undang undang

SALINAN

*E"uJLl[s;SS]^r'o

UNDANG-UNDANG REPUBLIK INDONESIA

NOMOR

16

TAHUN 2016

TENTANG

PENGESAHAN

PARISAGREEMEJVT TO

THE

UNITED lVATlOlVS

FRAMEWORK

CONVENTION ON

CLIMATE CHANGE

(PERSETUJUAN

PARIS

ATAS KONVENSI KERANGKA KERJA

PERSERIKATAN BANGSA-BANGSA MENGENAI PERUBAHAN IKLIM)

DENGAN RAHMAT TUHAN YANG MAHA ESA

PRESIDEN REPUBLIK INDONESIA,

Menimbang:

a.

bahwa

tujuan

nasional negara Republik

Indonesia

sebagaimana

tercantum

dalam

Pembukaan

Undang-Undang Dasar

Negara

Republik

Indonesia

adalah

untuk

melindungi

seluruh tumpah

darah

Indonesia

dan

untuk

memajukan

kesejahteraan

umum,

mencerdaskan

kehidupan

bangsa

dan

ikut

melaksanakan

ketertiban

dunia

yang berdasarkan

kemerdekaan,

perdamaian

abadi

dan

keadilan

sosial;

b.

bahwa

perubahan

iklim

akibat

kenaikan

suhu

bumi

merupakan ancaman

yang

semakin

serius bagi

umat

manusia

dan

planet

bumi

sehingga

memerlukan

kerja

sama

antarnegara

secara

lebih

efektif;

PRESIOE N

REPUBLIK

INDONESIA

-2-c.

bahwa

dalam upaya

mengendalikan

berlanjutnya

perubahan

iklim,

Pemerintah

Indonesia

bersama-sama

dengan anggota

masyarakat

internasional

melalui

Konferensi Para Pihak

ke-21

United

Nations

Frameruork

Conuention

on

Climate

Change (Konvensi

Kerangka

Kerja

Perserikatan

Bangsa-Bangsa

mengenai

perubahan

Iklim)

pada tanggal

12

Desember

2015

di

paris,

perancis

telah

mengadopsi

Paris

Agreement

to tle

IJnited.

Nations

Frameuork

Conuention

on

Climate

Change

(persetujuan

Paris

atas

Konvensi Kerangka

Kerja perserikatan

Bangsa-Bangsa mengenai Perubahan

Iklim)

yang ditindaklanjuti

dengan penandatanganan persetujuan

dimaksud

pada

tanggal

22

April 2016

di

New

york,

Amerika

Serikat;

d.

bahwa berdasarkan pertimbangan

sebagaimana dimaksud

dalam

huruf

a,

huruf

b,

dan

huruf

c,

perlu

membentuk

Undang-Undang

tentang

Pengesahan paris Agreement

to

the

United

Nations Frameuork

Conuention

on

Climate

Change (Persetujuan

Paris

atas

Konvensi Kerangka

Kerja

Perserikatan

Bangsa-Bangsa mengenai

perubahan

Iklim);

Mengingat

:

1.

Pasal

5 ayat

(1),

pasal

11, pasal

Undang-Undang Dasar

Negara

t945;

20,

dan

Pasal

28H ayat

(1)

Republik Indonesia Tahun

2.

Undang-Undang Nomor 24

Tahun 2000 tentang

perjanj ian

Internasional

(Lembaran Negara

Republik

Indonesia Tahun

2000 Nomor

185, Tambahan Lembaran

Negara Republik

Indonesia

Nomor 4012);

PRESIDE N

REPUBLIK

INOONESIA

-J-Dengan

Persetuj

uan

Bersama

DEWAN PERWAKILAN RAKYAT REPUBLIK INDONESIA

dan

PRESIDEN REPUBLIK INDONESIA

MEMUTUSKAN:

Menetapkan

:

UNDANG-UNDANG

TENTANG

PENGESAHAN

pARrS

AGREEMDNT

TO THE

UNITED

]VATIOJVS

FRAMEWORK

CONWNTION

O]V

CLIMATE,

CHANGE

(PERSETUJUAN

PARIS ATAS

KONVENSI KERANGKA

KERJA

PERSERIKATAN

BANGSA-BANGSA

PERUBAHAN IKLIM).

MENGENAI

Pasal

1

Mengesahkan

Pais

Agreement

to the

United

Nations

Framework

Conuention

on

Climate

Change

(persetujuan

Paris

atas

Konvensi Kerangka

Kerja perserikatan

Bangsa-Bangsa

mengenai Perubahan

Iklim) yang

telah

ditandatangani oleh

Pemerintah

Indonesia

pada

tanggal

22

Aprrl 2016

di

New

York, Amerika Serikat yang

salinan

naskah aslinya

dalam bahasa

Inggris dan

terjemahannya

dalam

bahasa Indonesia

sebagaimana

terlampir

dan

merupakan

bagian

yang

tidak

terpisahkan

dari

Undang_

Undang

ini.

Pasal

2

Undang-Undang

diundangkan.

mulai

berlaku

pada

tanggal

PRESIDEN

R

EPUBL

IK

INDQNESIA

Agar

setiap

pengundangan

penempatannya

Indonesia.

-4-orang

mengetahuinya,

Undang-Undang

dalam

Lembaran

memerintahkan

ini

dengan

Negara

Republik

Disahkan di

Jakarta

pada

tanggal

24

Oktober 2016

PRESIDEN REPUBLIK INDONESIA,

ttd.

JOKO

WIDODO

Diundangkan

di

Jakarta

pada tanggal

25 Oktober

2016

MENTERI

HUKUM

DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA

REPUBLIK INDONESIA,

rtd.

YASONNA

H.

LAOLY

LEMBARAN NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA TAHUN

2016

NOMOR 204

Salinan

sesuai dengan

aslinya

KEMENTERIAN SEKRETARIAT NEGARA

REPUBLIK INDONESIA

-uti

Bidang

Hukum

dan

dang-undangan,

ffi*

"E,,uf.llSiiSI*ur,,o

PENJELASAN

ATAS

UNDANG-UNDANG REPUBLIK INDONESIA

NOMOR

16

TAHUN

2016

TENTANG

PENGESAHAN

PARIS

AGREEMENT

TO

THE

UNITED

JVATIO]VS

FRAMEWORK CONWNTION

ON

CLIMATE CHANGE

(PERSETUJUAN

PARIS

ATAS KONVENSI KERANGKA KERJA

PERSERIKATAN BANGSA-BANGSA MENGENAI PERUBAHAN IKLIM)

I.

UMUM

Dampak perubahan

iklim

secara global

telah

menjadi

perhatian

masyarakat

dunia

dan

bangsa-bangsa,

termasuk Indonesia.

Sebagai

negara kepulauan

yang

memiliki

berbagai

sumber

daya alam

dan

keanekaragaman

yang tinggi,

Indonesia

memiliki

potensi

yang

besar

untuk

terkena dampak negatif perubahan

iklim,

dan

sekaligus

juga

memiliki

potensi yang

besar

untuk

turut

andil

dalam

melakukan mitigasi

maupun

adaptasi terhadap dampak negatif perubahan

iklim.

Perubahan

iklim,

sebagaimana

diketahui

oleh

banyak

kalangan,

merupakan suatu kejadian alam yang dapat dijelaskan

secara

ilmiah,

dan

dianggap sebagai

suatu hal

yang

wajar.

Namun yang membuat isu

perubahan

iklim

menjadi

semakin

muncul

di

permukaan dan

menjadi

bahan perbincangan

banyak

orang adalah karena

dalam

beberapa

puluh

tahun terakhir,

tepatnya setelah

era industrialisasi,

sebagaimana hasil

laporan

Intergouernmental

Panel

on

Climate Change (IpCC),

proses

perubahan

iklim

berjalan

semakin

cepat

dan dampak-dampak perubahan

iklim

dirasakan semakin meluas

pada

berbagai

aspek

kehidupan

masyarakat

dan

semakin nyata dirasakan

oleh

umat

manusia

di

berbagai

belahan

bumi.

PRESIOEN

REPUSLII(

INDONESIA

-2-Eratnya

kaitan

dampak perubahan

iklim

dengan

kehidupan umat

manusia

baik manusia

sebagai

pelaku

aktivitas

yang

mengemisikan

gas

rumah

kaca maupun

sebagai

yang terkena dampak, menjadikan

isu

perubahan

iklim

semakin menjadi perhatian

negara-negara

di

dunia,

yang bersatu

di

bawah payung

Kerangka

Kerja perserikatan

Bangsa-Bangsa

untuk

Perubahan

Iklim

(UNFCCC),

dan

bernegosiasi

untuk

mencari

jalan terbaik

dan kompromi

dalam berbagi peran

dan

kewajiban

dalam

mengendalikan

perubahan

iklim

dan

menangani

dampak-dampaknya.

Mitigasi dan

adaptasi

merupakan

2

(dua) aspek

kegiatan

yang digunakan

sebagai

instrumen utama dalam

menangani

dampak-dampak perubahan

iklim.

Dalam

konteks

nasional,

pengendalian

perubahan

iklim

merupakan

amanat

konstitusi

bahwa

setiap orang

berhak

hidup

sejahtera,

lahir

dan

batin,

bertempat tinggal, dan mendapatkan

lingkungan hidup

yang baik

dan

sehat

serta berhak

memperoleh pelayanan kesehatan.

Negara

memberikan

arah dan

berkewajiban memastikan

agar

pembangunan

yang

dibutuhkan

untuk

memenuhi

kesejahteraan

rakyat

tetap

memperhatikan perlindungan aspek lingkungan

dan

sosial.

Dengan

adanya

kesadaran

akan

ancaman

dari

dampak-dampak

negatif

perubahan

iklim,

pengendalian

dan

penanganan

perubahan

iklim

bukan

merupakan suatu beban bagi

Negara,

namun sudah

saatnya

menjadi

suatu kebutuhan.

Dengan

demikian komitmen

Negara

dalam

menangani

perubahan

iklim

merupakan

agenda

nasional.

PRISIOEN

R

EPUBL

IK

INOONESIA

-3-Persetujuan

Paris bersifat mengikat

secara

hukum

dan

diterapkan

semua negara (legallg binding

and

applicable

to

ali) dengan

prinsip

tanggung

j

awab bersama

yang dibedakan

dan

berdasarkan

kemampuan

masing-masing

(common

but

differentiated

responsibilities

and

respectiue capabilitiesl,

dan

memberikan tanggung

jawab

kepada

negara-negara

maju

untuk

menyediakan

dana,

peningkatan

kapasitas,

dan

alih

teknologi kepada negara

berkembang.

Di

samping

itu,

Persetujuan Paris mengamanatkan

peningkatan kerja

sama

bilateral

dan

multilateral

yang

lebih

efektif

dan

efisien

untuk

melaksanakan

aksi

mitigasi dan adaptasi perubahan

iklim

dengan

dukungan

pendanaan,

alih

teknologi, peningkatan kapasitas yang

didukung

dengan mekanime

transparansi

serta

tata

kelola

yang berkelanjutan.

Indonesia

terletak

di

wilayah

geografis

yang sangat

rentan

terhadap

dampak perubahan

iklim.

Secara

umum

kenaikan

suhu

rata-rata

di

wilayah Indonesia

diperkirakan

sebesar

0,5

-

3,92.C

pada

tahun

2100

dari kondisi

periode

tahun

1981-2010.

Sedangkan

untuk

curah

hujan,

berdasarkan

data

pengamatan

telah

terjadi

pergeseran

bulan

basah

dan

kering. Intensitas

curah hujan

yang

lebih tinggi dan durasi hujan

yang

lebih

pendek

terjadi

di

Sumatera

bagian

utara dan

Kalimantan,

sedangkan

curah

hujan

rendah dan

durasi

hujan

lebih

panjang

terjadi di

bagian selatan

Jawa dan Bali.

Kenaikan

muka

air

laut

akibat

perubahan

iklim

diproyeksikan

mencapai

35-40

cm

pada

tahun

2050

relatif

terhadap

nilai tahun

2000.

Kenaikan

muka

air laut

tersebut akan

mencap

ai

lZ5

cm

pada

tahun

2100

dengan

memperhitungkan

faktor

pencairan

es

di kutub

Utara

dan

Selatan.

PRESIDEN

REPUELIK

INDONESIA

-4-Kota Tarakan menunjukkan kenaikan permukaan

air

1aut sekitar

14,7

cm

(dengan

ketidakpastian sekitar

6,25

cm)

pada

tahun

2030

relatif

terhadap

kondisi

saat

ini.

Variabilitas

juga terjadi

pada permukaan

air

Iaut

akibat

fenomena La-Nina

dan

gelombang

badai (storm

surgesl.

Fenomena

tersebut diperkirakan akan menaikkan permukaan

air

laut

sebesar

15

cm dan 30 cm.

Sedangkan

untuk

wilayah

Sumatera

Selatan

kenaikan

muka

air laut

antara 0,5-0,7

cm/tahun.

proyeksi

kenaikan

permukaan

air laut

pada

tahun

2030

sebesar

13,5

t

6,

15

cm

relatif

terhadap

permukaan air

laut

pada

tahun

2000.

Kajian Risiko

dan

Adaptasi perubahan

Iklim

dilakukan

di

Kota

Tarakan, Provinsi

Sumatera Selatan,

dan Malang

Raya.

Kota

Tarakan

mengalami

kenaikan

suhu

sebesar

0,63"C

sepanjang

25 tahun

terakhir;

Provinsi Sumatera Selatan mengalami

kenaikan

suhu

sebesar

O,67.C;

sedangkan

Malang Raya mengalami kenaikan 0,69"C. Kota

Tarakan

banyak terpengaruh oleh potensi

fenomena

El-Nino. Bahkan,

pernah

mengalami kekeringan yang panjang pada

sekitar

tahun

196l-19TOan,

dan

di bulan April

-

Agustus

terjadi

defisit

curah

hujan sekitar

100 mm

dari

nilai

rata-ratanya.

Dengan

jumlah pulau

lebih

dari

17.000,

dan

sebagian

besar

ibu

kota

provinsi

serta

hampir

65

%

penduduk tinggal

di

wilayah pesisir,

wilayah

Indonesia

rentan terhadap dampak perubahan

ik1im,

khususnya

yang

disebabkan

oleh

kenaikan

muka

air

laut

serta

penggenangan

akibat

banjir

di

wilayah pesisir

atau

rob.

Kenaikan

muka

air

laut,

selain

menyebabkan

dampak langsung berupa berkurangnya wilayah

akibat

tenggelam

oleh

air

laut,

rusaknya kawasan ekosistem pesisir

akibat

gelombang pasang,

juga

menimbulkan dampak

tidak

langsung

berupa

hilangnya

atau

berubahnya

mata

pencaharian masyarakat, khususnya

masyarakat

yang tinggal

di

tepi pantai,

berkurangnya areal

persawahan

dataran rendah

di

dekat

pantai

yang

akan

berpengaruh

terhadap

ketahanan pangan,

gangguan

transportasi

antarpulau,

serta

rusak

atau

hilangnya

obyek

wisata

pulau

dan

pesisir.

PRESIOEN

REPUALIK

INDONESIA

-5-Persetujuan

Paris

merupakan

perjanjian

internasional

tentang

perubahan

iklim

yang

bertujuan

untuk

menahan

kenaikan

suhu

rata-rata

global

di

bawah

2"C

di

atas

tingkat

di

masa

pra-industrialisasi

dan

melanjutkan upaya

untuk

menekan

kenaikan

suhu

ke

l,S.C

di

atas tingkat

pra-industrialisasi.

Selain

itu,

persetujuan

paris

atas

Konvensi Kerangka

Kerja

Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa

mengenai

Perubahan

Iklim

yang

selanjutnya

disebut

persetujuan

paris

diarahkan

untuk

meningkatkan kemampuan adaptasi terhadap dampak

negatif

perubahan

iklim,

menuju ketahanan

iklim

dan

pembangunan

rendah

emisi, tanpa

mengancam

produksi pangan,

dan

menyiapkan

skema

pendanaan

untuk

menuju

pembangunan rendah emisi

dan

berketahanan

iklim.

Pemerintah

Indonesia

telah

menandatangani

pais

Agreement

to

the

United

Nations

Frametuork

Conuention

on

Climate

Charrye (persetujuan

Paris

atas

Konvensi Kerangka

Kerja

Perserikatan

Bangsa-Bangsa

mengenai

Perubahan

Iklim)

pada

tanggal

22

April 2016

di

New

york,

Amerika Serikat.

A. MANFAAT

Dengan

mengesahkan

Persetujuan

paris,

Indonesia

akan

mendapatkan manfaat

antara

lain:

1.

Peningkatan perlindungan wilayah

Indonesia

yang

sangat rentan

terhadap dampak perubahan

iklim

melalui mitigasi dan

adaptasi

perubahan

iklim.

PRESIDEN

R

EPUBL

IK

INDONESIA

-6-Peningkatan pengakuan

atas

komitmen nasional

dalam

menurunkan

emisi

dari

berbagai

sektor,

pelestarian

hutan,

peningkatan

energi

terbarukan dan peran serta masyarakat

1okal

dan

masyarakat

adat

dalam

pengendalian

perubahan

iklim

yang

selama

ini

diperjuangkan

oleh Indonesia.

Menjadi Para Pihak

yang

dapat berperan

serta

(memiliki

hak

suara)

dalam

pengambilan

keputusan

terkait

persetujuan

paris,

termasuk

dalam

pengembangan

modalitas,

prosedur

dan

pedoman

pelaksanaan Persetujuan

Paris.

Memperoleh kemudahan

untuk

mengakses

sumber

pendanaan,

teknologi

transfer,

peningkatan kapasitas bagi implementasi

aksi

mitigasi

dan adaptasi.

B.

MATERI POKOK

l.

Persetujuan

Paris

Persetujuan Paris memuat materi pokok substansi

sebagai

berikut:

a.

Tujuan

Persetujuan Paris adalah

untuk

membatasi

kenaikan

suhu

global

di

bawah

2'C dari tingkat pra-industrialisasi

dan

melakukan

upaya membatasinya hingga

di bawah

1,5"C.

b.

Kewajiban

masing-masing

Negara

untuk

menyampaikan

Kontribusi

yarrg

Ditetapkan Secara Nasional

(Nationallg

Detennined Contributionsl.

Kontribusi penurunan

tersebut

harus meningkat

setiap

periode,

dan

negara

berkembang

perlu

mendapatkan

dukungan

untuk

meningkatkan

ambisi

tersebut.

2.

J.

4.

d.

c.

h.

PRESIOEN

REPUBLIK

INOONESIA

-7

-Komitmen

Para

Pihak

untuk

mencapai

titik

puncak

emisi

gas

rumah kaca

secepat

mungkin

dan

melakukan

upaya

penurunan

emisi

secara cepat

melalui

aksi mitigasi.

Pendekatan kebijakan

dan

insentif

positif

untuk

aktivitas

penurunan emisi

dari

deforestasi

dan

degradasi

hutan

serta

pengelolaan

hutan

berkelanjutan,

konservasi

dan

peningkatan

cadangan

karbon

hutan

termasuk

melalui

pembayaran

berbasis

hasil.

Pengembangan

kerja

sama

sukarela antarnegara dalam rangka

penurunan

emisi

termasuk

melalui

mekanisme pasar

dan

nonpasar.

Penetapan

tujuan

global

adaptasi

untuk

meningkatkan

kapasitas adaptasi, memperkuat ketahanan,

dan

mengurangi

kerentanan terhadap perubahan

iklim

sebagai

pengakuan

bahwa

adaptasi merupakan tantangan

global

yang

membutuhkan

dukungan

dan kerja

sama

internasional

khususnya

bagi negara berkembang.

Pengakuan pentingnya

meminimalkan

dan mengatasi kerugian

dan

kerusakan

(loss

and

damagel

akibat

dampak buruk

perubahan

iklim.

Kewajiban negara

maju

menyediakan

sumber

pendanaan

untuk

membantu

Para

Pihak

negara berkembang

dalam

melaksanakan

mitigasi dan adaptasi. Seiain

itu,

pihak

lain

dapat

pula

memberikan

dukungan

secara

sukarela.

Peningkatan

aksi kerja

sama

seluruh

negara

dalam

hal

pengembangan

dan

alih

teknologi.

f.

PRESIDEN

REPUBL:K

INDONESIA

j

-8-Perlunya

kerja

sama

Para

Pihak

untuk

memperkuat

kapasitas

negara

berkembang

dalam implementasi Persetujuan

Paris

dan

kewajiban negara

maju

untuk

memperkuat

dukungan

bagi

peningkatan kapasitas

di

negara berkembang.

Kerja

sama Para

Pihak dalam upaya

penguatan

pendidikan,

pelatihan, kesadaran

publik,

partisipasi

publik, dan

akses

publik

terhadap

informasi

mengenai

perubahan

iklim.

Pembentukan

dan

pelaksanaan

kerangka kerja

transparansi

dalam

rangka

membangun

rasa

saling

percaya

dan

meningkatkan

efektivitas

implementasi,

meliputi

aksi maupun

dukungan

dengan fleksibilitas

bagi

negara

berkembang.

Kerangka

ini

merupakan

pengembangan

dari

yang sudah

ada

di

bawah

Konvensi.

Pelaksanaan secara

berkala inventarisasi

dari

implementasi

Persetujuan Paris

untuk

menilai

kemajuan

kolektif

dalam

mencapai

tujuan

Persetujuan Paris (global

stocktakel

dimulai

tahun

2023

dan

selanjutnya

dilakukan

setiap

lima tahun.

Pembentukan mekanisme

untuk

memfasilitasi

implementasi

dan mendorong

kepatuhan

terhadap Persetujuan

paris.

Persetujuan Paris berlaku pada

hari ke-30

setelah

55

negara

yang mencerminkan paling sedikit

55

o/o

emisi global

telah

menyimpankan piagam

ratifikasi,

penerimaan,

penyetujuan

atau

aksesi

kepada lembaga

penyimpan

(depositary).

Tidak ada

pensyaratan

(reseruationsl

yang

dapat

dibuat

terhadap Persetujuan

Paris.

k.

t.

n.

o.

p.

2.

PRESIDE N

REPUALIK

INDONESIA

-9-Kontribusi yang Ditetapkan

Secara

Nasional

sebagai pernyataan

komitmen

implementasi Persetujuan paris

Dalam rangka

mencapai

tujuan

persetujuan paris,

kontribusi

nasional terhadap upaya

globa1

yang

dituangkan

dalam

Kontribusi

yang

Ditetapkan

Secara Nasional,

semua

Negara

pihak

melaksanakan

dan

mengomunikasikan

upaya

ambisiusnya

dan

menunjukkan kemajuan

dari

waktu

ke

waktu, yang

terkait

dengan Kontribusi yang Ditetapkan

Secara

Nasional

(mitigasi),

adaptasi, dan

dukungan

pendanaan, teknologi dan

pengembangan

kapasitas

bagi negara berkembang oleh negara

maju.

Kontribusi

yang Ditetapkan

Secara

Nasional

(NDC)

Indonesia

mencakup

aspek

mitigasi dan

adaptasi.

Sejalan

dengan

ketentuan

Persetujuan Paris,

NDC

Indonesia

kiranya perlu ditetapkan

secara

berkala. Pada periode pertama,

target

NDC Indonesia

adalah

mengurangi

emisi

sebesar

29

o/o

dengan

upaya sendiri

dan

menjadi

4l

o/o

jika

ada

kerja

sama

internasional

dari

kondisi

tanpa

ada

aksi

(business

as

usual)

pada

tahun

2030,

yang akan

dicapai

antara

lain

mela.lui

sektor

kehutanan,

energi

termasuk

transportasi, limbah, proses

industri dan

penggunaan

produk,

dan

pertanian. Komitmen

NDC

Indonesia

untuk

periode

selanjutnya ditetapkan berdasarkan

kajian kinerja dan

harus

menunjukkan

peningkatan

dari

periode

selanjutnya.

Peraturan

Perundang-Undangan Nasional

yang

berkaitan

dengan

Persetujuan

Paris

Indonesia

memiliki

peraturan

perundang-undangan

yang

berkaitan

dan

mendukung

pelaksanaan

persetujuan

paris.

Peraturan

itu

didukung

oleh

perundang-undangan nasional

yang

terkait,

antara lain:

3.

b.

PRESIDEN

R

EPUBL

IK

INOONESIA

-10-c.

Undang-Undang Nomor

5

Tahun

1960 tentang

peraturan

Dasar

Pokok-Pokok Agraria;

Undang-Undang

Nomor

5

Tahun

1990 tentang

Konservasi

Sumber

Daya

Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya;

Undang-Undang

Nomor

6

Tahun

1994 tentang

pengesahan

United

Nations Frameutork

Conuention

on

Climate

Change

(Konvensi

Kerangka

Kerja

Perserikatan

Bangsa-Bangsa

mengenai

Perubahan

Iklim);

Undang-Undang

Nomor 41

Tahun

1999

tentang Kehutanan;

Undang-Undang Nomor

22

Tahrun

2001 tentang Minyak

dan

Gas;

f.

Undang-Undang

Nomor

17

Tahun 2004 tentang

pengesahan

KAoto Protocol

to

the

United

Nations

Frametaork

Conuention on

Climate

Change

(Protokol Kyoto atas Konvensi Kerangka Kerja

Perserikatan

Bangsa-Bangsa

tentang Perubahan

Iklim);

g.

Undang-Undang

Nomor 30

Tahun

2OOT

tettangEnergi;

h.

Undang-Undang

Nomor

18

Tahun

2O08

tentang

pengelolaan

Sampah;

i.

Undang-Undang Nomor

4 Tahun

2009 tentang

pertambangan

Mineral

dan Batubara;

j.

Undang-Undang Nomor

31 Tahun 2009 tentang

Meteorologi,

Klimatologi, dan

Geofisika;

k.

Undang-Undang Nomor

32 Tahun 2009 tentang perlindungan

dan

Pengelolaan

Lingkungan Hidup;

l.

Undang-Undang

Nomor

18

Tahun 2013 tentang

pencegahan

dan

Pemberantasan

Perusakan Hutan.

d.

e.

PRESIDEN

REPUELIK

INOONESIA

-

11-II.

PASAL

DEMI

PASAL

Pasal

1

Dalam

hal

terjadi

perbedaan

penafsiran

antara

naskah

terjemahan

dalam

bahasa Indonesia dengan

salinan

naskah

aslinya dalam

bahasa

Inggris, yang

berlaku

adalah salinan naskah

aslinya dalam

bahasa

Inggris.

Pasal

2

Cukup jelas.

PARISAGREEMENT

UNITED NATIONS

2015

PARISAGREEMENT

The Pdrties to this Agteemenl,

Being Parties

to

the _{United Nations Framework Convention on Climate}

Change, hereinafter referrcd. to as ,.the Convention,',

Ptrsuqnt

to

the

Durban platform deoision 1lCP.17

of

the

Conference

of

seventeenth session,

Enhanced

Action

established Parties

to

the

Convention at

by its for

the

.

.In

pursuit

of

the objectivc.

of

the Convention, and being guided

by

its

principles, inctuding

the principle

of

_{equity and common}

but

_{differeuliated}

responsibiliries end _{respective capabilities,}

i,.

the

light

of

_{dirfcrent national}

circumstances,

Recognizing the need

for

an effcctive and protfcssive rcsponse

ro

the

urgent thrcat

of

climate change on

the

basis

of

the -best _{available scientific}

knowledge,

.

.

Also

recognizing

the

specific

needs

and

special

circumstaoces

of

devcloping^ _{country Partics, cspecially those that are pariicularly rulnerable to the} adverse _{cffects of clirnatc change, as providcd for in the Convcntion,}

Taking

lull

account of lhe specific needs and. special situations of the least dcveloped _{countries witlr regard to funding and transfir oftechnology,}

Recognizing that Parties may be aflected not only by climate change, but also by the impacts of tho measures _{taken iu} response to it,

Emphasizing

the

jntrinsic

_relationship

that climate

_{change actions,}

responses _{and irnpacts have with equitable access to sustainable develipment} and

eradication of poverty,

,.

Recognizing

thc

fundamenht

priority

of

safcguarcling food sccurity and :T91nq h.une"r: and thc panicular vulncrabilities otfotirt prodJction systems ro rhe

Taking into accoant the inrpcratives of a just transition

ol

_{the workforce and}

the crcation of decent work and quality jobs in accorclanec wiih nationally defined development prioritics,

Ackno*ledging that crimatc change

is

a

common concern

of

humankind, Parties _{should, when taking action to address climate change, respcct, promote}

and

consider their respectivc obligarions on human rights, the .'ig'ht to t,eatit, rhe rights

of

indigcnous peoples,

local

communities, miigrants,

.Ihita..n,

persons with disa.bi)ities and people

ilr

_{vulnerable situalions aird thc righr}

to

_{development, as} well as gcuder _{cquality, empowerment of women anrl intergJncrarional}

equity,

Recogniz.ing

the

importance

of

the

conservation

and

enhancement, as

appropriate,

of

sinks and rcservoirs

of

the greenhouse gases referred

to in

the

Convention,

Noting the importanoe of ensuring the integriry of all ecosystems, irrcluding oceans, and the protection of biodiversity, recognized by some culturcs as Mothci Earth, and noling the importance

for

some

of

thc concept

of

.,climate justicc,,,

whcn taking action to address clirnate changc,

.

Alfirming

the importance

of

education, training, public awareness, puhlic participation,

public

acccss

to

information and cooperaiion

at

all

levels on the matlers addressed _{in this} Agreement,

.

Recognizing the imporlancc of the engagements

of

all levels of government and various acrors, in aocordance with respoctive na(ional lcgislations oi parties, in addrcssing climatc change,

Also

recognizing thaL sustainablc lil'estylcs

and

sustainable patterns ol.

consumption and production, with developcd coun[y partics taking the lead, play an important rolc in addrcssing climate change,

Haw

agreed as _Jbllows;

Article

I

For thc purposc of this Agrcemcnt, the definilions containecl in

Artiole

t

of

the Convention shall apply. In addition:

(a)

"Convention" means the Urfted _{Nations Framework Convention on}

Climate Changc, adopted in New york on 9 May I992;

(b)

"Confcronce of tllc parties', _{means the Conference of the parties to} the Convention;

(c)

"Party" means a Parly to this Agreemcnt.

Article 2

l.

I'his

Agreement,

in

enhancing

the

implementation

of

the

Convention,

including

its

objective, aims

to

strengthen

thc

global response

to

the rhreat

of

clirnate change,

in

the context of sustainable devilopment

intl

efforts to eradicate poverty,

ilcluding

by:

- (u)

Holding rhc increase

il

the global average temperarure to rrell below

2oC above pre-industrial leveLs and pursuing

sffoits to

iimit

thc

temperaturc increase

to

l..5oC above pre-industrial

lcvels,

recognizing

that

this

woukJ significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change;

.

(b)

,Increas.ing

the

ability to

adapt

to

rhe adverse impacts

of

climate

change

and foster climatc

resiliencc

and

low

_greenhouse

gas

_emissions

developmcnt, in a manner that does not threaten food production; and

(c)

Making

finance

flows

consisrent

with

a

pathway

towards low greenhouse gas emissions and olirnate-resili€nt development.

2.

This Agrocmcnt

will

be implcmented

to

reflect cquity

aM

the principle

of

common but differentiated responsibilities and respective cipabilities, in

th;

tight of differcnt national circurnstauccs.

Article 3

_

As

nationally dctermined contributions

to

the global response

to

climate change,

all

Parties are to undertake and communicate umbitious efforts as defined

in Articles 4, 7,

9,

lO, I

I

and 13 v/ith the viely

to

achieving the purpose

of

this Agrecment as set

out

in Article

2.

The efrorts

of

all

parties

will

-represent _a progression over timc, while lecognizing the need to support dcveloping country Parties for the _{effective implementation of this Agreement.}

-J-Article

4

l.

In

order

to

achieve rhe

long.tem

temperatue goal _set

out

in

Article

2, Parties.

aim to

reach global pcaking

of

greenhouse gias ernissions as soon as

possible, recognizing that peaking

will

take longer for developing country partics, and

to

undertake rapid .eductions thereafter

in

accordance'wiih _{best avail.ble}

sciencc, so as

to

achieve a balance b€twegn anthropogelic emissions

by

sources and rem-ovals by sinks of greenhouse gases in thc second half of this centur.v, on the

basis

of

equity, and

fil

the context

of

sustainable development

antl

efforts to eradicate

povcrty-].

Each

Pa(y

shall prepare, communicate and maintain successivc nationally determincd contributions that

it

intends to achieve. parties shall pursue domestit

mitigation

measures,

rvrth

the

aim

of

achicving

the

obje;tivcs

of

such

contributions.

3.

Each Party's successive nationally determined contribution

will

represent a

progression bcyond the Party's tlten current nationally determined contribution and

reflect

its

highest possible ambition, reflecting

its

common

but

differentiated

rcsponsibilitics

and

rcspcctive capabilities,

in

the

light

of

different national circumstances.

4.

Developed country Parties should continue taking the lead by undertaking econonry-wide absolute emission reduction targets. Devetoping country patties

should continue enhancing their mitigation efforts, and are encouraged

to

move over time towards economy-wide emission reduction

or

limitation targets

in

the light of different national circumstances.

5.

Suppon

shall

bc

provided

to

devcloping

coul.rtry

parties

for

rhe

implerncntation

of

this Article,

in

accordance

with Articles

9,

l0

and

ll,

recognizing that cnhanced support

for

dcr.cloping country parties

rvill

allow for higher ambition in their actions.

6.

Thc

least developcd countrics and smalt island developing Stales may prepare and communicate strategies, plans and actions

for low

greenhouse gas

emissions development tcflccting thcir special circumslances.

7.

Mitigation

co-benefits resulting

from

parties'

adaptation actions and/or economic diversification plans can contribute

to

mitigation outcomes under this Article.

-4-8.

ln

communicating their nationaly determined _{contributions, alr parties shall} provide the information nccsssary for clarity, transparcncy and understanding

in

accordance with decision

l/cP.2l

and any relcvant dccisions of the conferenc-e

of

thc Parties serving as the meeting of the parties to this Agreement.

9.

Each Pany shall _{communicatc a nationally determined contribution every}

live

vears

in

accordance with decision

l/cp.2l

and

a'y

rerevant decisions

of

thl

Conference

of

the Parties serving as the mecting of the parties to this Agreement and bc informcd by thc outcomes of the global stocktake referred to in

Arti;le

14.

10.

The Conference

of

the Parties sorving as the meeting

of

the partics to this

Agrecment

shall

consider

conmon

time

frames

for

natlonally

determined contributions at its first scssion.

11. A

Party may

ar

any tirne

adjust

its

eKisring

narionally

determined contr.ibution

with

a lriew

to

enhancing

its

ievet

of

ambition,

in

accordunce with guidance adopted by the Cont'erence

ol'the

Parties serving as the meeting of the

Pa

ics to this Agreement.

12.

Nationally

determincd contributions communicated

by

Parties

shall

be

recorded in a public registry maintained by the secrelariat.

13.

Panies

shall

account

for

their nalionally

determined contributions. In accounting

for

anthropogenic emissions and rernovals corresponding

to

their llationally determined contributions, Parties shall promote environmentat integrity, transparency, accuracy, completeness, comparability and consistency, and ensure

the avoidance

of

double counting,

in

accordance

wirh

guidance adopted by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agrecment.

14.

ln the context oftheir nationally determined contributions, when recognizing and implernenting mitigation actions with respect to anthropogenic enrissions and

rcmovals, Panies should takc into account, as appropriate, existing methods and

guidance under the Convention, in the tight

ofthe

provisions

of

paragraph

l3

of

this Article.

15,

Parties shall take into consideration in the implementation of tltis Agreement the conccrns

of

Partiss with economies most affected by the impacts of response mcasures, _{particularly developing country} Parties.

-5-'16.

.

Parties, inctuding regional cconomic integrotion organizations ancl thcir

member States, that _{have rcached an agreement ,o-""t}

l.oin,ifroaer

paragraph _?

of

this Aflicle shall.notiff ttre secretariat Jf

tlr.

trrrr,

"i

tiroi"g.";*t,

including thc

emission level allocated to each party within the

,"br;i;;;

period, when'they :ommunicate their nationally determined contributjons.

the

secietariat shall in turn lnrorm the l'artles and signatorics to the _{convention of the terms of that agreement.}

17.

Each"pany to such an agreement

sha

_{be responsibre for its emission lever as} set out in the agreement referred to in paragraph

i6

of

_this

Articlc in

_accordancc wrth paragraphs 13 and

l4

ofthis Articlc and-Articles 13 unJ fS.

l8-.

If

Parties acting

jointly

do so

in

the liamework

ol

and together rvith, a

regional economic integration organization

which

is

iiself

a

panv

to

_this

Agrecment, each mcmber State of that _{regional economic integration orgunirrton}

individually, and rogether

with

the _{regional economic integ;ation org-anization,}

shall

be

rcsponsible

for its

_emission

leyel as scr

_ou1-

in

_Lhe

-ug.""_.oi

cor:lin_unt-ca,rgd under paragraph .16 of this Article in accordance with parag'raphs

l3

and

l4

ofthis Article and Articles I3 anci 15.

19.

AII

Parties should strive

to

formulate and communicate long_term low greenhouse _{gas emission development strategies, mindfi:l of Article 2 taking into} account their common _{but differentiated responsib ities and respective capabilitics,} in the light ofdifferent national circumstances,

Article 5

l.

Parties should take action to conserve and enhance, as appropriate, sinks and

reservoirs of.greenhouse gases as referred to in Article +, paiagraph

t

1a;,

oftle

Convention, including forests.

2.

Parties. are encouraged to take action

to

implement and support, including through results-based payments,

the

existing framework as set

out in

relatcd guidance.and decisions already agreed undcr the Convention for: policy approaches

and positive

incentives

tbr

activities relating

to

reducing emiisions

ftom detbrcstation and forest degradation, and the

role

ol

conservation, sustainablc managemeot

of

forests and enhancement

of

forest carbon stocks

in

developing

countries;

and

alternative

policy

approaches,

such as

joint

mitigation'anl

adaptation approaches

for

the

integrii

_{and sustainable}

.inugr,r"nt of

_forests, while_ reaffirming_

the

importance

of

inccntivizing, as approlriate, non-carbon bencfits associatcd with such approaches.

-6-Article 6

l.

Parties reoognize that some parties choose to pursue voluntary cooperation

in

the implementation

of

their _{nationally determined contributions}

to

_{aflow for}

higher ambition

in

their

mitigation

and

adoptation actions

and

to

prorrlote sustainable deyelopment arrd environmental integiity.

2.

_. Panies shall, where engaging on a voluntary basis in cooperative approaches

that involve the use

of

internationally transferred mitigation outcomes towards nationally detemincd oontributioos, proDotc sustainable development and ensure

enyiroomental integrity and transparency, _{including in governancc, and shall apply} robust accounting to onsure, inter alia, the avoidance of double countinB, consiitint

rvith gu.idance adopted by the Conference of the Partiss serving as the meeting

of

the Parties to this Agreement.

3.

The

use

of

internationally transfeffed

mitigation

ourcomes

to

achieve nationally determined contributions under this Agreement shall be voluntary and authorized by participating Panies.

4.

A

mechanism

to

contribute

to

the mitigation

of

grceuhouse gas cmissions and support sustainable development is hereby establishcd undcr the authority and

guidance of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting

of

the Parties to this Agreement for use by Parties on a voluntary basis.

It

shall bc supervised by a

body designatcd

by

the Conference

of

the Parties serying as the meeting of the Parties to tllis Agrecmcnt, and shall airr:

(a) 'lb

promots

the

lnitigation

of

greenhouse

gas

emissions rvhile fostering sustainable development;

(b)

To

incentivize

and

faoilitate

participatioo

in

the

mitigation of

greenhousc gas cmissions by public and privatc entitics authorized by a Party;

(c)

-fo contribute to the reduction

of

emission levels

in

the host Party, which

rvill

benefrt from mitjgation activities resulting

in

emission reductions that can also be used by another

Pa y

to

fulfil

its nationally deternrined contributlon;

and

(d)

To deliver an overall mitigation in global emissions.

-5.

_{Emission reductions rcsulting from the mcchanism referred to in paragraph}

4

of

this Articte shall not be used to demonstrate u"rri.u.rn"rri

of

rne

iiost]aif,s

nationally

determined contriburion

if

_used

by

unoth".

puny

to

_dcmonstratc

achievement _{of its nationally detemined contrib;tion.}

6.

The Conference

of

_{the parties serving as the meeting}

of

_{thc parties to} this Agreement shall cnsure that

a

share

of

thi

proceeds

froir

_{activitjes under the} mechanism _{referred to in} paragraph 4 ol this Article

i,

u."d io cover administrativc expenses as

well

as

to

Bssist developing country parties

that

_{arc particularly} vulnerable to the adverse effects _{of climatc-chuog" to}

,".itha

_{.osts ofadaptation.}

7.

The Conference

ol

_{the parties serving as thc meeting}

of

_{the purties ro} this Agreemenr shall adopt rules, moda.lities and procedures _for t"he mechanism referred to in paragaph 4 of this.Article at its lirst sessior.

8.

Parties recognize

the

importance

of

intcgrated,

holistic

and

balanced

non-market approaches _being available to parties tJassist in the ilnplementation

of

their nationally determined contributions, .in _{thc context of}

susiainabie development and poverty eradication, in a coordinaled and effective manner, including thiough, intcr..

alia,

mitigBtion, adaptation, finance, technology transfer

*d

-capaciiy_

bui.lding, as appropriatc. Thcse _{approachcs shall aim to:} (a) Promote mitigation and adaptation anlbition;

-

(b)

..

Flnhtnce public and private sector participalion in thc implementation oI nationally delermined contribuiions; and

.

(:)

_ Enable opportunities for coordination across insffuments and rclevant lnstrtuttonal arrangcments.

9.

A

framework

for

non-market approaches

to

sustaiDable development hercby defined to promote the non-market approaches _{referred ro in} paragraph g

this Article.

-E-is

Artlclc

7

l.

_{.Parties hereby} establish the global goal on adaptation of enhancing adaptive capacily,. strengthening resilience and reducing vulnerability

to

clima6

change,

rvith a view to contributing to sustainable _{developmcnt and cnsuring uo adeqrite} adaptation rosponse i[r tbc coutext of the tEmperature goal referred to in Article 2. 2.

_

Parties recognizc that adaptation is a global challenge faced by all with local, subnational, narional, rcgional and international dimensi,ons, and ihat

it

is

a key component ofand makes a contibution to the long-term global response to climate change

to

_{pro(ect pcople, livelihoods and ecosystems, taking}

into

_{account the}

urgent

and

immediate needs

of

those developing

country parties

that

are

particularly vuherable to the adverse etl'ects of climate change.

3.

The adaptation efforts of developing counrry parties shall be rccognizcd, in accordance

with

the modalities

to

be adopted by the Conference

of

the parties serving as the meeting ofthe Parties to this Agreement at its first session.

4.

Parties recognize that the cuffent need for adaptation is significant and that greater levels

of

rnitigation can reduce the need

for

additional adaptation efforts,

and thal greater adaptation necds can involve greater adaptation costs.

5.

Parties acknov/edge tllat adaptal.ion action should follow. a country-drivcn, gender-responsiyo, participetory

and

fully

transparcnt approach,

taking

in(o considcration vulnerable groups, communitics and ecosystcms, and should bc based on and guided by the bcst availablc scicnce and, as appropriate, traditional knowledge. knowledge of indigcnous peoples and )ocal knowledge systems, with a

view

to

integrating adaptation iDto rclevant. socioeconomic and environmental policies and actions, where appropriate.

6.

Parties recognize the irnportance of support tbr and interuational cooperation

on

adaptarion efforts and

the

importance

of

taking

into

account

thc

needs

of

developing country Parties, especially those that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change.

7.

PBrties

should

strcngthen

their

cooperation

on

enhancing

action

on

adaptation, taking into account the Cancun Adaptation Framework, including with regard to:

-9-(a)

Sluring information, good practices,

including,

as

appropriate,

as

these

.ilate

to implcmcntation in r€lation to adaptation actions;

,

(b)

Strengthening institutional arrangements, including those undcr the

Convention

that sene thjs

Agreement,

to

support

the

synthesis

of

relevant information and knowledge, and the provision of technical suiport and guidance to Partics;

(c)

Strengthening scienti{ic knowlcdge

on

climate, including research,

systemalic observation

of

the climate systcm and early *,aming systems,

in

a manncr that informs climatc sen ices and suppons decision-making;

(d)

Assisting

developing

country parries

iD

idontifying

effective adaptation practices, adaptation nceds, priorities, support provided and received for

adaptatiou actions and efforts, and chaltengcs and gaps, in a manncr consistcnt with enc<luraging g<lod practices; and

experiences and lessons leamcd science,

plalning,

poticies

ani

(e) Improving the eflectiveness and durability of adaptation actions.

8.

Unitcd _{Nations spccialized organizations and agetrcies are encouraged to}

support thc cffrlrts of Partiss to implement the actions referred to in paragraph 7

of

this Article, taking into account the provisions ofparagraph 5 ofthis Articlc.

9.

Each Party shall, as appropriate, engage

in

adaptation planning processes and the implenentation

of

act"ions, including the development or enhancement

of

relevant plans, policies and/or corrrributions, which may include:

(a)

Thc implcmentation of adaptation actlons, undenakings and/or effortsl

(b)

The process to formulate aud implement national adaptation plans;

(.c)

The assessmenr

of

_{climate changc impacts and vulnerabi'liry}

with

_a

yiew to foflnulating nationally derermined _{prioritized actions, taking into account} vulnerable people, placcs and ccosystemsi

(d)

Monitoring

and

evaluaring

and

learning

from

adaptation plans,

policies, programmes and actions; and

-(e)

Building

the resil.ience

of

sociooconomic

alld

ecological systcms,

including tlrrough economic divcrsihcation una

rurt"io.tr.iui"g"r.o,

_{of natural} resources.

10.

Each Parry should, as

. appropriate, submir

and

update p€riodically an

adaptation communication, whicli-rnay inciuOe its

prioritiei,

imptementarion anO

supporl nseds, plans and actions, without creating

any

adJitionar burden for

developing country Parties.

1.1.__

_The adaptation communication refened

to in

par.agraph

I0 of

_{this Article} shall be, as appropriate, submitted _{and updatcd}

p".iodiJiy,'u"

_{u componcnr of}

or

in

conjunction

with

other communications

o.'ao""-"nili

ictuding

a

_national adaptation

-plan, .a nationally determined contribution as refened

to

in

Afiicle

4, paragraph 2, and/or a national communication.

l?.

The adaptation conrrnunications _{referred to}

in

_paragraph

l0

of

_{this Article} shall be recorded in a public registry maintained Uy ttre

sccrl#iat.

I3.

Continuous

and

_{enhanced international support}

shall

be

_provided

to

developing country parties for the _{implementation ofparagrafhs 7, 9,}

l0

_and

ll

of

this Artiole, in accordance _with the provisions _ofArticles

9i0'and

_f

f.

I4.

-lhe _global

stocktake referred ro in Article t4 shall, inter alia:

(a)

Recognize adaptation _{efforts ofdeveloping country} parties;

^,

, (b)

.,

Enhance the implcmentation

of

adaptation _{action talcing into account} the adaptation communication referred to in paragraph

l0

_ofthis

Artiilc;

,.(c)^

Review the adcquaoy and effectiveness

of

adapration end support provided for adaptation; and

(d)

Review the overall

-progress made

in

achieving the global goal on adaptation referred to in paragraph

I

_of this Anicle.

l1-Article

8

l:,

,,t1"i"r

recognize.the.importauce ofavcning, minimizing and addressing Ioss

and damage associated

with

the adverse effects

of

climarc change, incl"uding

cxtreme rveather events and

slow

onset events, and

the

rolc

oi

sustainabli development in reducing the _{risk of Ioss and damage.}

2.

The Warsaw Internalional Mechanisrn for Loss and Damage associated with

Clim'te

Change Impacts shall be subject

to

rhe authority antl- guidance

of

the Conference

of

the Parties serving as th€ meeting

of

the paities to-this Agreement and may be enhanced and strenglhened, as determincd by thc Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the padies to this Agreemlnt.

3.

Parties should enhance Lurderstanding, _{action and support, including tlfough}

lhe

Warsarv International Mcchrinism,

as

appropriate,

-on

a

_cooperative and

facilitative basis

with

respect

to

loss and damage associated

with

the adverse effects of climale change.

4.

Accordingly, areas of coopcration and facilitation to enhance understanding, action and support may include:

Early warning systems; Emergency preparedness;

(c)

Slow onset events;

(d)

Events tl.)at may involve irreversible and permanent loss and damage;

(e)

Comprehensive _{risk assessment and managcmont;}

(f)

Risk

insurancc _{facilitics, climatc}

risk

_{pooling and other insurance} s0lutions;

Non-economic losses; and

Resilience of. communities, livelihoods and ecosystenrs. (a)

(b)

(c)

(h)

-12-5.

The warsaw lnternational Mechanism shall colraborBte with existing bodics and expert groups under the Agreemetrt, as

well

as relevant organizati-ons and expert bodies outside the Agreement.

Article

9

1.

Dcveloped

country

Parties

shall

provide

financial

resources

to

assist

developing country Parties

with

respect

to

both mitigarion and adaptarion in

continuation of their existing obligations under the Convention.

2.

Other Parties are encouraged to proyide or continue to provide such support voluatarily.

3.

As part of a global eflbrt, dcveloped counhy parties should continue to take the lead

in

mobilizing climate finance tiom a rvide variety of sources, instruments and ohannels, noting the significant role

of

public .funds, through a variety

of

actions, including supporthg country-driven strategies, and taking into accouni the needs and priorities

of

_{developing country parties. SuGh mobiuzation}

of

_olimate

Iinance should represent a progression beyond _{previous efforts.}

4.

The provision

of

scaled-up financial resources shoukl

aim

to

achieve a

balance between adaptation and mitigation, taking

into

acoount oountry-driven strategies, and the prioritics and nceds

of

developing country parties, especially those that are particular$r vulnerable to the adverse effects of clima(e change and

have significant _{capaciiy constraints, such as the least developed coultries and} small island developing Slates, considering thc necd

for

public and grant-based resources for adaptation.

5.

Developed

country

Parties

shall

biennially

communicate indicative quantitative and qualitativc information related

to

paragraphs

I

and

3 of

this

Article, as applicable, including, as available, projected levels

of

public financial rcsources

to

bc provided

to

developing country parties. Other partics providing resources

arc

encouraged

to

communicate biennially such information

oI]

a

voluntary basis.

6,

The global stocktake referred

to

in

Article

14 shall take into account the

relevant information provided

by

devetoped country parties and,/or Agreement bodies on efforts related to climate finance,

-13-I "

Devetoped

country

parties

shall provide

_transparent

and

consistcnl information

on

support

for

_{developing country partics p-ro";A"a and mobilizcd}

through

public

intcrventions

biennially

in

_accordancc

rvith

the

_modalities,

procedures and _{guidclines to be adopted by the Confcrence of thc partiss}

s"*ing

as

the meeting

of

the Parties

to

tl

s _{Agreement, at}

its first

,".rion,

u,

_{stipulated in}

Article 13, paragraph _{13. Other} partiei _{are encouraged,"}

ao.*.

8.

The Financial Mechanism of the _{Convention, including its opcrating entities,}

shall serve as the financjal mechaaism ofthis

Agrecmcnt.

-|

*.

me.ilsJi_tutions scrving this Agreement, including the operating entities

of

the _{Financial Mechanism of thc Convcntion, shall aim}

to-"nrrr"

_eflicient

access to tinancial resources _{through simptificd approvar procedures and enianced}

readiness

support

for

developing coultry

.parties,

in

particular

lor the

least developed countries and small island developing Statej,

in

the context

of

their national climate strategies and plans.

Article

10

l.

_

Parties share

a

long-term

vision

on the

importance

of

fully

realizing tcchnology development ancl transfcr

in

ordcr 1o improve rcsilicnce

to

climatc change and to rcduce greenhouse gas emissions.

2..

.

Parties,. noting

the

importBnce

of

techuology

for the

implementation

of

mitigation and adaptation actions

ulder

_{this Agreernent and recognizing existing}

lechnology deploynient and dissemination efforts,

shall

strengt[en co-operativ! action on technology devclopment and kansfcr.

3.

The Teclurology Mechanism established _{under the Convention shall} serve dris Agreemenl.

4.

.

_

A

technology framework

is

hereby establishe<l

to

provide overarching

guidance to the rvork of _{the Tochnology Mechanism in promoting and facilitatin[}

cuhanced action on technology dcvelopment and lranstbr

in ordir to

support

th;

implementatiolr of this Agreemeni, in pursuit of the _{long-rerm vision rcfcrrcd to in} paragraph

I

_{of this Article.}

-14-5r-

_{.Accelerating,} encouraging

and

enabling

innovation

is

critical

for

an

effective, long-term g.lobal rcsponse

lo

climate cltange and promoting econ<lmic

grouth and

sustainable dovelopment. Such

effort

shall

'be,

as

appropriate, supportcd. including by the Technology Meclranism and, through

tinurrii"l

*eans,

by

the Financial Mechanism

of

the Convention,

for

collaborative approaches to research _{and development, and facilitating access to technology,}

in iarticular

_for early stages of the technology cycle, to developing counuy parta;s.

6.

Support, including financial support, shall bo provided to developing corutry

Parties

for

thc

implementfltion

of

this Article,

including

for

sirengthening cooperative action on technology devolopmcnt and transfcr at different stages

of

the tochnology cycle,

with

a vie',rr'

to

achieving a balancc bctwccn support for ,nitigation and adaptation. The global stocktake referred to in

Article

l4

stiall take

into

account available information

on

eff<rrts related

to

support on technology development and transfer for developing country Parties.

Article

ll

I.

Capacity-building under this Agreement should enhance the capacity and

ability ofi devcloping country Purtics, in particular countries rvith thc tcast capacity, such as the least dcvelopcd countries, and those that arc particularly vulncrable to the adverse effects

of

climate change, such as small island developing States, to take effcctivc climate change action, including, inter alia, to implement adaptarjon

and

mitigation acrions,

and

should facilitate

technology

development, dissemination and dcployment, access

to

clinate

financc, rclcvant aspects

of

cducation,

raining

and public owarencss, and thc transparcnt, timcly and accurate

communication of information.

2.

Capacity-building should be country-drivcn, bascd

on

and responsive to

national needs,

and lbstcr counry

owncrship

of

Parties,

in

particular, for

developing country Parties, including at the national, subnational and local levels. Capacity-building should

be

guided

by

lcssons learned, including rhose from capacity-building activities under the Convention, and should

be an

e{lbctive, iterative process that is particiPatory, cross-cutting and gcnder-responsive.

3.

All

Parties should cooperate to enhance tlte capacjty of developing country Parties

to

implement this Agreement. Developcd country parties should enhance support for capacity-building actions in developing country parties.

-4. All

Patties

enhancing

the

capacity

of

developing

country

parti€s to implement this Agreement, including through regional,

-biliteral

ani

murdlateral approaches, _{shall regularly} communicate on these ictions or measures on capacity-building, Developing country Parties should regularly communicate progre.i made

on

irnplementing capaoily-building

plaas,

policiis,

aotions

or

measures ro

implement this A.greement.

5.

Capacity-building

activities

shall

bc

enhanccd

through

appropriate instit_utional arrangernents

to

support

the

implementation

of

this

Agreement,

including

the

appropriate _{insLitutionat arrangements established}

u;der

_thc

Convention that serve _{this Agreement. The Confereuce of thc parties scrving as the}

meeting

of

the Parties

to

this Agreement shall, at

its first

6es6ion, consirler and adopt a decision on tbe initial institurional arangements for capacity-buikling.

Article

12

_

Partics shall cooperate in taking measures, as appropriate, to onhance climate changc cducation, uaining, public

atr

eness, _{public fartiCipation} aud public access

to information, recognizing the importance ofthese steps with respect to enhancing actions undcr this AgreomcnL.

Article

l3

I.

In

order

to

build

mutual trust and confidence and

to

promote effective implementation,

al

enhanced transparenoy framework for action and support, wiih built.in

flexibility

which takes into account Parties, different capacities and builds upon collective experience is hereby established.

2.

Thc tra,lsparency framework shall provide

flexibility

in the implementation

of the provisions oflthis Articlc to ttrose developing country parties that need it in the light of their capacities. The modalities, plocedures and guidelines refered to in paragraph

l3

ofthis Article shall reflect such flexibility.

3.

'the

_{transparency framework shall}

buili

_{on and cnhaice the lransparency}

arrangcments _{under the Convention, recognizing the spccial oircumstancei of the} least devcloped countries and small island developilg States, and be implemented

irr

a

facilitative,

uon-intrusive, non-punitivc rranner, respectfut

oi

nationat sovercigntv, and avoid placing undue burden on paitics.

16-4.

Thc _{transparency arrangcmcnts under the Convention, including}

nafional communications,

biennial

reports

and

biennial upaate

ieports,

international

assessment and rcvierv and _{international consultation and analysis, shall}

to*

p"il

of

the _{€xperience drawn upon fo-r thc. devclopment}

of

_the

;;dalities,

procedures and guidelines under paragraph

l3

_of this Articte.

5,

The purposc

ofthe

_{framework for transparency ofaction is}

to provide a clear undcrstanding

of

climate change action

in fte

ilgtrt

of

the

ob