KONSEP AWAL BIROKRASI | Muchamad Ali Safa'at

PERKEMBANGAN

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_{Negara Hukum Formil  legalitas}

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_{Negara Hukum Materiil  Freies}

Ermessen

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_{Negara menurut Weber:}

“the state is a human society that

BIROKRASI

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_{Alat kekuasaan bagi yang menguasainya.}

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_{Alat kekuasaan untuk menjalankan}

keputusan-keputusan politik.

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_{Ruang Lingkup:}

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_{Sebagai tipe organisasi yang khas;}

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_{Sebagai suatu sistem;}

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_{Sebagai suatu tatanan jiwa tertentu dan alat}

ASAS

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_{ASAS LEGALITAS}

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_{peraturan tertulis, penyebaran atau penggunaan}

peraturan, tidak berlaku surut, peraturan bisa

dimengerti, tidak bertentangan satu sama lain,

tidak menuntut diluar kemampuan orang, tidak

sering berubah-ubah dan sesuai antara

peraturan dan pelaksanaannya.

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_{Freies Ermessen}

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_{Kebebasan bertindak, tidak boleh menolak}

OTORITAS DALAM

ORGANISASI

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_{Otorita tradisional mendasarkan}

diri pada pola pengawasan di

mana legimitasi diletakkan pada

loyalitas bawahan kepada atasan.

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_{Otorita kharismatik}

menunjukkan legimitasi yang

didasarkan atas sifat-sifat

pribadi yang luar biasa.

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_{Otorita legal rasional kepatuhan}

BIROKRASI IDEAL WEBER

(LEGAL RATIONAL)

• _{a hierarchical system of authority} • _{a systematic division of labors}

• _{a clear specification of duties for anyone working in it} • _{clear and systematic disciplinary codes and}

procedures

• _{the control of operation through a consistent system}

of abstract rules

• _{a consistent applications of general rules to specific}

cases        

• _{the selection of employees on the basic of objectively}

determined qualifications

• _{a system of promotion on the basis of seniority or}

KECENDERUNGAN

• _{The management style is authoritarian, and there is a}

high degree of control.

• _{There is little communication, and the management is}

usually an univocal, top-down one.

• _{Individuals search for stability, have limited scope for}

initiative, and are oriented towards obeying orders.

• _{The decision-making process is repetitive and}

centralized.

• _{There is reluctance to start innovative processes.} • _{There are high degrees of conformity.}

Civil Service

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_Permanent

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_{Unity in diversity}

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_{Sufficient Independent}

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_Ability

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_{Experience to advice, assist, and}

FUNCTION

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_{To advice ministers upon policy}

matters.

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_{To manage the use of government}

resources.

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_{To make decision in individual cases}

under powers coffered by particular

statutes.

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_{To carry out the day-to-day}