Modul Bahasa Inggris

MODUL PEMBELAJARAN

Bimbingan belajar

NEWTONSIX

(belajar jadi lebih asyik)

BAHASA INGGRIS

KATA PENGANTAR

(Dari manajemen NS)

Sebelumnya kita ucapkan selamat untuk teman-teman yang sudah lulus sma, tak terasa tiga

tahun sudah perjuangan di sma telah berlalu dan tentunya meninggalkan kesan yang mendalam

- Yakinkan dirimu belajar bahasa inggris tu mudah dan asyik..

- Kalau udah mentok belajar sructure mending hafalin rumus aja

- untuk soal cerita, cari kalimat utamanya dulu bisa di awal, di tengah dan di akhir paragraf

(soal yang ditanya biasanya berhubungan denga kalimat utamanya)

- soal2 yang di ujikan dalam usm stan Cuma 3 jenis aja kok structure, eror recognition, dan

reading, dan masih ada kemungkinan soal vocab keluar.. Cuma itu saja kok jadi gag usah

berfikir terlalu berat..

- ulangi terus dan ulangi terus

- perbayak latihan soal

……… sebelum di print tambahin sesuai ide kalian

DAFTAR ISI

- Structure and written expression

a) T enses b) Causative c) Passive Voice d) Modals

e) Gerund and to Infinitive f) Agreement/Concord g) C lauses

h) Conditional Clause (IF) i) Parallel Structure

j) Direct and Indirect sentence (reported speech) k) Wish, as if/as though, would rather

l) Phrasal Verbs

m) Countable and Uncountable Nouns n) Conjunctions

o) Parallel Verbs

- Error recognition

STRUCTUR AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION

CHAPTER I T E N S E S A. PRESENT TENSE

SIMPLE PRESENT

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang merupakan : - Habitual action ( kebiasaan )

- General truth ( kebenaran umum )

Adverb of time : everyday, once, twice, three times, etc

Adverb of frequency : always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, etc E.g. :

 Istia asri parinda goes to campus everyday.

 She always wear a green cloth at campus three times a week.  The sun rises (general truth).

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang sedang berlangsung pada masa sekarang.

Adverb of time : now, right now, at this time, at this moment E.g.:

 Istia is dancing salsa right now.

 The boys is renovating they room at this time. PRESENT PERFECT

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang sudah selesai pada masa sekarang (hasil masih terlihat/ terasa).

Biasanya diikuti oleh : yet, already, just E.g.:

 I have already swept the floor  He has just moved to another country PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Rumus : S + V1

Rumus : S + is/am/are + V

ING

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang telah berlangsung beberapa lama dan terus berlangsung sampai sekarang.

Adverb of time : for three months, since yesterday, all these years, etc E.g.:

 It has been raining since last week.

 The gangga’s boy and Parinda have been playing uno for an hour. B. PAST TENSE

SIMPLE PAST

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang terjadi pada masa lampau.

Adverb of time : yesterday, last night, twenty hours ago, just now E.g.:

 They went to Medan last week  I visited my father yesterday PAST CONTINUOS

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang sedang berlangsung pada waktu tertentu pada maa lampau.

Adverb of time : at 10 last night, at this time yesterday, when + S + V2 , While + S + was/were + VING , etc

E.g.:

 She was watching a movie at 11 last night  She was waiting him when he came

 They were studying English while he was eating PAST PERFECT

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian telah selesai ketika kejadian lain terjadi.

Bisa diikuti oleh : already, just Pemakaian :

 S + had + V3 before S + V2

 After S + had + V3 , S + V2

 S + had + V when S + V (atau) S + V when S + had + V

Rumus : S + have/has + been + V

3

Rumus : S + V

2

Rumus : S + was/were + V

ING

E.g.:

 Fika had already swept the floor before her mother came home.  After Adit had had dinner, he went to bed.

PAST PERFECT CONTINOUS

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang sudah berlangsung beberapa lama tetapi masih terus berlangsung ketika kejadian lain terjadi dimasa lampau.

Pemakaiannya :

 Before + S + V2 , S + had + been + VING for…

 When + S + V2 , S + had + been + VING for…

 After + S + had + been + VING, S + V2 for…

Catatan : Harus diikuti oleh for E.g.:

 My little brother had been playing football for half an hour when I came by. C. FUTURE TENSE

SIMPLE FUTURE

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang akan dilakukan pada masa yang akan datang.

Adverb of time : tonight, tomorrow, soon, next week, etc E.g.:

 Istia will go abroad next week.

 My grandpa will recover from his illness soon.

PRESENT FUTURE CONTINUOUS

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang akan sedang dilakukan pada waktu tertentu dimasa yang akan datang.

Adverb of time : at 9 tonight, at this time, next week, etc E.g.:

 She will be swimming in the lake at 3 tomorrow.  He will be teaching at this time next month.

Rumus : S + had + been + V

ING

Rumus : S + will/shall + V

1

PRESENT FUTURE PERFECT

Menyatakan kegiatan yang akan sudah selesai terjadi dimasa akan datang.

Adverb of time :

- By next week, by next July - By the end of this year

- By the time + S + V1 / Vs/es + O/C

E.g.:

 They will have sent the letter, by the time you remind them.

PRESENT FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang telah akan berlangsung beberapa lama dan terus berlangsung sampai masa yang akan datang.

Adverb of time : by tomorrow, by the end of this month, by the time, etc Catatan : harus diikuti oleh for

E.g.:

 By next week, he will have been living here for five years.

 Aditya will have been teaching English for four months by the end of this week. Contoh Soal :

1. All of my life...in the library.

a. Is spent c. Spending

b. Are spending d. Has spending

2. I sterted school when i was five years old. I ... a student for seventeen years now.

a. Am c. Have been

b. Am being d. Am to be

3. Istia...Indonesia before he came to Jakarta to study in the international student program. a. Has never visited c. Would never visited

b. Never visited d. Had never visited 4. I have(A) spent(B) three weeks(C) in Germany last July.

5. Tony is going to return to Medan as soon as he...his university diploma’s degree. a. Gets c. Would get

b. Will get d. Got 6. When ... the conference?

a. The Director attended c. The Director will attend b. Did the Director attend d. The Director’s attendance

Rumus : S + will/shall + have + V

3

a. There are a there have c. Are there

b. There have d. Have there

8. At this moment, the government...the military operation in Aceh. a. Legalizes c. Has legalizes

b. Is legalizes d. Has been legalizes

“ If better is possible, good is not enough”

CHAPTER II CAUSATIVE 1. Active

a.Infinitive Without to b. Infinitive with to

has get

have order

S + make + object + V1 S + want + object+ to V1

Let command

Help

Example : 1. Erwin has Hasan cut his hair

2. SBY get Hidayat Nur Wahid to copy the text 2. Passive

has get

Have order

S + Make want + Object + V3

Let command

Help

Example: Emak has Bajuri kicked by Oneng Notes: 1. make : memaksa

2. have : meminta

3. get : membujuk Questions:

1. Mr. Jusuf Kalla have the commission of general ellection( KPU) ________the result of general ellection quickly.

A. To process C. processed

B. Process D. Processing

2. Mr. Endarto had his student__________their valuation report before August.

A. finish C. They finished

B. to finish D. Finished

3. The Minister of finanance, Mrs.Sri mulyani, get all of STAN graduations _____well.

A. To work C. working

B. Will work D. Is worked

4. Computer has the CPU __________the data.

A. Transfered C. It transfered

5. My darling has all of our memories________for her. A. Will be cancel C. cancelled

B. To cancel D.Be cancelled

6. AA : ‘What is your plan to make this computer run?’ WW: ‘I______________’

A. Will have repaired it C. Will have it repaired B. Have repaired it D. will have been being repaired 7. X : “Why didn’t you come yesterday?”

Y : “I ‘m sorry, I didn’t get the sms, my cellphone wasn’t working yesterday.” X : “Have you taken it to the service center___________”

A. They will have check it for you C. They have to check it B. To have it checked D. To have to check it 8. “Your dress is too short, Ani, you must have it___________”

A. Length C. Lengthened

B. Long D. Lengthen

9. “If you don’t love me anymore, dear I’ll get you______away to Mimika”

A. To takes C. to take

B. To be taken D. taken

10. My sister and I do not have time to clean this room, we ______for us. A. Must have done it for someone C. must have someone done it B. Must have to do it D. must have someone do it 11. She got her brother _______the toy for her birthday yesterday.

A. Brought C. brings

CHAPTER III PASSIVE VOICE

Bentuk kalimat dimana subjek atau pokok kalimatnya dikenai suatu tindakan. S + be + V3 (past participle)

(be)I :am, is, are

(be)II : was, were

(be)III : been

(be)ing : being

(be)inf : be

TENSES ACTIVE PASSIVE

1. Simple Present S + Verb1(s/es) + O S+am,is,are+VerbIII

2. Simple Past S+verbII S+was/were+VerbIII

I3. Present Continous S+am,is,are+Ving S+am,is,are+being+ VIII

4. Past Continous S+was/were+Ving S+was/were+being+ VIII

5. Present Perfect S+has/have+VIII S+has/have+been+ VIII

6. Past Perfect S+had+ VIII S+had +been+ VIII

7. Simple Future S+shall/will+V1 S+shall/will+be+ VIII

8. Future Perfect S+will+have+ VIII S+will+have+been+ VIII

9. Past Future S+would+ V1 S+would+be+ VIII

10. Past Future Perfect S+should/would+have+ VIII S+should/would+have+ been+VIII

11. Modals Aux. S+modal+ V1 S+modal+be+ VIII

Questions:

1. All the books in the library______by the minister of Finance last year. A. Were given C. has given

B. gave D. give

2. ‘have you posted the mail?’ ‘Not yet sir, it _____at five ‘oclock.’

A. Will posted C.posts

B. Will post D. will be posted

3. ‘What should ________to be accepted as the collegian of state acountancy college?.’

A. To be done C. being done

B. Be done D.been done

4. It’s no use expecting an answer today, as your proposal_______by his mother. A.had not yet been receive C. will not have been received yet B. is not receive yet D. will receive

5. ‘Jones : ‘Why doesn’t she accept the job?’ Michle : ___________________________

B. Because she doesn’t offer it D. Because she hasn’t offered it

6. If you_________ in the STAN enterance test, there will be many alternative to choose. A. are not accepted C. accepted

B. do not accept D. was accept

7. Ustman Bin Affan ,one of disciples of our prophet Muhamad SAW, ____ by God to enter the heaven.

A. have quaranteed C. is quarenteed

B. quaranteed D. was quarenting

8. I became quite nervous when I knew that I would be _______by Mr. Kusman Aji.

A. Was interviewing C. interviewed

B. Interview D. interviewing

9. The tower of Telkomsel ________when the earth quake happened

A. was built C. is to built

B.are building D. was being built

10. ‘who will represent our school to join the mathematic olympiad ?’ ‘I don’t know yet, they _______by our head master.’

A. Still selecting C. are still being selected B. Still be selected D.. are still selecting

CHAPTER IV MODALS

Modals adalah kata kerja bantu yang memberikan arti tambahandan harus diikuti dengan kata kerja bentuk

dasar(Vinf) yang terdiri dari: Shall, should, will, would, can, could, may, might, must, ought to, need, dare, used to.

MODAL + VERB 1

1. Can/could/may/might

 Menyatakan suatu kemungkinan suatu peristiwa. Eg: It might rain tomorrow

2. Should

 Menyatakan suatu anjuran/ saran Eg: You should study hard to pass USM STAN

 Menyatakan arti seharusnya dalam bentuk present Eg: As agood moslem, We should obey our parents 3. Must

 Keharusan mutlak

you must work at department of finance to be rich young man.  Kesimpulan logis

Andi bought new car, He must be rich. MODAL PERFECT

S + Modals + Have + VIII + Object

1. Could have + VIII

Menyatakan suatu yang sebenarnya kejadian yang bisa terjadi diwaktu lampau namun tidak terjadi 2. Might have+ V III

Menyatakan suatu kemungkinan dari suatu kejadian yang telah terjadi di waktu lampau. 3. Should have + VIII

Menyatakan suatu kejadian yang sehausnya terjadi di waktulampau namun tidak terjadi. 4. Mut have + VIII

Menyatakan kesimpulan logis dari kejadian masa lalu. Questions:

1. Narjik was absent two days. He____sick.

A. Could be C. might have been

B. will D. should

2. He told me about the history of this village He_______here for along time

A. must have lived C. would have lived B. should be living D. ought to have lived 3. There is a bird in a locked room. It _____down the chimney.

A. might have come C. should have come B. would have come D. should come 4. Bedu passed the exams with flying colour.

She ____hard for it

B. should have studied D.should study

5. Miing is the best student in my class. I saw she living his house, but he missed the exam.She____an accident.

A. Should have C. must have had

B. Must have D. should have had

6. All of students of Newton Six supposed to be here at 07.00 p.m They_______about this meeting

A. Must have forgotten C. will forget B. May have forgotten D.must forget 7. It could be rain tomorrow.

It means that____rain tomorrow.

A. It should be C. may be it will

B. it must be D. it is necessary

8. She repaired her computer, but it became worse. She__________

A.should have it repaired C. ahould have it repaired B. must repaired it D. will repaire it

9. The pharmacist _______a record of prescriptions that are filled.

A. may keep C. can keep

B.could keep D. must keep

10. Oneng, together with his boy friend,is watching TV now,actually she ____be doing her homework.

A. might C. would

CHAPTER V

GERUND AND TO INFINITIFE 1.Gerund

Gerund adalah kata kerja yang berubah fungsi menjadi kata benda dengan cara penambahan ing setelah kata kerja. Gerund dapat berfungsi sebagai:

 Subjek  Object

 Predicate complement  Noun modifier

Adapun kata-kata yang harus diikuti oleh bentuk Gerund adalah:

Mind, avoid, keep, enjoy, finish, deny,permit, risk, admit, appreciate, image, dislike, consider, delay, detest, forbid, stop, forget, dan remember.hate, can’t help, can’t stand, prefer, neglect, practice, ,regret.

Apabila didahului oleh kata depan ( preposition) maka wajib di bentuk ke dalam Gerund.

Kata kata dibawah ini bisa diikuti oleh Gerund atau To Infinitife yaitu: remember, start, begin, love, like continue,hate, stop, forget

2. Infinitife

1. Sebagai subject

Example: To understand Cost Accountancy is not easy 2. Sebagai keterangan dari suatu kata benda

Example: I have something to do 3. Sebagai keterangan dari kata sifat

4. Example: English is easy to understand if we have great eager 5. Sebagai keterangan dari kata kerja

Example: They come to help you solve the problem 6. Sebagai keterangan dari “Wh-word”

Example: I don’t know how to make my mother happy Questions:

1. “ I heard you decided to buy a new book on Kwitang?

“Well, I considered________one because our lending book is not enough but I finally decided not to.

A to buy C. bought

B. wanted to buy D. Buying

2. “ I’m accustomed__________at 14.00 P.M. after coming back from my campus.” A. take a nap C. taking a nap

B. taken anap D. Took a nap

3. ‘I used to ________________in the morning to keep my health.’

A. walk C. To walk

B. walking D. Walked

4. ______English can brighten our future.

A. to study C.studied

B. studying D. More studied

5. Do you think your mother would object to__________your sister some money.

B.give D. be given 6. ‘ What your mother expect you?’

‘She expect me _____in his company.’

A. lead C. leading

B. is lead D. To lead

7. ‘what do you think about________the Carita Beach?’

A. goes C.to go

B. going D. Will go

8. ’Police stoped_______the person because the doer has been arrested.’ A. investigating. C. To investigate

B. investigate D. Investigated

9. I can’t stand seing his attitude. He always make his mother get angry with him.

A B C D

10. As a good moslem,we must avoid to consume drugs and drinkingalcohol.

CHAPTER VI AGREEMENT/CONCORD

Agreeement adalah penyesuaian antara subjek dengan kata kerjanya dalam suatu kalimat. A. Singular

1. Subject sebuah kalimat yang diawali dengan kata: every..much..,each of.., one of.

2. Subjek yang menyatakan jumlah,jarak, waktu, volume,uang. 3. Subject yang diikuti oleh kata benda abstrak/gerund

4. Apabila diikuti oleh ungkapan as well as, with, along with, together with, inaddition to,

accompanied by maka subjeknya berbentuk singular jika subjek pertamanya berbentuk tunggal(singular).

5. Kata a lot of, most, more, some, all, half bila diikuti oleh uncountable noun maka subjeknya berbentuk singular.

6. Either…,or….,neither…,nor…,dianggap singular bila noun keduanya berbentuk tunggal.

7. Kata yang selalu dianggap singular

Anybody somebody Nobody Anyone Someone Noone anything Something nothin

8. A number + plural noun plural

The number of+ plural noun singular B. Plural

1. The + Adjective

2. Both..,and..,membutuhkan kata kerja plural

3. Kata many, few,several membutuhkan kata kerja plural

4. Kata none,all, majority, half bila di ikuti kata benda jamak maka butuh kata kerja plural.

C. Kata hubung and menghubungkan pemakaian jenis dan bentuk kata yang sama seperti gerund dengan gerund, noun dengan noun

“Allah will not change people destiny until they change it by themselves”. (Arra’du : 11) Questions:

1. Many people_____ by a misterious virus which kills human only in five minutes. A. Has been infected C . have been infected

B. Had been infected D. has been being infected 2. Watching TV ______us become lazy person.

A. Makes C. Are making

B. Have made D.was making

3. Both Mr. Yusuf Kalla and Mrs. Megawati ______the candidate of the president of Republic of Indonesia.in the next ellection.

A. wants to become C. Has Wanted to become

4. The distance between Palembang and Indralaya _______32 kilometres.

A. Are C were

B. Is D. to be

5. Mr. James Que, accompanied by Mr. Andre Wongso and Mr.Brigie S,_______ a motivation tarining in JCC.

A. was holding C. Held B. were holding D. Have held

6. The majority of universities in Indonesia______scholar ship for their clever collegian .

A. Was given C. give

B. Has given D. is giving

7. All of poor students in my province________given the school’s uniforms by our governoor, Mr.Alex Noerdin last month..

A. Has been C. is

B. are D. were

8. ‘Have you checked where most of the Newton six students come from? All right,a half of them _____from Pondok Indah residence

A. Come C. comes

B. Was coming D. To come

9. Neither the children nor their parents has to take important

A B

rules to build an effective comunication.

C D

10. The number of murder cases in Indonesia have been increasing

A B C year by year . D Answers: 1. TENSES 1.B 6.C 2.A 7.D 3.A 8.A 4.A 9.B 5.B 10.A 2. CAUSATIVE 1.B 6.C 2.A 7.B 3.A 8.C 4.B 9.C 5.C 10.D 11.B 3. PASSIVE VOICE 1.A 6.A 2.D 7.C 3.B 8.C 4.C 9.D 5.A 10.C 4. MODALS 1.C 6.A 2.A 7.C 3.A 8.A 4.C 9.D 5C 10.B

5. GERUND AND TO INFINITIFE 1.D 6.D 2.C 7.B 3.A 8.A 4.B 9.B 5.A 10.C 6. AGREEMENT/CONCORD 1.C 6.C 2.A 7.D 3.B 8.A 4.B 9.A 5A 10.B

CHAPTER VII C L A U S E S

A. Adjective Clause

Jenis – jenis Relative Pronoun dapat dilihat pada tabel di bawah ini :

Subject Object Possesive

Person Who / That Whom / that Whose Thing Which / that Which / that Of which 1. Who Subject of person E.g.: - The girl is my sister

- She broke this door yesterday

 The girl who broke this door yesterday is my sister 2. Whom

Object of person

E.g.: - The man looked so tired - I saw him driving a car

 The man whom i saw driving a car looked so tired 3. Whose

Possesive of person and thing E.g.: - The boy looks hungry

- His shoes is green

 The boy whose shoes is green looks hungry 4. Which

Subject and object of thing E.g.: - The book is expensive

- I bouht it in the bookstore over there

 The book which i bought in the bookstore over there is expensive 5. Of which

Possesive of thing E.g.: - The car is old

- Its doors are broken

 The house, doors of which are broken, is old. (or) The House of which does broken, is old.

B. Adverbial Clause

Anak kalimat yang berfungsi sebagai kata keterangan. Jenis – jenis :

1. Adverb of Reason

E.g.: He forgot to lock the door because he as in hurry. 2. Adverb Clause of Result

Anak kalimat yang berfungsi untuk menyatakan hasil dari suatu pekerjaan. Kata : - so/hence/thus/therefore/consequnetly

- so + adj/adv + that (sangat...sehingga) - such + noun + that (...sehingga)

E.g.: He didn’t study hard; therefore, he didn’t pass the test 3. Adverb Clause of Purpose

Anak kalimat yang berfungsi untuk menerangkan tujuan dari suatu pekerjaan. Kata : so that, in order that, in order to + V1

E.g.:- The question is so difficult that i can’t answer it - This is such a difficult question that i can’t answer it 4. Adverb Clause of Contrast

Anak kalimat yang berfungsi untuk menunjukan pertentangan Kata : - although, eventhough

- however, nevertheless, whereas, still + S + P - on the other hand, but, yet

E.g.: - Although it rains heavily, he still goes out 5. Adverb Clause of Place

Anak kalimat yang berfungsi untuk menyatakan tempat. Kata : where, wherever

E.g.: This is the town where i was born 6. Adverb Cluse of Time

Anak kalimat yang berfungsi untuk menerangkan waktu. Kata : when, after, before, while, since

E.g.: It’s the week when i started to work here C. Noun Clause

Anak kalimat yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda dengan menggunakan: That, what, who, which + S + P

Where, when, why, whether Posisi :

1. Sebagai Subjek

Terletak di awal kalimat

E.g.: - What he has done admired everybody in his class room. - Whether he could pass the test will be announced next week. 2. Sebagai Objek

Terletak setelah kata kerja

E.g.: - Nobody knows why she has involved in the school fighting yesterday. - She realizes that she has lost her new green shoes.

3. Sebagai Pelengkap

Terletak disebelah to be atau berfungsi sebagai pelengap keterangan. E.g.: - That is what i want.

Contoh Soal :

1. She is so slow as she never gets to class on time.

a. Is c. As

b. So d. On

2. Don’t forget to register this week so you can vote in the election...

a. To register c. So

b. This week d. Can

3. I didn’t hear...because there was to much noise when i was sitting. a. What said c. What did he say

b. What he said d. What was he saying

4. Sumbawa is not quite fertile, ...it is very good for breeding cattle.

a. Since c. Yet

b. As d. For

5. The living room was ... tht i had to move to another room to continue my reading. a. Much noisy c. Too noisy

b. So noisy d. Very noisy

6. He never cheats in the classroom...he is considered naughty.

a. Although c. And

b. However d. Since

7. The people which cheated on the examination had to leave the room. a. The people c. Had to

b. Which d. Leave

8. Could you please tell me... a. Where is STAN secretariat? b. Where STAN secretariat? c. Where STAN secretariat is? d. Where did STAN secretariat?

M O D A L S

Modals adalah kata kerja bantu (auxulary verb) yang member tambahan arti pada kalimat. Fungsi modals:

A. Ability  menyatakan kemampuan Modals : can / could

Catatan : can/could = to be + able to (atau) to be + capable VING

B. Permission  menyatakan izin

Modals : - can / could - to be allowed to - May / might - to be permitted to

(makna aktif) (makna pasif) C. Possibility  menyatakan kemungkinan

Modals : - can / could - May / might

- Should - Ought to

Catatan : must = have/has/had + to = harus

E. Logical Conclusion  menyatakan kesimpulan logis dari suatu kejadian / pernyataan.

1. Jika pernyataan (keadaan) berbentuk Present Tense, maka kesimpulan dinyatakan dengan menggunakan modal:

Can / could

May / might V1

Must + be + VING

Should / ougth to be + complement

2. Jika pernyataan (keadaan) berbentuk past tense, maka kesimpulan dinyatakan dengn modal perfect.

Could / might V3

Ought to / should + have been + VING

Must been + complement

could contoh :

Might have = mungkin sudah...

 Ought to/ should + have = seharusnya sudah

(digunakan untuk menyatkan peristiwa yang tidak terjadi dimasa lampau)  Must have = pasti sudah...

(digunakan untuk menyimpulkan sesuatu yang pasti terjadi dimasa lampau)  Could have = seharusnya..

(digunakan untuk peristiwa yang tidak terjadi dimasa lampau)

 Would + V1 adalah modal yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang dilakukan secara rutin

(berulang – ulang) dimasa lampau. Contoh Soal :

1. He went by bus, but he...by car.

a. Might of gone c. Could have gone

b. Should gone d. Ougth have gone

2. Mom & dad just left for the airport twenty minutes ago, so they...there yet. a. Can’t have gotten c. Had better have gotten

b. Shouldn’t have gotten d. Could have gotten

3. Tropical forests(A) can be find(B) in Shouteast(C) Asia countries(D). 4. The light is out in her room; she...

a. Must go to bed c. Must gone to bed b. Must have gone to bed d. Must be gone to bed 5. She went to the office by taxi, but she...by bus.

a. Might of gone c. Could have gone

b. Should gone d. Ought have gone

6. The garden was very clean. Somebody...

a. Must have cleaned c. Should have cleaned b. Ought have cleaned d. Might cleaned 7. He hasn’t finished reading. He ... the whole content of it.

a. Could have known b. Had better have

c. Shouldn’t have known d. Can’t have known

CHAPTER VIII CONDIITIONAL CLAUSE (IF)

If clauses digunakan untuk menyatakan sebuah kondisi atas kejadian atau keberadaan sesuatu. Contoh : If you mix sugar with water, it will dissolve

Here, the sugar will dissolve on the condition that you mix it with water. Ada tiga tipe if clauses:

Type 1. mengenai kejadian nyata

Dalam tipe 1, if clause dalam present tense, sedangkan main clause biasanya dalam bentuk present, future, atau imperative.

Contoh:

 If you go to the drug store, buy me a soft drink. (present ; imperative)  If Mary calls, I’ll invite her to the concert. (present ; future)

 If Mary should call, I’ll invite her to the concert. (modal ; future) Type 2

Type 2 is concerned with hypothetical or unreal situations in the present. (berkaitan dengan khayalan atau situasi yang tidak nyata saat ini.)

- If I had the money, I would buy a motorcycle.

This is called a hypothetical if clause because I don’t have the money but I am imagining what I would do if I did. Type 3

Type 3 is concerned with hypothetical discussion about the past.

- If I had known you were sick, I would have made you some soup. (past perfect-modal past) Here the implication is that I didn’t know you were sick (and that you may no longer be sick). - If you had been here yesterday, you could have seen Pam. (past perfect-modal past) It is clear in the example that you were not here yesterday.

Kata if sangat membantu untuk mengenali if clause, namun, tidak selalu digunakan.

Type 1: should

 If you should get a letter from Greece, give me a call.  Should you get a letter from Greece, give me a call. Type 2: were

 If you were taller, you could reach the light.  Were you taller, you could reach the light. Type 3

 If I had agreed, Jim would have married me.  Had I agreed, Jim would have married me.

Unless, which has a meaning similar to if not, can also be used in conditional clauses.  If it doesn’t rain, we’ll go to the lake.

Soal

1. Get me a glass of lemonade, if you … to the kitchen. a. go

b. will go

c. went d. going 2. If I … you, I’d save some of your lottery winnings.

a. was b. will be

c. were d. be 3. If the chair … break, Mr. Dow can fix it for us.

a. might b. should

c. will d. may 4. This sailboat … go faster if there were more wind.

a. would b. will

c. might d. can 5. … a tornado come, go to the basement immediately.

a. should b. if

c. will d.were 6. If Allen had come sooner, he could … eaten dinner with us.

a. had b. has

c. have d. will 7. I won’t lend you this money … you promise to pay it back.

a. if b. unless

c. when d. whether 8. If the car … been larger, we would have bought it.

a. had b. has

c. have d. could be 9. … all agreed, Sara would have been given the scholarship.

a. we had b. had

c. had we d. we 10. “Are you thinking about going to the Bahamas for the holidays?” “No, but if I … the time, I would definitely go.”

a. have b. had c. have had d. would have Kunci Jawaban 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. B

CHAPTER IX Parallel Structure #) use parallel structure with coordinate conjunctions (and, but, or)

Examples:

 I need to talk to the manager or the assistant manager.  He eats and sleeps only when he takes a vacation.  The exam that he gave was short but difficult.

 They are not interested in what you say or what you do.

#) use parallel structure with paired conjunctions (both….and, either … or, neither .. nor, and not only … but also)

Examples:

 I know both where you went and what you did.  He wants either to go by train or to go by plane.

#) use parallel structure with comparisons (-er…than, more…than)

Examples:

 My school is farther than your school.

 Renting those apartments costs about the same as leasing them. Soal

1. The committee decided to cancel its law suit, to approve the contract, and that it would adjourn the meeting.

A B C D

2. Air travel is fast, safe, and it is convenient. A B C D

3. Rock music is not only popular in the United States but also abroad. A B C D

4. Every day the watchman would lock the doors, turning on the spot lights, and walk around the A

B C D

building.

5. To control quality and making decisions about production are among the many responsibilities of an A B C D

(same structure),

(same structure),

and

(same structure)

But

or

Both

and

Either

(same structure)

or

(same structure)

Neither

nor

Not only

but also

More…than

-er….than

(same structure)

less…than

(same structure)

As…as

The same…as

Similar…to

6. I suggest that the instructor react to the situation by changing the textbook instead of to modify the

A B C

objectives of the course. D

7. The insurance program used to include not only employees but their families.

A B C D

8. The six main parts of a business letter are the address, the inside address, the salutation, the body,

A B C

the closing, and signing your name. D

9. The new electric typewriters are equipped not only with an element for foreign languages but also

A

a key for correcting errors automatically.

B C D

10. Please send me the smallest, most recently published, and less expensive dictionary that you have

A B C D

available. Jawaban

1. D 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. D

CHAPTER X

Direct and Indirect sentence (reported speech) #) You want to tell someone else what Jesse said.

Direct - Jesse said “ I’m feeling ill”. Reported - Jesse said (that) he was feeling ill.

#) When we used reported speech, we are usually talking about the past. So verbs usually change to the past in reported speech.

Am/is → was are → were have/has → had will → would can → could Do/want/know etc. → did/wanted/knew etc. did → did or had done Other examples:

I want to go on holiday but I don’t know where to go.

*Jesse said (that) he wanted to go on holiday but he didn’t know where to go. Jesse said “I woke up feeling ill and so I stayed in bed”.

*Jesse said (that) he woke (or had woken) up feeling ill and so he stayed (or had stayed) In bed.

#) If you are reporting something and you feel that it is still true, you do not need to change the tenses of the verb. Example:

Direct - Jesse said “New York is bigger than London”.

Reported – Jesse said (that) New York is (or was) bigger than London.

#) must, might, could, would, should, and ought stay the same in reported speech. May in direct speech normally changes to might in reported speech.

May (direct) → might (reported) #) say and tell

If you say who you are talking to, use tell:

 Zack told me that he didn’t like Thomas. (not Zack said me..) Otherwise, use say:

 Zack said (that) he didn’t like Thomas. (not Zack told (that) he..)

#) We also use the infinitive (to do/to stay, etc) in reported speech. Especially for orders and requests) Direct → “Stay in bed for a few days”, the doctor said to me.

Reported → The doctor told me to stay in bed for a few days. Direct → “Don’t shout”, I said to Gina

Reported → I told Gina not to shout. Soal

1. Direct → “Can you open the door for me?” Linda asked. Reported → Linda asked me …. the door for her. a. to open

b. open

c. opening d. opened 2. Jill said, “Ann has bought a new car”.

c. having d. have 3. Yesterday: Angela said, “ Jill is ill’’.

Today, you see Jill is looking well. You say:”Angela said you … ill”. a. was

b. is

c. are d. were 4. “Please don’t tell anyone what happened”, Angela said to me.

Angela asked me … anyone what (had) happened. a. don’t tell

b. not to tell

c. to not tell d. not telling 5. Ann said, “ I am hungry”.

Ann said that she … hungry. a. were

b. would

c. had d. was 6. Tom said, “I need my pen”.

Tom said that he… his pen. a. needed

b. needs

c. need d. will need 7. He said, “I ought to work hard.”

He said that he … to work hard. a. ought to

b. oughted

c. ought d. is 8. Jessica said, “I may use the money.”

Jessica said (that) she … use the money. a. can

b. is

c. might d. may 9. “Don’t wait for me if I’m late”, Ann said.

Ann said not to wait for her if she … late. a. is

b. was

c.were d. will

10. Jim said,”I’m going away for a few days. I’ll phone you when I get back.

Reported → Jim said (that) he … going away for a few days and … phone me when he got back. a. was, would b. were, would c. was, will d. were, will 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. A

CHAPTER XI

Wish, as if/as though, would rather #) Wish

We use wish to say that we regret something, that something is not as we would like it to be. Present: Subject + wish + Subject + Verb2

 I wish I knew Sue’s telephone number. (I don’t know it) Past: Subject + wish + Subject + had + verb3

 I wish I had known that Ann was ill. I would have gone to see her. (I didn’t know that she was ill, so I didn’t go to see her)

#) As if/as though

You can use as if to say how someone or something looks/sounds/feels etc.: Examples:

 The house looked as if nobody was living in it.

 Tom sounded worried. → Tom sounded as if he was worried.  Ann sounds as if she’s got a cold.

You can also use as though:

 Ann sounds as though she’s got a cold. 

#) would rather

a) would rather + bare infinitive (keinginan di masa sekarang atau di masa depan) examples: - I would rather stay at home.

- I would rather not go out.

b) would rather + Subject + past tense (menginginkan seseorang melakukan sesuatu) examples: - I would rather you went to the shop.

- I would rather she cooked. Soal:

1. I would rather … the offer. a. to receive

b. receiving

c. receive d. receives 2. I’d rather you … the car now.

a. fixed b. fix

c. will fix d. can fix

3. I’ve just come back from holiday but I feel tired and depressed. I don’t feel as if I … had holiday. a. had

b. has

c. had had d. have 4. We took an umbrella because it … as if it … going to rain.

a. looked, was b. looks, was

c. looked, were d. looks, were 5. My room is too small.

I wish my room … larger. a. are

b. is

c. were d. can be

a. takes b. took

c. take d. taking 7. I wish I … him the key. He would have chased the car.

a. give b. had given

c. gave d. given 8. Mira would rather … an apple than an orange.

a. has b. have

c. had d. have had 9. I don’t like Michelle. He talks as if he … everything.

a. knows b. know

c. knowing d. knew 10. It’s raining. I wish I … my umbrella.

a. brought b. bring c. have bring d. brings kunci Jawaban: 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. D 10. A

CHAPTER XII Phrasal Verbs

Dibawah ini adalah sebuah daftar yang berisi 200 phrasal verbs yang umum digunakan. Phrasal verbs adalah frasa yang lazimnya terdiri atas dua kata yang memenuhi struktur verb + adverb atau verb + preposition. Satu phrasal verbs bisa saja mempunyai lebih dari satu makna, tergantung konteksnya. Bebrapa phrasal verbs memelukan objek langsung (someone/something), sementara yang lain tidak. Selain itu, beberapa phrasal verbs dapat dipisahkan objek, sementara yang lain harus digunakan serangkai.

Verb Meaning Example

ask someone out invite on a date Brian asked Judy out to dinner and a movie.

ask around ask many people the same question I asked around but nobody has seen my wallet.

add up to something equal Your purchases add up to $205.32. back something up reverse You'll have to back up your car so that I

can get out.

back someone up support My wife backed me up over my decision to quit my job.

blow up explode The racing car blew up after it crashed into

the fence.

blow something up add air We have to blow 50 balloons up for the party.

break down stop functioning (vehicle, machine) Our car broke down at the side of the highway in the snowstorm.

break down get upset The woman broke down when the police told her that her son had died.

break something down divide into smaller parts Our teacher broke the final project down into three separate parts.

break in force entry to a building Somebody broke in last night and stole our stereo.

break into something enter forcibly The firemen had to break into the room to rescue the children.

break something in wear something a few times so that it doesn't look/feel new

I need to break these shoes in before we run next week.

of the president's death.

break up end a relationship My boyfriend and I broke up before I moved to America.

break up start laughing (informal) The kids just broke up as soon as the clown started talking.

break out escape The prisoners broke out of jail when the guards weren't looking.

break out in something develop a skin condition I broke out in a rash after our camping trip.

bring someone down make unhappy This sad music is bringing me down. bring someone up raise a child My grandparents brought me up after my

parents died.

bring something up start talking about a subject My mother walks out of the room when my father brings up sports.

bring something up vomit He drank so much that he brought his dinner up in the toilet.

call around phone many different places/people We called around but we weren't able to find the car part we needed.

call someone back return a phone call I called the company back but the offices were closed for the weekend.

call something off cancel Jason called the wedding off because he wasn't in love with his fiancé.

call on someone ask for an answer or opinion The professor called on me for question 1. call on someone visit someone We called on you last night but you

weren't home.

call someone up phone Give me your phone number and I will call you up when we are in town.

calm down relax after being angry You are still mad. You need to calm down before you drive the car.

not care for

someone/something

not like (formal) I don't care for his behaviour.

catch up get to the same point as someone else You'll have to run faster than that if you want to catch up with Marty.

in.

check out leave a hotel You have to check out of the hotel before 11:00 AM.

check someone/something out

look at carefully, investigate The company checks out all new employees.

check out

someone/something

look at (informal) Check out the crazy hair on that guy!

cheer up become happier She cheered up when she heard the good news.

cheer someone up make happier I brought you some flowers to cheer you up.

chip in help If everyone chips in we can get the kitchen

painted by noon.

clean something up tidy, clean Please clean up your bedroom before you go outside.

come across something find unexpectedly I came across these old photos when I was tidying the closet.

come apart separate The top and bottom come apart if you pull

hard enough. come down with

something

become sick My nephew came down with chicken pox

this weekend. come forward volunteer for a task or to give

evidence

The woman came forward with her husband's finger prints.

come from somewhere originate in The art of origami comes from Asia.

count on

someone/something

rely on I am counting on you to make dinner while

I am out.

cross something out draw a line through Please cross out your old address and write your new one.

cut back on something consume less My doctor wants me to cut back on sweets and fatty foods.

cut something down make something fall to the ground We had to cut the old tree in our yard down after the storm.

cut in pull in too closely in front of another vehicle

The bus driver got angry when that car cut in.

cut in start operating (of an engine or electrical device)

The air conditioner cuts in when the temperature gets to 22°C.

cut something off remove with something sharp The doctors cut off his leg because it was severely injured.

cut something off stop providing The phone company cut off our phone because we didn't pay the bill.

cut someone off take out of a will My grandparents cut my father off when he remarried.

cut something out remove part of something (usually with scissors and paper)

I cut this ad out of the newspaper.

do someone/something

over

beat up, ransack (Br.E., informal) He's lucky to be alive. His shop was done over by a street gang.

do something over do again (N.Amer.) My teacher wants me to do my essay over because she doesn't like my topic.

do away with something discard It's time to do away with all of these old tax records.

do something up fasten, close Do your coat up before you go outside. It's snowing!

dress up wear nice clothing It's a fancy restaurant so we have to dress up.

drop back move back in a position/group Andrea dropped back to third place when she fell off her bike.

drop in/by/over come without an appointment I might drop in/by/over for tea some time this week.

drop someone/something off

take someone/something somewhere and leave them/it there

I have to drop my sister off at work before I come over.

drop out quit a class, school etc I dropped out of Science because it was too difficult.

eat out eat at a restaurant I don't feel like cooking tonight. Let's eat out.

end up eventually reach/do/decide We ended up renting a movie instead of going to the theatre.

machine.

fall down fall to the ground The picture that you hung up last night fell down this morning.

fall out separate from an interior The money must have fallen out of my pocket.

fall out (of hair, teeth) become loose and unattached

His hair started to fall out when he was only 35.

figure something out understand, find the answer I need to figure out how to fit the piano and the bookshelf in this room.

fill something in to write information in blanks (Br.E.) Please fill in the form with your name, address, and phone number.

fill something out to write information in blanks (N.Amer.)

The form must be filled out in capital letters.

fill something up fill to the top I always fill the water jug up when it is empty.

find out discover We don't know where he lives. How can we find out?

find something out discover We tried to keep the time of the party a secret, but Samantha found it out.

get something across/over communicate, make understandable I tried to get my point across/over to the judge but she wouldn't listen.

get along/on like each other I was surprised how well my new girlfriend and my sister got along/on.

get around have mobility My grandfather can get around fine in his new wheelchair.

get away go on a vacation We worked so hard this year that we had to get away for a week.

get away with something do without being noticed or punished Jason always gets away with cheating in his maths tests.

get back return We got back from our vacation last week.

get something back receive something you had before Liz finally got her Science notes back from my room-mate.

get back into something become interested in something again I finally got back into my novel and finished it.

get on something step onto a vehicle We're going to freeze out here if you don't let us get on the bus.

get over something recover from an illness, loss, difficulty I just got over the flu and now my sister has it.

get over something overcome a problem The company will have to close if it can't get over the new regulations.

get round to something finally find time to do (N.Amer.: get around to something)

I don't know when I am going to get round to writing the thank you cards.

get together meet (usually for social reasons) Let's get together for a BBQ this weekend. get up get out of bed I got up early today to study for my exam.

get up stand You should get up and give the elderly

man your seat. give someone away reveal hidden information about

someone

His wife gave him away to the police.

give someone away take the bride to the altar My father gave me away at my wedding. give something away ruin a secret My little sister gave the surprise party

away by accident.

give something away give something to someone for free The library was giving away old books on Friday.

give something back return a borrowed item I have to give these skates back to Franz before his hockey game.

give in reluctantly stop fighting or arguing My boyfriend didn't want to go to the ballet, but he finally gave in.

give something out give to many people (usually at no cost)

They were giving out free perfume samples at the department store.

give something up quit a habit I am giving up smoking as of January 1st.

give up stop trying My maths homework was too difficult so I

gave up.

go after someone follow someone My brother tried to go after the thief in his car.

go after something try to achieve something I went after my dream and now I am a published writer.

go against someone compete, oppose We are going against the best soccer team in the city tonight.

go ahead start, proceed Please go ahead and eat before the food gets cold.

go back return to a place I have to go back home and get my lunch. go out leave home to go on a social event We're going out for dinner tonight. go out with someone date Jesse has been going out with Luke since

they met last winter.

go over something review Please go over your answers before you submit your test.

go over visit someone nearby I haven't seen Tina for a long time. I think I'll go over for an hour or two.

go without something suffer lack or deprivation When I was young, we went without winter boots.

grow apart stop being friends over time My best friend and I grew apart after she changed schools.

grow back regrow My roses grew back this summer.

grow up become an adult When Jack grows up he wants to be a fireman.

grow out of something get too big for Elizabeth needs a new pair of shoes because she has grown out of her old ones.

grow into something grow big enough to fit This bike is too big for him now, but he should grow into it by next year.

hand something down give something used to someone else I handed my old comic books down to my little cousin.

hand something in submit I have to hand in my essay by Friday. hand something out to distribute to a group of people We will hand out the invitations at the

door.

hand something over give (usually unwillingly) The police asked the man to hand over his wallet and his weapons.

hang in stay positive (N.Amer., informal) Hang in there. I'm sure you'll find a job very soon.

hang out spend time relaxing (informal) Instead of going to the party we are just going to hang out at my place.

hang up end a phone call He didn't say goodbye before he hung up. hold someone/something

back

prevent from doing/going I had to hold my dog back because there was a cat in the park.

hold something back hide an emotion Jamie held back his tears at his grandfather's funeral.

hold on wait a short time Please hold on while I transfer you to the Sales Department.

hold onto

someone/something

hold firmly using your hands or arms Hold onto your hat because it's very windy outside.

hold

someone/somethingup

rob A man in a black mask held the bank up

this morning.

keep on doing something continue doing Keep on stirring until the liquid comes to a boil.

keep something from

someone

not tell We kept our relationship from our parents

for two years. keep someone/something

out

stop from entering Try to keep the wet dog out of the living room.

keep something up continue at the same rate If you keep those results up you will get into a great college.

let someone down fail to support or help, disappoint I need you to be on time. Don't let me down this time.

let someone in allow to enter Can you let the cat in before you go to school?

look after

someone/something

take care of I have to look after my sick grandmother.

look down on someone think less of, consider inferior Ever since we stole that chocolate bar your dad has looked down on me.

look for

someone/something

try to find I'm looking for a red dress for the wedding.

look forward to something be excited about the future I'm looking forward to the Christmas break.

look into something investigate We are going to look into the price of snowboards today.

look out be careful, vigilant, and take notice Look out! That car's going to hit you!

look out for

someone/something

be especially vigilant for Don't forget to look out for snakes on the hiking trail.

look something over check, examine Can you look over my essay for spelling mistakes?

look something up search and find information in a reference book or database

We can look her phone number up on the Internet.

look up to someone have a lot of respect for My little sister has always looked up to me.

make something up invent, lie about something Josie made up a story about about why we were late.

make up forgive each other We were angry last night, but we made up at breakfast.

make someone up apply cosmetics to My sisters made me up for my graduation party.

mix something up confuse two or more things I mixed up the twins' names again!

pass away die His uncle passed away last night after a

long illness.

pass out faint It was so hot in the church that an elderly

lady passed out.

pass something out give the same thing to many people The professor passed the textbooks out before class.

pass something up decline (usually something good) I passed up the job because I am afraid of change.

pay someone back return owed money Thanks for buying my ticket. I'll pay you back on Friday.

pay for something be punished for doing something bad That bully will pay for being mean to my little brother.

pick something out choose I picked out three sweaters for you to try on.

point someone/something out

indicate with your finger I'll point my boyfriend out when he runs by.

put someone down insult, make someone feel stupid The students put the substitute teacher down because his pants were too short. put something off postpone We are putting off our trip until January

because of the hurricane.

put something out extinguish The neighbours put the fire out before the firemen arrived.

put something together assemble I have to put the crib together before the baby arrives.

put up with

someone/something

tolerate I don't think I can put up with three small children in the car.

put something on put clothing/accessories on your body Don't forget to put on your new earrings for the party.

run into

someone/something

meet unexpectedly I ran into an old school-friend at the mall.

run over

someone/something

drive a vehicle over a person or thing I accidentally ran over your bicycle in the driveway.

run over/through

something

rehearse, review Let's run over/through these lines one more time before the show.

run away leave unexpectedly, escape The child ran away from home and has been missing for three days.

run out have none left We ran out of shampoo so I had to wash my hair with soap.

send something back return (usually by mail) My letter got sent back to me because I used the wrong stamp.

set something up arrange, organize Our boss set a meeting up with the president of the company.

set someone up trick, trap The police set up the car thief by using a hidden camera.

shop around compare prices I want to shop around a little before I decide on these boots.

show off act extra special for people watching (usually boastfully)

He always shows off on his skateboard

sleep over stay somewhere for the night (informal)

You should sleep over tonight if the weather is too bad to drive home.

first of the month. stick to something continue doing something, limit

yourself to one particular thing

You will lose weight if you stick to the diet.

switch something off stop the energy flow, turn off The light's too bright. Could you switch it off.

switch something on start the energy flow, turn on We heard the news as soon as we switched on the car radio.

take after someone resemble a family member I take after my mother. We are both impatient.

take something apart purposely break into pieces He took the car brakes apart and found the problem.

take something back return an item I have to take our new TV back because it doesn't work.

take off start to fly My plane takes off in five minutes.

take something off remove something (usually clothing) Take off your socks and shoes and come in the lake!

take something out remove from a place or thing Can you take the garbage out to the street for me?

take someone out pay for someone to go somewhere with you

My grandparents took us out for dinner and a movie.

tear something up rip into pieces I tore up my ex-boyfriend's letters and gave them back to him.

think back remember (often + to, sometimes + on)

When I think back on my youth, I wish I had studied harder.

think something over consider I'll have to think this job offer over before I make my final decision.

throw something away dispose of We threw our old furniture away when we won the lottery.

turn something down decrease the volume or strength (heat, light etc)

Please turn the TV down while the guests are here.

turn something down refuse I turned the job down because I don't want to move.

turn something on start the energy, switch on It's too dark in here. Let's turn some lights on.

turn something up increase the volume or strength (heat, light etc)

Can you turn the music up? This is my favourite song.

turn up appear suddenly Our cat turned up after we put posters up all over the neighbourhood.

try something on sample clothing I'm going to try these jeans on, but I don't think they will fit.

try something out test I am going to try this new brand of detergent out.

use something up finish the supply The kids used all of the toothpaste up so we need to buy some more.

wake up stop sleeping We have to wake up early for work on Monday.

warm someone/something up

increase the temperature You can warm your feet up in front of the fireplace.

warm up prepare body for exercise I always warm up by doing sit-ups before I go for a run.

wear off fade away Most of my make-up wore off before I got

to the party.

work out exercise I work out at the gym three times a week.

work out be successful Our plan worked out fine.

work something out make a calculation We have to work out the total cost before we buy the house.

Contoh Soal:

1. I told every guest to … their shoes before entering my house

a. take on c. try on

b. take off d. try out

answer: B

2. Sometimes it’s hard to … all the hard subjects.

a. keep in c. keep on with

b. keep up d keep up with

Latihan Soal:

A Night Out

Dave's a funny chap! He never wants to (1) in the evenings, but when he does, he never wants to go home again!

Last Thursday was a typical example. I phoned him and asked if he wanted to go out to our local pub for a quick drink. At first, he said that he didn't want to - he would rather (2) and watch the telly. But after about 10 minutes, I managed to persuade him to come to the pub.

Well, we had a nice evening, and the 'quick drink' turned into a longer drink; the more Dave and I drank, the more we wanted to drink. The pub closed at 11 o'clock, so we had to (3) then, but Dave wanted to (4) and persuaded me that we should go to the nightclub in town to continue our 'conversation'. There weren't many people in the nightclub, but that didn't stop us from having a good time! I finally (5) home at 5 o'clock in the morning, feeling very happy, tired, and drunk.

The way my head felt on Friday morning (or, to be more accurate, Friday afternoon!), I had to agree with our friends who say that Dave and I are a bad influence on each other!

go out / stay out / stay in / drink up / get back Choose the correct phrase to fill in the blanks: 1. a. go out b. stay out c. stay in d. go in 2. a. go out b. stay out c. stay in d. go in 3. a. drink in b. drink up c. drink out d. drink on 4. a. go out b. stay out c. stay in d. go in 5. a. get out b. get in c. get on d. get back 6. On my way to the campus. I … a friend whom I had not met for years.

a. Ran off b. Ran over

c. Ran down d. Ran into

7. The heat … by a pile of paint rags is not able to escape as fast as it is made.

a. give off c. given off

b. given in d. give in

8. If you have time, please … the trash. Put it near the gate outside.

a. take on c. take off