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The influence of Jantu and Chnay on Dara`s personality development as seen in Minfong Ho`s The Clay Marble.

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ii v s ' a r a D n o y a n h C d n a u t n a J f o e c n e u lf n I e h T . ) 3 1 0 2 ( a ti n a u Y , i n a d r a m u s u K s ' o H g n o f n i M n i n e e s s a t n e m p o l e v e D y ti l a n o s r e

P The Clay Marble .

f o t n e m tr a p e D , m a r g o r P y d u t S n o it a c u d E e g a u g n a L h s il g n E : a tr a k a y g o Y T f o y tl u c a F , n o it a c u d E s tr A d n a e g a u g n a

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T TheClayMarble .Thi s

l e v o n s i h T . e fi l n a m u h f o n o it c i p e d g n it a n i c s a f e h t o t e u d g n i h c u o t y r e v s i l e v o n o r h t y lr a e l c s r e t c a r a h c e h t s e b ir c s e d o s l

a ught hephysica lappearances ,social-lfie , y ti l a n o s r e p e s y l a n a o t s e s o o h c r e ti r w e h T . s t h g u o h t d n a , s r o i v a h e b , s e d u ti tt a e m it o t e m it m o r f s p o l e v e d o h w , r e t c a r a h c r o j a m a s a , a r a D f o t n e m p o l e v e d J e r a y e h t ; e fi l s' a r a D n i e l p o e p t n a c if i n g i s e m o s f o e s u a c e

b antuandChnay .

e h t e r a w o H ) 1 ( : s i s e h t s i h t n i d e s y l a n a s m e l b o r p o w t e r a e r e h T d n a u t n a J o d w o H ) 2 ( ? l e v o n e h t n i d e b ir c s e d y a n h C d n a u t n a J f o s c it s ir e t c a r a h c ? l e v o n e h t n i t n e m p o l e v e d y ti l a n o s r e p s 'a r a D e c n e u lf n i y a n h C r p p a l a c i g o l o h c y s p d e s u y d u t s s i h

T oach since thi s study focused on . t n e m p o l e v e d y ti l a n o s r e

p Psychologica lapproach focuse son the psychologica l d o o t s r e d n u e b n a c r o i v a h e b d n a t h g u o h t ’ s r e t c a r a h c e h T . s g n i e b n a m u h f o e d i s h c a o r p p a s i h t e c n i s h c a o r p p a l a c i g o l o h c y s p g n i s u y b e t a ir p o r p p a e r o

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n o it a t n e m e l p m i e h T . r o i v a h e b d n a y ti l a n o s r e p n a m u h f o s n r e tt a p e h t d n e h e r p m o c o t d e m i a s a w t i e c n i s y r a s s e c e n s a w y d u t s s i h t n i h c a o r p p a l a c i g o l o h c y s p f o e l p o e p t n a c if i n g i s e h t w o h e e s d n a t n e m p o l e v e d y ti l a n o s r e p s 'a r a D y a rt r o p v e d r e h e c n e u lf n

i elopment . The wrtie rused ilbrary research a sthe method in d e lt it n e l e v o n A . y d u t s s i h t g n it c u d n o

c TheClayMarblebecome sp irmary source h c i h w l a n r u o j d n a s k o o b m o r f n e k a t e r a s e c r u o s y r a d n o c e s e h T . y d u t s s i h t n i y s p , n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c , r e t c a r a h c s s u c s i

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d n o c e s e h T . n o s r e p n a e m d n a h g u o t ,t n e d n e p e d n i n a s a d e b ir c s e d s i y a n h C . lr i g .t n e m p o l e v e d y ti l a n o s r e p s 'a r a D n o y a n h C d n a u t n a J f o e c n e u lf n i e h t s i t n i o p s r e p , e c n e d n e p e d n i , y r e v a r b , y ti r u t a m s 'a r a D e c n e u lf n i y a n h C d n a u t n a

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, i n e S n a d a s a h a B n a k i d i d n e P n a s u r u J . s ir g g n I a s a h a B i d u t S m a r g o r P : a tr a k a y g o Y i d n e P u m lI n a d n a u r u g e K s a tl u k a

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f o t n e m tr a p e D , m a r g o r P y d u t S n o it a c u d E e g a u g n a L h s il g n E : a tr a k a y g o Y T f o y tl u c a F , n o it a c u d E s tr A d n a e g a u g n a

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l e v o n s i h T . e fi l n a m u h f o n o it c i p e d g n it a n i c s a f e h t o t e u d g n i h c u o t y r e v s i l e v o n o r h t y lr a e l c s r e t c a r a h c e h t s e b ir c s e d o s l

a ught hephysica lappearances ,social-lfie , y ti l a n o s r e p e s y l a n a o t s e s o o h c r e ti r w e h T . s t h g u o h t d n a , s r o i v a h e b , s e d u ti tt a e m it o t e m it m o r f s p o l e v e d o h w , r e t c a r a h c r o j a m a s a , a r a D f o t n e m p o l e v e d J e r a y e h t ; e fi l s' a r a D n i e l p o e p t n a c if i n g i s e m o s f o e s u a c e

b antuandChnay .

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i elopment . The wrtie rused ilbrary research a sthe method in d e lt it n e l e v o n A . y d u t s s i h t g n it c u d n o

c TheClayMarblebecome sp irmary source h c i h w l a n r u o j d n a s k o o b m o r f n e k a t e r a s e c r u o s y r a d n o c e s e h T . y d u t s s i h t n i y s p , n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c , r e t c a r a h c s s u c s i

d chologica l approach and personaltiy .t n e m p o l e v e d m o r f n w a r d e b n a c h c i h w s t n i o p n i a m o w t e r a e r e h t ,s i s y l a n a e h t n o d e s a B d e b ir c s e d e r a y a n h C d n a u t n a J f o s r e t c a r a h c e h t w o h s i t n i o p t s ri f e h T . y d u t s s i h t r u t a m , g n ir a c a s a d e b ir c s e d s i u t n a J . l e v o n e h t n

i eand i maginaitve 13-y - earold

d n o c e s e h T . n o s r e p n a e m d n a h g u o t ,t n e d n e p e d n i n a s a d e b ir c s e d s i y a n h C . lr i g .t n e m p o l e v e d y ti l a n o s r e p s 'a r a D n o y a n h C d n a u t n a J f o e c n e u lf n i e h t s i t n i o p s r e p , e c n e d n e p e d n i , y r e v a r b , y ti r u t a m s 'a r a D e c n e u lf n i y a n h C d n a u t n a

J istence ,

e h t f o g n i d n a t s r e d n u d n a , y li m a f f o s e u l a v e h t f o g n i d n a t s r e d n u , n o i s s a p m o c t n e m p o l e v e d y ti l a n o s r e p s 'a r a D e c n e u lf n i y a n h C d n a u t n a J . d o o f f o s e u l a v . s e u l a v d n a s f e il e b , r o i v a h e b d n a s e d u ti tt a f o n r e tt a p r i e h t h g u o r h t t s e g g u s s e d i v o r p y d u t s s i h

T ion sfo rfutureresearcher swho arei nterested s ' o H g n o f n i M g n i s y l a n a n

i TheClayMarble .Thi sstudyalsoprovide ssuggesiton s g n i s u y b h s il g n E h c a e t o t s r e h c a e t h s il g n E r o

f The Clay Marble. Moreove,r t hi s

o f h s il g n E g n i h c a e t r o f n a l p n o s s e l s e d i v o r p y d u t

s rX grade student sin Senio r

f o 7 r e t p a h c m o r f t p r e c x e g n i s u y b l o o h c S h g i

H The Clay Marble a sa t eaching

. l a ir e t a m , e c n e u lf n I : s d r o w y e

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ii i v s ' a r a D n o y a n h C d n a u t n a J f o e c n e u lf n I e h T . ) 3 1 0 2 ( a ti n a u Y , i n a d r a m u s u K s ' o H g n o f n i M n i n e e s s a t n e m p o l e v e D y ti l a n o s r e

P The Clay Marble .

, i n e S n a d a s a h a B n a k i d i d n e P n a s u r u J . s ir g g n I a s a h a B i d u t S m a r g o r P : a tr a k a y g o Y i d n e P u m lI n a d n a u r u g e K s a tl u k a

F dikan ,Universtia sSanataDharma.

l u d u jr e b g n a y o H g n o f n i M i r a d l e v o n h a u b e s s i s il a n a g n e m i n i i d u t

S The

. e l b r a M y a l

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p namplian ,kehidupansosial ,sikap , itngkahl akudanpemikrian .Penuil smemiilh , a r a D i r a d n a i d a b ir p e k n a g n a b m e k r e p s i s il a n a g n e m k u t n

u Sangtokohutama ,yang

g n a r o a y n a d a a n e r a k u t k a w e k u t k a w i r a d n a g n a b m e k r e p i m a l a g n e

m – orang

a r a D n a p u d i h e k m a l a d g n it n e

p .MerekaadalahJ antudanChnay.

) 1 ( : s i s il a n a i d g n a y h a l a s a m n a s u m u r a u d t a p a d r e t , i n i i d u t s m a l a d i D a n a m i a g a B ) 2 ( ? l e v o n m a l a d i d n a k r a b m a g i d y a n h C n a d u t n a J h o k o t a n a m i a g a B ? l e v o n m a l a d i d a r a D n a i d a b ir p e k n a g n a b m e k r e p i h u r a g n e p m e m y a n h C n a d u t n a J i d u t

S in imenggunakan pendekatan psikolog ikarena stud iin imengacu i s i s a d a p s u k o f r e b i g o l o k i s p n a t a k e d n e P . n a i d a b ir p e k n a g n a b m e k r e p a d a p r e t k a r a k n a ri k i m e p n a d u k a l h a k g n i T . p u d i h k u l h k a m i r a d s i g o l o k i s

p -karakte r

a k a n u g g n e m n a g n e d i m a h a p i d k u t n u i a u s e s h i b e

l n pendekatan psikolog ikarena

u k a l h a k g n it n a d n a i d a b ir p e k a l o p i m a h a m e m k u t n u n a u j u tr e b i n i n a t a k e d n e p . s i s il a n a n a k u k a l e m m a l a d a k a t s u p i d u t s e d o t e m n a k a n u g g n e m s il u n e P . a i s u n a m l u d u jr e b g n a y l e v o

N The Clay Marble adalah sumbe rutama dalam stud iini . m

e

S entarasumbe rsekundernyaberupabukudanaritke lyangmembaha skarakter , . n a i d a b ir p e k n a g n a b m e k r e p n a d i g o l o k i s p n a t a k e d n e p , i s a s ir e t k a r a k i r a d a m a t u n a l u p m i s e k a u d t a p a d r e t , n a k u k a li d g n a y s i s il a n a n a k r a s a d r e B d a a m a tr e p g n a y l a H . n a k u k a li d g n a y s i s il a n

a alah bagaimana tokoh Jantu dan

s i d a g g n a r o e s i a g a b e s n a k r a b m a g i d u t n a J . i n i l e v o n m a l a d n a k r a b m a g i d y a n h C y a n h C n a k g n a d e S . fi t a n ij a m i n a d a s a w e d , g n a y a y n e p g n a y n u h a t 3 1 a i s u r e b i k a l k a n a g n a r o e s i a g a b e s n a k r a b m a g i

d -lak iyangmandri,it abahdansediki tkasar . , n a i n a r e b e k , n a a s a w e d e k l a h m a l a d a r a D i h u r a g n e p m e m y a n h C n a d u t n a J i a li n p a d a h r e t n a it r e g n e p , n a il u d e p e k , n a h i g i g e k , n a ir i d n a m e

k -n lia ikekeluargaan ,

i a li n m a l a d n a it r e g n e p n a

d -nlia i makanan . Jantu dan Chnay mempengaruh i m a r a D n a i d a b ir p e k n a g n a b m e k r e

p elalu iperliaku dan sikap mereka ,nliai-nlia i . a k e r e m n a n i k a y e k a tr e s g n a y t u j n a l h i b e l n a it il e n e p i g a b n a r a s n a k a i d e y n e m i n i i d u t S l e v o n n a k a n u g g n e

m TheClayMarble.Studii nij ugamenyediakansaranbag ipara m n a u p m a m e k r a j a g n e m m a l a d s ir g g n I a s a h a b u r u

g embaca menggunakan nove l

. e l b r a M y a l C e h

T Telrebih , stud i in i menyediakan rencana mengaja r untuk ) A M S ( s a t A h a g n e n e M h a l o k e S X s a l e k a w s i s i g a b s ir g g n I a s a h a B r a j a g n e m l e v o n i r a d n a k il p u c n a k a n u g g n e m n a g n e

d TheClayMarble bab 7 sebaga ibahan .r a j a g n e m

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x i

e h t o t e d u ti t a r g y m s s e r p x e o t e k il d l u o w I , ll a f o t s ri

F Almighty God,f o r

g n i h s i n if f o s s e c o r p e h t n i y ll a i c e p s e s r a e y e h t h g u o r h t e c n a d i u g d n a g n i s s e l b s i H

.s i s e h t y m

m u H . M , . d P . S , it a w a r e H y n n e H , r o s i v d a y m o t s e o g e d u ti t a r g p e e d y

M .

. s i s e h t s i h t g n i h s i n if n i t n e m e g a r u o c n e d n a , s n o it s e g g u s , e c n e it a p , s s e n d n i k r e h r o f

t n o c r e

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. y d u t s y m f o

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M ndAny Sup iryanit ,for t hei runilmtied l ove , rtust ,prayer ,and suppo tr .

, r e t s i s e lt ti l d e v o l e b y m r o

F MarsaNu lrtiaWjiayanit ,fo rhe rsuppo tr ,assistance

o t e d u ti t a r g y m s s e r p x e o t e k il d l u o w o s l a I . s i s e h t s i h t g n i h s i n if n i s s e n d n i k d n a

n i y li m a f g i b y

m KlatenandJ akatraf o rmo itvaitngmei n ifnishingmys tudy.

n i s r e r u t c e l e h t f o l l a k n a h t o t e k il d l u o w

I theEngilsh Educaiton Study

. e g d e l w o n k r i e h t g n ir a h s r o f d n a s e r u t c e l ri e h t r o f m a r g o r

P Sinceret hank salsogo

o

t Fx .RisangBaskaraS.S.f o rhi spatiencei nhelpingmet ocorrec tandproofread

e h t f o l l a o t n o it a i c e r p p a r e p o r p y m w o h s o t e k il o s l a d l u o w I . s i s e h t y m

r o f y ti s r e v i n U a m r a h D a t a n a S n i s e e y o l p m e l l a d n a , ff a t s y r a r b il , l a ir a t e r c e s

. y d u t s y m g n ir u d e m g n i p l e h

k n a h t o t e k il d l u o w

I my firend sin PB I2008 ,especially Gliang ,B iran ,

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C Sr .Klairna ,A irnto ,Dimas ,Mary ,Nala ,K irsitn ,

d n a e n ir I , k i n o M , a d n i h D , n y v e L , a ti V , a d n a

(13)

x m

e h

t fo rbeingmyf irend .sI t hankt hemf ort heris uppo tri nmys tudy .

, g n a b m e l a P , a tr a k a J n i e v il o h w s d n e ir f t s e b y m k n a h t o t e k il d l u o w I

, n o d n o L , a y a b a r u

S eT h Phiilppines ,Canada ,Pakistan and Malaysia. Kak Dhee ,

i c i

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, ' n e e r G

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y m g n ir o l o c r o f m e h t k n a h t I .r e h t o h c a e m o r f r a f e v il e w h g u o h tl a e m o t e v o l d n a

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n o e

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s r e t s i s t s e b y M . s i s e h t s i h t g n i k a

m KakMala ,KakStevi ,and CiciCindy, It hank

y M . s i s e h t s i h t f o g n i h s i n if e h t g n ir u d e c n a d i u g d n a e v o l , tr o p p u s e h t r o f m e h t

s r e n tr a

p - ni -c irmeAnissaaFtiir ,Mairna ,Grace, Yuko ,Satiraand StiaIt hankt hem

. e v o l d n a t r o p p u s ri e h t r o f

, a y g o Y n i r e n tr a p t s e b y

M Yohane sde CruceA trdo Mahardhika ,I t hank

g n i k a m e h t n i y s s e m d n a d e s s e r p e d l e e f I n e h w t r o p p u s d n a e c n e it a p e h t r o f m i h

. s i s e h t s i h t f o

I m o h w e l p o e p t a e r g e h t f o l l a k n a h t o t e k il d l u o w y lt s e n r a e I , y lt s a L

n i e m g n it r o p p u s d n a g n i p l e h r o f m e h t k n a h t I . e n o y b e n o n o it n e m t o n n a c

n

if ishingmyt hesis .MayGodalway sblesst hem .

(14)

i x

Page .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . E G A P E L T I

T i

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. E G A P L A V O R P P

A ii

.. .. E G A P N O I T A C I D E

D ......................................................................... i v .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Y T I L A N I G I R O S K R O W F O T N E M E T A T

S v

I S A K I L B U P N A U J U T E S R E P N A A T A Y N R E

P .................................. v i ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. T C A R T S B

A ............................................................... v ii

. K A R T S B

A .............................................................................................. v iii ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. S T N E M E G D E L W O N K C

A . .. i x

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. S T N E T N O C F O E L B A

T x i

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. S E C I D N E P P A F O T S I

L ............................ x ii i

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. N O I T C U D O R T N I I R E T P A H

C ..................... 1

.

A Backgroundoft heStudy... 1 .

B ProblemFormulaiton... 3 .

C Objecitveoft heStudy... 4 .

D Benefti soft heStudy... 4 .

E Deifniitono fTerm .s... 4 ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. E R U T A R E T I L D E T A L E R F O W E I V E R I I R E T P A H

C 6

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B Reviewo fRelatedTheo ire .s... 7 .

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2 Characte randCharacteirzaiton... 9 .

3 PersonaltiyDevelopment………... 12 .

a Catego ire so fChangei nPersonaltiy………... 13 .

b ThreeVairaitonsi nPersonaltiyChange... 14 .

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ii x .

C Theoreitca lFramework... 18

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . Y G O L O D O H T E M I I I R E T P A H

C 17

.

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B Approachoft heStudy... 2 1 .

C Methodoft heStudy... 2 1

. S I S Y L A N A V I R E T P A H

C ................................................................ .. 23

.

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1 Jantu………... 24 .

a Physica landSocia lDescirpiton……… 2 4 .

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2 Mature……… 2 6 )

3 Imaginaitve………. 2 8 .

2 TheCharacteirsitc so fChnay……….. 3 0 .

a Physica landSocia lDescirpiton……… … 3 0 .

b PersonaltiyDescirpiton………. 3 1 )

1 Rude……… 3 1 )

2 Tough……….. 3 2 .

3 TheCharacteirsitc so fDara………. 3 3 .

B TheI n lfuenceofJ antuandChnayonDara’ sPersonaltiyDevelopment 33 .

1 Atttiude sandBehavior……… 53 .

2 Beilefs………. 4 1 .

3 Values………...………... 4 8

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. S N O I T S E G G U S D N A S N O I S U L C N O C V R E T P A H

C 5 6

.

A Conclusions... 65 .

B Suggesitons... 58

S E C N E R E F E

R .......................................................................................... 26 S

E C I D N E P P

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ii i x

e g a P

f o y r a m m u S e h T : A x i d n e p p

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i d n e p p

A B :MinfongHo' sBiography ... 6 6

n a l P n o s s e L : C x i d n e p p

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r o f( s t u o d n a H : D x i d n e p p

A teacher ) ... 8 1

x i d n e p p

A E :Handout s f(ors tudents ) ... 8 5

(17)

1

N O I T C U D O R T N I

e h t f o d n u o r g k c a b e h t s i tr a p t s ri f e h T . s tr a p e v if f o s t s i s n o c r e t p a h c s i h T

g n o f n i M s e s o o h c r e ti r w e h t y h w s n o s a e r e h t s e d i v o r p r e ti r w e h t ,t r a p s i h t n I . y d u t s

s ' o

H The Clay Marble and raitonale the topic .The second par ti sthe problem n i d e s s u c s i d e b o t s m e l b o r p f o n o it a l u m r o f e h t h ti w s l a e d t r a p s i h T . n o it a l u m r o f

t r a p s i h T . y d u t s e h t f o s e v it c e j b o e h t s i t r a p d ri h t e h T . s n o it s e u q f o m r o f e h t

t r a p h tr u o f e h T . y d u t s s i h t n i d e n i a tt a s i h c i h w y d u t s e h t f o e v it c e j b o e h t s t n e s e r p

s

i thebenefti sof t hestudy .Thi spar tconsist soft hebeneftisf o rreaders ,Engilsh

e h t t u o b a s k l a t r e t p a h c s i h t f o t r a p t s a l e h T . s r e h c r a e s e r e r u t u f d n a s r e h c a e t

n i d e s u s m r e t y e k e h t r o t n a tr o p m i , c if i c e p s e h t s n i a l p x e h c i h w s m r e t f o n o it i n if e d

y d u t s s i h

t .I tprovide sexplanaiton sabouts omep irncipalt erm .s

.

A Backgroundoft heStudy

e v a h l e v o n e h t n i s r e t c a r a h c e h t t a h w e c n e ir e p x e e fi l l a e r n i e l p o e P

. d e c n e ir e p x

e Rober tandJ acob( 1987 )states ,“Ltieraturehelpst omakeu shuman”

h c ir n e n a c e l p o e P . ) 3 . p

( thei rknowledge by reading ltierary works .Moreover ,

. e fi l f o s e u l a v e h t t u o b a n r a e l o t s e it i n u tr o p p o e m o s e v a h o s l a n a c e l p o e p

s l a e d l e v o n A . s e u l a v r i e h t s g n ir b h c i h w e fi l n a m u h f o n o it c e lf e r a s i e r u t a r e ti L

s a t i s e s u r o h t u a e h T . p i h s n o it a l e r n a m u h h ti

w a place to expres s the lfie

l a i c e p s e m o s g n ir b n a c y e h T . s g n il e e f d n a s t h g u o h t , e fi l f o s e p o h , e c n e ir e p x e

(18)

. p ( ” e fi l n a m u h d n a d lr o w e h t f o n o it a t n e s e r p e

r 36) .Thu ,sl tieraturecanbesaida s

f o s e p y t s u o ir a v n i d e t c i p e d s i e fi l n a m u h f o l a y a rt r o p e h T . e fi l n a m u h f o t i a rt r o p a

s a h c u s s k r o w y r a r e ti

l novels ,poems ,ands ho trs to ire .sPeople rtyt ocommunicate

f o m r o f a n i s g n il e e f d n a t h g u o h t e v it a e r c r i e h

t ltierature ,sucha sdrama ,novels ,

y r o t s t r o h s r o , s m e o

p .Thi sstudyf ocuse son TheClayMarblebyMinfong Ho a s t

c e j b o n

a tobediscussed.

e r a e r e h

T some reason sunde lrying the seleciton o fthi snovel .The fris t

, n o s a e

r thi snove lwa schosenbecauseo ftisi nteresitngstory .Thi snovelr aisest he

y r a r e ti l r e h r o f n w o n k s i o H g n o f n i M . r a w e h t g n ir u d e fi l s' n a i d o b m a C f o e u s s i

g n i z i s a h p m e s k r o

w the fascinaitng depiciton o fhuman lfie .The second i sthe

ll e w e r a l e v o n e h t f o s t c e p s

a -descirbed .Therearegood porrtati so fcharacters i n

e h t h g u o r h t y a w d o o g a n i r e t c a r a h c h c a e s e b ir c s e d l e v o n s i h T . l e v o n s i h t

l a i c o s , s e c n a r a e p p a l a c i s y h p ' s r e t c a r a h

c -lfie ,atttiudes ,behaviors ,and thoughts .

h T . l e v o n s i h t m o r f e k a t n a c e w s e u l a v e m o s e r a e r e h t s i n o s a e r d ri h t e h

T ey are

. d o o f d n a p i h s d n e ir f , y li m a f f o s e u l a v e h t

, r e ti r w e h t , o H g n o f n i

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e h S . a i d o b m a C f

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(19)

d e t a l e r e u s s i g n it s e r e t n i e n o s i e r e h t ,s e m it l a r e v e s l e v o n e h t g n i d a e r r e tf A

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(22)

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(23)

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(24)

e l p o e p e h t o t y r o t s e h t f o g n i n a e m e h t d n a t u o b a s i l e v o n e h t f o y r o t s e h t t a h w

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(25)

r e p s 'r e t c a r a h c r o j a m e h t e c n e u lf n i l e v o n e h t n i e l p o e p t n a c if i n g i s e h t w o

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d – dialogue- and from what t hey do – aciton . )

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t i o t y ti l a n o it n e t n i e t u p m i e w h c i h w f o s i s a b e h t n o , s n o it c a f o s e ir e s a r o n o it c a n a

i c s a

( ted in Logan George ,Hegema and Kirstal ,p .170 .)” I tcan be said tha ta

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s r e t c a r a h c t a l F . s r e t c a r a h c d n u o r d n a s r e t c a r a h c t a lf y l e m a n s e ir o g e t a c o w t o t n i

o h w e s o h t e r

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(26)

c a r a h c d n u o R . s r e t c a r a h c t a lf n a h

t ter sare the character swhich have complex

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c c i m a n y d d n

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. ) 9 2 . p ( s e c n e ir e p x e

o t s r e t c a r a h c n w o r e h r o s i h e k a m l li w r o h t u a e h t t a h t s y a s ) 8 8 9 1 ( t e n r a B

e t n e s e r p e

b di nt heworks( p .722 .)I nb ire,ft hecharacte rha shi so rhe rownt ype s

. d a b r o d o o g e b t h g i m y e h T . s e it il a u q d n

a To know deepe raboutt hecharacte ro f

s i r e t c a r a h c a w o h s e ir o e h t e m o s s d e e n y d u t s s i h t , a r a D d n a y a n h C , u t n a J

l a n a n i p l e h o t d e z ir e t c a r a h

c yzing thi sresearch .According to Murphy (1972 ,

1 6 1 . p

p -173) , there are nine way s o f how an autho r reveal s the characte r

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p g n i s U . n o it p ir c s e d l a n o s r e p h g u o r h t s i t s ri f e h

T ersona ldescirpiton ,the

e h t f o n o it p ir c s e d e h T . s e h t o l c d n a e c n a r a e p p a s ’ n o s r e p e h t e b ir c s e d o t s e ir t r e ti r w

c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h t t u o b a e u l c a r e d a e r e h t e v i g l li w s e h t o l c d n a e c n a r a e p p a s ’ n o s r e p

n e e s s a s r e t c a r a h c e h t h g u o r h t s i d n o c e s e h T . r e t c a r a h c a f

o byanother .Usingt hi s

r e t c a r a h c e h t e b ir c s e d r o h t u a e h t , y lt c e ri d r e t c a r a h c g n i b ir c s e d f o d a e t s n i , y a w

e h T . e g a m i d e t c e lf e r a t e g l li w r e d a e r e h T . s r e h t o f o s n o i n i p o d n a s e y e e h t h g u o r h t

e h t t c e ff a l li w , t o n r o y lt c e ri d , fl e s ti r e t c a r a h c e h t m o r f s n o i n i p

o reader’st hough t

(27)

h g u o r h t s i y r o t s e h t n i r e t c a r a h c a t n e s e r p o t r o h t u a n a r o f y a w d ri h t e h T

e h t h g u o r h t r e t c a r a h c e h t o t n i t h g i s n i n a r e d a e r e h t e v i g n a c r o h t u a e h T . h c e e p s

, s k a e p s r e t c a r a h c a n e h W . r e t c a r a h c r e h t o f o h c e e p

s ha saconversaitonwtih other s

.r e t c a r a h c e h t m o r f s e u l c e m o s t e g l li w r e d a e r e h t , n o i n i p o n a d r a w r o f t u p r o

a t u o b a g n i h t e m o s s n r a e l r e d a e r e h t g n it t e l y B . e fi l t s a p e h t s i h tr u o f e h T

s t n e v e o t e u l c a r e d a e r e h t e v i g n a c r o h t u a e h t , e fi l t s a p s ’ r e t c a r a h

c tha thave

. s r e h t o f o n o it a s r e v n o c h g u o r h t s i h tf if e h T . r e t c a r a h c s ’ n o s r e p a e p a h s o t d e p l e h

d n a e l p o e p r e h t o f o n o it a s r e v n o c e h t h g u o r h t s e u l c r e d a e r e h t e v i g n a c r o h t u a e h T

t d n a e l p o e p r e h t o t u o b a k l a t n e tf o e l p o e P .r e h r o m i h t u o b a y a s y e h t s g n i h t e h

t he

n o s r e p e h t f o s r e t c a r a h c e h t o t s e u l c e h t s a d e s u e b n a c t u o b a k l a t y e h t s g n i h t

.t u o b a d e k l a t

o t e u l c a r e d a e r e h t e v i g o s l a n a c r o h t u a e h t ,s n o it c a e r h g u o r h t s i h t x i s e h T

s u o ir a v o t s t c a e r n o s r e p t a h t w o h w o n k r e d a e r e h t g n it t e l y b r e t c a r a h c s ’ n o s r e p a

f o s d n i k s u o ir a v a d r a w o t s t c a e r r e t c a r a h c a y a w e h T . s t n e v e d n a s n o it a u ti s

.r e h r o m i h n i h ti w c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h t l a e v e r ll i w n o it a u ti s

e s u a c e b m r o f t s e l p m i s e h t s i s i h t ;t n e m m o c t c e ri d h g u o r h t s i h t n e v e s e h T

a h c e h t n o t n e m m o c t c e ri d a s e v i g r o h t u a e h

t racter .The eighth i s through

s i n o s r e p a t a h w f o e g d e l w o n k t c e ri d r e d a e r e h t e v i g n a c r o h t u a e h T . s t h g u o h t

a e b ir c s e d n a c r o h t u a e h T . s r e n n a m h g u o r h t s i h t n i n e h t r o t s a l e h T . t u o b a g n i k n i h t

s s u l l e t o s l a y a m h c i h w , s e i c o i d i r o s ti b a h , m s ir e n n a m s ’ n o s r e

p omething abou t

(28)

.

3 PersonaltiyDevelopment

d n a e ll e j

H Ziegler (1981 )stated tha tpersonaltiy come sfrom the word

k e e r G t n e i c n a e h t h ti w d e t a i c o s s a s i d n a k s a m a s n a e m h c i h w ” a n o s r e p “ n it a L

. ) 6 . p ( e rt a e h

t Hu ffman and Vernoy deifne “personaltiy a s an individua'l s

. p , 0 0 0 2 ( ” s n o it c a d n a s g n il e e f , t h g u o h t f o n r e tt a p g n ir u d n e d n a e l b a t s y l e v it a l e r

s e c n e u lf n i h c i h w c it s ir e t c a r a h c d e z i n a g r o d n a c i m a n y d a s i y ti l a n o s r e P . ) 4 6 4

a t s a t o n s i n o s r e p A . s n o it a u ti s s u o ir a v n i n o it a v it o m d n a t h g u o h t , r u o i v a h e

b itc

. g n i g n a h c y lt n a t s n o c s i e h s r o e h t u b l a u d i v i d n i

e h t n i h ti w n o it a s i n a g r o c i m a n y d a s i y ti l a n o s r e p t a h t d e t a t s ) 1 6 9 1 ( tr o p ll A

c it s ir e t c a r a h c s i h e n i m r e t e d t a h t s m e t s y s l a c i g o l o h c y s p e s o h t f o l a u d i v i d n i

e r y ti l a n o s r e p e h T . ) 0 1 . p ( t h g u o h t d n a r u o i v a h e

b lfect swhot hehumanbeingi s .

e h t o t s r e f e r t n e m p o l e v e D “ , ) 2 8 9 1 ( h ti m S d n a g r e b m a i h c S o t g n i d r o c c A

5 . p ( ” s e m it e fi l r i e h t g n ir u d s g n i e b n a m u h o t g n i n e p p a h s e g n a h

c ) .Therefore ,

c i m a n y d e h t e r e h w s s e c o r p a r o n o it c a e h t s n a e m t n e m p o l e v e d y ti l a n o s r e p

n a g r

o izaiton o fcharacteirsitcattirbutesi sdeveloping o rbeing developed .People

n w o r i e h t h ti w d e if s it a s y ll a e r t o n e r a e l p o e P . e m it e fi l r i e h t t u o h g u o r h t e g n a h c

. m e h t d n u o r a s g n i h t e h t f o t n e m p o l e v e d e h t h g u o r h t e g n a h c d n a y ti l a n o s r e p

1 ( k c o lr u H o t g n i d r o c c

A 976) , the change s o f personaltiy do no t occu r by

, s s e n ll i m o r f e n il c e d d n a y ti r u t a m m o r f e m o c y a m s e g n a h c l a c i s y h P . s e v l e s m e h t

9 2 1 . p p ( n r e tt a p e fi l s' n o s r e p e h t m o r f g n it l u s e r s n o it i d n o c r e h t o e m o s r o , s e ir u j n i

(29)

.

a Categorie so fChangei nPersonaltiy

0 2 1 . p p ( k c o lr u H o t g n i d r o c c

A -122 ,) t herearet hree catego ire so fchange

d n a , e v it a ti l a u q s u s r e v e v it a ti t n a u q , e s r o w s u s r e v r e tt e b e r a y e h T . y ti l a n o s r e p n i

.s e g n a h c d i p a r s u s r e v w o l s

o r e tt e b e h t r o f e g n a h c n a c y ti l a n o s r e p t a h t s n a e m e s r o w s u s r e v r e tt e

B r

r o F . e m it y n a t a e k a m l a u d i v i d n i n a h c i h w t n e m t s u j d a e h t n o d e s a b e s r o w

fl e s e v a h e n o e m o s s e k a m t n e m t s u j d a l u f s s e c c u s a , e l p m a x

e -con ifdence ,wherea sa

.r o ir e f n i l e e f e n o e m o s s e k a m t n e m t s u j d a e r u li a f

A . t n e r e ff i d e r a s e g n a h c e v it a ti l a u q d n a e v it a ti t n a u

Q qualtiaitve change

e n o e l b a ri s e d n u n a y b t i a rt e l b a ri s e d a f o t n e m e c a l p e r e t e l p m o c e h t r e h ti e “ s n a e m

, k c o lr u H ( ” e fi l f o s r a e y y lr a e e h t n i n e v e r u c c o y ll a m r o n t o n o d , a s r e v e c i v r o

p p a h y l e r a r s e g n a h c e v it a ti l a u q s n a e m t i , e v o b a n o it i n if e d e h t m o r F . ) 1 2 1 .

p en

e h t n e k a e w r o x if o t d n e t l li w r e t c a r a h c d a b a s a h o h w n o s r e p a e s u a c e b

e g n a h c e v it a ti t n a u q , d n a h r e h t o e h t n O . ti e v o m e r o t n a h t r e h t a r , s c it s ir e t c a r a h c

r o d e n e h t g n e rt s , d e c r o f n i e r e b l li w t n e s e r p y d a e rl a s i t a h t s c it s ir e t c a r a h c “ s n a e m

2 1 . p ( ” d e n e k a e

w 1) .Thepersonaltiyr emain sconsistent ,buti tcanbeweakenedo r

. d e n e h t g n e rt s

y l e r a b e r a y e h t f i w o l s s a d e d r a g e r e r a s e g n a h c “ t a h t s y a s

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