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ii i v

S T N E M E G D E L W O N K C A

r o f t s ir h C s u s e J o t e d u ti t a r g t s e p e e d y m e v i g o t e k il d l u o w I , ll a f o t s ri F

I . m i H t u o h ti w g n i h t o n m a I e s u a c e b e m s e v a e l r e v e n e H e v e il e b I . s g n i s s e l b s i H

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y m g n ir u d p l e

h thesi sw iritng . Iwould ilket o t hankherf o rbeingsopaiten twtih , n a m i d u B a n it n e l a V a d n i L k n a h t o s l a I . s n o it s e g g u s e m g n i v i g d n a s s e n k a e w y m

l l a r o F . y d u t s y m d e tr a t s I e c n i s s s e n d n i k r e h d n a e c n a d i u g r e h r o f ,. m u H . M , . S . S

y m f

o lecture sand academic staf fin Engilsh Letter sDepa trmen to f Sanata . y d u t s y m g n ir u d e c n a d i u g r i e h t r o f s k n a h t t a e r g y m e v i g I , y ti s r e v i n U a m r a h D

t u o b a s e r a c o h w , y li m a f y m o t s k n a h t g i b y m e v i g o t e k il d l u o w I , n e h T

,r e h t o m y m d n a , g n i b o T n o s l e N , r e h t a f d e v o l e b y m k n a h t I . e

m Mairna Sjiabat ,

, r e h t o r b y m k n a h t o s l a I . r e y a r p d n a , tr o p p u s , n o it n e tt a , e v o l s s e l d n e r i e h t r o f

d n a n o it n e tt a r i e h t r o f , g n i b o T a il i s e S , r e t s i s y m d n a , g n i b o T i l u r a M

. h c u m o s m e h t e v o l I .t n e m e g a r u o c n

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li m a f ’ e 1 1 o l u g r A

‘ ,Niken ,Tika ,Dewi ,Dilla ,Essy ,and mbak Inna fo rthei r .

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S T N E T N O C F O E L B A T

E G A P E L T I

T ... i ..

E G A P L A V O R P P

A ... ii E

G A P E C N A T P E C C

A ... iii

E G A P T N E M E T A T

S ... vi

I S A K I L B U P N A A T A Y N R E P R A B M E

L ... v

E G A P O T T O

M ... iv

E G A P N O I T A C I D E

D ... v ii

S T N E M E G D E L W O N K C

A ... iv ii

S T N E T N O C F O E L B A

T ... x

T C A R T S B

A ... x ii ....

K A R T S B

A ... xi ii

N O I T C U D O R T N I : I R E T P A H

C ... 1 .... .

A Backgroundoft heStudy ... 1 .. .

B ProblemFormulaiton ... 4 .

C Objecitve soft heStudy ... 4 .... .

D De ifniitono fTerm s ... 5

W E I V E R L A C I T E R O E H T : I I R E T P A H

C ... 7 .

A Reviewo fRelatedStudie s ... 7 .

B Reviewo fRelatedTheo ire s ... 9 .

1 Theoryo fCharacte randcharacteirzaiton ... 9 .... .

2 Theoryo fFamliyRelaitonship ... 21 .

3 Theoryo fMessage ... 13 .

C Theoreitca lFramework ... 15 ....

Y G O L O D O H T E M : I I I R E T P A H

C ... 16 .

A Objec toft heStudy ... 16 .

B Approachoft heStudy ... 18 .

C Methodoft heStudy ... 91

S I S Y L A N A : V I R E T P A H

C ... 21 .

A TheDescirpitonoft heCharacter s ... 21 .

1 TheCharacteirzaitono fAnna ... 21 .

2 TheCharacteirzaitono fSara ... 24 .

3 TheCharacteirzaitono fB iran ... 92 .

4 TheCharacteirzaitono fKate ... 32 .

(12)

i x .

B TheRelaitonship sbetweenAnnaandherf amliy ... 36 .

1 TheRelaitonshipbetweenAnnaandSara ... 36 .... .

2 TheRelaitonshipbetweenAnnaandB iran ... 38 .. .

3 TheRelaitonshipbetweenAnnaandKate ... 9.. 3 .

4 TheRelaitonshipbetweenAnnaandJ esse ... 40 .. .

C TheMora lMessages ... 41 .

1 Listent oOther s ... 42 .

2 Tellt heTruth ... 44 .

3 Dono tEndange rOthers ... 46

N O I S U L C N O C : V R E T P A H

C ... 48

Y H P A R G O I L B I

B ... 53 :

X I D N E P P

(13)

ii x

T C A R T S B A

. G N I B O T N A B M U L I N A I R B E

P Message s Revealed from Anna’ s

s ’t l u o c i P i d o J n i n e e S s a y li m a F r e H h ti w s p i h s n o it a l e

R My Sister’ sKeeper .

, s r e tt e L f o y tl u c a F , s r e tt e L h s il g n E f o t n e m tr a p e D : a tr a k a y g o

Y Sanata Dharma

. 3 1 0 2 , y ti s r e v i n U

r e p e e K s r e t s i S y

M i sa nove lw irtten by Jod iPicoutl .Thi snove ltell s a

, a n n A t u o b

a thitreen year sold gri,l whobecome she rsister’ skeeperf o ralmos t t

o g , e t a K , r e t s i s r e H . e fi l r e h l l

a acute leukemia. Since Kate wa sdiagnosed o f a

i m e k u e

l ,he rparent sdesign Annat o saveKate .Att hemoment sa tfe rhe rbitrh , n

a l p s n a rt w o r r a m a e n o d s a h e h

s t .Al l rteatment ssheha sdonewerehe rmother’ s d

n a h s i

w wtihou the ragreed .One day ,Sara ,he rmother ,ask sher t o donatehe r n

d i

k eyf o rKate .However ,Annadoe sno twantt ogivehe rkidney .Shewant she r . n o it a p i c n a m e l a c i d e m r o f s t n e r a p r e h s e u s e h s t a h t o s y d o b n w o r e h r o f s t h g ir

e r a e r e h

T three problem sformulated in thi sthesis .The fris tproblem i s a

r a h c e r a s r e t c a r a h c e h t w o

h cte irzed .Thes econdi saboutt heAnna’sr elaitonship s ; r e h t a f r e h d n a a n n A ; r e h t o m r e h d n a a n n A n e e w t e b e r a e s o h t , y li m a f r e h h ti w

i d ri h t e h T . r e h t o r b r e h d n a a n n A d n a ; r e t s i s r e h d n a a n n

A swhat message s

d e l a e v e

r fromAnna’sr elaitonship swtihherf amliy.

l l a k e e s o t s e ir t r e ti r w e h T . d o h t e m h c r a e s e r y r a r b il e h t s e s u y d u t s s i h T

e h t r o f d e s u e b n a c t a h t y r a r b il e h t m o r f s e c n e r e f e r d e tr o p p u s r e h t o d n a a t a d

n i d e s u h c a o r p p a e h t , e li h w n a e M . s i s y l a n

a thi s study si formailst approach e

z y l a n a y d u t s s i h t e s u a c e

b st hel tieraryworkbasedon tisi nt irnsicelemen.t h

s y d u t s e h t f o t l u s e r e h

T ow stha tAnna i svigliant ,courageous ,and s

u o l a e

j .Sara’ scharacteirzaitons are stubborn ,srtong ,and selifsh .In conrtast, s

i n a ir

B attenitve ,fari ,and wise .Kate’ scharacteirzaitons are physically weak , s

e d d n a , r o ir e f n

i perate .Jessei sbrutal ,jealous ,and stubborn .SinceAnnadecide s a r a S d n a a n n A n e e w t e b p i h s n o it a l e r e h t , e r o m y n a e t a K r o f r o n o d a e b o t t o n

t a p i c n a m e l a c i d e m r o f s t n e r a p r e h s e u s a n n A . l o o c s e m o c e

b ion .Ont heothe rside ,

r o f m o d e e r f a n n A s e v i g n a ir B . ll e w s n u r n a ir B d n a a n n A n e e w t e b p i h s n o it a l e r e h t

n o s a e r e h T . n o i s i c e d d n a s t h g ir r e

h Annasuedhe rparentsi sKate .Annaand Kate .

y e n d i k r e h e v i g o t t o n a n n A s k s a e t a K t a h t s w o n k y d o b o n d n a e s o l c e r

a Actually ,

e r a c y e h t t u b e s o l c y ll a e r t o n e r a e s s e J d n a a n n A p i h s n o it a l e r e h t g n i n n i g e b e h t n i

w o H . r e h t o m r i e h t m o r f n o it n e tt a e r o m d e e n h t o b y e h t e s u a c e b s a r e h t o h c a

e ever ,

e h t s d n if r e ti r w e h

t messagesf ort her eaderst o ilsten t o other ,s t ellt he rtuth, dan .s

(14)

ii i x K A R T S B A . G N I B O T N A B M U L I N A I R B E

P Message s Revealed from Anna’ s

s ’t l u o c i P i d o J n i n e e S s a y li m a F r e H h ti w s p i h s n o it a l e

R My Sister’ sKeeper .

, a m r a h D a t a n a S s a ti s r e v i n U , a rt s a S s a tl u k a F , s ir g g n I a rt s a S n a s u r u J : a tr a k a y g o Y . 3 1 0 2 r e p e e K s r e t s i S y

M adalah sebuah nove lkarya Jod iPicoutl .Nove lin i a m a l e s r i p m a h g n a y n u h a t 3 1 r u m u r e b s i d a g g n a r o e s , a n n A g n a t n e t a ti r e c r e b , e t a K , a y n n a u p m e r e p k a k a K . a y n n a u p m e r e p k a k a k a g a j n e p i d a j n e m a y n p u d i h e t a K k a j e S . t u k a a i m e k u e l a ti r e d n e

m didiagnosa leukemia, orang tuanya , ri h a l a i d h a l e t e s t a a s a p a r e b e B . e t a K n a k t a m a l e y n e m k u t n u a n n A g n a c n a r e m g n a y n a t a b o g n e p a u m e S . g n a l u t m u s m u s i s a t n a l p s n a rt i n a l a j n e m h a d u s a n n A r a d a y n m u l e b e s n a u j u t e s r e p a d a a p n a t n a d a y n u b i k a d n e h e k h a l a d a i n a l a j a n n

A i

u t a s h a l a s n a k g n a b m u y n e m k u t n u a y n a t n i m e m , a y n u b i , a r a S , ir a h u t a u S . a n n A a i D . a y n n a k ir e b m e m n i g n i k a d it a n n A , n u m a N . e t a K k u t n u a y n l a j n i g r a g a a y n a u t g n a r o t a g u g g n e m a g g n i h e s i ri d n e s a y n h u b u t s a t a k a h n a k n i g n i g n e m .s i d e m i s a p i s n a m e h e l o r e p m e m a d

A itga rumusan masalah dalam sk irps iini .Rumusan masalah petrama h o k o t a n a m i a g a b h a l a

i -tokoh d i desk irpsikan .Rumusan masalah kedua ialah ; a y n u b i n a d a n n A a r a t n a n a g n u b u h u ti a y , a y n a g r a u l e k n a g n e d a n n A n a g n u b u h n a d ; a y n n a u p m e r e p k a k a k n a d a n n A ; a y n h a y a n a d a n n

A Anna dan kakak laki

-a l a s a m n a s u m u R . a y n i k a

l h keitga ialah pesan-pesan apa saja yang diungkapkan . a y n a g r a u l e k n a g n e d a n n A n a g n u b u h i r a d i r a c n e m a b o c n e m s il u n e P . a k a t s u p i d u t s e d o t e m n a k a n u g g n e m i n i i s p ir k S a t s u p r e p i r a d a y n n i a l g n u k u d n e p i s n e r e f e r n a d a t a

d kaan yang dapa tdigunakan

m a l a d n a k a n u g i d g n a y n a t a k e d n e p , n a k g n a d e S . s i s il a n a k u t n

u stud iin iadalah

. a y n k i s n ir t n i r u s n u n a k r a s a d r e b a rt s a s a y r a k a s il a n a a n e r a k s il a m r o f n a t a k e d n e p g n a y g n a r o e s h a l a d a a n n A a w h a b n a k k u j n u n e m i n i i d u t s i r a d l i s a H , a d a p s a

w berani ,dan pencemburu .Karake irsitk Sarayatiui buyangkera skepala , .s i o g e n a d , t a u

k eS bailknya ,B iran adalah ayah yang penuh perhaitan ,adli ,dan . a n a s k a ji

b Karakteirsitk Kate yatiu lemah ,rendah di ir ,dan putu sasa . Jesse a n n A k a j e S . a l a p e k s a r e k n a d , u r u b m e c n e p , l a t u r b g n a y k it s ir e t k a r a k i k il i m e m n a g n e d a n n A n a g n u b u h , a y n k a k a k i g a b r o n o d i d a j n e m k a d it k u t n u n a k s u t u m e m a r o t a g u g g n e m a n n A , n i g n i d i d a j n e m a r a

S ng t uaata skebebasan medis .Berbeda n a ir B , k i a b n a g n e d n a l a jr e b p a t e t n a ir B n a g n e d a n n A n a g n u b u h , a r a S n a g n e d a n n A n a s a l a h a l a d a e t a K . a n n A n a s u t u p e k n a d k a h s a t a n a s a b e b e k i r e b m e m g n a y a d a k a d it n a d t a k e d t a g n a s a k e r e m n a g n u b u H . a y n a u t g n a r o t a g u g g n e m e

m ngetahu i bahwa Kate-lah yang meminta Anna untuk itdak mendonorkan n u m a n , b a r k a u l a lr e t k a d it a y n l a w a e s s e J n a d a n n A n a g n u b u H . a y n l a j n i g h e l O . il u d e p g n il a s a k e r e m t a u b m e m a y n u b i ir a d h i b e l g n a y n a it a h r e p a y n g n a r u k ti a n e r a

k u ,penuil smenemukan pesan-pesan untuk dipeitk oleh pembaca untuk n a d , n a r a n e b e k n a k a t a y n e m , n i a l g n a r o n a k r a g n e d n e

m jangan membahayakan

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1

I R E T P A H C

N O I T C U D O R T N I

.

A Backgroundo fStudy

y r a r e ti l g n i d a e r y B . tr a f o s k r o w s a d e u l a v e r a t a h t s g n it ir w s i e r u t a r e ti L

s t n e v e t u o b a o s l a d n a f l e s ti e r u t a r e ti l n r a e l n a c s r e d a e r e h t ,s k r o

w and i ssuesi n ti .

a m a r d d n a l e v o n , y rt e o p , y r o t s t r o h s s a h c u s s e p y t l a r e v e s e r a e r e h t , e r u t a r e ti l n I

e s o r p f o e c e i p a s i tI . l e v o n e h t e z y l a n a o t s t n a w r e ti r w e h t , y d u t s s i h t n I . y a l p r o

d t i t a h t o s y r o t s t r o h s e h t n a h t r e t a e r g s i h t g n e l s ti t u b , n o it c

if eal swtih more

.s n o it a u ti s e r o m d n a s r e t c a r a h c

d e t a t s e l k n e

H tha t“reading anoveli salso ap irvateexpeirence, i n which

, s n o it a e r c s ’ k o o b e h t n o p u e s u m o t s e m it t a g n i s u a p , e c a p n w o s ’ e n o t a s e v o m e n o

n i o t , n o it c a r o e l p o e p s ’l e v o n e h t t u o b a m a e r d y a d o

t corporatewha tonehasr ead

l e v o n a g n i d a e r f o s s e c o r p e h T . y r o m e m n w o s ’ e n o o t n i t u o b a t h g u o h t d n a

y a l p e g a t s a g n i s s e n ti w f o t c a e h t ;t u o d a e r p s o t n o it a n i g a m i s ’ r e d a e r e h t s e c u d n i

n o it n e tt a s i h s u c o f o t r o t a t c e p s e h t s e ri u q e r y ll a u s

u ” (1977 :25 .)

f o e n

O theway speople can l earn from l tieraturei st hrough t hemessage.

n i y d o o M o t g n i d r o c c

A The Teaching o fLtierature, ltierary work alway soffer s

t h g ir e h t r o f e l g g u rt s , s r o i v a h e b e l b o n s ’ n a m u h h ti w d e t c e n n o c s e g a s s e m l a r o m

: 1 7 9 1 ( g n i e b n a m u h f o y ti n g i d d n

a 48) .Thi sstudy discusse smassage sfrom

, k r o w y r a r e ti

l MySister’ sKeeperbyJod iPicoutl ,speciifcallyf ort her elaitonship .

n

I Human Relaitons :Persona land Professiona lDevelopment ,DeCenzo and

(16)

a r e t n i f o e ti s o p m o c e h t s i s n o it a l e r n a m u

H citonst ha texis tbetweenpeople n a m u h g n i y d u t S . s e v il l a n o i s s e f o r p d n a l a n o s r e p r i e h t f o s t c e p s a l l a n i

y lr e p o r p t c a r e t n i o t w o h n r a e l d n a s e v l e s r u o d n a t s r e d n u s u s p l e h s n o it a l e r

.) 2 : 2 0 0 2 ( s r e h t o h ti w

t , y d u t s s i h t n

I he wrtie rwant sto ifnd ou twha tthe message srevealed

p i h s n o it a l e r s ’ a n n

A s wtih he rfamliy ,those are relaiton Anna wtih he rmothe r

r e h h ti w a n n A d n a , n a ir B r e h t a f r e h h ti w a n n A , e t a K r e t s i s r e h h ti w a n n A , a r a S

. e s s e J r e h t o r

b Int hi scase ,peoplecanl earnmessagesfromthefamliyr elaitonship .

r e h t o m e h t s e s s u c s i d y d u t s s i h

T -chlid ,father-chlid ,and sibilng relaitonship .s A

y e l s n i T d n a e k r a P . r e h t o h c a e s e c n e u lf n i y li m a

f (1987)i nNo lle randFtizpatirck’ s

, k o o

b Communicaitoni nFamliyRelaitonshipssaidt hat

t o m y a w e h t t c e f f a n a c s r e h t a

F hersi nterac twtihchlidrent hrough t hel eve l s n o it c a r e t n i ’ s r e h t a f t c e f f a n a c s r e h t o M . r e h t o m r o f e d i v o r p y e h t tr o p p u s f o

r e h t a f f o y ti l a u q d n a y ti t n a u q e h t r e v o l o rt n o c g n it r e x e y b n e r d li h c h ti

w

-l e r l a ti r a m e h t t c e f f a o s l a n a c n e r d li h C . n o it c a r e t n i d li h

c aitonshipbetween

e h t h ti w n o it c a r e t n i e h t s t c a p m i e g a ir r a m f o y ti l a u q e h t d n a s t n e r a p e h t

7 9 1 : 3 9 9 1 ( n e r d li h

c -198 .)

r e h h ti w a n n A s p i h s n o it a l e r e h t w o h s r e d a e r e h t l l e t o t s e ir t r e ti r w e h T

y li m a

f revealed . By ifnding thei r personaltiy , the wrtie r know s thei r

.s c it s ir e t c a r a h

c According t o Abram ,s “character sare t he person spresented i n a

d e w o d n e g n i e b s a r e d a e r e h t y b d e t e r p r e t n i e r a o h w , k r o w e v it a r r a n r o c it a m a r d

y a s y e h t t a h w n i d e s s e r p x e e r a t a h t s e it il a u q l a n o it i s o p s i d d n a l a r o m h ti

w – the

e u g o l a i

d – andbywhatt heydo– theaciton”( 1981 :20 .)

, e r o m r e h tr u

F b y knowing the characte irsitcs ,the wrtie rcan ifnd thei r

.s e g a s s e m e h t s e d u l c n o c r e ti r w e h t s n o it a l e r e s o h t m o r f d n a , n o it a l e

r Themessage

r o w e h t n

i ko far tdeal swtih t heperspecitveaboutt hegood t hing. Kenneystated

t a h

(17)

d a b d n a d o o g f o g n i h c a e t a s n a e m l a r o m y ll a r e n e g t a h t y lf e ir b d i a s e b n a c t I

.) 9 8 : 6 6 9 1 , y e n n e K

( I tindrieclty can be something tha tmigh tautho rwant sto

.s r e d a e r e h t o t y e v n o c

r e p e e K s r e t s i s y

M t do l abou tAnna, t hemain character ,who did no tge t

y d o b e h t f o t r a p r e h e t u b ir t n o c o t s a h e h s e s u a c e b y d o b n w o r o f s t h g ir r e h

n e h w e s a e s i d s u o ir e s a d e s o n g a i d s a w e t a K . e t a K , r e t s i s r e d l e r e h o t y l s u o u n it n o c

a i m e k u e l c it y c o l e y m o r p e t u c a s a h e h s , o w t s a w e h

s (APL) .I twa sdfi ifcutlt o be

. d e r u

c Then thedocto rsuggested Saraand B irant odogeneitcplanning,t ha twa s

g n it a e r

c babyfo rheatlhpurposes .Thef actt hatt heonlyr easonAnnawa sborni s

. e t a K r o f p o r c t s e v r a h a s a

s u l c n o c k o o t r e ti r w e h t , e s o h t m o r

F ion a s the message abou t thi s

m o r F . p i h s n o it a l e r s r e t c a r a h

c My Sister’ sKeeper ,the reader scan learn abou t

y d u t s s i h T . r e h t o h ti w n o it a l e r s a h , y li m a f n i s e v il y r e v E . p i h s n o it a l e r f o s e g a s s e m

. s u d n u o r a n e p p a h t a h t p i h s n o it a l e r e m a s e h t s e v i g y ti li b i s s o

p Thi snoveli sabou t

a n n A . d o o h g n il b i s d n a d o o h t n e r a p , y li m a

f who wa sthitreen decided to sue he r

s a e r e h W . r e t s i s r e h r e p e e k r o f n r o b s a w e h S . s t h g ir r e h r o f s t n e r a

p , there were

u o h tl A . ’ r e t s i s r e h e c if ir c a s o t s i r e t h g u a d r u o y e v a s o t y a w y l n o e h t‘ n e tt ir

w gh

.l a u s u s a r e h t e g o t e v il l li t s s a w e h s ,s t n e r a p r e h d e u s e h s

s r e d a e r e h

T mayhaved fiferen topinionabou tAnna’ sdecision .Peoplecan

s e o d t i , d o o g s i t a h t k n i h t e w t a h w s e m it e m o s t u b , d o o g s i ti k n i h t y e h t t a h w o d

o e h t r o f d o o g o s l a s i ti t a h t n a e m t o

n thers .Good f o ronemigh tbebadi nsociety .

ti t e r p r e t n i o t s r e d a e r e h t r o f m o d e e r f s i e r e h

T .I tjus tshow swhati sgood o rbad ,

(18)

n o h c r a e s e r e h t g n i o d n i n o s a e r e h

T message i sgenerally giving the

e fi l t u o b a n o s s e l s r e d a e

r ,even daliyr elaiton .TheFtizgeraldsi sanuclearf amliy .

e h

T messagecanbel earned mfro ther elaitonshipAnnawtihherf amliyi nthi sMy

r e p e e K s r e t s i

S novel . tIi sno tonlyAnna’sr elaitonship wtih he rsister ,who need

r e h h ti w o s l a t u b , n o it a n o d r e

h mothe,rf ather ,andbrothe.r

.

B ProblemFormula iton

e r a e r e h t , y d u t s s i h t n

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h t f o t n e m e l e c i s n ir t n i e h t e n i m a x e o t d e s o p r u

p enovel ,andt henex tproblem s are

t f o t n e m e l e c i s n ir t x e e h t e n i m a x e o t d e s o p r u

p henovel .Thet hreeproblem swere

.s w o ll o f s a d e t a l u m r o f

.

1 Howaret hecharacter sdesc irbedi nt henovel?

.

2 How are the relaitonship sbetween Anna and he rfamliy revealed in thi s

? l e v o n

.

3 Wha taret hemessagesr evealedf romAnna’sr elaitonship swtihherf amliy in

l e v o n e h

t ?

.

C Objecitve soft heStudy

o t s i y d u t s s i h t f o m i a e h

T presen tt he message so fthe relaitonship son

s ’t l u o c i P i d o

J My Sister’ sKeeper .The objecitve so fthe study presented the

r e w s n

a s fo thequesitonss tatedi nt heproblemf ormulaiton.Thef oristist descirbe

c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h

t soft hecharacters int henove,lt heyareAnna ,Sara ,Kate ,B iran ,

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d n o c e s e h

T objecitve,t hewrtiert irest o explain t her elaitonship sbetween

h ti w a n n A n e e w t e b p i h s n o it a l e r e r a e s o h T . y li m a f r e h d n a a n n

A he rparents ,Sara

. e s s e J d n a e t a K , s g n il b i s r e h h ti w a n n A p i h s n o it a l e r e h t d n a , n a ir B d n

a Finally ,

h ti w p i h s n o it a l e r s ’ a n n A m o r f d e l a e v e r s e g a s s e m e h t y fi t n e d i o t s e ir t r e ti r w e h t

. y li m a f r e h

.

D De ifniitono fTerms

e b o t d e t s il s m r e t l a c i n h c e t e m o s e r a e r e h

T clairifed to avoid

. y d u t s s i h t n i g n i d n a t s r e d n u s i m

.

1 Message

n i r e t n u H d n a y t a e

B New World o f Ltierature give the explanaiton on

y l p m i s e b n a c t a h t s n o i s u l c n o c y s a e e m o s r o g n i n a e m l a u t c a e h t s a s e g a s s e m

) 9 9 8 : 9 8 9 1 ( t r a f o k r o w a e d i s n i d e z ir a m m u s r o d e t a t

s .Whlie ,in Longman

t a h t d e t a t s h s il g n E y r a r o p m e t n o C f o y r a n o it c i

D message i sthe main o rmos t

n a tr o p m

i tidea tha tsomeone i s rtying to tel lpeople abou tin a book (Gadsby ,

0 4 1 1 : 1 0 0

2 ) .

.

2 Rela itonship

n

I Longman Dicitonaryo fContemporary Eng ilsh stated t ha trelaitonship

y a w e h t ;r e h t o h c a e s d r a w o t e v a h e b s p u o r g o w t r o e l p o e p o w t h c i h w n i y a w e h t s i

h c i h w s

i two o rmore thing sare connected and affec teach other ;a stiuaiton in

r e h t e g o t e m it d n e p s e l p o e p o w t h c i h

w o r ilvet ogether ;t hewayi n whichyou are

( y li m a f r u o y n i e n o e m o s o t d e t a l e

r Gadsby ,2001 :1521 .) The term relaitonship

s e t a l e

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t n e m p o l e v e

D , Humanr elaitonsi st hecompostieofi nteracitonst ha texis tbetween

s n o it a l e r n a m u H . s e v il l a n o i s s e f o r p d n a l a n o s r e p r i e h t f o s t c e p s a l l a n i e l p o e p

o t w o h n r a e l d n a s e v l e s r u o d n a t s r e d n u s u s p l e

h interac twtih other s(DeCenzo &

, k e n a h li

S 2002 :2 .) In othe rword ,relaitonship i sarelaiton ori nteraciton people

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7 I I R E T P A H C

W E I V E R L A C I T E R O E H T

.

A Reviewo fRelatedStudies r e p e e K s r e t s i s y

M si w irttenbyJod iPicoul tandf ris tpubilshedi n2004.I t

r e h t a f e h t f o g n it s i s n o c , s d l a r e g z ti F e h T . y li m a f a n i p i h s n o it a l e r e h t d e t n e s e r p e r

r i e h t 2 d n a ) a r a S ( r e h t o m , ) n a ir B

( chlidren (Jesse and Kate) . The problem

. e s a e s i d s u o ir e s a d e s o n g a i d s a w , o w t s a w o h w , e t a K n e h w y li m a f s i h t n i d e r r u c c o

h T . y li m a f s i h t n i t n a tr o p m i y l n o e h t e m a c e b s y a w l a e h

S ewrtiert iredt o ifnd t he

. p i h s n o it a l e r ri e h t h g u o r h t e g a s s e m

g r o n a d e d e e n e t a

K an donorf o rhe rLeukemiabu the rbrother ,Jesse, wa s

o t e c i v d a s ’ r o t c o d e h t d i d n a ir B d n a a r a S s a w y a w r e h t o e h T . r o n o d e l b a ti u s a t o n

r e h r o f r o n o d a e b o t n r o b s a w a n n A n o s a e r e h t s a w t a h T . g n i n n a l p c it e n e g e h t o d

. e t a K , r e t s i

s Araujoi nhi saritcleBioethica lEducaiton on Deilbera iton :TheView

l e v o N f

o explainedt ha tAnnawa sborntobeanother .Shedidno tilvea shersel .f

f o s s e c o r p s i h t e e s s u s e k a m , tl u o c i P y d o J y b l e v o n a , r e p e e K s ’ r e t s i S y M

f fi d e h t y b d l o t s e v it a r r a n h g u o r h t y ti t n e d i g n i d li u

b eren tcharacter stha t

e m it s a s n i a m e r t a h t fl e S e h t , d n a t s I e r e h w s i e r e h s e t a t s t a h t fl e S e h t t s e tt a

l l A . r e h t o n A s a f l e s e n O g n i e b f o e s i m o r p e h t s p e e k t a h t fl e S e h t , y b s e o g

e h t y b d e k n il s u h t e r a l e v o n s ’t l u o c i P n i d e d d e b m e s e v it a r r a n e h t

l a c it u e n e m r e

h processt ha tcreated t hem, t hat i srepresented by t hem and s

r e d a e r e h t m o r f k s a n r u t n i y e h t t a h

t (Araujo :21Decembe r2012 .)

a f o t l u s e r e h t t o n s a w e h S . e s o p r u p c if i c e p s y r e v a r o f n r o b s a w a n n A

m e h t f o t a e h e h t r o n o o m l l u f a r o e n i w f o e lt t o b p a e h

c omen.tI naritcleSearching

l e v o N a f o w e i V l a c i h t E n A : s s e n r e h t O r o

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a r o f ti a w e t a K t e l r o y b a b a n g i s e d d l u o w y e h t r e h t e h w e s o o h c o t t h g ir e h t e v a h

.r o n o d e l b a ti u s

t d li h c r e h t o n a e v a h o t e d i c e d s d l a r e g z ti F e h t n e h

W o save Kate, t hey ac t

g n i v a h n e e w t e b e s o o h c o t t h g ir e h t e v a h y e h t t a h t n o it p m u s s a e h t f o t u o

e i d y l b a b o r p d n a r o n o d a r o f t i a w e t a K g n it t e l r o d li h c r e h t o n a

.) 2 1 0 2 r e b m e c e D 1 2 : s e a h l a g a M ( y ll a u t c

A ,thei rdecision to do geneitc planning wa sno twrong .They have the

. r e t h g u a d g n i y d r i e h t e v a s o t d e t n a w y e h T . e s o p r u p d n a s t h g

ir However ,My

r e p e e K s r e t s i

S wa sno tonly about l ove and sacirifce bu talso sisterhood .There

d e r a e p p a a m m e li D . e n o e m o s e c if ir c a s o t d e d e e n t i t u b , s d l a r e g z ti F e h t n i e v o l s a w

a r a S n e h

w migh tsac irifceAnnaf o rKate’sl fie .Annawa sno tsick physicallybu t

r o f ,t c a f n I . y ll a t n e m k c i s t l e f a n n A e d a m e t a K r o f r e h e k a t o t d i d r e h t o m r e h l l a

d i d e h s , s e d i s e B . e t a K r o f s t n e m t a e rt f o t o l a e n o d s a h a n n A s r a e y n e e tr i h t t s o m l a

s t h g ir r e h t e g t o

n a sadaughter .Sheneededmoreattenitonf romhe rmother ,buti t

. e t a K n o d e s u c o f r e h t o m r e h e s u a c e b t o n d i d

r e h n i i n a it s ir K i t k e

B undergraduate thesi senitlted “The Meaning so fa

r e t h g u a D g n i y D r e H o t e v o L s ’ r e h t o

M a sSeen in Jod iPicoul’t sMy Siste r

r e p e e

K ” discussedaboutt her elaitonship.

d n a t s r e d n u o t t n a tr o p m i s i ti , e v o l s ’ a r a S f o s g n i n a e m p e e d e h t w o n k o T

d n a e v o l s ’ r e h t o m s A . n e r d li h c r e h d n a a r a S n e e w t e b p i h s n o it a l e r e h t

r e h t o

m -chlidrenr elaitonshiparepatr so fpsychologica laspec,ti tdeal swtih r

o i v a h e b s e c n e u lf n i ti w o h d n a d n i

m (K irsitani :2010 .)

e z y l a n a i n a it s ir K h g u o h tl

A d therelaitonship i n samenovel , ti i sdfiferen t

. y d u t s s i h t m o r

f S he analyzed the relaitonship Sara wtih he rchlidren through

w e i v f o t n i o p l a c i g o l o h c y s

p ,wh lie thi sstudy i sanalyzed through the int irnsic

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r e h d n a r e h t o m n e e w t e b e v o l s a w e r e h t , y d u t s r e h n i d i a s i n a it s ir K s A

tI . e t a K , r e t h g u a d g n i y

d i sno twrong t o l oveachlid bu tnot t oo much , tii salso

u q e t u b n e r d li h c l l a e v o l o t g n o r w t o

n ally .She ha s irght sto ge tatteniton from

e b d l u o c t i , e m o h n i e r a c e r o m d e e n n e r d li h C . t e g r e t s i s r e h s a h c u m s a r e h t o m

.r e h t a f d n a r e h t o m r i e h t m o r f

, e v o b a s m s i c it ir c e s o h t m o r

F MySiste 'r sKeepershowed wh o tobeagood

n e r a

p t ,a good sister ,a good person .However ,none o fthose studie sfound the

s e g a s s e

m fromt her elaitonshipsasr epresentedbyAnnaFtizgeraldandherf amliy .

r e h t o m o r f t n e r e f fi d y d u t s s i h t e k a m o t , e r o f e r e h

T studies ,the wrtie rfound the

s e g a s s e

m revealedf romAnna’srelaitonship swtihherf amliy .

.

B Reviewo fRelatedTheories .

1 Theoryo fCharacterandCharacteriza iton

y r o t s e h t ,r e t c a r a h c a t u o h ti W . t n a tr o p m i y r e v s i k r o w y r a r e ti l a n i r e t c a r a h C

n o d e s a B . n u r t o n l li

w A Glossary o fLtierary Terms, Abram ssaid tha tthe

a s i r e t c a r a h

c disitncitvet ypeo fpersoninprose(1981 :20). Healsos aid

Character saret heperson spresentedi nadramaitco rnarraitvework ,whoare l a n o it i s o p s i d d n a l a r o m h ti w d e w o d n e g n i e b s a r e d a e r e h t y b d e t e r p r e t n i

y e h t t a h w n i d e s s e r p x e e r a t a h t s e it il a u

q s – ay h e dialogue – andbyt heydo– .)

0 2 : 1 8 9 1 ( n o it c a e h t

i , e li h

W nAHandbookt oLtierature ,HolmanandHarmondesc irbedcharacte r

y ti l a n o s r e p n a m u h e h t f o a e d i e h t s e d u l c n i t a h t m r e t d e t a c il p m o c a s

i and the

b o t m e e s t a h t tr a n i e r u t a e r c f o e c n e s e r

p ehuman being so fone sor to ranother ,

s r e d a e r e h t f o n o it a n i g a m i e h t n i t s i x e e r a y e h

(24)

d n a d n a l g n E n i d e h s ir u o lf t a h t m o r f y r a r e ti l a o t d e il p p a m r e t a s i r e t c a r a h C

e v it p ir c s e d f e ir b a s i t I . s e ir u t n e c h t n e e t h g i e d n a h t n e e t n e v e s e h t n i e c n a r F

s i n o s r e p e h T . y ti l a u q e ti n if e d e m o s s e if i p y t o h w e g a n o s r e p a f o H C T E K S

e c i v e m o s f o e l p m a x e n a s a t u b y ti l a n o s r e p d e z il a u d i v i d n i n a s a t o n d e b ir c s e d

s u o l u r r a g a , n i k p m u b a , b o f a , n o tt u l g a , y d o b y s u b a s a h c u s , e p y t r o e u tr i v r o

, d i a m k li m y p p a h a , n a m d l

o etc( 1986 :81).

g n i d r o c c

A Rohrberge rand Woods ,characteirzaiton i s t heproces sby which

s e c i v e d e h t ,r e t c a r a h c a s e t a e r c r o h t u a n

a tha tmake u sbeileveacharacteri st he

.) 0 8 : 1 7 9 1 ( s i e h n o s r e p f o e p y t r a l u c it r a

p Characte rcomesf romt heautho rwho

a

m ke skind so fpersonaltiyaret here.

n i y h p r u

M Understanding Unseens :An Introduciton to Engilsh Poetry and

s t n e d u t S s a e s r e v O r o f s l e v o N h s il g n E e h

t menitonedninewaysi nwhichanautho r

e m o c d n a , o t e l b a d n a t s r e d n u s r e t c a r a h c r e h r o s i h e k a m o t s t p m e tt

a ailve fo r

e r a s y a w e n i n e s o h T . s r e d a e

r .

.

a Persona lDescirpiton

T

“ heautho rcan descirbeaperson’ sappearanceand clothes” (1972 :161 .) In

y ll a u s u r o h t u a e h t ,l e v o n e h

t wrotedown t hecharacter’ sappearance .Thisi s

o n k o t y s a e s r e d a e r e h t c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h

t w .

.

b Characte rSeenbyanother

“Instead o f descirbing a characte r drieclty the autho rcan descirbe him

r e h t o n a f o s n o i n i p o d n a s e y e e h t h g u o r h

t ” (1972 : 162 .) By the othe r

e m o s e r a e r e h t , c it s ir e t c a r a h c s r e t c a r a h c e h t t e g l li w s r e d a e r e h t , r e t c a r a h c

a h t s e u l

c tt her eade rknowbyanothe rcharacte.r

.

c Speech

T

“ heautho rcan giveu sani nsighti nto t hecharacte ro foneoft hepersonsi n

(25)

f s t u p e h r e v e n e h w , r e h t o n a h ti w n o it a s r e v n o c n i s i e h r e v e n e h

w orward an

r e t c a r a h c s i h o t e u l c e m o s s u g n i v i g s i e h , n o i n i p

o ”( 1972 :164 .) Ther eader s

o t h c e e p s r e t c a r a h c e h t y a w e h t f o e d u ti tt a e h t m o r f c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h t w o n k

.r e h t o e h t

.

d Pastl fie

B

“ y l etitng t he reader l earn something abou ta person’ spast l fie t he autho r

n o s r e p s ’ n o s r e p e p a h s o t d e p l e h e v a h t a h t s t n e v e o t e u l c a s u e v i g n a c

e h t h g u o r h t , r o h t u a e h t y b t n e m m o c t c e ri d y b e n o d e b n a c s i h T . r e t c a r a h c

r e h t o n a f o m u i d e m e h t h g u o r h t r o n o it a s r e v n o c s i h h g u o r h t ,s t h g u o h t s ’ n o s r e p

n o s r e

p ” (1972 : 166 .) The autho r give s the reader s clue through pas t

.s r e t c a r a h c e h t f o y ti l a n o s r e p e h t d e c n e u lf n i t a h t e c n e ir e p x e

.

e Conversaitono fothers

T

“ he autho rcan also give u s clue to a person’ s characte r through the

i h t u o b a y a s y e h t s g n i h t e h t d n a e l p o e p r e h t o f o n o it a s r e v n o

c m .People do

e h t o t e u l c a s a e v i g n e tf o y a s y e h t s g n i h t e h t d n a e l p o e p r e h t o t u o b a k l a t

t u o b a n e k o p s n o s r e p e h t f o r e t c a r a h

c ” (1972 :167 .) The conversaiton i s

h g u o r h t c it s ir e t c a r a h c s ’ r e t c a r a h c e h t w o h w o n k l li w s r e d a e r e h T . t n a tr o p m i

h t n o it a s r e v n o c e h

t echaracters pokenabou.t

.f Reacitons

T

“ heautho rcanalsogiveu sacluet oaperson’ scharacte rbyl etitngu sknow

s t n e v e d n a s n o it a u ti s s u o ir a v o t s t c a e r n o s r e p t a h t w o

h ” (1972 :168 .) The

y e h t m e l b o r p d n a n o it a u ti s h ti w l a e d s r e t c a r a h c e h t w o h s e b ir c s e d r o h t u a

(26)

.

g Driec tcomment

T

“ heautho rcandesc irbeo rcommen tonaperson’ scharacte rdrieclty”( 1972 :

r o h t u a e h T . ) 0 7

1 wrtiest hecharacteirsitcdriecltybyhi sopiniono rcomment ,

e h t n i n w o h s s i ti e s u a c e b c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h t w o n k o t y li s a e s i r e d a e r e h t o s

. l e v o n

.

h Thoughts

T

“ heautho rcangiveu sdriec tknowledgeo fwha tapersoni st hinkingabout .

s i e h t c e p s e r s i h t n

I ablet o dowha twecanno tdo i n r eal l fie .Hecan t el lu s

g n i k n i h t e r a e l p o e p t n e r e f fi d t a h

w ” (1972 : 171) . The autho r wrtie sthe

s ’ n o s r e p t a h t h g u o r h t c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h t w o n k s r e d a e r e h T . d n i m s ’ r e t c a r a h c

.f o g n i k n i h t

.i Manneirsms

T

“ he autho rcan descirbe a person’ smanneirsms ,habti so ridiosyncrasie s

r e t c a r a h c s i h t u o b a g n i h t e m o s s u l l e t o s l a y a m h c i h

w ”(Murphy ,1972 :173).

e h t f o e d u ti tt a d n a t i b a h , r o i v a h e b e h t m o r f r e t c a r a h c e h t w o n k s r e d a e r e h T

. e fi l y li a d s ’ r e t c a r a h c

.

2 Theoryo fFamliyRela itonships i

m a

F lyconsist soft hef ather ,mothe randchlid .Ther elaitonship i si mpo tran t

n I . r e h t o r o

f Marriage and the Famliy ,Leclercq said tha t“chlid i sa human

e h t m i h d r a w o t t c a rt n o c s t n e r a p , d lr o w e h t o t n i m i h g n i g n ir b y B . n o s r e p

a m a n i m i h g n ir a e r f o n o it a g il b

o nnert ha twli lenablehimt of acel fiei n hist urn .

(27)

s i h e s u a c e b y l n o d lr o w s i h t o t n i e m o c s a h o h w g n i e b n a m u h a r o f y ti li b i s n o p s e r

.) 1 5 3 : 2 4 9 1 ( ti o t n i m i h t h g u o r b s t n e r a p

e t a t s m o r

F men tabove ,the relaitonship begin sfrom the parents ,and the

n e r d li h c e h t d n a n e r d li h c r i e h t h c a e t s t n e r a P . d li h c r i e h t r o f e l b i s n o p s e r e r a s t n e r a p

t n a tr o p m i s i y li m a f n i p i h s n o it a l e r e h t s e e s r e ti r w e h T . h c a e t s t n e r a p e h t t a h w o d

n a c t I . n e r d li h c e h t r o

f in lfuencef o rchlidrencommunicaitonandt heris ociety.

n i s il l

E On Lfie and Sex stated the parent sare deeply attached to thei r

. p u n w o r g e r a y e h t n e h w n e v e m e h t o t n e r d li h c n i a m e r l li t s o h w , n e r d li h

c The

s y a w l a s t n e r a

p guide a nd protec tthem to enjoy thei rsociety and thei raid ,and

n e r d li h c n i a m e r o t y l e ti n if e d n i e u n it n o c l l a h s n e r d li h c r i e h t t a h t t c e p x e y e h

t .On

, e d i s r i e h

t thechlidren remain and wli lalway sremain t endelry attached t o t hei r

s t n e r a

p (1957 :18-1 9 .)Healso said t ha tther elaitonship betweenparen tand chlid

s

i a soneo fmutua laffecitonandcareandther elaitonships houldconitnuet oexis t

e it a s

a (1957 :21 .)

o t t n a tr o p m i o s s i g n i n e t s il t a h t d i a s y e s l e K . e v o l s w o h s e r a c , e r o m r e h tr u F

p p a , n r e c n o c e h t s r e h t o g n i v i g s n a e m g n i v o L . e v o

l reciaiton and understanding

e v o l r o r o f e r a c d l u o w e w m o h w e n o y r e v e o t n e t s il o t d e e n e W . d e e n y e h t t a h t

7 6 : 1 8 9 1 , y e s l e K

( -68 ,85) . tIi sneededi nt hef amliyr elaitonship .Wtihoutt hatt he

e r a c d n a e v o L . ll e w n u r t o n t h g i m n o it a l e

r a rethekeyi naf amliy.

.

3 Theoryo fMessage

o t g n i d r o c c A . l e v o n g n i d u l c n i , e g a s s e m f o s n i a t n o c k r o w y r a r e ti l y r e v E

n i n o s d u

H An Introduciton to the Study o fLtierature ,he stated tha t“a good

e g r a l w e n s e s o l c s i d t a h t e g a s s e m a s i e g a s s e

(28)

, t c a

f heeven t ires t o createt hosepossibiilitest hemselves .A good message doe s

a b n r e tt a p w e n s e t a e r c t i t u b m r o n r o n r e tt a p l a r e n e g w o ll o f o t d n e t t o

n sed on

.) 3 2 : 8 5 9 1 ( s e u l a v n a m u h

n a c s r e d a e r e h t o s s e u l a v n a m u h n o d e s a b e g a s s e m d o o g a , t n e m e t a t s t a h t s A

s e g a s s e m d i a s r e t n u H d n a y t a e B , e li h W . s i d o o g e h t t a h w t u o b a e v it c e p s r e p t e g

r o d e t a t s y l p m i s e b n a c t a h t s n o i s u l c n o c y s a e e m o s r o g n i n a e m l a u t c a s a e r a

f o k r o w a e d i s n i d e z ir a m m u

s ar t (1989 : 899) . Moody in The Teaching o f

e r u t a r e ti

L , l tierary work alway soffer smora lmessage sconnected wtih human’ s

. ) 8 4 : 1 7 9 1 ( g n i e b n a m u h f o t h g ir e h t d n a r o i v a h e b

n i ) 2 2 : 0 9 9 1 ( n e t s E o t g n i d r o c c

A Kesusastraan : Penganta r Teor i dan

h a r a j e

S ,therearet wowayst or evea lamessage:

.

a Drieclty( exp ilcilty)

y lt c e ri d ) c t e , g n i h c a e t ,s e c i v d a ( e g a s s e m e h t s l a e v e r r o h t u a e h t , d o h t e m s i h t n I

e h t f o t r a p s a d e tr e s n i e r a h c i h w s t n e m m o c t c e ri d e h t h g u o r h t r e d a e r e h t o t

. r o h t u a e h t y b y r o t

s The purpose o fthi smethod i stha treader sge tthe

. y li s a e e g a s s e m

.

b Indrieclty i(mpilcilty)

In t hi smethod, t he autho rdoe sno treveal t hemessaged rieclty .Instead, t he

e h t s a h c u s , k r o w y r a r e ti l e h t f o s t n e m e l e r e h t o h g u o r h t t i s l a e v e r r o h t u a

t c a r a h c , s t c il f n o c , s t n e v e f o s e ir e

s ers ,and the character’ satttiude toward

s ll e t y ll a u t c a y r o t s e h t t a h w e d u l c n o c d n a t e r p r e t n i s r e d a e r e h T . s t c il f n o c

.t u o b a m e h

t The autho rgive sthe reader sfreedom to interpret the story ,

(29)

n i s i e g a s s e m e h t , d o h t e m t c e ri d e h t n i t a h t r a e l c s i ti t n e m e t a t s s ’ n e t s E m o r F

e h t d n if y li s a e n a c s r e d a e r e h t d n a t n e m m o c t c e ri d s ’ r o h t u a e h t f o m r o f e h t

e h t d n a m r o f e l b i s i v o n s a h e g a s s e m e h t , d o h t e m t c e ri d n i e h t n i e li h W . e g a s s e m

e r p r e t n i e r a s r e d a e

r ted t he messagethrough othe relement sof t hestory ,such a s

.t c il f n o c d n a , s r e t c a r a h c , t o l

p Therefore ,one ltierary work may contain vairou s

y r a r e ti l t a h t f o s t n e m e l e e h t g n i z y l a n a y b t i d n if n a c s r e d a e r e h t e s u a c e b s e g a s s e m

. k r o w

.

C Theoreitca lFramework

d n a r e t c a r a h c f o y r o e h t s a h c u s , d e d e e n s e ir o e h t e r a e r e h T

, p i h s n o it a l e r y r o e h t , n o it a z ir e t c a r a h

c andtheorymessage. Thet heory o fcharacte r

n i n o it s e u q t s ri f e h t r e w s n a o t e l b a ti u s e r a n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c d n

a problem

n o it a l u m r o

f .By applying thi stheory ,the wrtie rwli lbe able to descirbe the

.r e t c a r a h c e h t f o s c it s ir e t c a r a h c

m e l b o r p d n o c e s e h t r e w s n a o t d e s u s i p i h s n o it a l e r y li m a f f o y r o e h T

y b s e it il a n o s r e p s ’ r e t c a r a h c e h t e e s o t r e ti r w e h t p l e h l li w y r o e h t s i h T . n o it a l u m r o f

i s e d u ti tt a d n a s r o i v a h e b r i e h

t n the famliy .The wrtie rwli lable draw how the

.s d l a r e g z ti F e h t m o r f d e l a e v e r t a h t p i h s n o it a l e r

d ri h t e h t r e w s n a o t d e s u s i e g a s s e m f o y r o e h t e h

T problemf ormulaiton .By

e h t h c i h w n i d a b d n a d o o g e h t t a h w d n if o t s e ir t r e ti r w e h t , y r o e h t e h t g n i w o n k

e h t s i h T . l e v o

n ory wli lhelp t he wrtiert o ifnd good message i n t he novel t o t he

r e d a e

r s by famliy relaitonships .Al ltheo ires tha tthe wrtie rha sexplained are

tr o p p u s y r o e h t e n O . r e h t o h c a e o t d e t a l e

r s eachothe randi thelps thewrtiert o ifnd

e w s n a e h

(30)

6 1

I I I R E T P A H C

Y G O L O D O H T E M

.

A Objec toft heStudy

d e lt it n e l e v o n s ’t l u o c i P i d o J f o e n o e s y l a n a o t g n i o g s i s i s e h t s i h

T My

.r e p e e K s r e t s i

S Jod iPicou tli st he bestselilng autho rof t wenty novels :Song so f

e l a h W k c a b p m u H e h

t (1992) , Harvesitng the Heart(1993) , Picture

t c e f r e

P (1995) , Mercy(1996) , The Pact(1998) , Keeping Fatih(1999) , Plain

h t u r

T (2000) ,Salem Falls(2001) ,Perfec tMatch(2002) ,Second Glance(2003) ,

r e p e e K s 'r e t s i S y

M (2004) , Vanishing Acts(2005) , The Tenth Circle(2006) ,

s e t u n i M n e e t e n i

N (2007) ,Wonde rWoman :Love and Murder(2007) ,Change o f

t r a e

H (2008) , Handle Wtih Care(2009) , House Rules(2010) , Sing You

e m o

H (2011) ,andhe rnewes tnovel ,LoneWofl(2012).

3 0 0 2 n

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y r a r b i L t l u d A g n u o Y e h t m o r f d r a w A x e l A n a t n e i p i c e r e h t n e e b o s l a s a h e h S

d n a t s u r T s d r a w d E r e d n a x e l A t e r a g r a M e h t y b d e r o s n o p s , n o it a i c o s s A s e c i v r e S

l u d a r o f n e tt ir w s k o o b n e t f o e n o , t s il k o o

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s ’ r e d a e R a i n i g ri V a , d r a w A k o o B n i a t n u o M n e e r G t n o m r e V a , K U e h t n i r a e Y e h t

a d n a , d r a w A k o o B l o o h c S h g i H s i o n il lI n l o c n i L m a h a r b A e h t , d r a w A e c i o h C

k c a l B d n a l y r a

(31)

r o f s e ir e s k o o b c i m o

c DC Comics .He rbook sare rtanslated into thitry fou r

s e ir t n u o c e v if y tr i h t n i s e g a u g n a

l . She received an honorary Docto ro fLetter s

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e m a n e m a s e h t f o l e v o

n My Sister’ sKeeper wa sreleased in the Untied Sattes ,

. 9 0 0 2 , 6 2 e n u J n o m o d g n i K d e ti n U e h t d n a , o c i x e M , a d a n a C

r e p e e K s r e t s i S y

M i sabout t he Ftizgeralds .They have bad relaitonship s

o n d i d , r e t c a r a h c n i a m e h t , a n n A . y a d y r e v e t e m y e h t h g u o h t n e v

e tge the r irght s

y d o b n w o r o

f becauseshehast o contirbutehe rpar tof t hebody conitnuously t o

n e h w e s a e s i d s u o ir e s a d e s o n g a i d s a w e t a K . e t a K , r e t s i s r e d l e r e

h she was t wo ,

e h T . d e r u c e b o t t l u c if fi d s a w t I . ) L P A ( a i m e k u e l c it y c o l e y m o r p e t u c a s a h e h s

y b a b g n it a e r c s a w t a h t , g n i n n a l p c it e n e g e h t o d o t n a ir B d n a a r a S d e t s e g g u s r o t c o d

t s e v r a h a s a s i n r o b s a w a n n A n o s a e r y l n o e h t t a h t t c a f e h T . s e s o p r u p h tl a e h r o f

(32)

.

B Approachoft heStudy

r e ti r w e h t , k r o w y r a r e ti l t u o b a g n i d n a t s r e d n u p e e d a n i a t b o o t r e d r o n I

. ti e z y l a n a o t h c a o r p p a n i a tr e c a d e d e e

n Thi sstudy i sconnected wtih message s

s d l a r e g z ti F e h t h g u o r h

t so then wrtie rneed san approach to analyze .ti To help

e h t g n i z y l a n

a messages ,formailst approach wli lbe approp irate .Thi sapproach

. m s i c it ir C w e N e h t s a n w o n k s a

w Bressleri n LtieraryCriitcismsaidtheyconcern

l a c ir o t s i h s ti t o n d n a f l e s ti k r o w e h t f o n o it a n i m a x e n

a contex to rbiographica l

t n e m e l

e s ,the New C iritc sbelong to a broad classi ifcaiton o fltierary c iritcism

e h t “ l l a c y n a m t a h w e s u o p s e s c it ir C w e n e h t ,s t s il a m r o f g n i e B . m s il a m r o f d e ll a c

s i s y l a n a y r a r e ti l o t h c a o r p p a ” e n o l a t x e t d n a t x e

t (1992 :39 .)

, n ir e u G o t g n i d r o c c

A formails t approach i s the approach o f ltierary

h c i h w s i s y l a n

a analyze sa work in a formails tway and look fo relement stha t

s a h c u s , k r o w e h t f o s s e n e u q i n u e h t o t e t u b ir t n o c

, s n o it a t o n n o c d n a s n o it a t o n e d , s p i h s n o it a l e r r e t n i y a l p r e t n i , e p a h s , e r u t c u rt s

g n il l a f , n o it c a g n i s ir ( x a m il c , s li a t e d d e t a e p e r , s l o b m y s , s e g a m i ,s t x e t n o c

h c t a c t a h t s e m y h r d n a s m h t y h r ,s n o i s n e t d n a s e c n a l a b t n e m e u o n e d , ) n o it c a

o d t a h t s d n u o s , n o it n e tt a r u

o the same ,the speaker’ sapparen tvoice ,a e

n il e l g n i

s – o revenaword– se tof fal lby tisefl( 2011 :75 .)

. fl e s ti k r o w e h t s e n i m a x e h c a o r p p a t s il a m r o f e h t t a h t s w o h s t n e m e t a t s t a h T

d n if l li w r e ti r w s i h t e s u a c e b y d u t s s i h t n i d e s u s i h c a o r p p a t s il a m r o

F themessage s

e h t m o r f s e m o c t I . p i h s n o it a l e r e h t m o r f d e l a e v e

r intirnsic elemen toft he novel .

t i , y li m a f r e h d n a a n n A n e e w t e b p i h s n o it a l e r e h t d n a n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c e h t h g u o r h T

l a e v e r o t d e s u s i h c a o r p p a t s il a m r o f , e r o f e r e h T . e g a s s e m e h t e d u l c n o c n a c

a s s e

(33)

.

C Methodoft heStudy

y r a r b il s i d e s u e b l li w t a h t d o h t e m e h t ,s m e l b o r p h c r a e s e r e h t r e w s n a o T

. h c r a e s e

r Getitng t hebookst ha tneededandresearchingin i nterne.tI tmeanst ha t

m o r f s e c r u o s e m o s d n a s k o o b n o d e s a b h c r a e s e r d i d r e ti r w e h

t the interne t

. g n i s w o r b

y r a m ir p e h T . d e s u r e ti r w e h t t a h t h c r a e s e r e h t f o s e c r u o s e r e w e r e h T

e h t s a w e c r u o

s My Sister’ sKeepe rnove.l The second source wa sthe theo ires .

, p i h s n o it a l e r f o y r o e h t , c it s ir e t c a r a h c d n a r e t c a r a h c f o y r o e h t e r e w e r e h

T and

e g a s s e m f o y r o e h

t .Int ermo fgetitngdatafort hiss tudy,t hewrtie rusedt hebooks ,

e r a d e s u e r a t a h t s k o o b e h

t Readingt heNove,lTheTeachingo fLtierature, Human

t n e m p o l e v e D l a n o i s s e f o r P d n a l a n o s r e P : s n o it a l e

R , Communicaiton in Famliy

h s n o it a l e

R ip ,sNew World o fLtierature, AHandbookt o Ltierature, Readingand

e r u t a r e ti L t u o b a g n it i r

W , A Glossaryo fLtieraryTerms, Howt o AnalyzeFiciton,

h s il g n E e h t d n a y r t e o P h s il g n E o t n o it c u d o r t n I n A : s n e e s n U g n i d n a t s r e d n U

,s t n e d u t S s a e s r e v O r o f s l e v o

N Marriageandt heFamliy,OnLfieandSex,Caring :

, r e h t o n A e n O e v

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