tcount 2.572 >
ttable1.319).
4. The developed chemistry module is better than conventional method to increase students’ achievement and students’ motivation (r2= 0.771).
5.2.Suggestion
The suggestion from this research are :
1. Hopefully the teachers can use the innovated learning material by the
combination of printed material and electronic media on learning redox reaction because it had proved that is effective to increase students’ achievement.
2. It need to be considered that innovated learning material by the
combination of printed material and electronic media can be used for other
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