Penanggung Jawab Rektor Universitas Brawijaya
Ketua Lembaga Penelitian Universitas Brawijaya DEWAN REDAKSI
Ketua
Prof.Dr.lr.Bambang Suharto.MS. (Unibraw-2008) Anggota
Prof.Dr.lr. H. Simon B. Widjanarko, M.App.Sc (Unibraw-2008) Prof.Dr.lr.Suhardjono, Dipl.H.E.,M.Pd (Unibraw-2008) Prof.lr. Budiono Mismail, M.S.E.E.,Ph.D. (Unibraw-2008) Prof.lr.Wahyono Hadi, M.Sc ,Ph.D (Balitbang Jatim -2008)
Dr.lr. Antariksa (Unibraw-2008) Ir.AbdullahAlkaff, M.Sc, Ph.,D. (ITS-2008) Dr.lr. BambangDwiArgo, D.E.A. (Unibraw-2008)
Prof.Dr.lr. Suprapto, D.E.A. (ITS-2008) Dr.lr.Ari Santoso,D.E.A ( ITS-2008) Brian O Flaherty (Ahli Bhs lnggris-2008)
Dra. Francien HerlenTomasowa.,Ph.D (Lab.Bhs. Unibraw-2008) Drs. Adiono, MA.Ph.D (Lab.Bhs. Unibraw-2008)
Penyunting Pelaksana Ir. Syamsul Hadi.MT. (Poltek-2008)
Sekretariat Pujiono.SH.
Alamat Redaksi/Penerbit
Lembaga Penelitian Universitas Brawijaya Jl. Veteran, Malang -65145
Telp.(0341) 575824;551611 psw 301; Fak. (0341)575828
Optimasi Pemadatan Cepat Pada Pembuatan Minyak Kaya Asam Lemak Q-3
Dari Minyak Hasil Samping Penepungan Ikan Lemuru
Teti Estiasih1), Fithri Choirun Nisa1), Kgs. Ahmadi2) dan Fauzia Kurniasari3)
1)
Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Malang
2)
Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tribhuwana, Malang
3)
Alumni Jurusan THP Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Malang
Abstrak
Diterima tanggal 25 Sepetember 2006 disetujui tanggal 15 Maret 2007
Minyak dari hasil samping penepungan ikan lemuru mengandung asam lemak co-3 dalam jumlah tinggi tetapi sejauh ini belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal sebagai sumber asam lemak tersebut. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan optimasi pemadatan cepat untuk memperkaya minyak ikan dengan asam lemak co-3. Optimasi dilakukan dengan Metode Permukaan Respon dengan menggunakan Rancangan Kornposit Pusat. Karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa minyak ikan hasil samping penepungan ikan lemuru memenuhi standar mutu minyak ikan kecuali kadar Fe sehingga layak untuk dikonsurrtsi. Hubungan antara respon dan faktor yang dikaji menunjukkan persamaan polinomia! kuadratik Y=239,88037X,+l l,46142X2-32,32904X,
2
-0,22451X2 2
+l,l 1809X,X2- 528,35818 dimana X,=rasio pelarut:minyak (v:b);
X,=lama ekstraksi dan respon Y adalah kadar EPA+DHA (%) dan rendemen (% b/b). Kondisi proses yang optimum adalah rasio pelarutminyak 4,34:1 dan lama ekstraksi 36,31 jam dengan kadar EPA+DHA 33,38% dan rendemen 17,33%. Tingkat pengayaan EPA+DHA adalah 1,81 kali dengan pengayaan EPA lebih tinggi dari DHA. . Minyak kaya asam lemak co-3 yang dihasilkan memenuhi standar mutu kecuali parameter kadar Fe, Cu, dan asam lemak bebas. Pemurnian dengan pengkelatan berhasil menurunkan kadar Fe dan Cu, tetapi kadar Cu masih melebihi batas standar mutu.
K a t a k u n c i
: asam lemak co-3, metode permukaan respon, pemadatan cepat.
Optimization Of Rapid Solidification To Enrich Fish Oil From By- Product Of
Lemuru Meal Processing With Q-3 Fatty Acids
Abstract
Optimization of rapid solidification to enrich fish oil from by-product of lemuru meal processing with co-3 fatty acids. Oil from by-product of lemuru meal processing contains high amount of co-3 fatty acids, but has not been used optimally as the source of these fatty acids. This research was conducted to optimize rapid solidification to enrich fish oil with co-3 fatty acids. Optimization was done by using Response Surface Method in Central Composite Design. Characterization based on food grade fish oil standard showed this fish oil fulfilled the quality standard except Fe content, therefore it was safe to consume. Relation between response and analyzed factors showed quadratic polynomial equation Y=239,88037X,+l l,46142Xr32,32904X12-0,22451X22+l,l 1809X,X2-528,35818 where X,= ratio of solvent to
oil (v:w); X2=extraction time; and response Y was EPA+DHA content (%) and yield (%). Optimum
response was achieved at ratio of solvent to oil of 4,34:1 and extraction time of 36,31 hours that had EPA+DHA content of 33,38% and yield of 17,33%. Enrichment of EPA+DHA was 1,81 times and EPA enrichment was higher than DHA. I The produced w-3 fatty acids enriched fish oils fulfilled the quality
standard except for Fe, Cu, and free fatty acids content. Alkali refining was done to reduce free fatty acids level and chclation by Na EDTA was used to lower Fe and Cu content. This process reduced free fatty acids to the level of quality standard range, but Cu content was still higher.
K e y w o r d s
: co-3 fatty acids, response surface method, rapid solidification.
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