Em Wat water purification unit manual

Em Wat a & o e fYp u fv u fp G

Jp mt ky f

a r mi f; E S

i fv n fy w fjc i f; E S

i fh jy Kjy i fx de f; o dr f; y H

k

r mw du m

r dw fq u fp u m; t a & ; a y : t a jc t a e r sm; w Gi f a & E Si fhy w fo u fo n fh p Dr Hc e fYc GJr I

(WATER MANAGEMENT IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS)

a & v dkt y fc su f

( Water Demand )

a & a y ; E dki fo n fht v m; t v m

( Water Supply Potential )

a o mu fa & a 0 i Sjz e fYjz L; jc i f;

( Drinking Water Supply )

o Hk;a & a y ; a 0 jz e fYjz L; jc i f;

( Washing Water Supply )

a q mu fv ky fa & ; v ky fi e f; r sm; t w Gu fa & a y ; a 0 jz e fYjz L;jc i f;

( Water Supply for construction )

a & jy w fjc i f; o dkUr [ kw fa & r & dSa w mhjc i f;

( Water Shortage or lack of water )

a & o e fYp i fa & ; v ky fu dki f& e fv dkt y fo n fht a jc t a e r sm;

(SITUATIONS WHERE WATER PURIFICATION IS NEEDED )

o e fYp i f& e f& Sdo n fho b m0 a & \ t & n ft a o G;

( RAW WATER QUALITY )

t a & ; a y : t a jc t a e r sm; w Gi f o e fYp i fNy D; a & u dkt o Hk;jy Kjc i f;

Use of purified water in emergency situations

a & o e fYp i fp u fr sm; E Si fh a & o e fYp i fa & ; E Si fh y w fo u fo n fh u dp ör sm;

( Water Purification Units and Treatment Solutions )

EMWAT a & o e fYp i fp u fu dk v u fa w G

Uw y fq i fy HkE Si fh t o Hk;jy Ky Hkr sm;

(Practical Installation and use of EMWA UNIT )

p u fw y fq i f& mw Gi f t " du u sa o mr lr sm;

( Main principle for installtion )

p u fw y fq i fw n fa q mu f& e fa v smfu e fo i fhjr w fa o m a e & ma & G; c s, fjc i f;

( Choosing a proper site for installation )

a & & , lE dki f& e ft w Gu fjy i fq i fjc i f;

( Preparing the water intake )

a & p kw fy dku f

(Suction pipe)

' DZ , fp u fjz i fh a & w i fjc i f;

(Pump with diesel engine)

t e , fp kc e f; w y fq i fjc i f; (Set-up of Flocculaion chamber ) a & p p fy dki f; u dkw y fq i fjc i f;

( Installation of the filter unit )

a & p kw fw i fjc i f;

( Pumping )

t e , fjz p fa p & e fa q ; x n fhjc i f;

( Flocculation )

p p fx kw fjc i f;

( Filtration )

u v dk& i f; jz i hfjy Kjy i fjc i f;

( Chlorination )

jy e fv n fa q ; a Mu mjc i f;

( Back Washing )

v u fa w GUa & a y ; a 0 & mw Gi fw y fq i fr Ir sm; p Dp Ofy Hk

( Practical Set-up of a water distribution )

a & p ky fa r mfw m a r mi f; E Si fjc i f; E Si fh jy Kjy i fx de f; o dr f; jc i f;

( Practical Operation and Maintenance of the motor pump )

r n fo n fht a jc t a e r sdK;w Gi fjz p fa p v lx ko n fu se f; r ma & ; E Si fh z lv Hk;a & ; (

welfare

) w dkUt w Gu f ½ke f; u e fa e & o n fq dkv Qi f v lx kt m; a x mu fy Hhu ln D& r n fht c su fr sm; ü a o mu fo Hk;a & jz e fYa 0 a y ; & e fr Sm t " du a o mhc su fr sm; ü a o mu fo Hk;a & jz e fYa 0 a y ; & e fr Sm t " du a o mhc su fjz p fa v o n f/ t a & ; a y : t a jc t a e r sm; ü r Mu mc P jz p fw w fr Sm a & a y ; a 0 E dki fr I o dkUr [ kw f a & & & SdE dki fr I a v smhe n f; u sq i f; o Gm; jc i f; y i fjz p fo n f/ a & jy w fo Gm; jc i f; u dk q dkv dky go n f/ a b ; ' ku ©ñ SOf; y e f; E Sdy fp u f& ma e & mr sm; r S u i f; v Gw f& mo dkU a & TUa jy mi f; o Gm; Mu & o n fha e mu fo dkU a & v dku fv H a y ; a 0 r I r jy KE dkki fa o ma Mu mi fh jz p fa v o n f/ x dkUa Mu mi fh q dk;& Gm; a o m t a jc t a e r sdK;t m; v Hk;ü r lv jz e fYa 0 a o m p e p fr sm; u dk r v ky fE dki fo jz i hf jy e fv n fx la x mi f ( w n fa q mu f) a e p Ofü a o mfv n f; a u mi f; ? v u f& Sda & a y ; a 0 r Ip e p fr sm; w dk;w u fa u mi f; r Ge fa t mi f v ky fu dki fa e q Jü a o mf v n f; a u mi f; ? a & o e fYx kw fv ky fjc i f; r Sm t a & ; t Bu D; q Hk;a o m v w fw a v ma q mi f& Gu fa y ; & r n fht v ky f jz p fa v o n f/ a & a y ; a 0 r Ip e p f? y w f0 e f; u si fo e fY& Si f; a & ; u se f; r ma & ; y n ma y ;jc i f; r sm; E Si fh t a jc c Hy n m u se f; r ma & ; a q mi f& Gu fr Ia y ; v ky fi e f; r sm; w dkUu dk p kp n f; a y gi f; p y fí t a u mi ft x n fa z mf& e ft w Gu f v ky fi e f; & y fr sm; u dk c sOf; u y f& mw Gi f a w GU& o n fr Sm v lw p fOD; c si f; \ u se f; r ma & ; E Si fh & y fo l& Gmo m; w dkU\ u se f; r ma & ; t a jc t a e r sm; y i fjz p fa v o n f/ þ v u fp GJp mt ky ft a e jz i hf t " du x m; o n fr Sm a & o e fYx kw fv ky f a & ; E Si fh jz e fYjz L; a & ; y i fjz p fa v o n f/ o dkU& mw Gi f a & p Dr Hc e fYc GJr I (

Water management

) t a Mu mi f; u dk o dMu & e f t w Gu f r dw fq u fa y ; jc i f; ? a & o e fYjz p fv ma t mi f a q mi f& Gu fv ky fu dki fjc i f; r sm; E Si fh y w fo u fo n fh t a x Ga x G u dp ör sm; ?

Em Wat Kit 4000

a & o e fYx kw fv ky fr Ip e p f\ v u fa w GUx kw fv ky fr IE Si fh y w fo u fo r Qa o m t c su f v u fr sm; ?

Em Wat Unit

y p ön f; r sm; jz p fo n fh t jc m; a o m p u ft r sdK;t p m;

Model

r sm; p o n fw kdUu dky g þ p mt ky fw Gi f & Si f; v i f; w i fjy x m; y go n f/

t a & ; a y : t a jc t a e w Gi f a & E Si fh y w fo u fo n fh p Dr Hc e fYc GJr I a & o e fYp i fa & ; e n f; y n m& y fr sm;

a & o e fYp i fa & ; E Si fh y w fo u fo n fh t a x Ga x Ga o mt a Mu mi f; t & mr sm;

Em Wat Unit

a & o e fYp u fu dk v u fa w GU& , l^ 0 , f, lí t o Hk;jy Kjc i f; a & a y ; a 0 jz e fYc sDjc i f; t p Dt p Of w p f& y fu dk v u fa w GUa z : x kw fjc i f; / a & p kw fp u fa r mfw mt m; v u fa w GUu dki fw G, ft o Hk;c sjc i f; /

a & o e fYp i fa & ; p DFr Hc su fw p f& y ft & v ky fi e f; t a u mi ft x n fa z : & mw Gi f u ke fu sr n fhp & dw fp u r sm; w Gu fc su fjc i f;

t a & ; Bu D; o n fh v dy fp mr sm; E Si fh & , lx m; & r n fh t a x mu ft x m; t jz p f t o Hk;jy K& e fr sm; w dkU jz p fo n f/ þ p mt ky fu dk t i f* si fe D, mv u fp GJp mt ky f[ k a c : y go n f/ o dkUa o mft i f* si fe D, mr sm; o m t o Hk;jy K& e f r [ kw fy g/ v u fa w GUv ky fi e f; c Gi f u Gi f; x Jw Gi fo Hk;& e f ]] o Hk;e n f; v u fp GJ }} p mt ky fv J& Sdí ? ¤ i f; w Gi f – p u fu dk w y fq i fw n fa q mu fNy D; a & o e fYp i fjc i f; u dk t p Dt p Ofjz i fh a q mi f& Gu f& mü t a & ; t Bu D; q Hk; t c su ft v u f r sm; o my g0 i fy go n f/ p u fw p fp Hkw Gi f p mt ky fw p ft ky fy g& Sdy go n f/ þ v u fp GJp mt ky fw Gi f a & o e fYp i fa & ; E Si fh y w fo u fí y dkr dko d& Sde m; v n fE dki fMu & e ft w Gu f t a jc c Ho w i f; t c su ft v u fr sm; u dk & & SdMu a p & e f Bu dK;p m; w i fjy x m; y go n f/ a & v dkt y fv su f& Sdo lr sm; t w Gu f a & a u mi f; a & o e fYr sm; x kw fv ky f& e fE Si fh jz e fYjz L;a 0 i Sa & ; w Gi f p Dr Hc e fYc GJy Hkw dkUv n f; y g0 i fy go n f/

a z mfjy y gv ky fi e f; & y fr sm; E Si fh y w fo u fí a 0 z e fo Hk;o y fc su fr sm; ? jy Kjy i fjy i fq i fjc i f; r sm; o dkUr [ kw f p dw f0 i fp m; p & ma u mi f; o n fh t Bu HOmP fr sm; a y ; Mu r n fq dky gu Bu dKq dkt y fy go n f/ t Bu Hjy Kc su fr sm; E Si fhw u G u Re fa w mfr sm; t m; a u s; Z l; jy Kí q u fo G, fa p v dky go n f/

a & E Si fhy w fo u fo n fh p Dr Hc e fYc GJr Iw Gi f t a & ; y ga o m v r f; ñ Te fc su ft c sdKUu dk a z : jy x m; y go n f/ ' ku © o n f p c e f; r sm; ? , m, Dp c e f; r sm; ? jy e fv n fjy Kjy i fw n fa q mu fo n fha e & mr sm; ? t o p fx y fr Hí a q mu fv ky f a e o n fh v ky fi e f; c Gi fhr sm; p o n fw dkUw Gi f a & & & Sda & ; t w Gu f t w n fw u sp Dp Ofa q mi f& Gu fr Ir & Sda o ; o n fh

r dw fq u f

( INTRODUCTION )

v u fp GJp mt ky fw Gi f a t mu fa z mfjy y gr sm; y g0 i fy go n f/

t a & ; a y : t a jc t a e r sm; w Gi f a & E Si fh y w fo u fo n fh p Dr Hc e fYc GJr I

t c sde fu mv t w Gi f; v dku fe mMu & r n fh t c su fr sm; jz p fy go n f/ t " du x m; o n fh t c su fr Sm a & a 0 i S jz e fYjz L;a & ; jz p fí a & y dku fa c gi f; r sm; w y fq i fu m a & a y ; o n fh t q i fhy i fjz p fy go n f/

v lo p fw p fa , mu fc si f; t w Gu f a & o e fYr n fí r n fr Q & & Sda t mi f v ky fa y ; r n fq dko n fw Gi f? u se f; r ma & ; t a jc t a e r sm; r n fo n fht a e t x m; & Sda e o n f? a e x dki fa e & o n fh t q i fht w e f; r n fo dkU& dSa e o n f( E Si fh)¤ i f; t & y fa ' o & Sd a & & & SdE dko i fr I t a jc t a e w dkUt a y : w Gi f r lw n fy go n f/ o dkUjz p fa o ma Mu mi fh a & E Si fhy w fo u fí a u mi f; p Gmp Dr Hc e fYc GJjc i f; q dko n fr Sm- t E Å& m, fu i f; í a u mi f; r Ge fo n fha & & & SdE dki f& m a e & mr Se fo r Q t m; v Hk;u dk o dx m; a t mi f v ky f& r n f/ v lw dki f; v lw dki f; u t u sdK;a u s; Z l; r Qa 0 c Hp m; E dki fa t mi f p Dp OfE dki f& r n f/ t & y fa ' o 0 e f; u si fu dk x dc dku fr Ir & Sda p b J? a & o Hk;p GJ& mw Gi fv n f; o i fhw i fha v smu fy w fo n fh t w dki f; t w mt x do mo Hk;p GJo i fhy go n f/

a e & ma ' o r sm; p Gmw Gi f a & & & SdE dki fr I t v Hkt a v mu f& Sdo n f/ o dkU& mw Gi f o Hk;p GJMu & mü r Qw r Ir & Sda y / a & jy w fo Gm; jc i f; ( o Hk;p GJr Ir r Qw jc i f; ) a Mu mi fh p p fr u fjz p fy Gm; Mu a v o n f/ w p f& GmE Si fhw p f& Gmt c si f; r sm; í y # dy u ©jz p fjc i f; ? r do m; p kt w Gi f; p dw f' ku ©a & mu f& jc i f; p o n fw dkUv n f; jz p fw w fMu y go n f/

& y f& Gmw p fc k o dkUr [ kw f a ' o w p fc kw Gi f a e x dki fMu o lr sm; a & v dkt y fc su f r n fr Q& Sdo n fq dko n fr Sm & y f& Gm" a v ht a y : w Gi fv n f; a u mi f; ? t a v ht u si fh p ½kdu fr sm; t a y : w Gi fv n f; a u mi f; ? a e a e & o n fht a jc t a e a y : w Gi fv n f; a u mi f; r lw n fa e o n f/ r n fo dkUy i fq dka p u mr l t z GJUt p n f; Bu D; r sm; ? t p dk;& t z GJUr sm; E Si fh u kv o r * ¾w dkUt a e jz i hf v lw p fOD; w Gi f t e n f; q Hk;v dkt y fo n fh a & y r mP r Sm r n fr Qjz p fa Mu mi f; a q G; a E G; c JhMu a v o n f/

a & v dkt y fc su f p Hc sde fw Gi f t e n f; q Hk;y r mP u dk þ t c e f; w Gi f a z mfjy x m; o n fr Sm - v lw p fOD; o n f w p fa e Yv Qi f a & a u mi f; a & o e fY t e n f; q Hk; 1 5 v Dw m v dkt y fo n f[ k q dka v o n f/ ¤ i f; y r mP w Gi f a o mu fa & v lw p f\ u se f; r ma & ; t w Gu f o Hk;r n fha & E Si fh a q ; a Mu m& e f v dkt y fo n fh a & y r mP p o n fw kdU y g0 i fa v o n f/ ¤ i f; v dkt y fc su fr Sm t c sde ft w dki f; t w m w p fc kw Gi f t e n f; q Hk;v dkt y fc su f jz p fa v o n f/ r do m; p k w p fp ko n f , m, Da o mfv n f; a u mi f; ? t dr fw p fa q mi fjz i hfa o mfv n f; a u mi f; ? y dkí t w n f w u s p w i fí a e o n fE Si fh w p fNy dKi fe u f ( t u , fí a u s;v u fa w m& Gmw Gi fq dkv Qi f) r D; z dka c smi fo Hk; o D; E SHr sm; p dku fí t a o ; p m; a r G;jr La & ; ( w p ft dr fa x mi f ) & Sdr n fjz p fo n f/ x dkt a jc t a e w Gi f a & r sm; p Gm y dko Hk;& r n f jz p fo n f/

r n fo dkUy i fjz p fa p ? a b ; ' ku ©a & mu fjc i f; E Si fh u y fa & m* gjz p fjc i f; p o n fht m; jz i hf t v Ge fc J, Of; Mu y fw n f; o n fh t a e t x m; r sdK;Bu HK& v Qi f? t r Se fw u , f jz p fo i fhjz p fx dku fo n fr Sm – v lw p fOD; t w Gu f w p fa e Yv Qi f a & o e fY 4 v Dw mx u fr e n f; x m; a y ; & r n f jz p fo n f/ o dkUa o mf þ a & y r mP x u fy dkí r sm; r sm; & E dki fa t mi fa w mh w w fE dki fo r Q t jr e fq Hk;p Dp Of& r n f/ o dkUr So m a e x dki fp m; a o mu fr Ir sm; t a jc t a e w dk;w u f v mí a & m* gjz p fy Gm; E dki fr Iv n f; u sq i f; o Gm; r n f jz p fo n f/

a & v dkt y fc su f

- a & v dkt y fo n fhv lOD; a & =

P

- v lw p fa , mu f a & v dkt y fc su fu dk p Hc sde fw p fc k o w fr Sw fc su fo n f

S

jz p fo n fq dkv Qi f? v lw p fa , mu f w p f& u f a & v kdt y fc su fo n f

S

jz p fo n fq dkv Qi f? v lw p fa , mu fw p f& u f a & v kdt y fc su fo n f

S

v Dw m jz p fo n f/

- w p f& u fp kp ka y gi f; a & v dkt y fc su f =

Q

Q = P * S

Oy r m

Q = 7000 * 15

w Gi f v lw p fa , mu fw p f& u fv Qi f 1 5 v Dw mv dkt y fí ? v l – 7 0 0 0 t w Gu f a & v dkt y fc su fr Sm w p f& u fv Qi f 1 0 5 0 0 0 v D w mjz p fr n f/

a & & & Sda & ;p Dr Hc e fYc GJ& mw Gi f t a jc c Hv u fe u fu d& d, mt jz p f t o Hk;jy K& o n fh e n f; v r f; r Sm - v u f& SSd t a jc t a e ü & Sda o m - a & v dkt y fc su fE Si fh a & a y ; E dki fr I t a e t x m; u dk w Gu fc su fjc i f; jz p fí , i f; u dkv ky fi e f; jz p fa jr mu f& e ft w Gu f t a x mu ft x m; t jz p f a p mi fhMu n fh& r n fjz p fo n f/

a & v dkt y fc su f

( Water Demand )

a & a y ;a 0 r Ip e p fu dk p Dr Hc e fYc GJ& e fr Sm - a e Yp Ofa & x kw fa y ; E dki fo n fh jz p fE dki fa c su dk w Gu fc su f ( c e fYr Se f; ) & r n fjz p fo n f/ & & SdE dki fo n fh e n f; y n my dki f; q kdi f& m t a o ; p dw ft c su ft v u fr sm; t a y : w Gi f t a jc jy Kí c e fYr Se f; w Gu fc su f& r n fjz p fo n f/ a & a y ; a 0 r Ip e p fw Gi f t c su ft v u fr sm; p Gm y g0 i fa v o n f/

( u ) a & & & SdE dki f& ma e & m ( t & i f; t jr p f ) ( c ) a & o e fYx kw fv ky fE dki fr It i ft m; ? y r mP ( * ) a & o , f, ly dkUa q mi fE dki fr I

( C ) a & o dka v Smi fE dki fr It i ft m;

( i ) a & jz e fYa 0 E dki fr It i ft m; / w dkUjz p fo n f/

t x u fy gt c su fr sm; t m; v Hk;u dk r Se fu e fp Gm ñ Te f; & r n fjz p fo n f/ o dkUr So m , i f; w dkUu dk v dkt y fo v dk a y gi f; p y fw GJz u fí t jy n fht 0 t o Hk;c sE dki fr n f jz p fo n f/ a y : v Gi fx i f& Sm; o n fr Sm t c su fw p fc ko n f t m; e n f; a e o n f? p Gr f; t m; t e dr fhq Hk; jz p fa e o n fq dkv Qi f p e p fw p fc kv Hk;\ a & a y ; E dki fr I t v m; t v mu dk t u e fYt o w fjz p fa p r n f ( o dkYr [ kw f ) a v smhe n f; a p v dr fhr n f jz p fo n f/

( u ) a & & & Sd& mt & i f; t jr p f

( Water Source )

a & & & Sd& ma e & mo n f jr p fjz p fE dki fo n f/ a & u e fBu D

;

lake

o dkUr [ kw f a & u e f

pond

? a & w Gi f; ? a & p D; a Mu mi f;

channel

r sm; jz p fo n fh a c smi f; a jr mi f; r sm; v n f; jz p fE dki fo n f/ a & & & SdE dki fo n fh a e & mr sm; r Sm -a e Yp Of&-amp; &-amp; SdE dki fo n f o dkUr [ kw f a e mi fv n f; a & & Sn fw Gi f & E dki fo n f p o n fw dkUu dk c e fYr Se f; Mu n fh& y gr n f/ r sm; p Gma o m t a w GUt Bu HKr sm; t & q dkv Qi f - a & & & Sd& m a e & mw p fc kr S & o n fha & u dk t jc m; a & o Hk;o n fh o lr sm; e Si fh r Qa 0 o Hk;p GJ& jc i f; jz p fa v o n f/ t o Hk;jy K& e f v dkt y fo n fh a & y r mP E Si fh a y ; a 0 & r n fh a & y r mP r sm; u dk a o c smp Gm c e fYr Se f; w Gu fc su fr Ir sm; p w i fo n fh t c sde fr Sp í y i f - t jc m; w p fz u f & y fo l& Gmo m; r sm; ? t mP my dki ft z GJUt p n f; r sm; E Si fh a jy mq dkñ SdE Idi f; c JhMu o n fq dky gu jz p fa y : v mE dki fo n fh jy ó e mr sm; u dk e n f; y g; a p v dr fhr n fjz p fo n f/

þ v u fp GJp mt ky fu dk t a u mi f; q Hk; t o Hk;c sE dki f& e ft w Gu f a w G; a c : Bu Hq w Gu fc su fe n f; r sm; u dk a v hv mr n fq dky gu t i f* dkv mE dki fi H\ t a Mu mi f; t & mw p fc ku dk e r le mt jz p f a t mu fy gt w dki f; a w G& r n f jz p fo n f/

Coragem, Angoda

u dk& m* si f? t i f* dkv mE dki fi H

a & & & dS& m t & i f;t jr p fr Sm a & p D; a Mu mi f; Bu D; w p fc kjz p fí ( a & & o n fht c sde fr sm; w Gi f ) v Hka v mu fp Gm & E dki fo n fht a e t x m; jz p fo n f/ t a w GUt Bu HKr sm; t & q dkv Qi f t a Mu mi f; t r sdK;r sdK;a Mu mi fh & Hz e f& Hc gw Gi f r & Sda Mu mi f; a w GU& a v o n f/ þ o dkU a & jy w fjc i f; r sdK;o n f

Coragem

& Sda & a y ; a & ; u @ ü c u fc JMu y fw n f; v S o n fh t c sde fr sm; y i fjz p fo n f/ x dkUt jy i f a & a y ; a 0 a & ; p Dr Hc su f& Sda o m

Viana

& Sd t mP my dki fr sm; t m;

Coragem

w Gi f t r Se fw u , f v dkt y fo n fh a & y r mP E Si fh y w fo u fí jy n fhjy n fhp Hkp Hkt a Mu mi f; Mu m; w i fjy x m; o n fr Sm a o c sm& JUv m; q dko n fu dk Mu n fh& r n f/ , c ka z : jy o n fh t a Mu mi f; u dkMu n fhí a e mi fw Gi f t jc m; a o m t & y fa ' o r sm;w Gi f t & y fo m; v lx kt w Gu f a & & & Sda & ; p Dp Ofo n fht c g y dkr dku s, fjy e fYp Gm v ky fu dki f o i fho n fjz p fa Mu mi f; þ jy , k* fu dk o i fc e f; p m, l& r n f jz p fy go n f/

( c ) a & o e fYx kw fE dki fo n fh p Gr f; t my r mP

( WaterTreatment Capacity )

& Hz e f& Hc gw Gi f a & u dk a o mu fa & o e fY p Hc sde ft q i fhr sdK;t x d o e fYp i fx kw fv ky f& e f t a Mu mi f; a y : w w fy go n f/ a & o e fYp i fjc i f; u dk a E S; a o mo Ja & p p f

Slow sand Filters

r sm; jz i hf p p fE dki fo n f/ t x l; jy Kv ky f x m; a o m t y dki f; r sm; w Gi f z dt m; o Hk;í p p fE dki fo n f/

(Special

pressure

units)

a & o dy fr a e mu fy gu o dkUr [ kw f a e mu fMu n fhr I

turbidity

t q i fhe dr fha e y gu u v dk& i f; jz i hf o e fYp i fa y ; jc i f; u dko m v ky fí & o n f/ a & p p f\ r n fr Q p p fE dki fo n fq dko n fu dk - w Gu fc su fí v n f; a u mi f; ? w dki f; w mMu n fhí v n f; a u mi f; o dE dki fy go n f/ v ky fi e f; c Gi f ( u Gi f; x J)w Gi f t o Hk;jy K& e ft w Gu fr Sm a & p p fw p fc kjz i hf a & r n fr Qp p fx kw fE dki fo n fu dk p e p fw u s t a Mu mi f; Mu m; ? t p D& i fc Ho n fq dky gu a & p p fw p fc k\ p Gr f; t m; y r mP u dk t a u mi f; q Hk;c e Yfr Se f; E dki fr n f jz p fo n f/ r n fo kdUy i fjz p fa p u mr l a & p p f\ x kw fv ky fE dki fr Ip Gr f; t m; E Si fh ñ Sdí a & o e fYp u f

treatment plant

u dk ' DZ dki f; a z : x m; o n fq dkv Qi f? , i f; o dkUp Dr Hx m; o n fht a Mu mi f; u dko dx m; & r n f/ o dkUr So m a e mu fy dki f; w dk;w u fr I r n fo dkU& & SdE dki fo n fq dko n fht v m; t v mr sm; u dk o d& r n f jz p fo n f/

Angda

E dki fi H

Coragem

w Gi f a q mi f& Gu fy Hku dk Oy r mx m; í Mu n fhr n fq dkv Qi f - a & u dko e fYp i f& e f e n f; 2-e n f; o kH; x m; a Mu mi f; a w GU& o n f/

( 1 ) Bu D; r m; a o mp w D; u e fBu D; x Jw Gi f o Ja & p p fw p fc ku dk w y fq i fx m; jc i f; / p w D; u e f\ a & 0 i f q e fYr Ir Sm – 4 5 0 0 0 v Dw m& Sdo n f/

( 2) ' DZ , fo Hk; a & p kw fp u fE Si fh a r mi f; E Si fx m; a o m z dt m; a y ; p e p fo Hk;a & p p f E m Wa t Un i t t y p e w p fc kw y fq i fx m; í o Ja & p p fE Si fh u mA Ge fa & p p f a c t i v e c a r b o n Fi lt e r 2 r sdK;v Hk;u dk t o Hk;jy Kx m; o n f/

( 1 ) o mr e fa & p p f

( Slow sand Filter )

u dk p w D; u e fBu D; x Jw Gi f w y fq i fx m; í 0 i fq e fYo n fh a & x kx n fr Sm – 4 5 u kA r Dw mjz p fo n f/ ¤ i f; a & u e fr su fe Smjy i f{ & d, mr Sm 3 0 p w k& e f; r Dw m& Sdo n f/ a & p p f\ x kw fv ky fE dki fr Ir Sm t a e a w mf ( o i fha v smffhE Ie f; )

Optimum Filter Speed

jz p fí w p fe m& Dv Qi f

7cm

r S

12cm

t x djz p fa o ma Mu mi fh a & x kw fv ky fr Ir Sm w p fe m& Dv Qi f 2 .1 r S 3 .6 u kA r Dw mjz p fo n f/ þ o Ja & p p fjz p fa o m

slow sand Filters

r sm; r Sm a e Yp Of - 24 e m& Djz i hf & u fo w åy gw fr sm; p Gm t v ky fv ky fE dki fo n f/ w p fe m& Dv Qi f a & u kA r Dw m 2 .1 r S .6 t x d x kw fv ky fE dki fo n f/ þ o dkUp p fx kw fE dki fa o ma Mu mi fh o e fYp i fNy D; a & x kw fv ky f E dki fr Ir Sm 5 0 r S 8 6 u kA a y t x djz p fo n f/ t u , fí & & Sdx m; a o m o mr e fo b m0 a & w Gi f o J? t e , f t r Ie f? & GHUE Sp f p o n fw dkUr sm; p Gm y gv my gu a & p p fo n fhE Ie f; u dka v smhc s& y gr n f/ a &

ppf

Filter

u dk a q ; a Mu mjc i f; E Si fh y w fo u fí v u fp GJp mt ky fw Gi f Mu n fh½IE dki fy go n f/

a & p p f

Filter

\ Bu D; r m; u s, fjy e fYa o m r su fe Smjy i fw Gi f

microorganisms

r sm; jz p fa y : y Gm; r sm; o jz i hf , i f; w dkUu a & w Gi fy ga o m t E Å& m, f& Sda o m y dk;r Tm; r sm; E Si fh Z D0 ½ky f

organisms

r sm; u dk o e fYp i fa p a o ma Mu mi fh? ¤ i f; r su fe Smjy i fu dk & GHUE Sp fr sm; z , f& Sm; o n fr St y a q ; a Mu mjc i f; r jy Ko i fha y /

y Hk ( 1 ) /

Coragem

& Sd a & o e fYx kw fv ky fa & ; E Si fh o dka v Smi fa & ; v ky fi e f; a e & mjz p fo n f/ p w D; u e f 2- c k w Gi f w p fc kr Sm r o e fYp i f& a o ; a o ma & 4 5 u kA r Dw mu dkv n f; a u mi f; ? w p fc kr Sm o e fYp i fNy D; a & 4 5 u kA r Dw mu dk v n f; a u mi f; o dka v Smi fx m; E dki fo n o f/ o mr e fa & p p f

Slow sand Filter

y ga o m p w D; u e fr Sm n mb u f r Dw m–3 0 0 c e fY t u Gmw Gi f& Sdo n f/ t v , fw Gi f& Sda o m a & p kw fw i fo n fht y dki f;

pump house

w Gi f a & p p f z dt m; a y ; p u f

pressure

filter

unit

& Sdo n f/ b , fb , f& Sd t a q mu ft ODw Gi f & Gmx Jo dkU a & y dkUv Tw fjz e fYc sDo n fh p u f& Sdo n f/

( 2) z dt m; o Hk;í a & p p fo n fhp e p f

the pressure filter system

w Gi f ' DZ , fq Do Hk;a & p kw fp u fu dk t o Hk;jy K o n f/ a & u dk o Ja & p p fE Si fh " gw fa jy mi f; v Jjc i f; jz p fa y : a p o n fh u mA Ge fa & p p f

( active carbon filter )

w kdUu dk jz w fo e f; o Gm; a p y go n f/ o Ja & p p fu dk t o Hk;jy K& jc i f; t a Mu mi f; r Sm a & a e mu fu sdr Ie n f; o Gm; a p í u v dk& i f; a & mp y f& e f o i fha v smfo n fh t a jc t a e o dkU a & mu f& e fjz p fo n f/ u mA Ge fa & p p fo n f a & \ t a & mi fE Si fh t & o mu dk a jy mi f; v Ja p y go n f/ x dkt a jc t a e w Gi f a & m* gy dk;t m; v Hk;E Si fh a & m* gjz p fa p w w fa o m Z D0 ½ky fr sm; t m; v Hk;u dk u v dk& i f; " gw fu a o a Mu y su fp D; a p r n fjz p fo n f/

Coragem

& Sd a & p p f\ y Hkp H' DZ dki f; u dk w p fe m& Dv Qi f a &

4m

3

/h

o dkUr [ kw f a & v Dw m –4 0 0 0 u dk o e fYp i fE dki fa p & e f jy Kv ky fx m; y go n f/ t o Hk;jy Ko n fhp u fr Sm

Em Wat Unit 4000

jz p fí t o Hk;jy Ko n fh ' DZ , fq Do Hk;p u fr Sm

Combardini

hjz p fo n f/ o b m0 a & \ a e mu fu sdr It a y : w Gi f r lw n fí a e Yp Ofy i f a & p p fu dk t Bu dr fa y gi f; r sm; p Gm a & u si f; í a q ; a Mu m& r n f/ a & u dkp p fNy D; í u v dk& i f; " gw fjz i fh y dk;o w fo n fh t c gü b w fw D; & D; , m; y dk;r Tm; E Si fh Z D0 ½ky f

organisms

r sm; u dk a o a Mu y su fp D; & e ft w Gu f a & u dko dka v Smi fu e f x Jw Gi f t e n f; q Hk; r de p f - 3 0 x m; & r n f/ a e Yp Of x kw fv ky fE dki fo n fh y r mP r Sm p u fv n fc sde fa y : w Gi f r lw n fy go n f/ y Hkr Se ft m; jz i hf

Em Wat Unit

u Jho dkUa o m p u fr sdK;u dk w p fa e Yv Qi f v n fy w fc sde f 4 e m& Dr S 1 0 e m& Dt x d a r mi f; a v h& Sdo n f/ p u fu dkp Ofq u fr jy w f Mu n fh½Ip p fa q ; a e & e fr Smr l v dkt y fa v o n f/ þ o dkU a r mi f; E Si fv n fy w fv Qi f o e fYp i fNy D; a o ma & w p fa e Yv Qi f

16m

3 r S

40m

3 & a y r n f/ ¤ i f; r Sm a & v Dw ma y gi f; 1 6 0 0 0 r S 4 0 0 0 0 jz p fa v o n f/ e n f; y n my dki f; q dki f& m ½Ia x mi fhr SMu n fhv Qi f w p fa e Yv Qi f 24 - e m& D p u fv n fí & o n f/ o dkUjz p fa o mfji m; v n f; a x mu fu ly Hhy dk;r Ia y ; a e o n fh t z GJUt p n f; t a y : w Gi fu m; a w mi f; q dkr Iv Ge fu Jo n fh t a e t x m; o dkU a & mu fa y v dr fhr n f/

t c sKy fq dk& a o mf

Coragem

w Gi f& dSa e o n fh a & p p fr sm; E Si fh a & o e fYx kw fv ky fr Iu dk p e p f 2 - c kv Hk;E Si fh v n fy w fy gu w p fa e Yv Qi f a & o e fY

160m

3o dkUr [ kw f v Dw ma y gi f; - 1 6 0 0 0 0 x kw fv ky fE dki fr n fjz p fo n f/

u st mi f p Dp Ofx m; & e f v dkt y fa v o n f/ a & a y ; a 0 jz e fYc sDE dki fp Gr f; o n f ½ky f0 w ¬Ky dki f; q dki f& mu e fYo w fc su fr sm; E Si fh p Dr Hc e fYc GJr Iy dki f; q dki f& m t a Mu mi f; & y fr sm; a y : w Gi f r lw n fv su f& dSo n f/

Coragem

w Gi f a & a y ; a 0 y Hku dk Oy r mx m; í Mu n fhr n f/

a & y dku fa c gi f; r sm; ? a & w dki fa x mi f& ma e & mr sm; w Gi f r sm; a o mt m; jz i hf a c gi f; r sm; ü z dt m; e n f; a Mu mi f; a w GU& o n f/ ¤ i f; r Sm - a & a v Smi fu e fE Si fh a & y dku fa c gi f; w dkU t e dr fht jr i fh u Gmjc m; r Ie Ja o ma Mu mi fh jz p fa v o n f/ y Hkr Se ft m; jz i hf u Gmjc m; r Ir Sm w p fr Dw m x u fe n f; a v o n f/ z dt m; e n f; a o ma Mu mi fh y dku fa c gi f; r S a & x Gu f& e f t c u ft c J& Sdo jz i hf a & t m; e n f; Ny D; a & jy n fh& e f t c sde fMu ma v o n f/ t e u fa & mi f a & y dku fa c gi f; jz p fa o m

Scan Water

r S

Hi – Flo

y dku fa c gi f; r sm; r Sm z dt m; e n f; a o mt c gw Gi fy i f p Hc sde fr SD a & S; y dku fa c gi f; r sm; jz p fa o m

Talfo

a c gi f; r sm; x u f 3 q r Q? a & z dt m; a u mi f; a v o n f/

o i f\ & n fr Se f; c su fr Sm - p kp ka y gi f; v lOD; a & - 7 0 0 0 & Sda e c sde fw Gi f? v lw p fa , mu fc si f; t m; a & - 1 5 v Dw mp Da y ; a 0 & e f jz p fo n f/ t u , fí , i f; 1 5 v Dw ma y ; a 0 & e f 3 - r de p fMu mo n f q dky gp dkU/ ( 3 - r de p fw Gi f v lw p fa , mu fr S w p fa , mu fa jy mi f; jc i f; u dky g x n fhw Gu fNy D; jz p fo n f/ )

a & c H& e fv dka o mt c sde fr Sm

7 0 0 0 _ 3 r de p f = 21 0 0 0 r de p f/ o dkYr [ kw f y dku fa c gi f; w p fc kw Gi fo mq dkv Qi f 3 5 0 e m& D Mu ma y r n f/

Coragem

w Gi f v u f& Sdt a jc t a e t & a o mu fa & a y ; a o m a & w dki f ( 7 ) c k& Sdí ? a & w dki fw p fc kp D w Gi f a & y dku fa c gi f; 6 - c k& Sdo n f/ o dkUjz p fa o ma Mu mi fh a & y dku fa c gi f; p kp ka y gi f; 4 2- c k& Sda e o n f/ þ o dkUz GJUp n f; w y fq i fx m; o jz i hf o i fht w Gu fv dkt y fo n fr Sm -

3 5 0 e m& D ; y dku fa c gi f; 4 2 –- c k = 8 .3 e m& D - y dku fa c gi f; w p fc kp Dr S a & a y ; & e fMu mc sde fo n f 8 .3 e m& Djz p fa y r n f/

a z mfjy y g jz p fp Ofu dk Mu n fhv Qi f

Coragem

w Gi f a e x dki fo lr sm; t w Gu f a e Yp Ofa o mu fa & v dkt y fc su f u dk þ u Ge f, u fjz i fh jz e fYc sDa 0 i Sy gu 8 - e m& D Mu mr n f[ k t a jz x Gu fy go n f/ a e a & mi fjz i hf v i f; v i f; c si f; c si f; v ky fr n fq dkv Qi f c e fYr Se f; a jc t m; jz i fh a e Yb u fw Gi f 1 4 e m& D v ky fE dki fo jz i fh t c sde fa y gr sm; v Hka v mu f o n f[ k , lq í & y go n f/ r n fo kdUy i f jz p fa p u mr l? t u , fí o m v lOD; a & ½kw fw & u fw dk;v mr n fq dkv Qi f r n fo dkUjz p fo Gm; E dki fo n fu dk a w G; & a w mhr n f jz p fo n f/

a o mu fa & a 0 i Sjz e fYjz Ljc i f;

DRINKING WATER SUPPLY

a & u dkr do m; p kr sm; t m; jz e fYjz L; a y ; o n fht v ky fw Gi f w c gw & Hü a o mu fa & u dko m a 0 i Sjz e fYjz L;& a v o n f/ p e p ft m; v Hk;x Jw Gi f þ o dkUjz e fYjz L; jc i f; u dk a q mi f& Gu fy Hkr Sm - a & a y ; & mp c e f;

water station

o dkU r do m; p k w p fc kc si f; u v ma & mu fMu í a e Yp Ofa o mu fa & c GJw r f; , lo n fhe n f; jz p fy go n f/ v lx kt m; jz e fYc sDo n fh a & r Sm a o mu fa & o mjz p fo n f[ k q dkv kdy go n f/ r n fo dkUy i f jz p fa p u mr l a & o e fYp i fjc i f; v ky fi e f; u dk v Hka v mu fp Gm r v ky fE dki fo n fh t c gr sm; w Gi f ( o dkUr [ kw f) a & o e fYp i f& mw Gi f t q r w e f p & dw f p u Bu D; r m; o n fht c g - a o mu fa & p Dp Ofa 0 i Sjc i f; u dk t jc m; a & v dkt y fc su fr sm; r S o D; jc m; c GJx kw fí a q mi f& Gu f a y ; & r n fjz p fo n f/

t u , fí a & a y ; a 0 & mw Gi f a o mu fa & E Si fh o Hk;a & u dk c GJjc m; v dkku fr n fq dkv Qi f a & E Si fh y w fo u fo n fh p Dr Hc e fYc GJr Iu dk p e p fw u s p Dr Hc su fc sí a q mi f& Gu f& r n fjz p fo n f/ v lx ku dk a u mi f; p Gmo i fw e f; a y ; & e fE Si fh a & & & Sda & ; v ky fi e f; r sm; a e Yp Ofa q mi f& Gu fo n fht a y : w Gi f a u mi f; p GmBu D; Mu y f& e fv n f; v dkt y fy go n f/ a o mu fa & jz e fYjz L; & mw Gi f t x l; y Hkp Ha z mfí jy Kv ky fx m; a o m a & y dku fa c gi f; r sm; t o Hk;jy Ky go n f/ & y fo l& Gmo m; r sm; t a e jz i hfv n f; u se f; r ma & ; E Si fhn Dñ Gw fo n fh o e fY& Si f; p Gmu dki fw G, fa q mi f& Gu fe n f; r sm; t w dki f; o w dx m; v ky fu dki fMu & r n fjz p fy go n f/

a o mu fa & a y ; a 0 & mw Gi f r n fo dkUa o mt a jc t a e r sdK;w Gi fr q dk? a & a y ; & ma e & mü Bu D; Mu y fx de f; o dr f; & r n fjz p fo n f/ & y fo l& Gmo m; t r sm; u dkv n f; Mu n fv i f& Si f; v i f; o n fh ñ Te fMu m; c su fr sm; jz i hf a jy mq dk& Si f; jy a y ; & y gr n f/ t a & ; Bu D; o n fh t c su fw p fc kr Sm a o mu fa & x n fha o my Hk;p o n fw dkUu dk a q ; a Mu mjc i f; E Si fh a o mu fa & u dk o e fY& Si f; p Gmx m; jc i f; p o n fu dk t dr fa x mi fp kr sm; t q i fhw Gi f v u fa w GUv dku fe mMu & e f jz p fo n f/ a & w n fx m; & e ft w Gu f y Hk; p o n fw kdUu dkv n f; jy n fhp Hkv Hka v mu fp Gm jz e fYjz L; a y ; x m; & r n f jz p fo n f/ a & r Sm u v kd& i f; E Si fh " gw fjy KNy D; y gu a & w Gi fv Hka v mu fa o mu v dk& i f; " gw f& Sda e r n fjz p fNy D; t dr fw Gi ft o Hk;jy Ka e o n fh a & y kHk;? t dk;t p & Sda o m x n fho dkp & my p ön f;

Container

r sm; u dk t v dkt a v smu fy dk;o w f

disinfect

v dr fhr n fjz p f o n f/ a & u dku v dk& i f; x n fhí " gw fjy Ka p u m y dk;o w f& a Mu mi f; u dk & y fo l& Gmo lr sm; o da t mi f & Si ff; jy x m; & r n f/ o dx m; & e fv dko n fh t a & ;Bu D; a o m t c su fr Sm - u v dk& i f; " gw fa & mp y fx n fho Gi f; x m; a o m a & u dk o Hk;w w f& e ft w Gu f t u si fh& v ma t mi f t c sde fe Si fht r Qa p mi fh& w w fo n f/ q dkv dko n fr Sm - t p y dki f; w Gi f u v dk& i f; jz i hf jy Kjy i fx m; a o ma & u dk r o Hk;v dkMu o jz i hf r o Hk;b J? o e fYp i fjy Kjy i fx m; jc i f; r & dSa o m o b m0 a & u dk jy e fí o Hk;Mu a o ma Mu mi fh? a & r Sw q i hf & E dki fa o ma & m* gt E Å& m, fr sm; E Si fh & i fq dki f& E dki fa v o n f/ v lw p fa , mu ft w Gu f a e Yp Ofa o mu fa & v dkt y fc su fr Sm - t e n f; q Hk; 3 v Dw mr S 5 v Dw mt x d jz p fy go n f/

o Hk;a & a y ; a 0 jz e fYjz L; jc i f;

( WASHING WATER SUPPLY )

t x u fw Gi f a z mfjy x m; o u Jho dk a & a y ; a 0 jc i f; u dk 2- y dki f; c GJjc m;E dki fo n f/ a o mu fa & E Si fh a q ; a Mu m& e fo Hk;a & ( t dr fo Hk;) c GJjc m; jc i f; jz p fo n f/ þ a e & mw Gi f ( o Hk;a & ) [ la o mp u m; t o Hk;t E Ie f; r Sm a o mu f& e fE Si fh c su fjy Kw f& e fr St y t dr fa x mi fp kt w Gi f; t jc m; a e & mr sm; w Gi f o Hk;& e fv dkt y fa o ma & u dk q dkv dk y go n f/ a & u dkv dkt y fo n fr Sm c su fjy Kw f& e ft dk;c Gu fy e f; u e fp o n fw dkU o e fYo e fY& Si f; & Si f; E Si fh Mu n fha u mi f; ? ½Ia u mi f; jz p fa p & e f? t 0 w ft p m; r sm; a v Qmfz Gw f& e fe Si fh w p fu dk, fa & o e fY& Si f; u se f; r ma & ; w dkUt w Gu f jz p fy g o n f/

a z mfjy y ga & t o Hk;c sr Ir sm; t w Gu f a & v dkt y fc su fu dk w dw du su sc e fYr Se f; c su fa y ; & e fr Sm c u fy go n f/ t a w GUt Bu HKt & q dkv Qi f a & a z ga z go Do D& a v ? a v Qmfz Gw fa q ; a Mu mjc i f; r sm; u kd t c sde fu ke fc Hí r sm; r sm; v ky fMu a v jz p fo n f/ r Sw fo m; & r n fr Sm v lw p fa , mu fc si f; E Si fh r do m; p k u se f; r ma & ; t a jc t a e a u mi f; & e f t w Gu f a & c sdK;jc i f; r Sm t v Ge ft a & ;Bu D; a v o n f/ a & c sdK;& e fp o n fw dkUt w Gu f w p fa e Yv Qi f v lw p fa , mu f v dkt y fo n fh a & y r mP r Sm t e n f; q Hk; 1 0 v Dw m jz p fy go n f/

a & o e fYp i fo n fh v ky fi e f; r Sm t a jc t a e a Mu mi fh jy n fh0 v kHa v mu fp Gm r x kw fE dki fb J t u e fYt o w fE Si fh jz p fa e o n fh t c gr sdK;w Gi f - a q ; a Mu m? a v Qmfz Gw f? a & c sdK;& e fw dkUt w Gu f t & n ft a o G; e n f; a o m a & u dk jz e fYa 0 E dki fo n f/ t r Se ft m; jz i fh o Hk;a & t a e jz i hf a e mu fu sdr Ie n f; y g; & r n fjz p fNy D; ? " gw ky p ön f; r sm; a y smf0 i fr I r & Sd? n p fn r f; r Ir & Sdo n fha &

Chemical Pollutants

r y go n fha & jz p f& r n f/ a & þ r Q o e fYa e r n fq dkv Qi f a y ga y gr sm; r sm; o Hk;jc i f; jz i hf u se f; r ma & ; a u mi f; o n f[ lo n fht q i fhw Gi f & Sda e & e f jz p fE dki fy go n f/

Coragem

w Gi f v ky fu dki fy Hkr Sm -

a jr e dr fhy dki f; w Gi f& Sda o m o b m0 a & ( a & u e f& Sda & ) jz i hf? a & u e fw Gi f a & a y ; a 0 a & ; t x l; p c e f; z Gi fhu m o Hk;a & jz e fYjz L;a y ; y go n f/ a & a y ; a 0 a & ;p c e f; 3 - c k

( 3 Water stations )

w Gi f a & y dku fa c gi f; 6 c kx m; a y ;í a q ; a Mu ma v Qmfz Gw f& e f v dkt y fo n fr sm; u dkv n f; p Dp Ofa y ; x m; o n f/ o dkUjz p fa o mfv n f; a q ; a Mu m a v Qmfz Gw fa e Mu o n fr sm; u dk ( a o mu fa & r sm; p Gmv dkt y fo n fht c g) o Hk;a & a v smho Hk;Mu & JUv m; q kdo n fu dka w mh Bu D; Mu y f& y go n f/ a c smi f; ( a & p D; a Mu mi f;

Channel

) x Jw Gi f & & dS& JUv m; q kdo n fu dk Mu n fh& r Sm jz p fo n f/

a q mu fv ky fa & ; v ky fi e f; r sm; t w Gu f a & a y ; a 0 jz e fUjz L; jc i f;

(

WATER

SUPPLY

FOR

CONSTRUCTION )

t dr f, ma q mu fv ky fa e Mu o n fh a e & mr sm; w Gi f a q mu fv ky fq Jv ky fi e f; r sm; t w Gu f y e f; & Ht v ky fw Gi f a & t a jr mu ft r sm; v dkt y fy go n f/ ¤ i f; a & o n f t & n ft a o G; r n fo dkU& Sd& r n fq dko n fh v dkt y fc su fr & Sdy g/ a & v dko r Q& E dki fo n fq dko n fht c su fo m t " du jz p fo n f/ & Hz e f& Hc gw Gi f a q mu fv ky fa & ; a e & mr sm; o dkU a & u dk a & o , fu m; Bu D;

tankers

r sm; jz i fha y ;y dkUo n f/ a ' o c Ha e & mw Gi f a jr a y : ü & GUHjz i fhr Hx m; a o m u e fo dkUr [ kw f y v y fp w p f& Gu fBu D; r sm; jz i hf u e fu Jho dkU a & a v Smi fu e fr sm; w Gi f r dk;a & c Hí v n f; a u mi f; ? a c smi f; a & c y fx n fh x m; jc i f; jz i fhv n f; a u mi f; a & a v Smi fx m; í & y go n f/ ¤ i f; a & r sm; r Sm a q mu fv ky fa & ; v ky fi e f; w Gi fo m o Hk;& e fjz p fí t jc m; r n fo n fha e & mw Gi fr S t o Hk;r jy Kb kdU o w dx m; & r n f/ a & o n f r n fo dkUt r sdK;t p m; jz p fa Mu mi f; o dr x m; v Qi f u se f; r ma & ; t w Gu f t E Å& m, fjz p fa p E dki fy go n f/

a z : x kw f& y gr n f/ a & jy w fa w mu fo Gm; & e f jz p fE dki fr n fh t a e t x m; ? v u ©P mr sm; u dk a y : v Gi fx i f& Sm; p Gm a w GUjr i f& y gu t c sde ft e n f;i , fa v ; r Qy i f t u ke fr c Hb J t a & ; , la q mi f& Gu f& r n fjz p fy go n f/

a & o e fYp i fa & ; v ky fu dki f& e f v dkt y fo n fh t a jc t a e r sm;

( SITUATION WHERE WATER PURIFICATION IS NEEDED )

t a & ;a y : t a jc t a e r sm; u dk t q i fhq i fhc GJjc m; í jy x m; y go n f/ v lo m; c si f; p me ma x mu fx m; u ln D& e ft w Gu f y Hk ( 2) w Gi f jy x m; y go n f/ v lx k\ v u fa w GUa e x dki fMu & o n fh t a jc t a e ? & mo DOw ka Mu mi fh jz p f& o n fh t c u ft c Jp o n fjz i hf u GJjy m; v su f& dSo n f/

.

b u fp Hk½Iy fa x G; p Gm' ku ©a & mu fjc i f; a & Bu D; jc i f; r dk;a c gi fjc i f;

t a & ; a y : t a jc t a e a w GU& Sd& o n fr sm; a w GU& Sdo n fhr sm;

r D; a w mi fa y gu fu GJjc i f;

a jr i v si f' P f

y Hk ( 2) / t a & ;a y : t a jc t a e r sm; w Gi f v lo m; c si f; p me ma x mu fx m; o n fh t u lt n Dr sm; t a u mi ft x n f a z : & y go n f/ t Nr Jy i f& & & Sda & ; E Si fh o e fY& Si f; a & ; r Sm t a & ; Bu D; a o mu @ t jz p f& y fw n fy go n f/

y ljy i f; a jc mu fa o GUo n fha e & mr sm; t a t ; v Ge fu Jo n fht & y fr sm;

Nr dKUjy a e & mr sm;

a u s;v u fa w m& Gmr sm;

½Ia x mi fht r sdK;r sdK;E Si fh v smx m; c su ft r sdK;r sdK;u dk r Se f; q x m; v su f? a & o e fYp i fa & ; t w Gu fu dk a t mu fa z mfjy y g t c su fr sm; u dk t a jc jy Kí t a jz x kw fE dki fy gv dr fhr n f/

w p f& u fx kw fv ky fE dko n fha & o e fYy r mP E Si fh a y ; a 0 E dki fo n fh v lOD; a & / .

a & o e fYp i fx kw fv ky f& mw Gi f t & n ft a o G; E Si fhE Si fh t a & t w Gu fr n fo n fu dk OD; p m; a y ; r n f/ a & o e fYp i fa & ; v ky fu dki fo n fhy Hkp H/

type

w kdUjz p fy go n f/

& y fo l& Gmo m; ? v llx kt m; a & a y ; a 0 & mü ( u GJjy m; jc m; e m; a o m y w f0 e f; u si f t a jc t a e t r sdK;r sdK;) w Gi f t o Hk;c sE dki f& e ft w Gu f a & a o mu fo Hk;r IE Si fh y w fo u fo n fh t a Mu mi f; t & m t c su ft v u ft c sdKUE Si fh v r f; ñ Te f c su fr sm; u dk o d& Sd& e f ½dk;o m; & Si f; v i f; o n fh a t mu fa z mfjy y gZ , m; jz i hf w i fjy r n f jz p fy go n f/ , i f; w Gi f- w p fe m& Dv Qi fa &

m3

( w p fu kA r Dw m) E Ie f; jz i hf p kp ka y gi f; a & r n fr Q x kw fv ky fa Mu mi f; ? w p fr de p fw Gi f x kw fv ky f a o mv Dw m? w p fa e Yx kw fv ky fr I y r mP ( E Si fh) a & a y ;a 0 v dku fE dki fo n fhv lOD; a & u dkv n f; a u mi f; w i fjy x m; o n f/

y Hk(4 ) / / w p fe m& Dx kw fv ky fE dki fo n fh a & y r mP E Si fha e Yp Ofx kw fv ky fr IMu mc sde f ( 8 ) e m& Dr S

( 2 0 ) e m& Dt x djz p fo n f/ 0 i f½dk;E Sp fc kp v Hk; & Sd a v mh* & p fo i ft c sdK;r sm; u dkMu n fhy g/

a & o e fYp i fp u fr sm; t r sdK;r sdK;& Sd& mw Gi f ¤ i f; w dkU\ x kw fv ky fE dki fr Ir sm; r Sm - 1 0 v Dw m

(

0.01m

3

/h )

r S w p fe m& Dv Qi f 1 0 0 ç0 0 0 v Dw mt x d jz p fo n f/ t c sdKUr Sm þ y r mP x u fy dka v o n f/ w p fa e Yw m x kw fv ky fr I Mu mc sde fe m& Dr sm; t u GJu GJt jy m; jy m; & Sdí ? a & a y ; a 0 & r n fh v lOD; a & r Smv n f; u GJjy m; y go n f/ w p fa e Ya & a y ; a 0 & r n fh v lOD; a & t e n f;i , fo m& Sdo v dk? v l 1 0 0 ç0 0 0 a v mu ft x da y ; & o n fr sm; v n f; & Sdw w fy go n f/

v lw p fOD; t w Gu f y u w d v kdt y fo n fh a & y r mP

u kv o r * ¾E Si fh u r Çmhu se f; r ma & ; t z GJU

( UN & WHO )

w dkU\ v r f; ñ Te fr It & r Sm - p Hc sde fp Hñ Te f; t & v klw p fa , mu ft w Gu f w p fa e Yv Qi f a & 1 5 v Dw m v dkt y fo n f[ k q dkx m; y go n f/ o dkUjz p fa o mfv n f; t a w GUt Bu HKr sm;t & q dkv Qi f x l; jc m; p Gmc u fc Jo n fht a jc t a e r sdK;w Gi f v lw p fa , mu fv Qi f 4 v Dw mo m a y ; E dki fí ¤ i f; t a e t x ; u dky i f a u se y fc Jh& o n fr sm; & Sda v o n f/ o dkUa o mfv n f; x dku Jho dkUa o m t jz p fr sdK; v n f; t a & ; a y : jz p fa Mu mi f; & Si f; v i f; p Gme m; v n fx m; & y gr n f/ a & y dkí ^ w dk;a y ; jc i f; jz p fa jr mu fa t mi ft w Gu f q dkv Qi f r n fo n fhe n f; v r f; E Si fhy i fjz p fa p v ky fu dki fa q mi f& Gu f& r n f/ t a Mu mi f; r Sm a y ; a 0 v dku fa o m a & y r mP t e n f; t r sm; r Sm v lx kt w Gi f; a & m* gb , jz p fy Gm; a p E dki fr IE Si fh e D; p y fp Gmq u fp y fo u fq dki fa e a o m a Mu mi fhjz p fy go n f/

þ v u fp GJp mt ky ft a e jz i hf t " du x m; o n fr Sm o e fYp i fa & ( a & o e fY)u dk t o Hk;t r sm; q Hk;jz p fo n fh t z GJUr sm; \ t a jc t a e t & y f& y fo dkUa v hv mjc i f; jz p fí , i f; a v hv mc su fr sm; w Gi fNr dKUi , fr sm; & Sdv lw p fOD; c si f; \ a & v dkt y fc su fr sm; y g y g0 i fy go n f/ y Hkjy Z , m; ( 5 ) w Gi fv n f; w p fe m& Dv Qi f a & 1 u kA r Dw m x kw fv ky fr Iu dk jy x m; o n f/ þ y Hkjy Z , m; w Gi f t v G, fw u la w GUjr i f& o n fr Sm r n fo n fha e & m t & y f^ u @ w Gi f a & o e fYp i f x kw fa y ; E dki fr I r n fr Qv dkt y fa e a Mu mi f; y i fjz p fo n f/

y Hkjy Z , m; ( 5 ) / / þ y Hkjy Z , m; o n f y Hk(4 ) u dkt a jc c Ht jz p f a e mu fc Hx m; a v o n f/ v lo m; c si f; p me m a x mu fx m; í t u lt n Da y ; & mw Gi f x l; jc m; o n fht a jc t a e r sdK;r sm; ü jz p fa y : o n fh a & o Hk;p GJr IE Ie f; r sm; u dk a z : jy x m; y Hk jz p fy go n f/

o e fYp i f& e f& Sdo n fh o b m0 a & \ t & n ft a o G;

( RAW WATER QUALITY )

v lo m; c si f; p me ma x mu fx m; a & ; t z GJUt p n f; r sm;t a e jz i fh v Iy f& Sm; a q mi f& Gu f& e ft w Gu f x l; jc m; o n fh t a & ; a y : t a jc t a e r sm; a y : a y gu fv mo n fht c gw Gi f jy Kjy i fa y ; & e f a w GU& o n fh a & r Sm o b m0 y w f0 e f; u si fr S& a o m a & o mjz p fo n f/ ¤ i f; r Sm p u f½Hkr sm; r S t n p ft a Mu ; r sm; E Si fh t jc m; a o m r sm; jy m; v So n fh t n p ft a Mu ; a y gi f; p Hkw dkU y g0 i fjc i f; r & Sd[ k t " dy Üg, f& a v o n f/ þ o dkUq dkx m; a o mfv n f; t jy n fht 0 r r Se fy g/ t b , fa Mu mi fhq dka o mf v Ge fc Jha o m E Sp fr sm; u Bu D; r m; v Sa o mNr dKUBu D; r sm; E Si fh p u fr Ix Ge f; u m; a o m a e & ma ' o r sm; ü y dkr dkq dk;& Gm; a o m jy ó e mr sm; jz p fc Jha o ma Mu mi fhjz p fo n f/ r n fo kdUy i fjz p fa p ? o Hk;o y f Mu n fh& e ft w Gu fr Sm o b m0 y w f0 e f; u si fw Gi f& Sda o m a & w Gi f v u ©P mo Hk;& y f& Sdí , i f; w dkUu dk o e fYp i fa t mi f jy Kjy i f& e ft a & ; Bu D; a v o n f/

1 / a & a e mu fu dsr Ijr i hfr m; jc i f;

( organic and inorganic )

2 / q m; " gw fy g0 i fr Ijr i hfr m; jc i f;

3 / r sm; jy m; a o m o b m0 " gw fa y gi f; r sm; jz p fo n fh p de f

( arsenic)

? o w åK" gw fr sm;

( heavy

metals)

E Si fh z v lt dk½dku f" gw fa y gi f;

( fluoride )

r sm; y g0 i fa e jc i f; w dkU jz p fy go n f/

a & o e fYp i fa & ; v ky fu dki f& mw Gi f t r sm; q Hk;Bu HKa w GU& o n fh q dk;& Gm; a o mjy ó e mr S a & a e mu fu sdr I

jr i fhr m; jc i f; ( t v Ge fa e mu fjc i f; ) y i fjz p fy go n f/ a & o e fYp i fa t mi fv ky fu dki f& o n fh v ky fi e f; t m; v Hk;w Gi f t jc m;

a o m Z D0 ½ky fE Si fh a & m* gjz p fa p o n fh a y smf0 i fy p ön f; r sm; u dk z , fx kw fjc i f; r jy KE kdi fr D a & u dkMu n fa t mi f t & i f

v ky f& y go n f/ o dkUjz p fa o ma Mu mi fh a & p p fjc i f;e n f; v r f; t r sdK;r sdK;r Sm a & o e fYp i fjc i f; v ky fi e f; r sm; w Gi f

t a & ; Bu D; v Sa y o n f/ t y ly dki f; a ' o r sm; w Gi f jr p fr sm;r S& a o m jr p fa & a e mu fu sdr It w dki f; t w mr sm; -

NTU

, le p f- 1 0 0 0 x u fr sm; a v o n f/ t " dy Ü, fr Sm a & u dka z gu fx Gi f; í jr i f& jc i f; o n f 1 p i fw Dr Dw mx u fe n f; a v

o n f/ u v dk& i f;

chloride

" gw fr x n fhr Dw Gi f a & u dkx dk;a z gu fí jr i f& o n fr Sm t e n f; q Hk;

NTU

, le p f 4 0

p i fw Dr Dw m& Sd& r n f/

a & w Gi fq m; " gw fy g0 i fr I jr i hfr m; a o m a e & ma ' o r sm; ü a & o e fYp i fa & ; v ky fu dki f& mw Gi f t q i fht e n f;

i , fu dko m v ky fE dki fMu o n f/ a jz & Si f; o n fhe n f; r Sm p dr fh0 i fy sHUE SHUa p a o me n f; jz p fo n f/

osmosis and reverse

osmosis

jz p fo n f/ þ e n f; \ t u sdK;a u s;Z l; r Sm o w åK" gw fr sm; p GmE Si fh t jc m; a o m a y smf0 i f y p ön f; r sm; u dk

jz p fp Oft a w mt w Gi f; z , f& Sm; jc i f; jz p fy go n f/ q m; " gw fr sm; a o m a & u dk? a y gi f; c Hí v n f; & y go n f/

t a & ; a y : t a jc t a e r sm; a y : a y gu fw w fo n fh a e & ma ' o r sm; p Gm& Sdí ? , i f; a ' o r sm; & Sd o b m0 a & r sm; w Gi f

p de f( t mp Je p f) ? Z v lt kd½dku fE Si fh t jc m; o w ¬K" gw fw dkUr sm; p Gm y g0 i fa v o n f/

( arsenic, fluoride and heavy

metals. )

a & w Gi fa & ma E Smy g0 i fv su f& Sdo n fh a z : jy y gt r , fr sm; a Mu mi fh t a & ; a y : t a jc t a e r sm; w Gi f

x kdu Jho dkUo b m0 a & u dkr o Hk;b J - a & Smi f& r n fjz p fo n f/

t a & ;a y : t a jc t a e r sm; E Si fh t a & ; a y : a q mi f& Gu fr I t u lt n Da y ; jc i f; r sm; u dk OD; w n fí v ky fu dki f& m

w Gi f v lw dkUt w Gu fy x r OD; p m; a y ; t a e jz i hf v ky f& r n fr Sm a & & & Sda & ; jz p fy go n f/ 0 e fx r f; r sm; ?u ln Dy Hhy dk;v su f

& Sda o mo lr sm; E Si fh ' ku ©a & mu fo lv lx kt w Gu fy g a & & & Sda & ; o n f t a & ; Bu D; q Hk;jz p fo n f/ v lo m; w p fa , mu f

t w Gu f a & v dkt y fo n fq dk& mw Gi f - a o mu f& e f? o e fY& Si f; a & ; ? a q ; a Mu ma & ; E Si fh c su fjy Kw fa & ; w dkUt w Gu f

jz p fy go n f/ t a & ; a y : t a jc t a e w Gi f a & v dkt y fc su fu dk jz n fhq n f; & mw Gi f v ky fa e u sa q mi f& Gu fy Hkr Sm -

a o mu fa & w p fr sdK;w n f; u dko m a o mu fí & o n fht q i fht x d jy Kjy i f& e fBu dK;p m; jc i f;jz p fy go n f/ t v Ge f

x l; jc m; o n fh t a jc t a e r sdK;r sm; w Gi f? r n fo dkUy i fjz p fa p u mr l a o mu fa & E Si fho Hk;a & u dk o D; jc m; c GJí

jz e fYjz L;E dki f& e ft w Gu f t a jz & Sm& r n f jz p fy go n f/

Bu HKa w GU& o n fh t a jc t a e & y fr sm; p Gmw dkUw Gi f a o mu fa & jz e fYa 0 jc i f; u dk t e n f; i , fo m t u e fY

t o w fjz i fh x de f; c sKy fa y ; a 0 í a q ; a Mu m& e fa & jz e fYjz L; jc i f; E Si fh c GJjc m; x m; & r n fjz p fo n f/ r n fo dkUy i f

jz p fa p u mr l a z : jy c Jha o m t a jc t a e r sdK;r sm; t w Gu f 0 e fx r f; r sm; u dka & m & y f& Gmu dky go i fw e f; a y ; jc i f; E Si fh

y n mjz e fYhjz L; kjc i f; w dkU p Dp Ofa q mi f& Gu f& e f v dkt y fa y o n f/ a p mi fhMu n fha v hv mjc i f; E Si fh Bu D; Mu y fu Gy fu Jjc i f;

w dkUw Gi fv n f; p e p fu s& r n fjz p fí a & jz e fYa 0 & mw Gi f v dkt y fc su fr sm; jz p fa o m a & a v Smi fu e f? w dki fu D?

a & y dku fa c gi f; w y f& mw dki f ( a & w kdi f) E Si fh o Hk;a o ma & y dku fr sm; p o n fw dkUu dkv n f; E Sp fq w dk;o i fhw dk;& r n f

jz p fo n f/

a & o e fYp i fp u fr sm; E Si fh a & o e fYp i fa & ; E Si fh y w fo u fo n fhu dp ör sm; t a jz & Smjc i f;

( Water Purification Units and Treatment Solutions )

a q mi f& Gu f& e fv ky fi e f; a e mu fw p fq i fhr Sm - v u f& Sdt o Hk;jy Ka e o n fh e n f; y n m& y fr sm; r n fo dkU

r n fy Hk& Sdo n fu dk Mu n fh& e fjz p fí ? v lo m; c si f; p me ma x mu fx m; o n fh t z GJUt p n f; r sm; \ v ky fi e f; r sm; w Gi f

t o Hk;jy Kx m; o n fh a & o e fYp i fp u fr sm; u dkv n f; a v hv mMu n fh½I& e fjz p fo n f/ a v hv m& mü c sOf; u y fe n f;

t r sdKl;r sdK;& Sd& mw Gi f t " du e n f; 2- r sdK;r Sm u v dk& i f; o Hk;í y dk;o w fo n fhe n f; E Si fh t jc m; e n f; r sm; r Sm

UV lampus

( c & r f; v Ge fa & mi fjc n fr D; ) ?

Ozone

E Si fh

ion exchange based techniques

r sm; jz p fy go n f/ a & u dkp p f, ljc i f; jz i hf

a & m* gy dk;r Tmr sm; z , fx kw fo n fh e n f; y n mu dk, c kw i fjy c su fr sm; w Gi f ]] t E kp dw fa & p p f}}

Micro Filters[ k

a c : q dko Hk;E Ie f; r n fjz p fy go n f/ ¤ i ff; a & p p fw Gi fy ga o m t a r S; v Tm

membrane

& Sd t a y gu fr sm; r Sm t v Ge f

a o ; r Tm; í a & m* gy dk;r Tm;

Pathogenic Bacteria

r sm; x u fa o ; i , fa v o n f/ t & G, fr Sm

( 0.04 Microns )

jz p f

o n f/

e n f; y n my dki f; q dki f& mw dkU\ t r sm; p ko n f v ky fi e f; p Oft q i fht r sdK;r sdK; u GJjy m; p Gmt o Hk;c sv su ft & n f

t a o G; r w ln Da o m o b m0 a & r sm; u dkjy Kjy i f& mw Gi f a Mu e y fa v mu fa o mt a jz u dk& & e f v ky fu dki fv su f& SdMu

o n f/ v ky fi e f; a q mi f& Gu fa e Mu o n fht r sm; p kr Sm o b m0 a & w Gi fy g0 i fo n fh t e , fr sm; r S Z D0 & ky fr sm; E Si fh

Z D0 & ky fr [ kw fo n fw dkUu dk z , f& Sm; & e ft w Gu fa & p p f& e fv dky go n f/ a & p p f, lo n fhe n f; y n mt c sdKUw Gi ft x l; o

jz i fht E kp dw fa & p p f

Micro Filtersr sm; o H

k;Mu & mw Gi fv n f; o w åKt r Ie ft r Tm; r sm; y dk;o w fa q ; r sm; t jy i f a & m* g

jz p fa p w w fa o mZ D0 & ky fr sm; u dky g z , f& Sm; y p fy go n f/ o dkUjz p fa o mfv n f; x dko dkUz , f& Sm; y p fE dki f& e fr Sm o b m0

a & w Gi fy g0 i fv su f& Sdo n hf t jc m; a o m& ky fj' A fr sm; u Z D0 & ky fr [ kw fa o m y p ön f; r sm; w Gi f w G, fu y fa e r I t a y :

y Hk(6 ) / / t o Hk;t r sm; q Hk;a o m a & o e fUp i fo n fh v ky fi e f; t q i fhr sm; w Gi f a & y r mP E Si fha & \ t & n f

t a o G; q u fp y fjc i f; u dk jy a o my Hk

y Hkw Gi fjy x m; o n fh v ky fi e f; p Oft q i fhr sm; r Sm v lo m; c si f; p me ma x mu fx m; a & ; t u lt n Dr sm; u dk

t a & ; y : t a jc t a e r sm; w Gi fv n f; a u mi f; ?z GUHNz dK;a & ; t u lt n Dr sm; a y ; & mw Gi fv n f; a u mi f; ?u @ t c sdKUt w Gu f

& n f& G, fa z mfñ Te f; o n fh t c su fr sm; jz p fy go n f/ t Nr Jo jz i fh & i fq dki f& a o m t c u ft c J t Mu y ft w n f; r Sm

a & p p fjc i f;

(Filtration)jz p fo n f/

t b , fa Mu mi fhq dka o mfo b m0 a & & o n fr sm; r Sm ( Z D0 & ky fy gjz i f; ? Z D0 &ky f

u i f; r Jhjc i f; ) r sm; w dkUE Si fha v ; v Hr sm; jy m; v Sa o m t e , ft E Sp fr sm; y gv ma o ma Mu mi fhjz p fo n f/ t e , ft E Sp f

r sm; y ga o ma Mu mi fh a e mu fu sdr IE Ie f; u dkw kdi f; w mí

15NTU

w u fr sm; v Qi f a & p p fo n fh v ky fi e f; t v G, fy i f

a E S; a u G; o Gm; r n f jz p fo n f/ t E kp dw fa & p p fjc i f;

(Micro–Filtration)

o n fv n f; a & p p f r sm; y dw fq dkUo jz i fh

t v ky fr jz p fa w mha y / o Ja & p p fr sm; jz p fa o m

Sand–Filter

r sm; r Sm 3 - b u f?

3- Dimensionlal

Mu m; c Hx m;

a o ma Mu mi fh a e mu fu sdr I jr i fhr m; ( t v Ge fa e mu fu sd ) a o ma &

( High Turbidity Water )

u dk p p fE dki fo n f/

o Ja & p p fr sm; r S o Jjy e f a q ; jc i f;

back – washing

r Sm t a r S; y g; a & p p f

(Membrane Filters)

r sm; x u fy dkí

x da & mu fr I& Sda v o n f/

a & m* gy dk;o w fjc i f; q dko n fr Sm r n fo n fhZ D0 & ky fr sm; u dkr q dk z , f& Sm; y p fjc i f; jz p fí o e fUp i fa Mu mi f; t m

r c HE dki fo n fht a e t x m; jz p fo n f/ a & m* gy dk;o w fo n fht q i fhw Gi f a & r SmMu n fv i fa e í a e mu fu sdr It w dki f; t

t w mt m; jz i fh

( 15 NTU )

t q i fhw Gi f& Sda v o n f/ a b ; t E Å& m, fu i f; & Si f; o n fha o mu fa & o e fUt p p ft r Se f

& & Sdo n ft x dv ky fu dki f& a o mt q i fhr sm; r Sm u v dk& i f; jz i fh" gw fjy Kjc i f; ?t a o ; p dw fp p fx kw fjc i f; ? c & r f; v Ge f

a & mi fjc n fa y ; jc i f; ? o H" gw fa jy mi f; v Ja p jc i f; ? a t mu fq D* si f" gw fa y ; jc i f; w dkUjz p fí ¤ i f;w dkUr St r sm; q Hk; t o Hk;

jy Ka o me n f; v r f; r sm; jz p fa v o n f/

, c kt q i fht x dt u sOf; ½Hk;í a z mfjy & r n fq dkv Qi fa & o e fUp i f& mü r n fo n fhp e p fu dko Hk;o n fjz p fa p a e mu fu sdr I

r sm; a o m a & u dkr Se fu e fa o m e n f; y n my dki f; q dki f& mr sm; E Si fh a y gi f; p y fv su f y dk;o w fjc i f; y i f jz p fy go n f/

y Hk ( 7 ) / / a & o e fUp i fp u fE Si fh y w fo u fo n fht p dw ft y dki f; r sm; jy a o my Hkjz p fy go n f/ v u fe u f u & d, m

a o w åmw Gi f y ga o my Hkr sm; u dky Hk ( 8 ) w Gi fMu n fh& IE dki fy go n f/

y Hk ( 8 ) / / u & d, ma o w åmw Gi f y g o n fh- p u fw y fq i f& e f? p u fv n f y w f& e fE Si fh p u fjy i f& e fu d& d, mr sm; /

p u fw y fq i f& mw Gi f t " du u sa o mr lr sm;

( Main Principles for Installation )

( 1 ) p u fw y fq i fo n fht c gw Gi f a & & & Sd& ma e & m? v HkNc HKa & ; E Si fht jc m; v kdt y fc su fr sm; p o n fw dkUu dk o da e

o n fh a ' o c H? & Gmc Hw kdUE Si fht w lw u Gv ky fu dki f& r n f/

( 2) p u fu dkw y fq i fr n fha e & mo dkU r o , fr SDv dkt y fo n fhu & d, mt p dw ft y dki f; r sm; t m; v Hk;jy n fhp Hkr I& Sdr & Sd

p p fa q ; & r n f/

( 3 ) p u fu dkw y fq i fr n fha e & m a & G; o n fht c g a jr jy i ft a jc t a e a & a y ; a 0 & r n fh o lr sm; E Si fht e D; a 0 ;

o Gm; a & ; v ma & ; v G, fu lr IE Si fh p u fu dkv HkNc HKp dw fc s& o n fha e & mu dka & G; c s, f& r n f/

a & p p fo n fht p dw ft y dki f;

Filter

Unit

u dkw d& dp äme fr sm; E Si fh u i f; v Gw f& m c dk;0 Su fí r & ? v HkNc HKo n fha e

& mw Gi fx m; & r n f/

a & p p fo n fht y dki f; ( u & d, m

Filter Unit )

a & a v Smi fo n fht y dki f; E Si fh a & y dku fa c gi f; w y fq i fx m; & m

w dki fr sm; u dke D; u y fp Gmx m; & r n f/ o dkUr So mc dk;, lí a y smu fq Hk;jc i f; r St u mt u G, fa y ; & e f v G, fu lr n f

jz p fy go n f/

p u fy p ön f; r sm; a e & mc sx m; w y fq i f& mw Gi f jr p fa & r su fE Smjy i f?u e fa & r su fE Smjy i fw dkUx u fjr i fha o m

a e & mw Gi fx m; & r n f/ r dk;o n f; x e fa o mt a jc t a e r sm; u dky g x n fho Gi f; p Of; p m; x m; Ny D; jz p fo n f/

a v Smi fx m; o n fh a & u dk x kw fo n fha e & m ( a & x Gu fa y gu f ) o n f a & y dku fa c gi f; r sm; x m; & ma e & m x u f

1 a y o dkUr [ kw f 1 a y a u smfa u smfp o jz i fh jr i fh& r n f/ o dkUr So ma jr q GJt m; jz i fh a & y dku f a c gi f; r sm; q Do dkU

a & t v dkt a v Qmu fu sr n fjz p fo n f/ a & p kw fw i fo n fht q i fhr v dkt y fa w mhy g/

a & & , l& e ft w Gu fr Sm ( t Nr Jy i f ) Mu n fa o ma & u dk& Sm& r n f/ a e mu fu sdr It e n f; q Hk;jz p f& r n f/ r lv

o b m0 & Sdo n fh a & u e fo dkUr [ kw f a & u e fw l; & e f a e & ma u mi f; r sm; w Gi f & Sma z Gw l; a z mfE dki fo n f/

a & SUw Gi f& Si f; jy x m; c Jho n fht w dki f; y i f? o b m0 & & Sdo n fha & o n f a e mu fu sdr Ie n f; a v a v p p fx kw fo n fh

a & a u mi f; a v a v jz p fNy D; a & p p f

Filter

v n f; Mu m& Sn fc Ha v jz p fo n f/ q dkv dko n fr Sm a & x kw fv ky fE dki fr I

t i ft m; y dkr sm; v mr n fjz p fNy D; jy i fq i fx de f; o dr f; & o n fht v ky fe n f; y g; o Gm; r n f jz p fo n f/ o dkUjz p fa o ma Mu mi fh

t q i fa jy a c sma r GUa o m a & o e fUp i fa & ; p Dr Hc su fw p fc k jz p fa jr mu f a t mi fjr i f& e fr Sm - a & & & Sd& e f

Water Intake

t w Gu f o i hfa v smft y fp y fo n fha e & mw p fc ku dk & a t mi f& Sma z Gjc i f; o n ft a & ;Bu D; v Sa Mu mi f; a w GU& a v o n f/

p u fw y fq i fw n fa q mu f& e fa v smfu e fo i fhjr w fa o m a e & mu dka & G; c s, fjc i f;

( CHOOSING A PROPER SITE FOR INSTALLATION )

a & o e fUp i fp u fw y fq i fw n fa q mu f& e fa e & mu dk t v Ge fo w d& Sdp GmE Si fh a & G; c s, fo i fha v o n f w p fc g

w p f& Hw Gi fp u fu dkv a y gi f; r sm; p Gmt o Hk;jy Kv su f& Sda o mfv n f; t q i fa jy r Ir & Sdb Ja e Up OfE Si fh t r Qy i f t c u ft c J

a jc c Hí q Hk;jz w f& r n fjz p fo n f/ a & & & SdE dki fr n fha e & mt u Gu ft u Gi f; \ t a jc t a e ? a & p kw f, l& r n fh a e & m\

t o Gi ft jy i ft a e t x m;

Characteristics

E Si fh a & G; c s, fx m; o n fhv ky fu dki f& r n fh a jr r su fE Smo Gi fjy i f

Terrain

w dkUr Sm p Of; p m; & r n fht c su fr sm; jz p fy go n f/ p e p fu sa o m p u fw y fq i fw n fa q mu fr I\ t u e fUt o w f

Imitations r sm; E S

i fh q u fp y fa e o n fht a jc t a e 3 & y fr Sm -

a & a y ; a 0 r Ia e & m\ t jr i fhq Hk;jz p fE dki fo n fha e & m a & a y ; a 0 r Ia e & m\ a 0 ; E dki fo r Qt a 0 ; q Hk;a e & m

o Hk;a e o n fha & p kw fp u fr S t r sm; q Hk;E Si fht e n f; q Hk;w i fE dki fo n fha & y r mP

a & o e fUp i fp u fw p fc k ' DZ dki f; a z mfx kw fx m; y Hkr Sm a & o e fUx kw fv ky fr It r sm; q Hk;& & SdE dki f& e fjz p fí

a & o e fUp i fr Iv ky fi e f; u dkv n f; p e p fu sa p & e fy Hka z mfx m; y go n f/ o dkUjz p fa o mfv n f; & & Sdo n fh o b m0 a & \

t & n ft a o G; a u mi f; r a u mi f; t a y : w Gi fr lw n fa e u m p dw fa Mu e y fa v mu fo n fh t a jc t a e t x d o e fUp i f

a t mi fv ky f& r n fjz p fo n f/ a & e n f; v Qi fe n f; r n f?r sm; v Qi f v n f; r sm; r n f/ o dkUjz p fí z dt m; a y ;a & p p f

Pressure Filter Unit

w p fc kjz i fh a & r n fr Qx kw f& r n fq dka o m u e fUo w fc su f w p fc kr & Sda y / þ t c su fu dk

t p Ofo w dx m; v su f t a jc t a e t r sdK;r sdK;w Gi f

Unit

u dkt o Hk;c sE dki fr n fjz p fo n f/ o dkUjz p fa o ma Mu mi fh

a & o e fUp u ft w Gu fa e & m a & G; c s, f& mw Gi f t x l; o w dx m; & e f a & o e fU& & Sda & ; w Gi fv n f; t & n ft c si f;

jy n fhr DSp Gma q mi f& Gu f& e f p o n fw dkUr Smt o Hk;jy Ko n fhp u fu & d, mr sm; r S t u sdK;jz p fx Ge f; r It r sm; q Hk;& & dSa p & e ft

w Gu fv dkt y fc su fr sm; jz p fa v o n f/ a & o e fUp i fx kw fv ky fa y ; a 0 a & ; w Gi fa & z dt m; p e p fE Si fh y w fo u fí a t mu fy g

t a jc t c Hr Ir sm; u dke m; v n fo a b ma y gu fx m; & r n fjz p fy go n f/

( 1 ) a & o e fUp i fp u fE Si fha & p kw fp u fw kdU\ t e dr fht jr i fhu Gm; jc m; a v a v p u ft w Gi f; & Sdz dt m; e n f; a v a v jz p fo n f/

( 2) a & o e fUp i fp u fE Si fha & p kw fp u fw dkUa 0 ; u Gma v a & y dku fr sm; t w Gi f; & Sdy Gw ft m;

Friction

q Hk;½HI; r Ir sm; a v jz p fv su f –- a & o e fUp i fp u f\ z dt m; e n f; a v jz p fo n f/

( 3 ) a & p kw fp u fo n f a & & & Sd& ma e & mx u fjr i fha v p e p f

( System )

t w Gi f; z dt m; e n f; a v jz p fo n f/ a & p kw fp u f\ a & p kw fo n fhb u f

(Suctions Side)

w Gi f t e n f; i , fr Qa o m ' u fp Dr Dw m

( Decimetres

Decimetre )

u Gmjc m; & Hkjz i hf z dt m; a y ; o n fhb P fw Gi f

Pressure

r sm; p Gmu sq i f; a v o n f/

a & p kw fw i f& o n fh t p Dt p Ofr sm; w Gi f z dt m; q dko n fr Sm a & u dkw i fa y ; & o n fht jr i fh ( r n fr Qjr i fho n f)

a y : w Gi fr lw n fa v o n f & Hz e f& Hc gw Gi fa & w i fa y ; & r n fht jr i fhu dka c gi f;

Head

[ kt r n fa y ; x m; o n f/ a & & Sd& m

a e & mw dkU\ t e dr fht jr i fhu Gmjc m; c su fr sm; u dk z dt m; a c gi f;

Pressure Head

[ ka c : Mu o n f/ w p fa e & m

E Si hfw p fa e & mt v Ge fa 0 ; u Gmv Qi f a & p kw fw i fo n fht c gü r n fo n fha & y dku fw Gi f; ü r q dk jz p fv mo n fh y Gw ft m;

Friction

a Mu mi fh

Final Head

v n f; a v Qmhu sv mr n fjz p fo n f/ a & y dku fw Gi f; ü & Sda o m y Gw ft m;

Friction u dk

w dk;v ma p a o m t a Mu mi f; r sm; r Sm y dku fw Gi f; & Sda & t v si f

Velocity

y dku fr sm; a u G; í q u fx m; jc i f; E Si fh

Valve

r sm; w dkUa Mu mi fh jz p fo n f/ Oy r mt m; jz i fh y dkv Do v i f; y dku f\ t 0 u s, f 6 3 r Dv Dr Dw mt c si f; & Sdo jz i fh y Gw ft m;

q Hk;& HI; r Io n f 1 - r Dw mv Qi f t Mu r f; z si f;t m; jz i fh 0 .7 p i fw Dr Dw mq Hk;& HI; a v o n f/ ¤ i f; r Sm

4m

3

h

jz p fo n f/

w p fe m& Dw Gi f a & 4 - u kA r Dw m y r mP & dSy go n f/ q dkv dko n fr Sm r Dw m5 0 0 t u Gmt a 0 ; & Sda o mt c gw Gi f

þ a & p kw fp u f\ p kw ft m; r Sm 3 .5 r Dw m a v smhe n f; r n fjz p fo n f/ p u fw y fq i fx m; o n fh a e & mE Si fh, SOfí

y Hk ( 9 ) / / a & p kw fp u fE Si fh a & o e fYp i fp u fr sm; u dk w y fq i fo n fht c g , i f; w dkUy dku fr sm; t w G

a & p D; a e o n fh E Ie f; u dk w p fe m& Dv Qi f 4 0 0 0 v Dw m t x d jz p fa e a t mi f p Dp Of& r n f

a & o e ffUp i fjc i f; u dk jz p fE dki fo r Q t a u mi f; q Hk;

Optimun

jz p fí a & u dkv n f; t r sm; q Hk; x kw fv ky fE dki f

& e ft w Gu f a q mi f& Gu f& r n fr Sm t e dr fht jr i fh

Head Differences

r sm; u dk a & o e fUp i fp u f\ v u ©P m& y fr sm;

E Si fhv n f; a u mi f; ? a & y dku ft w Gi f; y Gw ft m;

Friction

q Hk;& HI; r Ir sm; E Si fhv n f; a u mi f; ñ SdE Idi f; c sde fq í v ky f& y g

r n f/ a & o e fUp i fp u f w y fq i fw n fa q mu fr n fh a e & ma & G; c s, f& mw Gi f a t mu fa z mfjy y g t a jc c Hr lr sm; u dk

x n fho Gi f; p Of; p m; & r n fjz p fo n f/ p u fw y fq i fjc i f; r jy Kr D o mr e ft m; jz i fh a t mu fy gt w dki f; c sde fq w Gu fc su f

& r n fjz p fo n f/

a & o e fUp i fp u fjy Kv ky fx m; o n fh

design

\ x kw fv ky fE dki fr Ip Gr f; t m; u dkp p fMu n fh& e f/

a & p kw fp u fx m; & e f a & t & i f; t jr p f ( a & & & Sd& mjr p fu e fp o n f) E Si fh jz p fE dki fo r Q t e D; q Hk; a e & mu dk & Sm& e f/ a & p kw fw i fjc i f; t w Gu f a & E Si fh a & p kw fp u f t e dr fht jr i fhu Gmjc m; c su fu dk c e fUr Se f; Mu n fh& I& e f/

a & p kw fp u fw Gi f r n fo n fht jr i hft x da & ( r n fr Q) y dkUE dki fa Mu mi f; ( Z , m; ) r sOf; a u G;

Curve

u dk Mu n fhí a & o e fUp i fp u f\ y Hkp H' DZ dki f; t & y g& Sda o m a & p kw fy dku f

Suction

Head

\ t jr i fhE Si fh a & x kw fv ky fE dki fr Ip Gr f; t m; p o n fw dkUE Si fhr n fo dkUñ SdE Idi f; x m; a Mu mi f; Mu n fh& r n f/ þ t e dr fht jr i fh

Head

u dk a jr r su fE Smo Gi fjy i f u Gmjc m; c su f o dkUr [ kw f t u Gmt a 0 ;w p fc kc ka Mu mi fh q Hk& HI; o n fh y Gw ft m; q Hk;& HI; r I

Friction

Loss

p o n fw dkUt w Gu f t o Hk;jy KE dki fo n f/ t x u fy gw dkUu dk o d& Sd x m; r So m a & o e fUp i fp u fw p fc kw y fq i fw n fa q mu f& e f a e & mr Se fw p fc ku kda & G; c s, fE dki fy gr n f/

y Hk ( 1 0 ) / / a & o e fYp i fp u fw y fq i f& mw Gi f a & p kw fp u f\ t a jc t a e ( t a e t x m; ) E Si fh a jr t e dr ft jr i hf

t o Gi fo @ e fw dkUt a y : w Gi f t a jc c Hp Of; p m; E dki f& e f t a jc t a e 3 - & y fu dk a z mfjy x m; y Hk/

a & & , lE dki f& e ft w Gu f jy i fq i fjc i f;

PREPARING THE WATER INTAKE

t a u mi f; q Hk;a o mt a jc t a e w p fc kr Smjr p fa Mu mi f; w p fa v Qmu f\ w p fa e & mw Gi fa & u e fw p fu e fa w GU

jc i f; o dkUr [ kw fBu D; r m; v Sa o ma & u e fBu D; w p fu e f

Lake\ t e D

; w Gi fa & u e fi , fw p fc k a w GUjc i f; r sdK;jz p fy go n f/

jr p fE Si fhq u fv su fjz mx Gu fa e o n fhjr p fv u fw u f u e fBu D; E Si fhq u fv su fa b ; x Gu fa e o n fhu e f ( v u fw u f )

r sdK;v n f; a w GUE dki fo n f/ x dku e fr sm; t w Gi f; a & p D; a E S; o jz i fh a & r Smt v dkt a v smu f t e , fx dki fNy D; o m; jz p fa e

o n f/ ( y Hk- 1 1 )

y Hk –( 1 1 ) / / r lv o b m0 & Sda e o n fha & u e fo dkUr [ kw f jr p fv u fw u fw Gi fa & p D; a E S;a o ma Mu mi fh w p fa e & m w Gi f a & t e , fx dki fa Mu mi f; a w GU& o n f/

w p fc gw p f& Hw Gi f a & a e mu fu sdr Ia v smhu sjc i f; ( a & Mu n fv mjc i f; ) u dkt v G, fw u ljr i fa w GU& o n fr [ k [ kw fa y /

o dkU& mw Gi f a & p D; E Ie f; t e n f; i , fa v smhu so n fq kdv Qi f a & t e , fx dki fo Gm; jc i f; r Sm jr e fr n fjz p fo o n f/

o b m0 t a v Qmu fjz p fa y : o n fha & u e fr sm; u dk r a w GU& o n fht c gr sm; & Sdw w fo n f/ o dkUjz p fa o m

a Mu mi fhv lu z e fw D; , l& o n fh u e f ( w l; , ljc i f; ) r sm; u dk a t mu fa z mfjy y gr lr sm; u dk t a jc c Hí w l; & r n fjz p fo n f/

y Hk ( 1 2 )

a & o e fUp u fv n fy w fa e o n fht c gw Gi f a & p kw fp u ft w Gi f; o dkUx kE Si fhx n fE Si fh a & p D; 0 i fr Ir sm; jy m; & r n fjz p fo n f/ a & & & Sdr Ir e n f; a p & e fjz p fo n f/

a & u e fu dka u smu fp & p fc Jr sm; E Si fh a u smu fw Hk;i , fr sm; jz i hf jz n fhv Qi f a & p kw f, lo n fh

Collection basket

z u fo dkU a & p D; E Ie f; r Sm a E S; o Gm; r n fjz p fNy D; t e , fx dki fr Ir sm; v n f; jz p fv mr n fjz p fo n f/

y Hk- 1 2 / / o b m0 r [ kw fb J w l; a z : x m; o n fh u e fr sm; w Gi f a & a e mu fu sdr I Ir sm; p Gme n f; y g; a v o n f/ a & u e fBu D; r sm;

lakes

a b ; & Sd? ¤ i f; a & u e fi , fr sm; w Gi f t y i fi , fr sm; ? t & Gu fr sm; r & Sdo jz i hf a & p kw f& mw Gi f v G, fu la v o n f/

a & & , l& mw Gi f o mr e ft m; jz i fhe n f; 2 r sdK;& Sdo n f/ a & p p fa w mi f;

Strainer basket

o dkUr [ kw f a & a jr §ma w mi f;

Swimmer

E Si fh jz p fa v o n f/ ¤ i f; w dkUu dku e fx Jw Gi f a jr §mx m; & o n f/

y Hk- 1 3 / / a & p p fu dk a & p p fa w mi f; w Gi f x n fhx m; & e f? o dkUr [ kw f a & a jr Sma w mi f; E Si fh a jr Smx m; & e f jz p fo n f/

a & p kw fy dku f

( Suction Pipe )

a & p kw fy dku fE Si fh

¤ i f; w Gi fw y fq i fx m; o n fh t p dw ft y dki f; r sm; r Sm t e n f; i , fo m& Sdy go n f/

( 1 ) a & p p f

Strainer

( 2) a & p kw fy dku f

Suction Pipe

( 3 ) a & p kw f& e fw y fq i fjc i f; r sm;

Coupling to Pump

a & p p f

Strainer

w p fc kw Gi f w p fz u fo Gm; t q dkU& Si f

( non – returnable valve )

w p fc ky go jz i fh a & p kw f p u fy dw fv dku fo n fht c gw Gi f y dku fw Gi f; r S a & jy e fr x Gu fa w mha y / þ o dkUa & & Sda e o jz i fh p u fE Id;o n fht c g a & c sLí v G, fo Gm; o n f/ p u ft o p fq dkv Qi fw p fz u fo Gm; t q dkU& Si fu dk a o c smp Gm p p fMu n hf& r n f/ a & p kw fp u fu dk y x r q Hk;t Bu dr f p w i fE Id;v Qi f t q dkU& Si fu dkz Gi fh x m; a y ; r So m p u fr sm; v G, fu lp Gm v n fy w fMu r n fjz p fo n f/

a & p kw fw i fo n fh b u fr S w y fq i fx m; o n fh t p dw ft y dki f; r sm; t m; v Hk;u dk c dki fc e fUp Gm w i f; w i f; Mu y fMu y f w y fq i fx m; a Mu mi f; a o c sma p & r n f/ a v r c dka t mi fo w dx m; & r n f/ a v p kw f, l& o n fht y dki f; jz p fa o m

Pumping Chamber

x Jw Gi f a v c dko Gm; y gu p u fE Id;& e f

Priming

r Sm t v Ge fc u fo Gm; r n fjz p fo n f/

' DZ , fp u fjz i fha & w i fjc i f;

(Pump with diesel engine)

a & p kw fp u f^ ' DZ , ft i f* si fu dk v n fy w fjc i f; E Si fhy w fo u fí v n f; a u mi f; ? jy Kjy i f x de f; o dr f; jc i f; E Si fh y w fo u fí v n f; a u mi f; ? a e mu fq u fw GJw Gi f a z mfjy x m; o n fh ñ Te fMu m; c su fr sm; u dk a o c smp Gm z w f& IMu & e f jz p fy go n f/