PENETAPAN KADAR SOLASODINA DARI RANTING SOLANUM WRIGHTII BENTH DALAM BERBAGAIINTERVAL WAKTU

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SKRIPSI

AGUSTINUS SALLY

PENETAPAN KADAR SOLASODINA

DARI

RANTING SOLANUM WRIGHTII BENTH

DALAM BERBAGAIINTERVAL WAKTU

U N IV E R Sl 1 AS A 1 X L A N G O A -S U R A B A Y A

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FARMASI

UNIVERSITAS

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S U R A B A Y A

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P ENATAP AN KADAR S OLAS ODI NA DARI RANTI NG

S OLANUM WRI GHTI I BENTH DALAM BERBAGAI

I NTERVAL WAKTU

S KRI P S I

DI BUAT UNTUK MEMENUHI TUGAS AKHI R

MENCAP AI GELAR S ARJ ANA F ARMAS I

PADA F AKULTAS F ARMAS I

UNI VERS I TAS AI RLANGGA

o l e h

AGUS TI NUS S ALLY

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s e c a r a s e mi k u a n t i t a t i f d e n g a n k r o ma t o g r a f i

g a s . . . 3 6

4 . 1 . Kr o ma t o g r a m h a s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r s o l a - s o d i n a s e c a r a s e mi k u a n t i t a t i f d a r i f i 1 — t r a t f a s e k l o r o f o r m r a n t i n g S o l a n u m

Wr i c r ht i i Be n t h d e n g a n k r o ma t i g r a f i g a s . . . . 3 6

4 . 2 . Ha s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a s e c a r a

s e mi k u a n t i t a t i f d e n g a n k r o ma t o g r a f i

g a s . . . 4 0

5. P e n g o l a h a n d a t a . . . 41

V. P EMBAHAS AN. . . : . . . 4 3

VI . KES I MP UL AN. . . 4 7

VI I . S ARAN- S ARAN. . . 4 8

VI I I . RI NGKAS AN. . . 4 9

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Ta b e l Ha l a ma n

I . G1 i k o a l k a l o i d d a r i s o l a n u m s p . . . 22

I I . Ha s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r t o t a l 1 k l o r o f i l

r a n t i n g S o l a n u m wr i q h t i i Be n t h d a r i ma s i n g

-ma s i n g s a mp e 1 . . . 29

I I I . Ha s i l u j i KLT f i l t r a t f a s e k l o r o f o r m d a r i

r a n t i n g S o l a n u m wr i q h t i i Be n t h d a n p e mb a n

-d i n g s o l a s o -d i n a . . . 3 0

I V. Ha s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a s e c a r a

s e mi k u a n t i t a t i f d e n g a n k r o ma t o g r a f i g a s . . . 4 0

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10. Kr o ma t o g r a m h a s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a

s e c a r a s e mi k u a n t i t a t i f d a r i f i l t r a t f a s e k l o r o

-f o r m r a n t i n g S o l a n u m wr i q h t i i Be n t h d e n g a n

wa k t u p e n g a mb i l a n p u k u l 1 2 . 0 0 . . . 3 6

s e c a r a s e mi k u a n t i t a t i f d a r i f i l t r a t f a s e k l o r o -

f o r m r a n t i n g S o l a n u m wr i q h t i i Be n t h d e n g a n

wa k t u p e n g a mb i l a n p u k u l 1 5 . 0 0 . ' . . . 3 7

wa k t u p e n g a mb i l a n p u k u l 1 8 . 0 0 . . . 3 8

wa k t u p e n g a mb i l a n 2 1 . 0 0 . . . 3 9

14. Hi s t o g r a m k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a f a s e k l o r o f o r m

r a n t i n g S o l a n u m wr i q h t i i Be n t h ( mg / g b e r a t k e r i n g )

d a r i ma s i n g - ma s i n g s a mp e l . . . 41

15. Hi s t o g r a m k a d a r t o t a l k l o r o f i l r a t a - r a t a ( mg / g

b e r a t k e r i n g ) d a n k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a ( mg / g b e r a t

k e r i n g d a r i ma s i n g - ma s i n g s a mp e l f i l t r a t f a s e

k l o r o f o r m r a n t i n g S o l a n u m wr i q h t i i Be n t h . . . 4 2

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La mp i r a n Ha l a ma n

1. Bi o s i n t e s a s t e r o i d a . . . 5 5

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Me n g u c a p k a n p u j i s y u k u r k e p a d a Tu h a n Ya n g Ma h a Es a

a t a s s e g a l a r a h ma t d a n k a r u n i a n y a , s e h i n g g a s a y a d a p a t

me n y e l e s a i k a n t u g a s p e n y u s u n a n s k r i p s i y a n g b e r j u d u l

" P e n e t a p a n k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a d a r i r a n t i n g t a n a ma n S o l a n u m

wr i a h t i i Be n t h d a l a m b e r b a g a i i n t e r v a l wa k t u " g u n a me me n u -

h i k e wa j i b a n t e r a k h i r s e b a g a i s y a r a t u n t u k me n c a p a i g e l a r

s a r j a n a p a d a F a k u l t a s F a r ma s i Un i v e r s i t a s Ai r l a n g g a .

P a d a k e s e mp a t a n i ni , s a y a me n g u c a p k a n b a n y a k t e r i ma

k a s i h k e p a d a :

- Ba p a k DR. Gu n a wa n I n d r a y a n t o d a n Ba p a k DR. No o r Ch o l i e s

s e b a g a i p e mb i mb i n g y a n g t e l a h b a n y a k me mb e r i k a n b i m-

b i n g a n , s a r a n - s a r a n s e r t a d o r o n g a n mo r i l s e l a ma me l a k u -

k a n p e n e l i t i a n h i n g g a s e l e s a i n y a p e n y s u n a n s k r i p s i i ni .

- Ke p a l a Ke b u n Ra y a Ca b a n g P u r wo d a d i - P a s u r u a n J a wa Ti mu r

y a n g t e l a h me mb e r i k a n s a mp e l p e n e l i t i a n b e r u p a r a n t i n g

t a n a ma n S o l a n u m wr i g h t i i Be n t h .

- Ay a h , I b u d a n s a u d a r a - s a u d a r a k u s e mu a a t a s d u k u n g a n

mo r i l ma u p u n ma t e r i i l s e l a ma me n y e l e s a i k a n t u g a s a k h i r

i ni .

- Ta k l u p a p u l a s a y a me n g u c a p k a n t e r i ma k a s i h k e p a d a

s a h a b a ^ - s a h a b a t s e r t a s e mu a p i h a k y a n g t i d a k d a p a t s a y a

s e b u t s a t u p e r s a t u , y a n g t e l a h me mb e r i k a n d o r o n g a n d a n

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p e n y u s u n a n s k r i p s i i ni .

S e m

o g a Tu h a n Ya n g Ma h a Es a me mb e r i k a n b a l a s a n

y a n g me l i mp a h a t a s s e mu a b a n t u a n y a n g t e l a h d i b e r i k a n .

Su r a b a y a , J a n u a r i 1 9 9 1

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0 , 3 8 ± 0 , 0 0 5 ; 0 , 1 ± 0 , 0 2 mg / b e r a t k e r i n g , d i d a p a t k a n

s o l a s o d i n a s e b a n y a k 2 2 0 ± ' 40 ; 1 3 0 ± 3 0 ; 5 6 ± 12 u g / g

b e r a t k e r i n g . ( 6) Da n p e n e l i t i a n y a n g d i l a k u k a n p a d a

t a n a ma n S o l a n u m wr i a h t i i Be n t h . d i ma n a p a d a e k s t r a k

d a u n t i d a k b e r h a s i l d i d e t e k s i a d a n y a s o l a s o d i n a . t e t a -

pi s o l a s o d i n a b e r h a s i l d i d e t e k s i p a d a b u a h n y a . ( 7 )

S e d a n g k a n me n u r u t Ch o w Dh u r y d a n P r a s a d b i o s i n -

t e s a a l k a l o i d a s o l a s o d i n a d a r i t a n a ma n s o l a n u m s p e c i e s

b e r l a n g s u n g d i d a u n . S e l a n j u t n y a s e t e l a h t e r j a d i b i o -

s i n t e s a d i d a u n , s o l a s o d i n a y a n g d i h a s i l k a n d i a n g k u t

k e t e mp a t p e n y i mp a n a n n y a y a i t u p a d a b u a h . ( 10)

P e r ma s a l a h a n

Da r i h a s i l p e n e l i t i a n p a d a k u l t u r s u s p e n s i d a n

k u l t u r k a l u s S o l a n u m l a c i n i a t u m L, k u l t u r k a l u s So 1 a -

n u m e l e a a n i f o l i u m d a n S o l a n u m d u l c a ma r a L, t e r n y a t a

ma mp u me mb e n t u k s o l a s o d i n a . Te t a p i p a d a p e n e l i t i a n

y a n g d i l a k u k a n o l e h Ha n d a y a n i R. d e n g a n k u l t u r k a l u s

S o l a n u m wr i a h t i i Be n t h y a n g d i t i n g k a t k a n k a d a r k l o r o -

f i l n y a t e r n y a t a , t i d a k ma mp u me mb e n t u k s o l a s o d i n a .

Ke t i d a k ma mp u a n k u l t u r k a l u s S o l a n u m wr i a h t i i Be n t h d a

l a m me mb e n t u k s o l a s o d i n a d i d u g a mu n g k i n s o l a s o d i n a

y a n g t e r b e n t u k s e g e r a d i u r a i k a n k a r e n a t i d a k a d a s e l -

s e l k h u s u s s e b a g a i t e mp a t a k u mu l a s i . Da n d a r i p e n e l i

t i a n p a d a d a u n t a n a ma n a s a l t i d a k b e r h a s i l d i d e t e k s i

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f o t o s i n t e s a s e r t a s a a t ma l a m h a r i .

Di s a mp i n g i t u p e r l u d i l a k u k a n p e n e t a p a n k a d a r k l o r o f i l

u n t u k me n g e t a h u i k e mu n g k i n a n p e n g a r u h k l o r o f i l t e r h a -

d a p k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a p a d a r a n t i n g t a n a ma n S o l a n u m-

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3. Ti n u a n p e n e l i t i a n

Un t u k me n g e t a h u i k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a d a r i r a n t i n g t a n a ma n

S o l a n u m wr i c r ht i i Be n t h p a d a p u k u l 6 . 0 0 , 9 . 0 0 , 1 2 . 0 0 ,

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k a r d i o t o n i k ( d i g i t o k s i n ) , p r e k u s o r v i t a mi n D

( e r g o s t e r o l ) , k o n t r a s e p t i k o r a l ( s e mi s i n t e t i k

e s t r o g e n d a n p r o g e s t i n ) , a n t i i n f l a ma s i ( k o r t i -

k o s t e r o i d ) , a n a b o l i k a g e n t ( a n d r o g e n ) . ( 1)

S t e r o i d a a d a l a h s e n y a wa y a n g me n g a n d u n g i n

t i c y c l o p e n t a n o p e r h y d r o p h e n a n t r e n . s u a t u mo l e k u l

y a n g me r u p a k a n g a b u n g a n d a r i e mp a t c i n c i n , t i g a

d a r i s i k l o h e k s a n a d a n s a t u s i k l o p e n t a n a . Ke e mp a t

c i n c i n t e r s e b u t d i b e r i n o t a s i d e n g a n h u r u f A, B,

C, d a n D. At o m k a r b o n d a r i s i s t i m c i n c i n s e n y a wa

s t e r o i d a d i b e r i n o t a s i 1 s a mp a i 17. ( 14 , 15)

S t r u k t u r n y a s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :₍

2 . 2 . Bi o s i n t e s a s t e r o i d a .

S t e r o i d a s e c a r a b i o s i n t e s a d i b e n t u k d a r i

i s o p e n t e n y l p y r o p h o s p a t , ( a c t i v e i s o p r e n ) y a n g

me l i b a t k a n r a n g k a i a n r e a k s i y a n g s a ma s e p e r t i

p a d a b i o s i n t e s a t e r p e n o i d a . S e b e n a r n y a t r i t e r -

p e n o i d a s q u a l e n a d a l a h s u a t u i n t e r me d i a t d a l a m

n

R"

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s o l a r a d i x i n a d a n l a i n n y a , s o l a s o d i n a me mp u n y a i

r u mu s mo l e k u l d e n g a n b o b o t mo l e k u l

4 1 3 , 6 2 . ( 19)

K

S o l a s o d i n a

Na ma l a i n d a r i s o l a s o d i n a ( 19)

- S o l a n i d i n a - s

- S o l a n k a r p i d i n a

- p u r p u r i d i n a

- So l a s o d - 5 - e n - 3 ^ - o l

- Sp i r o s o I - 5 - e n - 3 ^ - o l

P e n g k r i s t a l a n d e n g a n me t a n o l d a n s u b l i ma s i

d e n g a n t e k a n a n v a k u m d i h a s i l k a n k r i s t a l b e r b e n t u k

h e k s a g o n a l d e n g a n j a r a k l e b u r 2 0 0 - 202° C,

( ) ” - 9 8

( c - 0, 14

d a l a m me t a n o l ) .

P e n g k r i s t a l a n d e n g a n a l k o h o l e n c e r a t a u d i o k s a n

me mp u n y a i j a r a k l e b u r 1 9 7 - 198° C. Ga r a m p i k r a t -

n y a d e n g a n t i t i k l e b u r 144° C, b e n t u k p i k r o l o n a t

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d e n g a n t i t i k l e b u r 248° C.

La r u t a n s o l a s o d i n a d a l a m a l k o h o l b e r e a k s i

a l k a l i s t e r h a d a p l a k mu s , h a r g a p Kb 6 , 3 0 . S o l a s o

d i n a l a r u t b e b a s d a l a m b e n z e n a , p i r i d i n a ,

k l o r o f o r m. La r u t d a l a m a l k o h o l d a n a s e t o n , s e d i -

k i t l a r u t d a l a m a i r , d a n p r a k t i s t i d a k l a r u t

d a l a m e t e r . ( 19)

3 . 2 . Bi o s i n t e s a s o l a s o d i n a .

S o l a s o d i n a t e r ma s u k d a l a m a l k a l o i d a s t e r o i d

me mp u n y a i j a l u r b i o s i n t e s a y a n g s a ma d e n g a n j a l u r

b i o s i n t e s a s t e r o i d a p a d a u mu mn y a . S e l a n j u t n y a

r a n g k a i a n b i o s i n t e s a k e a r a h p e mb e n t u k a n s o l a s o d i

n a d a p a t d i mu l a i d a r i s q u a l e n - - - ►

s q u a l e n , 2 . 3 - Ep o x i d - - - ► c y c l o a r t e n o l - - - ►

Lo p h e n o l - - - ► c h o l e s t r i n - - - ► 2 6 Hy d r o x y c h o

-l e s t r i n - - - > 2 6 a mi n o , 16 B- , 2 0 d i h y d r o x y c h o

-l e s t r i n - - - ► So -l a s o d i n a .

J a l u r b i o s i n t e s a s o l a s o d i n a . ( La mp i r a n I I ) ( 20)

4. Ti n i a u a n t e n t a n g k l o r o f i l .

F o t o s i n t e s a p a d a t u mb u h a n h i j a u me me r l u k a n c a h a -

y a d a n me n g g u n a k a n e n e r g i c a h a y a t e r s e b u t u n t u k me mb e -

b a s k a n mo l e k u l o k s i g e n d a r i a i r d a n u n t u k s i n t e s a

s e n y a wa o r g a n i k d a r i k a r b o n d i o k s i d a , n i t r a t d a n

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At o m Mg p u s a t j u g a r e l a t i f mu d a h t e r l e p a s s e l a ma

p e r l a k u a n , d a n me mb e n t u k p r o t o k l o r o f i 1.

Kl o r o f i l d a p a t t e r b e d a k a n o l e h p e mb e n t u k a n k o m-

p l e k s d e n g a n UV d a n k u r v a a b s o r b s i n y a d a p a t d i a ma t i .

Un t u k k l o r o f i l A d a n B a b s o r b s i ma k s i mu mn y a p a d a

p a n j a n g g e l o mb a n g 6 6 3 d a n 6 4 5 nm. S e d a n g k a n u n t u k C

d a n D p a d a

630

d a n 6 8 8 nm. ( 22)

Kr o ma t o g r a f i l a p i s a n t i p i s .

Kr o ma t o g r a f i l a p i s a n t i p i s me r u p a k a n s u a t u c a r a

y a n g d a p a t d i g u n a k a n u n t u k me mi s a h k a n k o mp o n e n z a t

d a r i c a mp u r a n n y a .

Me k a n i s me p r o s e s p e mi s a h a n p a d a k r o ma t o g r a f i

l a p i s a n t i p i s a d a b e b e r a p a ma c a m c a r a y a i t u :

- S e c a r a a d s o r b s i

- S e c a r a p a r t i s i

- S e c a r a p e r t u k a r a n i o n

- S e c a r a f i l t r a s i

Da r i b e r b a g a i ma c a m me k a n i s me t e r s e b u t , y a n g p a l i n g

s e r i n g d i g u n a k a n a d a l a h ' me k a n i s me p r o s e s p e mi s a h a n

s e c a r a a d s o r b s i , me k a n i s me n y a d a p a t d i j e l a s k a n s e b a g a i

b e r i k u t :

Ap a b i l a c a mp u r a n z a t d i t e t e s k a n . p a d a l e mp e n g

f a s a d i a m, ma k a mu l a - mu l a s e mu a z a t a k a n d i a d s o r b s i

o l e h f a s a d i a m. Ol e h k a r e n a k e k u a t a n a d s o r b s i a n t a r a

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1. 0

G&r a ba r 1. S k e ma a l a t k r o ma t o g r a f i g a s

Ke t e r a n a a n q a mb a r :

1. Ga s p e mb a wa

2. P e n g a t u r t e k a n a n

3. Te mp a t p e n y u n t i k a n

4. Ko l o m

5. De t e k t o r

6. F l o wme t e r

7. Amp l i f i e r

8. I n t e g r a t o r

9. Re k o r e r

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BAHAN, ALAT, DAN METODE P ENELI TI AN

Ba h a n p e n e l i t i a n

Ba h a n y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a l a m p e n e l i t i a n i n i a d a

l a h r a n t i n g d a r i t a n a ma n S o l a n u m wr i g h t i i Be n t h y a n g

s e d a n g b e r b u a h d a n d i p e r o l e h d a r i k e b u n Ra y a Ca b a n g i

P u r wo d a d i p a d a b u l a n F e b r u a r i t a h u n 1 9 9 0 .

Ba h a n k i mi a

- Kl o r o f o r m p . a

- Me t a n o l p . a

- As a m k l o r i d a 2 N

- Na t r i u m h i d r o k s i d a 1 0

%

-

Ka l s i u m k a r b o n a t

- As e t o n p . a

Al a t - a l a t

- Vo r t e x

- Ki e s e l g e l 6 0 F2 5 4 E. Me r c k 2 0 x 2 0 c m,

t e b a l 0 , 2 mm.

- Kr o ma t o g r a f i Ga s S h i ma d z u t i p e 1 4 A

- Ce n t r i f u g e

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2 4

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4. P o l a p e n e i i t i a n

4 . 1 . P e n y i a p a n b a h a n p e n e i i t i a n .

4 . 2 . P e n e t a p a n k a d a r k l o r o f i l .

4 . 3 . P e n e t a p a n k a d a r a i r .

4 . 4 . P e l a k s a n a a n e k s t r a k s i .

4 . 5 . Uj i k u a l i t a t i f So l a s o d i n a .

4 . 5 . 1 . Kr o ma t o g r a f i l a p i s a n t i p i s .

4 . 5 . 1 . Kr o ma t o g r a f i g a s .

4 . 6 . P e n e t a p a n k a d a r S o l a s o d i n a s e c a r a s e mi k u a n t i t a

t i f d e n g a n k r o ma t o g r a f i g a s .

5. Ca r a k e r j a

5 . 1 . P e n v i a p a n b a h a n p e n e i i t i a n .

- P e n g u mp u l a n b a h a n : d i a mb i l r a n t i n g b a g i a n y a n g

t u a s e b e l u mn y a d i p i s a h k a n d a r i b a g i a n y a n g mu d a

k u r a n g l e b i h 1 0 c m d a r i u j u n g r a n t i n g .

- Ca r a p e n g a mb i l a n b a h a n : r a n t i n g d i a mb i l d e n g a n

c a r a d i p e t i k p a d a p a n g k a l r a n t i n g .

- Wa k t u p e n g a mb i l a n : b a h a n d i a mb i l p a d a i n t e r v a l

wa k t u t e r t e n t u y a i t u :

s a mp e l 1 d i a mb i l p a d a p u k u l 0 6 . 0 0

(37)

- J u ml a h b a h a n y a n g d i a mb i l : s e t i a p i n t e r v a l

wa k t u p e n g a mb i l a n mi n i ma l 1 5 g.

- P e n g e r i n g a n b a h a n : b a h a n y a n g t e l a h d i k u mp u l -

k a n s e g e r a d i k e r i n g k a n d e n g a n s i n a r ma t a h a r i

s a mp a i k e r i n g , k e mu d i a n d i g i l i n g a t a u d i s e r b u k

s a mp a i h a l u s .

5 . 2 . P e n e t a p a n k a d a r k l o r o f i 1 . . ( 2 2 )

0 , 3 0 0 g r a m r a n t i n g d i g e r u s d a l a m mo r t i r

a t a u d i ma s e r a t o r d e n g a n p e n a mb a h a n a s e t o n s a mp a i

s e mu a wa r n a t e r l e p a s d a r i j a r i n g a n . Ta mb a h k a n

Ca COg l a l u e k s t r a k t e r s e b u t d i s a r i n g d e n g a n b u c h -

n e r f u n n e l , b i l a s d e n g a n a s e t o n s a mp a i t i d a k b e r

wa r n a . Ek s t r a k d a n p e mb i l a s a n d i l a k u k a n s a mp a i

v o l u me a k h i r 10 ml k e mu d i a n d i s i mp a n d a l a m l e ma r i

p e n d i n g i n . P e n g u k u r a n k l o r o f i l t o t a l d a p a t d i b u a t

d e n g a n p e n g u k u r a n l a n g s u n g a b s o r b a n s i p a d a

p a n j a n g g e l o mb a n g 6 6 3 d a n 6 4 5 n m d e n g a n me n g g u n a -

k a n s p e k t r o f o t o me t e r .

Ko n s e n t r a s i t o t a l k l o r o f i l d a p a t d i h i t u n g d a r i

r u mu s b e r i k u t .

To t a l k l o r o f i l ( mg / 1 ) = 2 0 , 2 A g ^ + 8 , 0 2 ^ ^ ^

5 . 3 . P e n e t a p a n k a d a r a i r .

Di t i mb a n g b a h a n y a n g a k a n d i p e r i k s a , k e mu

(38)

d i t i mb a n g k o n s t a n . S e t e l a h i t u d i p a n a s k a n d i l e ma -

r i p e n g e r i n g p a d a s u h u 105° C s a mp a i b o b o t k o n s t a n

p e n g u r a n g a n b o b o t me r u p a k a n k a d a r a i r y a n g d i k a n

-5 . 4 . P e l a k s a n a a n e k s t r a k s i

2 , 0 0 0 g r a m s e r b u k k e r i n g r a n t i n g d i t a mb a h

k l o r o f o r m 1 0 ml d a n d i v o r t e x s e l a ma 5 me n i t . F i l

t r a t d i s i s i h k a n d a n r e s i d u d i v o r t e x k e mb a l i

d e n g a n 10 ml k l o r o f o r m. F i l t r a t d i k u mp u l k a n d a n

d i u a p k a n . Ha s i l p e n g u a p a n f i l t r a t d i i d e n t i f i k a -

s i d e n g a n KLT. Re s i d u d i h i d r o l i s a d e n g a n 5 ml HC1

2 N p a d a s u h u 100° C s e l a ma d u a j a m. S e t e l a h

d i n g i n d i n e t r a l k a n d e n g a n Na OH 10 N. S e l a n j u t n y a

d i v o r t e x d e n g a n 10 ml k l o r o f o r m s e l a ma d u a me n i t .

Fa s e k l o r o f o r m y a n g d i d a p a t d i u a p k a n .

S e l a n j u t n y a d i a n a l i s a s e c a r a k u a l i t a t i f d a n k u a n -

t i t a t i f d e n g a n KLT d a n k r o ma t o g r a f i g a s .

5 . 5 . Ui i k u a l i t a t i f s o l a s o d i n a

5 . 5 . 1 . U. i i k u a l i t a t i f d e n g a n k r o ma t o g r a f i l a p i -

s a n t i p i s

- Fa s e d i a m : Ki e s e l g e l 6 0

?254

C t e b a l 0 , 2 0 c m )

- Kl o r o f o r m : me t a n o l ( 1 9 : 1 )

(39)

2 8

5 . 5 . 2 . Ui i k u a l i t a t i f d e n g a n k r o ma t o g r a f i g a s

- Al a t : GC- 1 4 A y a n g t e l a h d i l e n g

-k a p i d e n g a n n p r o s e s o r d a

t a CR- 3 A ( Sh i ma d z u ) d e n g a n

k o n d i s i p e r c o b a a n s e b a g a i

b e r i k u t

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- Su h u i n j e k s i : 300° C

- Ga s p e mb a wa : Ni t r o g e n 4 0 ml / me n i t

An a l i s a k u a l i t a t i f d a p a t d i l a k u k a n

d e n g a n me mb a n d i n g k a n h a r g a wa k t u r e t e n

s i d e n g a n p e mb a n d i n g s o l a s o d i n a d a n d i -

s p i k i n g .

5 . 6 . P e n e t a p a n k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a s e c a r a s e mi k u a n t i t a -

t i f d e n g a n k r o ma t o g r a f i g a s

- Al a t d a n k o n d i s i p e r c o b a a n s a ma s e p e r t i p a d a

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HAS I L P ENGAMATAN

1. Ha s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r k l o r o f i l

Ta b e l I I . Ha s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r t o t a l k l o r o f i l r a n t i n g S o l a n u m wr i q h t i i Be n t h Da r i ma

-s i n g - ma -s i n g -s a mp e l .

Sa mp e l d e n g a n wa k t u p e n g a mb i l a n

( p u k u l )

Ka d a r t o t a l k l o r o f i l r a t a - r a t a ( mg / g )

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= 0 , 1 0 3 2 mg / g b e r a t k e r i n g .

(41)

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Ga mb a r 3. Ga mb a r s k e ma t i s h a s i l u j i k r o ma t o g r a f i l a p i -

s a n t i p i s f i l t r a t f a s e k l o r o f o r m d a r i r a n t i n g

S o l a n u m wr i q h t i i Be n t h d a n p e mb a n d i n g s o l a s o

d i n a .

Fa s e g e r a k = k l o r o f o r m : me t a n o l ( 19 : 1 )

Pe n a mp a k n o d a : d r a g e n d o r f .

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S 5 = Sa mp e l d e n g a n ' wa k t u p e n g a mb i l a n p u k u l 1 8 . 0 0

Sg = Sa mp e l d e n g a n wa k t u p e n g a mb i l a n p u k u l 2 1 . 0 0

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(51)

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4 6

b e r b e d a - b e d a u n t u k s e t i a p i n t e r v a l wa k t u p e n g a mb i l a n .

P e r b e d a a n k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a s e t i a p i n t e r v a l wa k t u

p e n g a mb i l a n i ni me n u n j u k k a n b a h wa k e mu n g k i n a n s o l a s o

d i n a t i d a k d i a k u mu l a s i p a d a r a n t i n g . Ka r e n a b i l a d i -

a k u mu l a s i ma k a d e n g a n p e r b e d a a n i n t e r v a l wa k t u p e n g a m

b i l a n y a n g k e c i l y a i t u s e t i a p 3 j a m p e n g a mb i l a n t i d a k

a k a n me mb e r i k a n p e r b e d a a n k a d a r y a n g b e r ma k n a . Ke mu n g

k i n a n l a i n a d a l a h k a r e n a a d a n y a p e r u r a i a n s o l a s o d i n a

d i r a n t i n g .

P a d a p e n e t a p a n k a d a r t o t a l k l o r o f i l d a r i r a n

t i n g d i d a p a t k a n b a h wa t i d a k a d a p e n g a r u h k a d a r k l o r o

f i l t e r h a d a p k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a d a l a m r a n t i n g . Ha l i ni

r

d a p a t d i l i h a t p a d a s a mp e l p u k u l 1 5 . 0 0 d i ma n a t e r j a d i

p e n i n g k a t a n k a d a r t o t a l k l o r o f i l t e t a p i t i d a k d i i k u t i

o l e h p e n i n g k a t a n k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a , b a h k a n t e r j a d i p e

-i

n u r u n a n k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a . Da n p a d a s a mp e l p u k u l 1 8 . 0 0

me mp u n y a i k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a t e r t i n g g i t e t a p i k a d a r t o

t a l k l o r o f i l n y a l e b i h r e n d a h d i b a n d i n g k a n d e n g a n s a m

p e l p u k u l 1 5 . 0 0 d a n 2 1 . 0 0 . Ti d a k a d a n y a h u b u n g a n a n t a

r a k a d a r k l o r o f i l d e n g a n k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a d a l a m r a n

t i n g d i d u g a k a r e n a r a n t i n g h a n y a s e b a g a i t e mp a t l e wa t -

(58)

KES I MP ULAN

Da r i h a s i l p e n e l i t i a n y a n g t e l a h d i l a k u k a n

d a p a t d i s i mp u l k a n b a h wa :

- S o l a s o d i n a d a l a m r a n t i n g t a n a ma n S o l a n u m wr i a h t i i

Be n t h d a p a t , t e r d e t e k s i p a d a i n t e r v a l wa k t u p u k u l

1 2 . 0 0 , 1 5 . 0 0 , 1 8 . 0 0 , 2 1 . 0 0 d e n g a n k a d a r 0 , 0 0 4 0 ;

0 , 0 0 1 9 ; 0 , 0 0 7 2 ; 0 , 0 0 4 4 mg / g b e r a t k e r i n g .

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S ARAN- S ARAN

Da r i h a s i l p e n e l i t i a n y a n g d i p e r o l e h , ma k a d i -

s a r a n k a n :

- P e r l u d i l a k u k a n p e n e l i t i a n l e b i h l a n j u t me n g e n a i

a k u mu l a s i s o l a s o d i n a p a d a t a n a ma n S o l a n u m wr i a h t i i

Be n t h d e n g a n me l a k u k a n p e n e t a p a n k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a

d a r i r a n t i n g d a n d a u n d e n g a n i n t e r v a l wa k t u p e n g a m

(60)

RI NGKAS AN

Be r d a s a r k a n p e n e i i t i a n p a d a k u l t u r k a l u s S o l a

n u m wr i q h t i i Be n t h y a n g d i t i n g k a t k a n k a d a r k l o r o f i l n y a

t e r n y a t a t i d a k b e r h a s i l d i d e t e k s i a d a n y a s o l a s o d i n a

k a r e n a d i d u g a t i d a k a d a n y a s e l - s e l k h u s u s s e b a g a i t e m-

p a t a k u mu l a s i , s e h i n g g a s o l a s o d i n a y a n g t e r b e n t u k s e -

g e r a d i u r a i k a n . Da n p e n e i i t i a n p a d a d a u n t a n a ma n a s a l

t i d a k d i d a p a t k a n s o l a o s d i n a , t e t a p i p a d a b u a h d a p a t

d i d e t e k s i a d a n y a s o l a s o d i n a . Di d u g a b a h wa me k a n i s me

a k u mu l a s i s o l a s o d i n a p a d a t a n a ma n S o l a n u m wr i q h t i i

Be n t h b e r b e d a d e n g a n j e n i s t a n a ma n s o l a n u m y a n g l a i n.

Ma k a d i l a k u k a n p e n e t a p a n k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a p a d a r a n t i n g

t a n a ma n S o l a n u m wr i q h t i i Be n t h p d a b e r b a g a i i n t e r v a l

wa k t u u n t u k me n g e t a h u i me k a n i s me a k u mu l a s i s o l a s o d i n a

d a n k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a p a d a i n t e r v a l wa k t u t e r s e b u t .

Da r i u j i k u a l i t a t i f s o l a s o d i n a d e n g a n k r o ma t o

g r a f i l a p i s a n t i p i s d a n k r o ma t o g r a f i g a s d i d a p a t k a n

h a s i l s e b a g a i b e r i k u t , s a mp e l r a n t i n g y a n g d i a mb i l p a

d a p u k u l 6 . 0 0 d a n 9 . 0 0 t i d a k d i d a p a t k a n s o l a s o d i n a k a

r e n a b e l u m a d a y a n g d i t r a n s l o k a s i k a n k e b u a h . S o l a s o

d i n a t e r d e t e k s i d i r a n t i n g p a d a p u k u l 1 2 . 0 0 , 1 5 . 0 0 ,

1 8 . 0 0 d a n 2 1 . 0 0 . P a d a s a a t y a n g s a ma p u l a o l e h p e n e -

l i t i l a i n d i l a k u k a n p e n e i i t i a n t e r h a d a p k a n d u n g a n s o

l a s o d i n a d a r i d a u n t a n a ma n S o l a n u m wr i q h t i i Be n t h

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p e n e l i t i a n t e r s e b u t t i d a k d i d a p a t k a n s o l a s o d i n a p a d a

d a u n . Be r a r t i p a d a wa k t u - wa k t u t e r s e b u t s o l a s o d i n a

y a n g d i h a s i l k a n d i d a u n mu n g k i n l a n g s u n g d i p i n d a h k a n

k e b u a h t a n p a d i a k u mu l a s i d a h u l u p a d a d a u n .

Da r i h a s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a s e c a r a

s e mi k u a n t i t a t i f p a d a r a n t i n g , d i p e r o l e h k a d a r y a n g

b e r b e d a - b e d a u n t u k s e t i a p i n t e r v a l wa k t u p e n g a mb i l a n .

Pa d a p e n e t a p a n k a d a r t o t a l k l o r o f i l d a r i r a n

t i n g d i d a p a t k a n b a h wa t i d a k a d a p e n g a r u h k a d a r k l o r o

f i l t e r h a d a p k a d a r s o l a s o d i n a d a l a m r a n t i n g k a r e n a

d i d u g a r a n t i n g h a n y a s e b a g a i t e mp a t l e wa t n y a s o l a s o

(62)

Ty l e r E. V, Br a d y L. R, Ro b b e r s J . R, ( 1 9 7 6 ) , P h a r ma

c o g n o s y , S e v e n t h e d i t i o n . Le a & Fe g i g e r ,

P h i l a d e l p h i a , h a l . 1 9 9 - 2 0 0

Ha k i m A. , Ta t a n g S. , ( 1 9 7 5 ) , P r o s p e k Al k a l o i d a S o

l a n u m Se b a g a i S u mb e r Ba h a n Ba k u Ho r mo n S t e

r o i d Di I n d o n e s i a , S i mp o s i u m P e n e l i t i a n

Ta n a ma n Ob a t I , Bo g o r , h a l . 1 0 5

Ha k i m A. , Ta t a n g S. , ( 1 9 7 9 ) , S u mb e r Ba h a n Ba k u Ho r -

mo n S t e r o i d Ya n g Ad a DI I n d o n e s i a , Bu l e t i n

Kj mi a Fa r ma , Ap r i l 1 9 7 9 , Vo l . 1, No . 2, h a l .

5 2 - 5 8

Te l e k , De l p h i n H. , Ca b a n i l l a s E. , ( 1 9 7 7 ) , S o l a n u m

ma mmo s u m L. , a s a S o u r c e o f S o l a s o d i n a i n

t h e Lo wl a n d Tr o p i c s , Ec o n o mi c Bo t a n y , 31,

h a l . 1 2 0 - 1 2 7

I n d r a y a n t o G. , Ch o l i e s N. , Wa h j u d i , ( 1 9 8 5 ) ,

I n f l u e n c e o f F r u i t Si z e o f S o l a n u m wr i g h t i i

o n i t s S o l a s o d i n e Co n t e n t , P l a n t a Me d i c a ,

NO. 5 Oc t o b e r , h a l . 4 7 0

Emk e A. , Ei l e r t U. , ( 1 9 8 6 ) , S t e r o i d a l Al k a l o i d s i n

Ti s s u e Cu l t u r e s An d Re g e n e r a t e d P l a n t s o f

S o l a n u m Du l c a ma r a . P l a n t Ce l l Re p o r t s , 5,

h a l . 3 1 - 3 4

Ha n d a y a n i R . , ( 1 9 9 0 ) . P e r c o b a a n I n d u k s i P e mb e n t u k a n

(63)

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(65)

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Ha l l

, Lo n d o n , To p p a n Co mp a n y

Li mi t e d , Lo n d o n , h a l . 2 0 4 - 2 0 8

23. St a h l E. , ( 1 9 6 9 ) , Th i n La y e r Ch r o ma t o g r a p h y ,

S p r i n g e r I n t e r n a t i o n a l St u d e n t , S e c o n d Ed i

t i o n , Va n S o s t r a n d Re i n h o l d Co mp a n y , Ne w

Yo r k , Ci n c i n a t i To r o n t o , Lo n d o n , Me l b o u r n e .

24. He f t ma n E. , ( 1 9 7 5 ) , Ch r o ma t o g r a p h y , Th i r d Ed i t i o n ,

Va n No s t r a n d , Re i n h o l d Co mp a n y , Ne w Yo r k ,

Ci n c i n a t i To r o n t o , Lo n d o n , Me l b o u r n e .

2 5. P e c s o k R. L, ( 1 9 6 8 ) , Ex p e r i me n t i n Mo d e r n Me t h o d o f

Ch e mi c a l An a l y s i s , J o h n Wi l e y An d S o n a I n c . ,

Ne w Yo r k .

2 6. I n d r a y a n t o G. , Za i n u d d i n M. , Dj a t mi k o W. , ( 1 9 8 6 ) ,

Ga s Ch r o ma t o g r a p h y ( G. C) , Ku r s u s An a l i s a

Ki mi a I n s t r u me n t a l . F a k u l t a s Fa r ma s i Un i v e r

(66)

(67)

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