COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES USED BY THE EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMP N 1 SURAKARTA Communication Strategies Used By The Eighth Grade Students Of SMP N 1 Surakarta In Developing Speaking Skill.

COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES USED BY THE EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMP N 1 SURAKARTA

IN DEVELOPING SPEAKING SKILL

RESEARCH PAPER

Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education

in Department of English Education

by

OKTAVIA HERAWATI A320110082

SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA

APPROVAL

COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES

USED

BY THE EIGHTH

GRADE

STUDENTS OF SMP

N

1

SURAKARTA IN DEVELOPING SPEAKING

SKILL

RESEARCH PAPER

Proposed by:

OKTAVIA HERAWATI

43201 10082

to Examined by:

First

Consultant

Mauly Halwat Hikmat,

Ph. D.

NIK.

727

Second Consultan

ACCEPTANCE

COMMUNICATION

STRATEGIES USED BY

THE

EIGHTH GRADE

STUDENTS OF'SMP N 1

SURAKARTA IN DEVELOPING SPEAKING

SKILL

by

OKTAVIA HBRAWATI

A

320 110 082

Accepted and Approved by the Board of Examiner School of Teacher Training and Education

Muhammadiyah University of Surakarla in2015

Team of Examiners:

1.

Mauly Halwat Hikmat,

Ph. D.

(Chair

Person)

Aryati

Prasetyarini, M.Pd. (Secretary)

Dr. Dwi Haryanti, M.

Hum. (Member)

\I,D

u[t%0^*t

(

dffifrry,

,

N[J---

Vj+)

2.

a

J.

TESTIMONY

Hereby, the researcher testifies that in this research, there is no plagiarism

of

the

previous studies

which

have been raised

to

get

bachelor degree

of

a

university. Besides, there is no opinion or masterpiece which has been written or published by the researcher except those

of

which the writings are mentioned

in

previous study and bibliography.

Accordingly,

if

it

is

later proven that there are untrue statements

in

this testimony, the researcher

will

be responsible.

Surakarta, February 201 5

Oktavia

Herawati

MOTTO

"Dalam hidup kita, cuma satu yang kita punya, yaitu keberanian. Kalau tidak punya

itu, lantas apa harga hidup kita ini?"

(Pramoediya Ananta Toer)

“Laugh your heart out Dance in the rain Cherish the moment Live laugh love forgive & forget Life's to short to live with regrets.”

(Oprah_World)

“NEVER, NEVER BE AFRAID TO DO WHAT'S RIGHT, ESPECIALLY IF THE

WELL-BEING OF A PERSON IS AT STAKE.”

(MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.)

“Follow your heart, but don’t leave your brain. Create your paths in reaching your dreams.”

vi

DEDICATION

This research paper is proudly dedicated to:

• Other researchers who conduct research in the same field.

• Her beloved and respected Mom.

• Her beloved and respected Dad.

• Her beloved sister, brother, and niece.

• Her beloved big family.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Bismillahirrahmanirrahiim

Assalamu’alaikum Warrahmatullahi Wabbarakatuh

AlhamdulillahiRobbil’aalamiin_{, all praise being to Allah SWT, Lord of the} world, the Most Merciful, the Most Beneficent, who blesses the researcher so that she can finally accomplish writing this research as a partial fulfilment of the requirements for getting Bachelor Degree of Education in Department of English Education at Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Praise to the greatest Prophet Muhammad SAW, his family, his companions, and his followers. Amin.

In addition, the researcher would like to say her gratitude to everyone who has given their advice, help, and support in accomplishing this research. Thus, the researcher would like to express her great gratitude and appreciation to:

1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Purnomo, M. Hum., the Dean of School of

Teacher Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,

2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D., the Head of Department of English

Education and as her first consultant who has given guidance, advice, help, and information patiently during the arrangement of this research and during the study,

3. Aryati Prasetyarini, M. Pd. as the second consultant, who has given

viii

4. All the lectures in the Department of English Education who have

helped and guided for all of their beneficial knowledge that has taught to the researcher.

5. Her dearest parents, beloved mother Sunarningsih and beloved father

Nyomo Handoko, thanks for the tremendous love, continuous prayer, support, sacrifices, and strength for her life. She will never be able to pay for the entire thing that they give to her. Thanks dad and mom.

6. Her lovely sister, Aristi Febriani and her beloved brother, Okto Wahyu

Sejati that always force him to graduate earlier. Thank you guys so much. 7. Her lovely niece who always gives her spirit to finish this research,

Falisha Affet Nourasyifa Sejati, thanks my baby!

8. Her wonderful friends, Mb Irina Balerina, Mb Erna, Alvi, Mb Iyut who always give the joy and laughter when she is falling down, best regards for all the memory they have given.

9. Her beloved friends in the big family of Cross-Cultural Club (CCC),

LPM CAMPUS, Muhammadiyah University English Course (MUEC), and English eDucation Students Organization (EDSO).

10. Her friends of PPL 2014 in SMP Negeri 1 Surakarta.

11. All the people who cannot be mentioned one by one for their support to

Finally, the

researcher realizes

that the

research paper

is still

far

from being perfect and

still

needs many improvements. However, the researcher hopes this research

will

be useful for readers.

W a s s al amu' al aikum W ar r ahm at ul I ah

i

Wab b ar aka t uh

x

TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE ... i

APPROVAL ... ii

ACCEPTANCE ... iii

TESTIMONIAL ... iv

MOTTO ... v

DEDICATION ... vi

ACKNOWLEDGMENT ...vii

TABLE OF CONTENT ... x

ABSTRACT ... xiii

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study ... 1

B. Limitation of the Study ... 4

C. Problem Statement ... 4

D. Objectives of the Research ... 5

E. Significances of the Study …... 5

F. Research Paper Organization ……….6

CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY A. Previous Study ... 8

B. Review of Related Literature ...11

1. Speaking Skill ………...11

1.1. Notion of Speaking ………...….... 11

1.3. The Component of Speaking ……….14

1.4. Activities of Teaching Speaking …………14

2. Communication Strategies ... 18

2.1. Notion of Communication Strategies …... 18

2.2. The Component of Communication Strategies ……….. 19

2.3. The Taxonomy of Communication Strategies ……….. 20

C. Theoretical Framework ... 28

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD A. Type of the Research ... 30

B. Subject of the Research... 31

C. Object of the Research ……….. 31

D. Data and Data Source ... 31

E. Method of Collecting Data ... 32

F. Credibility of the Data... 33

G. Technique of Analyzing Data ... 34

CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION A. Research Findings ... 36

1. The Type of Communication Strategies Used by Students ………...………... 36

xii

3. The Function of Communication Strategies

Used by Students ……… 51 B. Discussion of the Findings... 61

1. The Type of Communication Strategies

Used by Students ………...………... 61 2. The Dominant Type of Communication

Strategies Used by Students ... 65 3. The Function of Communication Strategies

Used by Students ……… 67 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

A. Conclusion ... 73 B. Pedagogical Implementation ………... 75 C. Suggestion ... 76 BIBLIOGRAPHY

ABSTRACT

Oktavia Herawati. NIM: A 320111082. COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES USED BY TH EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMP N 1 SURAKARTA IN DEVELOPING SPEAKING SKILL. Research Paper. Teacher Training and Education Faculty. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, 2015.

This research aims at identifying the type, the dominant type of communication strategies used by the eighth grade students of SMP N 1 Surakarta, and their function in developing speaking skill in the conversation. The data are the transcript of conversations which are made by the respondent in a speaking class. The data are taken by the researcher through observation, and recorded using tape recorder. They are analyzed by Tarone’s theory of communication strategies. Triangulation is used to make credibility of the data. The researcher uses inter-rater reliability to establish the credibility of findings from an analysis. The findings of the research are: (1) the respondents use all the type of communication strategies, namely: a) topic avoidance, b) message abandonment, c) paraphrase, d) coinage, e) native language switching, f) miming and g) appeal for assistance, (2) the dominant type of communication strategies used by the respondents is native language switching with the percentage 35. 29%, and (3) the function of communication strategies type is to develop speaking skill through reaching communicative competence by using five types of communication strategies, namely: a) paraphrase, b) coinage, c) native language switching, d) miming and e) appeal for assistance.