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Analisis Efisiensi Penggunaan Pupuk Oleh Petani Pada Tanaman Sayuran (Kubis, Kubis Bunga, Dan Wortel)(Studi Kasus : Kecamatan Tigapanah, Kabupaten Karo)

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Lampiran 2. Hasil Analisis Efisiensi Teknis Penggunaan Pupuk pada Kubis Bunga dengan Menggunakan Frontier

Output from the program FRONTIER (Version 4.1c)

instruction file = terminal data file = kbunga2.txt

Error Components Frontier (see B&C 1992) The model is a production function

The dependent variable is logged

the ols estimates are :

coefficient standard-error t-ratio

beta 0 0.92847007E+01 0.97371410E+00 0.95353459E+01 beta 1 -0.90486142E-01 0.15032059E+00 -0.60195441E+00 sigma-squared 0.50613133E-01

log likelihood function = 0.41558474E+01

the estimates after the grid search were :

beta 0 0.93245333E+01 beta 1 -0.90486142E-01 sigma-squared 0.49845671E-01 gamma 0.50000000E-01 mu is restricted to be zero eta is restricted to be zero

iteration = 0 func evals = 20 llf = 0.41534686E+01

0.93245333E+01-0.90486142E-01 0.49845671E-01 0.50000000E-01 gradient step

iteration = 5 func evals = 82 llf = 0.41552714E+01

0.93001347E+01-0.89060270E-01 0.48844630E-01 0.19896535E-01 iteration = 10 func evals = 169 llf = 0.41557122E+01

0.92963826E+01-0.89880951E-01 0.48483387E-01 0.76795660E-02 iteration = 15 func evals = 260 llf = 0.41558062E+01

0.92976571E+01-0.90814751E-01 0.48381277E-01 0.37400678E-02 iteration = 20 func evals = 366 llf = 0.41558321E+01

0.92942767E+01-0.90729811E-01 0.48328384E-01 0.20800485E-02 iteration = 25 func evals = 473 llf = 0.41558406E+01

0.92909240E+01-0.90515510E-01 0.48295611E-01 0.11642015E-02 iteration = 30 func evals = 582 llf = 0.41558446E+01

0.92894035E+01-0.90491248E-01 0.48280869E-01 0.70296009E-03 iteration = 35 func evals = 692 llf = 0.41558462E+01

0.92881178E+01-0.90466119E-01 0.48271095E-01 0.40647642E-03 iteration = 40 func evals = 786 llf = 0.41558467E+01

(4)

0.92868379E+01-0.90475667E-01 0.48263616E-01 0.15710852E-03 iteration = 50 func evals = 994 llf = 0.41558472E+01

0.92862804E+01-0.90478859E-01 0.48261506E-01 0.85761481E-04 iteration = 51 func evals = 1002 llf = 0.41558472E+01

0.92862804E+01-0.90478859E-01 0.48261506E-01 0.85761482E-04

the final mle estimates are :

coefficient standard-error t-ratio

beta 0 0.92862804E+01 0.95513210E+00 0.97225090E+01 beta 1 -0.90478859E-01 0.12560763E+00 -0.72032932E+00 sigma-squared 0.48261506E-01 0.10748162E-01 0.44902099E+01 gamma 0.85761482E-04 0.74630451E-01 0.11491486E-02 mu is restricted to be zero

eta is restricted to be zero

log likelihood function = 0.41558472E+01

LR test of the one-sided error = 0.451275292E+02 with number of restrictions = 1

[note that this statistic has a mixed chi-square distribution]

number of iterations = 51

(maximum number of iterations set at : 100)

number of cross-sections = 43

number of time periods = 1

total number of observations = 43

thus there are: 0 obsns not in the panel

covariance matrix :

0.91227733E+00 -0.87263769E-01 -0.16101983E-03 0.38545930E-01 -0.87263769E-01 0.15777277E-01 0.21367388E-03 0.17211083E-02 -0.16101983E-03 0.21367388E-03 0.11552300E-03 0.13543686E-03 0.38545930E-01 0.17211083E-02 0.13543686E-03 0.55697043E-02 technical efficiency estimates :

(5)

6 0.99838367E+00 mean efficiency = 0.99837881E+00

(6)

Lampiran 4. Hasil Analisis Efisiensi Teknis Penggunaan Pupuk pada Kubis dengan Menggunakan Frontier

Output from the program FRONTIER (Version 4.1c)

instruction file = terminal data file = kubis2.txt

Error Components Frontier (see B&C 1992) The model is a production function

The dependent variable is logged

the ols estimates are :

coefficient standard-error t-ratio

beta 0 0.41203495E+01 0.23884521E+01 0.17251129E+01 beta 1 0.68578412E+00 0.37296380E+00 0.18387418E+01 sigma-squared 0.41795538E-01

log likelihood function = 0.44244919E+01

the estimates after the grid search were :

beta 0 0.41555165E+01 beta 1 0.68578412E+00 sigma-squared 0.38852704E-01

7 Mamak Petro 35 49 SD 4

8 Hendra Sembiring 8 38 SMA 2

9 Rolianta Br Sinuhaji 7 42 STM 1

10 Ahmadi Sukapiring 5 48 SMA 2

11 Lekson Br Tarigan 4 59 SD 3

12 Dolat J. Ginting 11 41 S1 2

13 Sarjani Sembiring 4 30 SMP 3

14 Diamon Bukit 6 27 SMP 2

15 Tommi 20 45 SMP 4

16 Rela Ginting 36 56 SMA 2

17 Armut Br Ginting 14 46 SMA 1

18 Margareta Pandia 20 52 SD 4

19 B. Tarigan 7 34 SMP 3

(7)

gamma 0.50000000E-01 mu is restricted to be zero eta is restricted to be zero

iteration = 0 func evals = 20 llf = 0.44135626E+01

0.41555165E+01 0.68578412E+00 0.38852704E-01 0.50000000E-01 gradient step

iteration = 5 func evals = 66 llf = 0.44233333E+01

0.41499697E+01 0.68365001E+00 0.37780841E-01 0.92670158E-02 iteration = 10 func evals = 167 llf = 0.44244119E+01

0.41244564E+01 0.68610175E+00 0.37577950E-01 0.15732328E-02 iteration = 15 func evals = 271 llf = 0.44244774E+01

0.41202560E+01 0.68636365E+00 0.37611530E-01 0.54269376E-03 iteration = 20 func evals = 376 llf = 0.44244892E+01

0.41240107E+01 0.68554286E+00 0.37616181E-01 0.18620835E-03 iteration = 25 func evals = 469 llf = 0.44244911E+01

0.41210118E+01 0.68589885E+00 0.37615449E-01 0.80039171E-04 iteration = 30 func evals = 577 llf = 0.44244917E+01

0.41213495E+01 0.68576924E+00 0.37617525E-01 0.33658171E-04 iteration = 35 func evals = 684 llf = 0.44244918E+01

0.41209642E+01 0.68578973E+00 0.37616408E-01 0.17667934E-04 iteration = 40 func evals = 779 llf = 0.44244919E+01

0.41206752E+01 0.68578958E+00 0.37616694E-01 0.54371723E-05 iteration = 41 func evals = 797 llf = 0.44244919E+01

0.41206718E+01 0.68578953E+00 0.37616711E-01 0.52981596E-05 The final mle estimates are :

coefficient standard-error t-ratio

beta 0 0.41206718E+01 0.21339311E+01 0.19310238E+01 beta 1 0.68578953E+00 0.30573054E+00 0.22431175E+01 sigma-squared 0.37616711E-01 0.12584465E-01 0.29891388E+01 gamma 0.52981596E-05 0.18684141E-01 0.28356453E-03 mu is restricted to be zero

eta is restricted to be zero

log likelihood function = 0.44244919E+01

LR test of the one-sided error = 0.4935062E+01 with number of restrictions = 1

[note that this statistic has a mixed chi-square distribution]

number of iterations = 41

(maximum number of iterations set at : 100)

number of cross-sections = 20

(8)

total number of observations = 20

thus there are: 0 obsns not in the panel

covariance matrix :

0.45536621E+01 -0.63328903E+00 -0.74676150E-02 0.18217557E-01 -0.63328903E+00 0.93471162E-01 0.36356294E-03 -0.13343168E-02 -0.74676150E-02 0.36356294E-03 0.15836875E-03 -0.18797657E-03 0.18217557E-01 -0.13343168E-02 -0.18797657E-03 0.34909712E-03 technical efficiency estimates : mean efficiency = 0.99964390E+00

(9)

Lampiran 6. Hasil Analisis Efisiensi Teknis Penggunaan Pupuk pada Wortel dengan Menggunakan Frontier

Output from the program FRONTIER (Version 4.1c)

instruction file = terminal data file = wortel2.txt

Error Components Frontier (see B&C 1992) The model is a production function

The dependent variable is logged

the ols estimates are :

coefficient standard-error t-ratio

beta 0 0.65305367E+01 0.10558076E+01 0.61853476E+01 beta 1 0.36092867E+00 0.20124336E+00 0.17934936E+01 sigma-squared 0.33424173E-01

log likelihood function = 0.58289771E+01

the estimates after the grid search were :

7 Robin 9 40 SMA 3

8 Fitri Br Barus 8 30 SMA 1

9 Hendra Sembiring 8 38 SMA 2

10 Reksa Ginting 5 66 SMA 4

11 Ulina Br Sinuhaji 25 40 SMA 5

12 Irawati Br Ginting 8 29 SMA 3

13 Ridwan Parangin-Angin 12 40 SMP 3

14 Supardi Pandia 13 39 SMA 6

15 Rolianta Br Sinuhaji 7 42 STM 1

16 Edi Syahputra Sembiring 4 34 SMA 1

(10)

beta 0 0.65616754E+01 beta 1 0.36092867E+00 sigma-squared 0.30461539E-01 gamma 0.50000000E-01

0.65616754E+01 0.36092867E+00 0.30461539E-01 0.50000000E-01 gradient step

iteration = 5 func evals = 82 llf = 0.58283720E+01

0.65406749E+01 0.36202889E+00 0.29710860E-01 0.13323183E-01 iteration = 10 func evals = 184 llf = 0.58289173E+01

0.65365943E+01 0.36118280E+00 0.29533496E-01 0.28517551E-02 iteration = 15 func evals = 272 llf = 0.58289660E+01

0.65345644E+01 0.36091369E+00 0.29503519E-01 0.78963395E-03 iteration = 20 func evals = 377 llf = 0.58289746E+01

0.65332090E+01 0.36090344E+00 0.29497272E-01 0.33567707E-03 iteration = 25 func evals = 483 llf = 0.58289762E+01

0.65324855E+01 0.36090929E+00 0.29497128E-01 0.18187694E-03 iteration = 30 func evals = 573 llf = 0.58289770E+01

0.65314715E+01 0.36092271E+00 0.29495277E-01 0.43396786E-04 iteration = 35 func evals = 648 llf = 0.58289771E+01

0.65312182E+01 0.36093906E+00 0.29491805E-01 0.28503070E-04 iteration = 36 func evals = 651 llf = 0.58289771E+01

0.65312182E+01 0.36093906E+00 0.29491805E-01 0.28503069E-04

the final mle estimates are :

coefficient standard-error t-ratio

beta 0 0.65312182E+01 0.11383015E+01 0.57376872E+01 beta 1 0.36093906E+00 0.17432521E+00 0.20704926E+01 sigma-squared 0.29491805E-01 0.89833335E-02 0.32829467E+01 gamma 0.28503069E-04 0.41731250E-01 0.68301498E-03 mu is restricted to be zero

eta is restricted to be zero

log likelihood function = 0.58289771E+01

LR test of the one-sided error = 0.60275292E+02 with number of restrictions = 1

(11)

number of iterations = 36

(maximum number of iterations set at : 100)

number of cross-sections = 17

number of time periods = 1

total number of observations = 17

thus there are: 0 obsns not in the panel

covariance matrix :

0.12957304E+01 -0.17957990E+00 0.99145237E-04 0.28736304E-01 -0.17957990E+00 0.30389281E-01 0.27913850E-03 -0.15218485E-02 0.99145237E-04 0.27913850E-03 0.80700281E-04 0.12060702E-03 0.28736304E-01 -0.15218485E-02 0.12060702E-03 0.17414972E-02

technical efficiency estimates :

firm eff.-est.

1 0.99926865E+00 2 0.99926917E+00 3 0.99926842E+00 4 0.99926594E+00 5 0.99927165E+00 6 0.99926928E+00 7 0.99926784E+00 8 0.99926874E+00 9 0.99926923E+00 10 0.99926764E+00 11 0.99926985E+00 12 0.99927196E+00 13 0.99926687E+00 14 0.99927262E+00 15 0.99926682E+00 16 0.99926855E+00 17 0.99926778E+00

(12)

Regresi Linear Berganda Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi

Penggunaan Pupuk Pada Tanaman Sayuran

Lampiran 7. Hasil Analisis Statistik Kubis Bunga

Descriptive Statistics

Mean Std. Deviation N

Dosis Pupuk (Y) 6.6372E2 139.99614 43

Harga Pupuk (X1) 4.2508E6 1.15015E6 43

Harga Kubis Bunga (X2) 4.2953E3 463.91373 43

Pengalaman Bertani (X3) 11.3488 8.73113 43

Variables Entered/Removedb

Model

Variables

Entered

Variables

Removed Method

1 Pengalaman

Bertani (X3),

Harga Pupuk

(X1), Harga

Kubis Bunga

(X2)a

. Enter

a. All requested variables entered.

b. Dependent Variable: Dosis Pupuk (Y)

Model Summaryb

Model R R Square

Adjusted R

Square

Std. Error of the

Estimate

Change Statistics

R Square Change F Change df1 df2

Sig. F

(13)

1 .732a .536 .500 98.99632 .536 14.998 3 39 .000 a. Predictors: (Constant), Pengalaman Bertani (X3), Harga Pupuk (X1), Harga Kubis Bunga (X2)

b. Dependent Variable: Dosis Pupuk Y

ANOVAb

Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

1 Regression 440944.035 3 146981.345 14.998 .000a

Residual 382210.617 39 9800.272

Total 823154.651 42

a. Predictors: (Constant), Pengalaman Bertani (X3), Harga Pupuk (X1), Harga Kubis Bunga (X2)

b. Dependent Variable: Dosis Pupuk (Y)

Coefficientsa

Model

Unstandardized Coefficients

Standardized

Coefficients

t Sig.

B Std. Error Beta

1 (Constant) 326.886 157.927 2.070 .045

Harga Pupuk (X1) 8.873E-5 .000 .729 6.632 .000

Harga Kubis Bunga (X2) -.009 .034 -.031 -.278 .783

Pengalaman Bertani (X3) -.010 1.792 .000 -.006 .996

(14)

Lampiran 8. Hasil Analisis Statistik Kubis

Variables Entered/Removedb

Model

Variables

Entered

Variables

Removed Method

1 Pengalaman

Bertani (X3),

Harga Pupuk

(X1), Harga

Kubis (X2)a

. Enter

a. All requested variables entered.

b. Dependent Variable: Dosis Pupuk (Y)

Model Summaryb

Model R R Square

Adjusted R

Square

Std. Error of the

Estimate

Change Statistics

R Square Change F Change df1 df2 Sig. F Change

1 .596a .355 .234 70.75871 .355 2.940 3 16 .065

a. Predictors: (Constant), Pengalaman Bertani (X3), Harga Pupuk (X1), Harga Kubis

(X2)

b. Dependent Variable: Dosis Pupuk (Y)

ANOVAb

Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

Descriptive Statistics

Mean Std. Deviation N

Dosis Pupuk (Y) 6.0825E2 80.87149 20

Harga Pupuk (X1) 3.8888E6 7.35078E5 20

Harga Kubis (X2) 1.0400E3 354.51969 20

(15)

1 Regression 44155.028 3 14718.343 2.940 .065a

Residual 80108.722 16 5006.795

Total 124263.750 19

a. Predictors: (Constant), Pengalaman Bertani (X3), Harga Pupuk (X1), Harga Kubis (X2)

b. Dependent Variable: Dosis Pupuk (Y)

Coefficientsa

Model

Unstandardized Coefficients

Standardized

Coefficients

t Sig.

B Std. Error Beta

1 (Constant) 357.514 107.465 3.327 .004

Harga Pupuk (X1) 5.976E-5 .000 .543 2.653 .017

Harga Kubis (X2) -.009 .056 -.037 -.151 .882

Pengalaman Bertani (X3) 1.864 1.961 .233 .950 .356

a. Dependent Variable: Dosis Pupuk (Y)

Lampiran 9. Hasil Analisis Statistik Wortel

Descriptive Statistics

Mean Std. Deviation N

Dosis Pupuk (Y) 1.9382E2 48.15760 17

Harga Pupuk (X1) 1.7005E6 4.04216E5 17

Harga Wortel (X2) 2.4706E3 1012.27757 17

Pengalaman Bertani (X3) 12.6471 7.36496 17

(16)

Model

a. All requested variables entered.

b. Dependent Variable: Dosis Pupuk (Y)

Model Summaryb

a. Predictors: (Constant), Pengalaman Bertani (X3), Harga Wortel (X2), Harga Pupuk

(X1)

b. Dependent Variable: Dosis Pupuk Y

ANOVAb

Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

1 Regression 35834.330 3 11944.777 122.064 .000a

Residual 1272.141 13 97.857

Total 37106.471 16

a. Predictors: (Constant), Pengalaman Bertani (X3), Harga Wortel (X2), Harga Pupuk (X1)

b. Dependent Variable: Dosis Pupuk (Y)

(17)

Harga Wortel (X2) -.003 .003 -.060 -1.140 .275 -.266 -.302 -.059

Pengalaman

Bertani (X3) -.489 .339 -.075 -1.443 .173 .055 -.371 -.074

a. Dependent Variable: Dosis Pupuk

(Y)

Lampiran 10. Hasil Analisis One Sample T-Test Kubis

One-Sample Statistics

N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean

Dosis Pupuk Petani 20 6.0825E2 80.87149 18.08341

One-Sample Test

Test Value = 0

t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference

95% Confidence Interval of

the Difference

Lower Upper

Dosis Pupuk Petani 33.636 19 .000 608.25000 570.4010 646.0990

Lampiran 11. Hasil Analisis One Sample T-Test Kubis Bunga

One-Sample Statistics

N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean

Dosis Pupuk Petani 43 6.6372E2 139.99614 21.34921

One-Sample Test

Test Value = 0

t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference

95% Confidence Interval of the

Difference

Lower Upper

Dosis Pupuk

(18)

Lampiran 12. Hasil Analisis One Sample T-Test Wortel

One-Sample Statistics

N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean

Dosis Pupuk Petani 17 1.9391E2 48.13952 11.67555

One-Sample Test

Test Value = 0

t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference

95% Confidence Interval of the

Difference

Lower Upper

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