Optimasi Proses Pembuatan Hard-Magnetic Material Berbasis BaFe12O19 dengan Aditif FeMn

LAMPIRAN 1

FOTO PERALATAN DAN BAHAN PENELITIAN

1.

Peralatan Penelitian

High Energy Miling (HEM)

Jar Mill (untuk HEM)

Jangka Sorong Digital

Dryer

Plastik Sampel

Jar Mill (untuk PBM)

Pyrex

Ball Mill (untuk PBM)

Sample Holder

Ayakan (200 mesh)

Ga ussmeter

Magnetic Field Press

Vibrating Sample Magnetometer

(VSM) tipe VSM250

Electromagnetic

Optical Microscope

Fiber Glass Vacuum Desicator

Penjepit Sampel

Planetary Ball Mill (PBM)

Power Glue

Thermolyne Furnace High Temperature

Spatula stainlessteel

X-ray Diffractometer

Rigaku

Piknometer

Martil

Peralatan Archimedes

Timbangan Analog

Bata Tahan Panas

Mortar dan pestle

Neraca analitik digital

Molding

2.

Bahan Penelitian

Bongkahan FeMn

Serbuk Barium Heksaferit

Toluen

LAMPIRAN 2

DATA-DATA HASIL PENGUKURAN DENSITAS

1. True density

Mengukur true density dengan menggunakan rumus:

Keterangan :

ρs = True density sampel (g/cm3) m1 = Massa picnometer kosong (g)

m2 = Massa picnometer diisi media cair (g) m3 = Massa picnometer diisi serbuk sampel (g)

m4 = Massa picnometer diisi serbuk sampel dan media cair (g)

ρmedia cair= Densitas media cair (g/cm3)

1.1 True density eksperimen

1. True density barium heksaferit PBM 24 jam

Perc. m1 m2 m3 m4 m3-m1 m2-m1 m4-m3

ρ

aquades

ρ

ρ barium heksaferit rata-rata 4.985

2. True density FeMn HEM 1 jam media toluen

Perc. m1 m2 m3 m4 m3-m1 m2-m1 m4-m3

ρ

toluen

ρ

sampel (g) (g) (g) (g) (g) (g) (g) (g/cm3) (g/cm3) 1 14.09 22.39 14.59 22.83 0.5 8.3 8.24 0.86 7.167 2 14.09 22.39 14.59 22.84 0.5 8.3 8.24 0.86 7.167 3 14.09 22.39 14.59 22.83 0.5 8.3 8.24 0.86 7.167

ρ FeMn rata-rata 7.167

3. True density variasi komposisi aditif FeMn (%wt)

Komp. Perc. m1 m2 m3 m4 m3-m1 m2-m1 m4-m3

ρ

toluen

ρ

sampel (%wt) (g) (g) (g) (g) (g) (g) (g) (g/cm3) (g/cm3)

3

1 14.09 22.43 14.59 22.84 0.49 8.34 8.26 0.86 5.2675 2 14.09 22.43 14.59 22.84 0.49 8.34 8.26 0.86 5.2675 3 14.09 22.43 14.59 22.84 0.49 8.34 8.26 0.86 5.2675

ρ FeMn (3% wt.) rata-rata 5.2675

7

1 14.08 22.43 14.58 22.85 0.5 8.35 8.27 0.86 5.375 2 14.08 22.43 14.58 22.85 0.5 8.35 8.27 0.86 5.375 3 14.08 22.43 14.58 22.85 0.5 8.35 8.27 0.86 5.375

ρ FeMn (7% wt.) rata-rata 5.375

1.2 True density teori

1. True density Barium Heksaferit = 5.28 g/cm3 2. True density FeMn = 7.3 g/cm3

3. True density campuran dihitung dengan persamaan:

ρC = (X wt.%) ρX + (Y wt.%) ρY

Keterangan:

ρC : Densitas campuran (g/cm3)

ρX, ρy : Densitas sampel secara teori (g/cm3)

Komposisi ρ teori (g/cm3) (%wt)

0 5.28 3 5.3406 7 5.4214

2. Bulk density

Mengukur bulk density dengan menggunakan rumus:

Keterangan:

�s = densitas sampel (g/m3),

mk = massa kering sampel (g),

mb = massa basah sampel (g), dan

�air = massa jenis air (g/m3).

% wt FeMn

T Sintering

(oC)

Perc.

Massa Kering (Mk)

Massa Basah (Mb)

Mk-Mb ρ

aquades

Bulk Density

Rata-rata Bulk Density

3

1100 1 1.799 1.41 0.389 0.997 4.610805 4.594145 2 1.786 1.397 0.389 0.997 4.577486

1150 1 1.849 1.435 0.414 0.997 4.452785 4.448562 2 1.792 1.39 0.402 0.997 4.444338

1200 1 1.793 1.422 0.371 0.997 4.818385 4.808821 2 1.757 1.392 0.365 0.997 4.799258

1250 1 1.771 1.361 0.41 0.997 4.306554 4.309552 2 1.847 1.42 0.427 0.997 4.31255

1150 1 1.934 1.49 0.444 0.997 4.342788 4.220904 2 1.883 1.425 0.458 0.997 4.09902

1200 1 1.853 1.448 0.405 0.997 4.561583 4.578755 2 1.89 1.48 0.41 0.997 4.595927

1250 1 1.901 1.463 0.438 0.997 4.327162 4.253664 2 1.849 1.408 0.441 0.997 4.180166

LAMPIRAN 3

DATA PENGUKURAN DIAMETER PARTIKEL SERBUK

MENGGUNAKAN

SOFTWARE ImageJ

1) Serbuk BaFe12O19

0.014 255 255 255 0.133512 0.014 255 255 255 0.133512 0.014 255 255 255 0.133512 0.015 255 255 255 0.138198 0.015 255 255 255 0.138198 0.015 255 255 255 0.138198 0.015 255 255 255 0.138198 0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.017 255 255 255 0.147123 0.017 255 255 255 0.147123 0.017 255 255 255 0.147123 0.017 255 255 255 0.147123 0.017 255 255 255 0.147123 0.017 255 255 255 0.147123 0.018 255 255 255 0.151388 0.019 255 255 255 0.155536 0.019 255 255 255 0.155536 0.019 255 255 255 0.155536 0.02 255 255 255 0.159577 0.02 255 255 255 0.159577 0.02 255 255 255 0.159577 0.02 255 255 255 0.159577 0.021 255 255 255 0.163518 0.021 255 255 255 0.163518 0.024 255 255 255 0.174808 0.028 255 255 255 0.188814 0.029 255 255 255 0.192156 Diameter partikel rata-rata 0.126193

2) Serbuk FeMn

0.019 255 255 255 0.155536 0.019 255 255 255 0.155536 0.02 255 255 255 0.159577 0.021 255 255 255 0.163518 0.021 255 255 255 0.163518 0.024 255 255 255 0.174808 0.025 255 255 255 0.178412 0.026 255 255 255 0.181946 0.03 255 255 255 0.195441 0.033 255 255 255 0.20498 0.034 255 255 255 0.208063 0.035 255 255 255 0.2111 0.035 255 255 255 0.2111 0.036 255 255 255 0.214095 0.036 255 255 255 0.214095 0.037 255 255 255 0.217048 0.037 255 255 255 0.217048 0.042 255 255 255 0.231249 0.047 255 255 255 0.244627 0.049 255 255 255 0.249777 0.051 255 255 255 0.254824 0.051 255 255 255 0.254824 Diameter partikel rata-rata 0.093708

3) Serbuk 97% BaFe12O19 + 3% FeMn

0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.017 255 255 255 0.147123 0.017 255 255 255 0.147123 0.017 255 255 255 0.147123 0.017 255 255 255 0.147123 0.017 255 255 255 0.147123 0.018 255 255 255 0.151388 0.018 255 255 255 0.151388 0.018 255 255 255 0.151388 0.018 255 255 255 0.151388 0.018 255 255 255 0.151388 0.019 255 255 255 0.155536 0.019 255 255 255 0.155536 0.019 255 255 255 0.155536 0.02 255 255 255 0.159577 0.02 255 255 255 0.159577 0.02 255 255 255 0.159577 0.02 255 255 255 0.159577 0.02 255 255 255 0.159577 0.021 255 255 255 0.163518 0.021 255 255 255 0.163518 0.022 255 255 255 0.167366 0.032 255 255 255 0.201851 Diameter partikel rata-rata 0.1212

4) Serbuk 93% BaFe12O19 + 7% FeMn

0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.016 255 255 255 0.14273 0.017 255 255 255 0.147123 0.017 255 255 255 0.147123 0.017 255 255 255 0.147123 0.018 255 255 255 0.151388 0.018 255 255 255 0.151388 0.02 255 255 255 0.159577 0.02 255 255 255 0.159577 0.02 255 255 255 0.159577 Diameter partikel rata-rata 0.120556

LAMPIRAN 4

DATA PENGUKURAN DIAMETER PORI SAMPEL PELET

MENGGUNAKAN

SOFTWARE ImageJ

1. Sampel 97% BaFe12O19 + 3% FeMn

Tsinter = 1100oC

Area Mean ECD (µm) 0.069 84.1 0.296401 7670.715 255 98.8264

37.792 255 6.936733 16.519 255 4.586136 20.425 255 5.0996

2.737 255 1.866777 50.709 255 8.035216 102.331 255 11.41455 2005.424 255 50.53103 4.706 255 2.447829 15.495 255 4.441717 13.654 255 4.16951

4.082 255 2.279773 40.289 255 7.162231 4.498 255 2.393122 2.097 255 1.634008 2.241 255 1.68918

2.865 255 1.90993

rata 4.013866205

2.042 255 1.612438

rata 4.044916547

2.759 255 1.874265

rata 3.612107437

2.515 255 1.789468

4.634 255 2.429031

rata 5.537566906

13.455 255 4.139014

rata 4.599635628

21.19 255 5.194222 2.688 255 1.849991 9.818 255 3.535628 7.714 255 3.13397 3.553 255 2.126927 6.452 255 2.866172 14.47 255 4.292293 3.319 255 2.055695 3.238 255 2.030456 2.314 255 1.716472

7.656 255 3.122166 2.01 255 1.599754 5.984 255 2.760265 3.331 255 2.059408 4.009 255 2.259296 4.839 255 2.482178 3.693 255 2.168427 2.303 255 1.712387 Diameter pori

rata-rata 5.227067403

LAMPIRAN 5

HASIL PENGUJIAN VSM

1. Serbuk BaFe12O19

2. Serbuk 97%wt. BaFe12O19 dan 3% wt. FeMn

4. Sampel 97% wt. BaFe12O19 dan 3% wt. FeMn yang disinter pada suhu

1200oC (2 jam)

5. Sampel 93% wt. BaFe12O19 dan 7% wt. FeMn yang disinter pada suhu

1200oC (2 jam)

LAMPIRAN 6

HASIL PENGUJIAN XRD

1. Serbuk BaFe12O19

4. Sampel 93% wt. BaFe12O19 dan 7% wt. FeMn disinter 1200 C (2 jam)

LAMPIRAN 7

DATA HASIL PENGUKURAN NILAI BHmax

1. Serbuk BaFe12O19

B (G) Hc (Oe) BH (G.Oe)

2394 7.72830182 18501.55 2393 7.7584905 18566.07 2392 7.78867918 18630.52 2391 7.81886786 18694.91 2390 7.84905654 18759.25 2389 7.87924522 18823.52 2388 7.9094339 18887.73 2387 7.93962258 18951.88 2386 7.96981126 19015.97

2385 7.99999994 19080

2384 8.03018861 19143.97 2383 8.06037729 19207.88 2382 8.09056597 19271.73

1343 39.4566035 52990.22 1342 39.4867921 52991.28 1341 39.5169808 52992.27 1340 39.5471695 52993.21 1339 39.5773582 52994.08 1338 39.6075468 52994.9 1337 39.6377355 52995.65 1336 39.6679242 52996.35 1335 39.6981129 52996.98 1334 39.7283016 52997.55 1333 39.7584902 52998.07 1332 39.7886789 52998.52 1331 39.8188676 52998.91 1330 39.8490563 52999.24 1329 39.879245 52999.52 1328 39.9094336 52999.73 1327 39.9396223 52999.88 1326 39.969811 52999.97

1325 39.9999997 53000

1324 40.0301884 52999.97 1323 40.060377 52999.88 1322 40.0905657 52999.73 1321 40.1207544 52999.52 1320 40.1509431 52999.24 1319 40.1811317 52998.91 1318 40.2113204 52998.52 1317 40.2415091 52998.07 1223 43.0792449 52685.92 1222 43.1094336 52679.73 1141 45.5547166 51977.93 1140 45.5849053 51966.79 1139 45.615094 51955.59 1138 45.6452826 51944.33 1137 45.6754713 51933.01 1136 45.70566 51921.63 1135 45.7358487 51910.19 1134 45.7660374 51898.69 1133 45.796226 51887.12 1132 45.8264147 51875.5 1131 45.8566034 51863.82 1130 45.8867921 51852.08 1129 45.9169808 51840.27

1041 48.5735845 50565.1 1040 48.6037732 50547.92 1039 48.6339619 50530.69 1038 48.6641505 50513.39 1037 48.6943392 50496.03 1036 48.7245279 50478.61 1035 48.7547166 50461.13 1034 48.7849053 50443.59 1033 48.8150939 50425.99 1002 49.750943 49850.44 1001 49.7811317 49830.91 1000 49.8113204 49811.32 999 49.841509 49791.67 939 51.6528298 48502.01 938 51.6830184 48478.67 937 51.7132071 48455.28 936 51.7433958 48431.82 935 51.7735845 48408.3 934 51.8037732 48384.72 933 51.8339618 48361.09 932 51.8641505 48337.39 931 51.8943392 48313.63 930 51.9245279 48289.81 929 51.9547166 48265.93 928 51.9849052 48241.99 927 52.0150939 48217.99 926 52.0452826 48193.93 925 52.0754713 48169.81

924 52.10566 48145.63

675 59.622641 40245.28 147 75.5622635 11107.65 146 75.5924522 11036.5 145 75.6226409 10965.28

1789 8,55556 15305,88889 1784 12,4444 22200,88889 1783 13,2222 23575,22222 1782 14 24948 1781 14,7778 26319,22222 1780 15,5556 27688,88889 1779 16,3333 29057 1663 106,556 177201,8889 1662 107,333 178388 1614 144,667 233492 1537 204,556 314401,8889 1536 205,333 315392 1535 206,111 316380,5556 1534 206,889 317367,5556 1533 207,667 318353 1532 208,444 319336,8889 1531 209,222 320319,2222 1523 215,444 328121,8889 1522 216,222 329090,2222 1521 217 330057 1520 217,778 331022,2222 1519 218,556 331985,8889 1518 219,333 332948 1517 220,111 333908,5556 1516 220,889 334867,5556 1515 221,667 335825 1413 301 425313 1412 301,778 426110,2222 1411 302,556 426905,8889 1410 303,333 427700 1409 304,111 428492,5556 1228 444,889 546323,5556 1227 445,667 546833 1226 446,444 547340,8889 1225 447,222 547847,2222 1224 448 548352 1119 529,667 592697 1118 530,444 593036,8889 1117 531,222 593375,2222 1108 538,222 596350,2222

871 652,971 568738 870 653,714 568731 869 654,457 568723 868 655,2 568713 867 655,943 568702 866 656,686 568690 865 657,428 568676 864 658,171 568660 863 658,914 568643 584 866,171 505844 583 866,914 505411 582 867,657 504976 581 868,4 504540 577 871,371 502781 576 872,114 502338 575 872,857 501893 574 873,6 501446 573 874,343 500998 347 1042,23 361653 346 1042,97 360868 345 1043,71 360081 327 1057,09 345667 326 1057,83 344852 325 1058,57 344036 324 1059,31 343218 323 1060,06 342398 322 1060,8 341578 321 1061,54 340755 320 1062,29 339931 319 1063,03 339106 149 1189,31 177208 148 1190,06 176128 31 1276,97 39586,1 30 1277,71 38331,4 29 1278,46 37075,3 28 1279,2 35817,6 27 1279,94 34558,5 26 1280,69 33297,8 17 1287,37 21885,3 16 1288,11 20609,8

LAMPIRAN 8

KURVA DEMAGNETISASI (KUADRAN KEDUA) SAMPEL

1. Serbuk BaFe12O19

-20000 -10000 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 0

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

B (Gauss)

bHc (x10-2

)(Oe) BH (Gauss.Oe)

BH max : 53 kG.Oe

2. Serbuk 97% wt. BaFe12O19 dan 3% wt. FeMn

-30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 0

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 B (Gauss)

bHc (Oe) BH (x10)(Gauss.Oe)

3. Serbuk 93% wt. BaFe12O19 dan 7% wt. FeMn

-50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 0

10 20 30 40 B (Gauss)

bHc (Oe) BH (x10) (Gauss.Oe)

BH max : 0.370 kG.Oe

4. Sampel 97% wt. BaFe12O19 dan 3% wt. FeMn yang disinter pada suhu

1200oC (2 jam)

-1500 -1000 -500 0 500

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000

B (Gauss)

BH (x103

)(Gauss.Oe) bHc (Oe)