i
Table of Contents
Thesis cover…. ... iii
Chapter Two - Literature Review... 6
2.1 Introduction... 6
2.2. The Concept of Instructional Materials... 6
2.2.1 The Role of Materials in Relation to Other Elements ... 7
2.2.2 Characteristics of Good Materials ... 10
ii
2.3.2.2 Types of Classroom Activities ………..………... 24
2.3.2.3 Types of Classroom Techniques .……….…... 26
2.4 Relevant Research ………..……….... 30
Chapter Three - Research Methodology... 36
3.1 Introduction ………... 36
4.2.1 The Materials Provided in the Textbook Unit... 45
4.2.2 The Materials Provided in the Lesson Plan ... 48
4.3 The Data from Classroom Observation... 52
4.4 The Data from Teacher’s Interviews…... 55
4.4.1 General Descriptions of the Materials ………... 55
4.4.1.1 Teacher’s Definitions of A Good Material ... 55
4.4.1.2 Teachers’ Evaluation of the Textbook Unit... 57
4.4.2 Material Preparation ………... 61
4.4.2.1 The Sources of Materials ………... 61
4.4.2.2 Material Modification ……….………... 63
4.4.2.2.1 Reason to Modify the Materials ………... 63
4.4.2.2.2 Difficulties during Material Modification ... 67
4.4.2.2.3 The Effects of Material Modification …... 70
4.4.3 Material Implementation .………... 71
4.4.3.1 Implemented Classroom Activities …………... 72
4.4.3.2 Changes of Classroom Activities ………... 74
4.4.3.3 Difficulties in Delivering the Materials……... 76
iii Chapter Five – Conclusions, Limitations, and Suggestions of the Study ... 814
5.1 Introduction ………... 814 5.2 Conclusions ………... 81 5.3 Limitations of the Study ……... 83 5.4 Suggestions for Further Research ... 844
References... 85
iv
List of Tables
Table 4.1 The contents of the coursebook ……….………….. 44
Table 4.2 Planned Classroom Activities ……….………. 47
Table 4.3 Sources of English Instructional Materials ……….………… 49
Table 4.4 Implemented Classroom Activities ……….………... 72
Table 4.5 Changes of Classroom Activities and Reasons to change ………. 75
Table 4.6 Learning materials ………. 79
v
List of Figures
vi
List of Appendices
1. Appendix A. An Example of Questionnaire Sheet 109
2. Appendix B. An Example of Lesson Plan
3. Appendix C. An Example of Textbook Unit
4. Appendix D. Classroom Observation Procedure Result 116
5. Appendix E. Interview questions 1
