ABSTRAK
Populasi mesofauna tanah sangat dipengaruhi oleh ketersedian sumber makanan yang turut mempengaruhi keragaman hewan tersebut pada lingkugannya. Sumber makanan dapat berupa bahan organik yang beragam jenis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis dan cara aplikasi bahan organik pada piringan kelapa sawit terhadap populasi serta diversitas mesofauna tanah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di lahan perkebunan kelapa sawit Aek Pancur, Tanjung Morawa. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial. Faktor pertama jenis bahan organik terdiri dari tanpa bahan organik, serasah, TKKS, serasah + T. harzianum dan TKKS + T. harzianum dan faktor kedua cara aplikasi bahan organik yaitu ditumpuk melingkari tegakan, disebar serta diaplikasikan diujung piringan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi TKKS mampu meningkatkan populasi mesofauna, C-organik tanah serta pH tanah, pemberian bahan organik dalam bentuk serasah + T. harzianum mampu meningkatkan populasi mikroorganisme sedangkan bahan organik dalam bentuk TKKS + T. harzianum mampu meningkatkan aktivitas enzim carboxymethyl-cellulase tanah. Namun pemberian bahan organik tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap bulk density
tanah. Cara disebar mampu meningkatkan populasi mesofauna pada piringan kelapa sawit serta populasi mikroorganisme tanah. Interaksi anatara TKKS yang diaplikasikan secara disebar merata selapis mampu meningkatkan populasi mesofauna tanah dan aplikasi serasah + T. harzianum mampu meningkatkan populasi mikroorganisme tanah. Terdapat 32 famili mesofauna pada piringan kelapa sawit dengan kepadatan populasi, kepadatan relatif serta frekuensi kehadiran tertinggi dari famili Campodeidae, ordo yang paling mendominasi adalah ordo Acari dan Colembola.
Kata kunci : Mesofauna, Diversitas, Bahan Organik, Carboxymethyl-Cellulase, Mikroorganisme Tanah
ABSTRACT
The population of soil mesofauna is strongly influenced by the availability of food sources that influence the diversity of these fauna in its environment. Food sources may include various types of organic materials. This research aimed to determine the effect types and how the application of organic materials on the weed circletowards the population and diversity of soil mesofauna. This research was conducted in oil palm plantations Aek Pancur, Tanjung Morawa. This researchwas use randomize block design factorial. The first factor is the type of organic materials: without any organic material, litter, EFB, litter + T. harzianum and EFB + T. harzianum and the second factor is how the application of organic materials: stacked encircling oil palm, spread a layer and applied at the threshold of the circle. The results showed that application ofEFB was increase mesofauna population , C-organic and soil pH, application litter + T. harzianum was increase the population of soil microorganisms while application EFB + T. harzianum was increaseactivity of enzymes carboxymethyl- cellulase in soil. But the application organic materials was not significantly affect soil bulk density. The application spread a layer was increase the population of soil mesofauna on the weed circle and the population of soil microorganisms. Interaction between EFB which was spread a layer increase the population of soil mesofauna and application oflitter + T. harzianumwhich was spread a layer increase the population of soil microorganisms. There are 32 mesofauna families found on the palmweed circlewhich the population density, relative density and the highest frequency of the attendance was from family Campodeidae, the most dominating order are the order Acari and Collembola.
Keywords : Mesofauna, Diversity, Organic Matter, Carboxymethyl-Cellulase, Soil Microorganisms
