PENGARUH
PENGARUH
RANGSANG
RANGSANG
EXERCISE TERHADAP
EXERCISE TERHADAP
HOMEOSTASIS
HOMEOSTASIS
Nani Cahyani Sudarsono
REVIEWER: DEWI IRAWATI & MINARMA SIAGIAN
REVIEWER: DEWI IRAWATI & MINARMA SIAGIAN
DEPARTEMEN I FAAL FKUI
DEPARTEMEN I FAAL FKUI
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005
exercise
exercise
exercise
metabolisme otot
gerakan otot
SISTEM DALAM TUBUH YANG TERLIBAT DALAM HOMEOSTASIS
SISTEM DALAM TUBUH YANG TERLIBAT DALAM HOMEOSTASIS D U Silverthorn, Human Physiology An Integrated Approach
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005
Control Pathways
Control Pathways
Figure 6-21: Comparison of local and reflex control
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Reflex Control
Reflex Control
z
Stimulus
z
Sensory receptor
z
Afferent path
z
Integration center
z
Efferent path
z
Effector- target
cell/tissue
z
Response (feedback
loop)
exercise
exercise
exercise
exercise
METABOLISME
METABOLISME
OTOT
OTOT
A T P
PANAS
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005exercise
exercise
A T P
Sistem Kardiorespirasi
Otot
METABOLISME
METABOLISME
OTOT
OTOT
Gambar: D U Silverthorn, Human Physiology An Integrated Approach
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005
exercise
exercise
A T P
METABOLISME
METABOLISME
OTOT
OTOT
Bagaimana
pengaturannya?
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005HOMEOSTASIS ENERGI
HOMEOSTASIS ENERGI
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005exercise
exercise
↑
ambilan &
penggunaan glukosa
di OTOT
PERUBAHAN NEURO
PERUBAHAN NEURO
-
-
HORMONAL
HORMONAL
↓
insulin
↑
glukagon
↑
simpatis
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005exercise
exercise
↑
ambilan &
penggunaan glukosa
di OTOT
PERUBAHAN NEURO
PERUBAHAN NEURO
-
-
HORMONAL
HORMONAL
↓
insulin
↑
glukagon
↑
simpatis
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005PENGATURAN PERNAPASAN
PENGATURAN PERNAPASAN
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005frekuensi & kedalaman napas
Mempertahankan
PO
2
& PCO
2
yang
adekuat
Gambar: http://www.biology.eku.edu/RITCHISO/301notes6.htm
pengaturan
pengaturan
pernapasan
pernapasan
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005
pengaturan
pengaturan
pernapasan
pernapasan
PERUBAHAN VENTILASI
hubungannya dengan P
O2
, P
CO2
& pH
Gambar: Marieb – A.D.A.M.S Interactive Physiology: Respiratory System
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005 GAMBAR: http://web.ukonline.co.uk/webwise/spinneret/humans/inhexh.htm
exercise
exercise
-
-
peningkatan
peningkatan
frekuensi
frekuensi
&
& kedalaman
kedalaman
pernapasan
pernapasan
GERAKAN
OTOT
PUSAT PERNAPASAN
PENINGKATAN KERJA
OTOT PERNAPASAN
NAPAS LEBIH CEPAT,
LEBIH DALAM
O
2↑
CO
2↓
METABOLISME
OTOT
↑
O
2↓
CO
2↑
umpan
umpan
balik
balik
SARAF
SARAF
DARAH
DARAH
DARAH
DARAH
INFORMASI DISAMPAIKAN MELALUI
“NIAT”
EXERCISE
SARAF
SARAF
HORMON
HORMON
SARAF
SARAF
um
pa
n
um
pa
n
ke
ke
de
pa
n
de
pa
n
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005PENGATURAN KERJA SISTEM
PENGATURAN KERJA SISTEM
KARDIOVASKULER
KARDIOVASKULER
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005exercise
exercise
TEKANAN DARAH
Mempertahankan
perfusi jaringan
yang adekuat
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005Modulation of Contraction
Modulation of Contraction
Figure 25-7: Distribution of cardiac output at rest and during exercise
Cardiovascular Response to Exercise
Cardiovascular Response to Exercise
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 25-7: Distribution of cardiac output at rest and during exercise
Cardiovascular Response to Exercise
Cardiovascular Response to Exercise
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Apa
Apa
dampak
dampak
peningkatan
peningkatan
aliran
aliran
darah
darah
ke
ke
otot
otot
?
?
click here
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005exercise
exercise
METABOLISME
METABOLISME
OTOT
OTOT
A T P
PANAS
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005exercise
exercise
METABOLISME
METABOLISME
OTOT
OTOT
BAGAIMANA
pengaturannya?
PANAS
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005HOMEOSTASIS SUHU TUBUH
HOMEOSTASIS SUHU TUBUH
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005
Rhoades & Pflanzer, Human Physiology
exercise
exercise
METABOLISME
METABOLISME
OTOT
OTOT
PANAS
Gambar: Marieb E, Human Anatomy & Physiology
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005
exercise
exercise
HAUS
HAUS
berkeringat
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005exercise
exercise
HAUS
HAUS
BAGAIMANA
mekanismenya?
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005PENGATURAN IMBANGAN
PENGATURAN IMBANGAN
CAIRAN & ELEKTROLIT
CAIRAN & ELEKTROLIT
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005
Response to
dehydration
↑ ADH release
from Posterior
Pituitary
↓
Extra-cellular
fluid
volume
↑
Plasma
Osmolality
Normal
Fluid
Volume
Osmoreseptor
↑ Plasma ADH
↑ Collecting
Duct Water
Permeability
↑ Water
Reabsorption
↓ Water
Excretion
Cardiovascular
Stretch
Receptors
Dehydration
↑ Water intake
Thirst
Co u rte sy o f Dew i I raw a ti – De p o f P h y s io lo gy FM UIPENGATURAN IMBANGAN
PENGATURAN IMBANGAN
ASAM
ASAM
-
-
BASA
BASA
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005
imbangan
imbangan
asam
asam
basa
basa
pH tubuh optimal: 7.4 (6.9 - 7.7)
produksi H
+
↑
pada
exercise
(pH↓)
sistem
sistem
buffer
buffer
respons
respons
ginjal
ginjal
respons pernapasan
ventilasi ↑
ekskresi
ekskresi
H
H
+
+
cairan
cairan
ekstrasel
ekstrasel:
:
plasma &
plasma & sel
sel
darah
darah
merah
merah
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005
END NOTE
END NOTE
Pada seorang yang melakukan
exercise,
dapatkan Saudara menjelaskan
mekanisme kerja berbagai sistem yang
terlibat dalam homeostasis tubuh?
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005
END NOTE
END NOTE
Pada seorang yang melakukan
exercise,
dapatkan Saudara menjelaskan
mekanisme kerja berbagai sistem yang
terlibat dalam
homeostasis
homeostasis
tubuh?
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005 nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005
exercise
exercise
sebagai
sebagai
rangsang
rangsang
:
:
dampak
dampak
terhadap
terhadap
homeostasis?
homeostasis?
z
Homeostasis energi
z
Homeostasis cairan
z
Homeostasis suhu tubuh
z
Homeostasis asam-basa
z
Homeostasis elektrolit
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005exercise
exercise
:
:
sistem
sistem
-
-
organ yang
organ yang
terlibat
terlibat
?
?
z
Homeostasis energi
z
Homeostasis cairan
z
Homeostasis suhu tubuh
z
Homeostasis asam-basa
z
Homeostasis elektrolit
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005
exercise
exercise
:
:
sistem
sistem
kontrol
kontrol
yang
yang
berperan
berperan
?
?
z
Homeostasis energi
z
Homeostasis cairan
z
Homeostasis suhu tubuh
z
Homeostasis asam-basa
z
Homeostasis elektrolit
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005sistem
sistem
kontrol
kontrol
z
Cepat? Lambat?
z
Saraf? Endokrin?
z
Komunikasi antar sel?
z
Mekanisme?
{
Feedback (umpan balik)
{
Feedforward (umpan ke depan)
manfaat
manfaat
melakukan
melakukan
exercise
exercise
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005 nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005manfaat
manfaat
melakukan
melakukan
exercise
exercise
Hippocrates (460-370 SM)
if we could give every individual the
right amount of nourishment and
exercise, not too little and not too
much, we would have found the
safest way to health
Move for health
Raga aktif untuk sehat
manfaat
manfaat
melakukan
melakukan
exercise
exercise
nani c a hy ani s udar s o no – dep. i f a a l FK U I 2 005