TASK DESIGN OF “LEADING IN ENGLISH” IN CANDLINPERSPECTIVE (1987): TASK ANALYSIS
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by:
WAHYU PURNANINGTYAS A 320100144
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
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APPROVAL
TASK DESIGN OF “LEADING IN ENGLISH” IN CANDLINPERSPECTIVE (1987): TASK ANALYSIS
RESEARCH PAPER
by
WAHYU PURNANINGTYAS A 320 100 144
Approved to be Examined by Consultant
Consultant I Consultant II
Prof. Dr. Endang Fauziati, M. Hum NurHidayat,S.Pd
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ACCEPTANCE
TASK DESIGN OF “LEADING IN ENGLISH” IN CANDLINPERSPECTIVE (1987): TASK ANALYSIS
Accepted and Approved by Board of Examiner School of Teacher Training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta on
February 5th, 2014
Team of Examiners:
1. Prof. Dr. Endang Fauziati, M. Hum ( ) (Chair Person)
2. Nur Hidayat, S. Pd ( )
(Member I)
3. Drs. H. Maryadi, MA. ( )
(Member II)
Dean,
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TESTIMONY
Herewith, I testify that in writing research paper, many powers, spirit,
motivation, concentration, and seriousness are needed. It is impossible to finish
this final subject in the process of getting bachelor degree without reading up and
doing intensively. Looking for some references, consultation, and analyses are
some ways to finish this research. There is no perfect fit in every writing research.
Hence, if it is proven that there are some untrue statements in this research
paper; hence I will be fully responsible.
Surakarta, 27 February 2014
The Writer
Wahyu Purnaningtyas
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MOTTO
“Dream it, Plan for it, Work for it, Never give up and You
will always Successful in your Dreams” (Dr. Rajesh M.
Buddhadev)
Motivasilah mereka, maka dirimu akan termotivasi
oleh-Nya.
Tak ada yang sia-sia di dunia ini, sekecil apapun, ia pasti
memiliki manfaat.
Everything needs a process. Just enjoy it!
There are no boundaries in a patient.
Always think Positive!
Thankful in every time!
Always try to do the best to get the best!
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DEDICATION
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullaahi Wabarakaatuh.
Alhamdulillahi Rabbil ‘alamiin,all praises just for Allah SWT, the Lord of the
universe, the One who sent the Messenger Muhammad SAW to guide human to
safest religion, Islam. Thanks for blessing her in finishing her research paper
entitled “Task Design of “Leading in English” In CandlinPerspective (1987): Task Analysis.” She also would like to say thank for Muhammad Prophet, a glory person who gives his blessing to his masses in the next day, peace be upon
him.
Thus, the writer would like to express her great gratitude and appreciation to:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, Dean of School of Teacher Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat,S. Pd, M. Hum., Ph. D, Head of English Department of School of Teacher Training and Education,
3. Prof. Dr. Endang Fauziati, M. Hum., the academic adviser and the first consultant, who has given great help, guidance, advice, and correction from the
beginning up to the completion of this research paper,
4. Nur Hidayat, S. Pd. as the second consultant who patiently gave his guidance and motivation,
5. Drs. H. Maryadi, MA.as the third examiner of this research paper.
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7. Her beloved mother and father, Kimi and M. Budi Supono, who always pray, love, care, give support and motivation, and have been a source of
inspiration. It wills not enough to reveal all of their sacrifice. May Allah SWT
always love them,
8. Her lovely brother, Agus Purwo Nugroho and sister-in-law, Sri Mulyantiwho
always support and motivate her,
9. Her truly friendship, Vita Wulandari, Luthfi Yulidar, Indah Susilasari and Dewita Nur Azizah who always support and advice her in accomplishing this research paper,
10. Her beloved family in Kosta Zam-Zam I, mbak Rifa who always remind her to finish this research paper, Yuyun, Eva, mbak Siti, Ayudha, Lely, Umay, Riska, Titik, Risyda, Eva II, Heni, Diana, mbak Fitri, Nining, Tri, thanks for everything,
11. Her cheerful friends in D class of English Education Department ’10,
12. Her friend in PPL SMP Al-Islam 1 Surakarta and lovely students, thanks
for your support and motivation,
13. All of her families, friends, and teachers that cannot be mentioned one by
one,
Last but not least, the writer realizes that this research paper is still far from
being perfect. Therefore, suggestion and positive criticism are hoped and needed
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The writer hopes that this research paper can contribute to useful reading for
the esteemed readers.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warahmatullaahi Wabarakaatuh.
Surakarta, February 2014
The Writer,
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TABLE OF CONTENT ...x
SUMMARY ...xiii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION A.Background of the Study ...1
B.Limitation of the Study ...7
C.Problem Statement ...7
D.Objective of the Study ...8
E. Benefit of the Study ...9
F. Research Paper Organization ...10
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE A.Previous Study ...11
B.Underlying Theory ...17
1. Material Development ...18
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b. Model ...18
2. Task ...19
a. Notion ...19
b. Component of Task ...21
c. Tasks Model ...24
d. Criteria of Good Task ...29
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD A.Type of the Study ...54
B.Data and Data Source ...54
C.Data Collection Technique...54
D.Data Analysis Technique ...55
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION A.Research Finding 1. Task Design to Promote Attention to Meaning, Purpose and Negotiation ... 58
2. Task Design to Draw Objectives from the Communicative Needs of Learners ... 70
3. Task Design to Allow for Different Solutions Depending on Skills and Strategies Drawn on by Learner………. ... 76
4. Task Design to Involve Learner Contributions, Attitudes, and Affects ... 82
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6. Task Design to Involve Language Use in Solving of the Task ... 97
7. Task Design to be Challenging but not Threatening, to Promote Risk
Taking ... 105
8. Task Design to Provide Opportunities to Language Practice ... 116
B.Discussion………...…123
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATION AND
SUGGESTION
A.Conclusion ...128
B.Pedagogical Implication ...129
C.Suggestion ...131
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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SUMMARY
Wahyu Purnaningtyas. A 320 100 144. TASK DESIGN OF “LEADING IN ENGLISH” IN CANDLINPERSPECTIVE (1987): TASK ANALYSIS. Research Paper.Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 2014.
This study focuses on task design in a workbook entitled ‘Leading in English’ based on Candlin Perspective (1987). This study is aimed at describing how the tasks in the workbook entitled ‘Leading in English’ are designed based on the eight criteria suggested by Candlin (1987).
This is a descriptive qualitative research. The data are taken from the tasks in the workbook. To collect the data, the writer uses documentary method. The data were analyzed by reading, typing, and coding the tasks; analyze the tasks based on Candlin’s criteria; finding the tasks that are not appropriate with Candlin’s criteria; matching the tasks with tasks model by Jane and Dave Willis; giving the percentage of the total tasks whether it is appropriate or not based on Candlin’s criteria and judging whether the tasks are good or not according to Candlin’s perspective.
Based on the research finding, the results shows that the tasks in the workbook designed based on the eighth criteria by Candlin include completion, translation, matching, group discussion, statements and dialogues, role playing, oral interview, understanding talk and teacher, formation, language games, multiple choice, comprehension, cursory reading, constructing sentences, controlled writing, dictation, simple question, composition, short talk, and punctuation task.
Keyword: task design, task model, criteria of good task.
Surakarta, 27 Februari 2014
Consultant I Consultant II
Prof. Dr. Endang Fauziati, M. Hum Nur Hidayat, S. Pd
Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty
