Vitamin dan Mineral Nutrisi Ternak Non R

Tujaan Pebelajarana

Mengetahui dan memahami:

•

_{Defenisi dan Klasifikasi vitamin}

dan mineral

•

_{Funsi dan perannya bagi ternak}

VITAMIN

•

Organic nutrients needed in small quantities to

perform specific functions;

•

Do not provide energy but are necessary in the use

of energy

.

•

Helping regulate body functions, keeping the body

healthy, promoting resistance.

•

The deficiency of a vitamin can lead to disease or

death

.

CLASSIFICATION

FAT

SOLUBLE

WATER

SOLUBLE

• _{Stored in the fat and}

released as they are needed by the body.

• _{Can be stored for extended}

periods.

• _{Absorbed through}

lymphatic tissues

• _{Need precursor,}

pro-vitamin

• _{C, H, O}

• _{Only for complex organism}

A – D – E - K

• _{Dissolved by water.}

• _{As water passes through the}

body.

• _{need to be consumed every}

day by monogastric animals.

• _{Absorbed through portal}

vein

• _{Most doesn’t need precursor} • _{C, H, O, N some have S and}

Co

• _{For complex and simple}

organism

VITAMIN A

•

_Benefit:

_{Maintenance of normal}

vision and night vision, Essential for

immune system, Necessary for

growth; induces differentiation of

cells

•

_Deficiency:

_{Fairly common; results}

VITAMIN D

Benefit:

• _{Helps to maintain constant levels of calcium}

in the blood

• _{Important in insulin and prolactin secretion,}

muscle function, immune and stress

response, melanin synthesis, and cellular differentiation 

• _{Vital for kidney and parathyroid gland}

function

Deficiency:

• Disease is rickets, symptoms include soft bones and teeth

Toxicity:

• Toxic in doses larger than 1,000-1,1500 I.U.s daily for a month or longer; produces

nausea, weakness, and irritability 

• _{May lead to brain or liver damage, jaundice,}

VITAMIN E

Benefit:

• _{Protects vitamin A from oxidation during digestion} • _{Enhances immune response}

• _{Inhibits carcinogens from reaching target sites}  • _{Can stop neurological problems associated with}

cystic fibrosis, liver disease early in disease process

• _{Detoxifies free radicals, prevents damage to cell}

membranes

• _{Prevents LDL cholesterol from turning into}

VITAMIN K

Benefit:

•

_{Helps blood}

_coagulate

 

•

_{In conjunction with vitamins A and D}

helps body build bone protein 

•

_{Given as injection to newborns to}

VITAMIN C (

ascorbic

acid

)

Benefit:

• _{Activates liver-detoxifying systems} 

• _{Antioxidant to inactivate highly reactive oxygen species;}

protects against damage to lipids and other molecules

• _{Inhibits formation of carcinogenic compounds} • _{Protects cellular functions}

• _{Enhances function of key white blood cells involved in}

the destruction of bacteria

• _{Protects vitamin E}

• _{Integral to maintenance and building of collagen}

• _{Vital to bones and teeth, blood vessels, healing of wounds,}

and iron absorption

Biotin

Benefit:

• _{Key role in metabolizing fats, carbohydrates, and}

proteins

• _{Part of a number of enzymes in which it functions as a}

carboxyl carrier

• _{Manufactured in lower digestive tract by bacteria}

Colin

Benefit:

• _{Helps maintain central nervous system} 

• _{Precursor to acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter}

• _{Involved in production and metabolism of fats and}

Vitamin B (

Folic acid, folate

)

• _{Used by body to break down and}

synthesize amino acids

• _{Helps synthesize nucleic acids, which}

are needed to build new cells, particularly red blood cells 

• _{Involved in a variety of reactions in amino}

acid and nucleotide metabolism 

• _{Recommended for women of childbearing}

Vitamin B3 (Niacin)

• Enables body to use carbohydrates, fats, and proteins (to provide energy), and amino acids 

• Influences metabolism of DNA, NAD, NADP 

• Aids nervous system and digestive tract function and promotes healthy skin

Pantothenic Acid

• Necessary for adrenal cortex function 

• _{Part of chemistry of coenzyme A, which is}

vital to metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins and involved in making fatty acids,