Rancang Bangun Sistem Rekomendasi Pemilihan Objek Wisata Di Bandung Menggunakan Metode Ahp Dan Topsis

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RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM REKOMENDASI PEMILIHAN OBJEK WISATA DI BANDUNG MENGGUNAKAN METODE AHP DAN TOPSIS. SKRIPSI. Diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Komputer (S.Kom.). Wilson Brain Permana 13110110031. PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA FAKULTAS TEKNIK DAN INFORMATIKA UNIVERSITAS MULTIMEDIA NUSANTARA TANGERANG 2017. Rancang Bangun Sistem..., Wilson Brain Permana, FTI UMN, 2017.

Rancang Bangun Sistem..., Wilson Brain Permana, FTI UMN, 2017. Scanned by CamScanner.

Rancang Bangun Sistem..., Wilson Brain Permana, FTI UMN, 2017. Scanned by CamScanner.

HALAMAN MOTO. Lakukanlah yang terbaik hari ini, untuk mempersiapkan masa depan yang lebih baik.. iv Rancang Bangun Sistem..., Wilson Brain Permana, FTI UMN, 2017.

KATA PENGANTAR. Puji syukur kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena berkat rahmat dan penyertaan-Nya. penulis. diberikan. kelancaran. dan. kemudahan. dalam. menyelesaikan laporan skripsi dengan judul “Rancang Bangun Sistem Rekomendasi Pemilihan Objek Wisata di Bandung Menggunakan Metode AHP dan TOPSIS”. Laporan skripsi ini dibuat sebagai salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar Sarjana Komputer pada Program Studi Teknik Informatika, Fakultas Teknik dan Informatika, Universitas Multimedia Nusantara. Penyelesaian laporan skripsi ini juga dapat terselesaikan karena dukungan dan bantuan dari berbagai pihak. Oleh sebab itu, penulis juga ingin mengucapkan terima kasih kepada: 1.. Dr. Ninok Leksono, Rektor Universitas Multimedia Nusantara, yang memberi inspirasi bagi penulis untuk berprestasi,. 2.. Maria Irmina Prasetiyowati, S.Kom., M.T., selaku Ketua Program Studi Teknik Informatika Universitas Multimedia Nusantara,. 3.. Dennis Gunawan, S.Kom., M.Sc., selaku dosen pembimbing skripsi, yang telah membimbing dengan sabar serta memberikan dukungan dalam menyelesaikan laporan skripsi ini,. 4.. Orang tua dan pihak keluarga yang senantiasa mendukung penulis dalam menyelesaikan laporan skripsi ini,. 5.. Dosen dan pegawai Universitas Multimedia Nusantara yang telah banyak membantu dan memberikan pelajaran berharga kepada penulis,. v Rancang Bangun Sistem..., Wilson Brain Permana, FTI UMN, 2017.

Rancang Bangun Sistem..., Wilson Brain Permana, FTI UMN, 2017. Scanned by CamScanner.

RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM REKOMENDASI PEMILIHAN OBJEK WISATA DI BANDUNG MENGGUNAKAN METODE AHP DAN TOPSIS. ABSTRAK Aktivitas harian yang padat dan pekerjaan yang menumpuk membuat banyak orang membutuhkan liburan ke objek-objek wisata yang menarik untuk dikunjungi. Bandung memiliki banyak objek wisata yang terkenal dan baik untuk melepaskan penat. Banyaknya objek wisata tersebut membuat banyak orang bingung dalam menentukan objek wisata yang hendak dikunjungi. Dengan demikian, dibutuhkanlah peranan sistem rekomendasi. Mayoritas sistem rekomendasi memberikan rekomendasi berdasarkan satu kriteria saja (single criteria) sebagai overall rating, sebagai contoh TripAdvisor. Dalam mengakomodasi kebutuhan akan kriteria yang beragam, maka dibuatlah sistem rekomendasi pemilihan objek wisata di Bandung dengan menerapkan konsep multi-criteria. Adapun kriteria yang digunakan adalah fasilitas, kebersihan, kenyamanan, pelayanan, dan harga. Sistem rekomendasi multi-criteria membutuhkan metode yang dapat memberikan rekomendasi berdasarkan kriteria yang beragam (multi-criteria). TOPSIS merupakan metode multi-criteria yang memiliki komputasi yang efisien dan mampu untuk mengukur kinerja relatif dari alternatif-alternatif keputusan dalam bentuk matematis yang sederhana. Metode TOPSIS nantinya membutuhkan bobot awal untuk mengolah data selanjutnya. Metode AHP dapat digunakan untuk menghitung bobot awal pada setiap kriteria yang tersedia. Oleh karena itu, sistem rekomendasi ini dibangun menggunakan metode AHP dan TOPSIS. Telah dilakukan uji coba pada penelitian ini, dan hasil uji coba tersebut menunjukkan bahwa metode AHP dan TOPSIS telah diterapkan dengan benar. Selain itu, telah dilakukan juga uji kesuksesan sistem dengan cara menyebar kuesioner, dan didapatkan persentase kesuksesan sebesar 85%. Hasil kuesioner yang didapat juga telah diuji menggunakan Cronbach Alpha, dan didapatkan nilai Cronbach Alpha sebesar 0.733, yang berarti bahwa hasil kuesioner yang diperoleh dapat diandalkan (reliabel). Kata kunci: AHP, Bandung, Multi-Criteria, Sistem Rekomendasi, TOPSIS. vii Rancang Bangun Sistem..., Wilson Brain Permana, FTI UMN, 2017.

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF RECOMMENDATION SYSTEM FOR TOURIST ATTRACTIONS IN BANDUNG USING AHP AND TOPSIS METHOD. ABSTRACT. The dense of daily activites and stacking jobs make a lot of people need a holiday to interesting tourist objects. Bandung has many famous tourist attractions which are suitable to reduce stress. The number of tourist attraction makes many people confused in determining the attractions to visit. Thus, the role of recommendation system is required. The majority of recommendation systems only provide recommendations based on one criterion (single criteria) as overall rating, for example TripAdvisor. In accommodating the needs for various criteria, then is made a recommendation system for choosing tourist attraction in Bandung by applying the concept of multi-criteria. The criteria used in this research are facility, cleanliness, comfort, service, and price. A multi-criteria recommendation system requires a method that can provide recommendations based on various criterion (multi-criteria). TOPSIS is multi-criteria methods that have efficient computation and are able to measure the relative performance of decision alternatives in simple mathematical form. TOPSIS method then requires initial weight to process the next data. AHP method can be used to calculate initial weight on each available criterion. Therefore, this recommendation system is built using AHP and TOPSIS method. Experiments have been conducted in this research, and the results show that the AHP and TOPSIS method have been applied correctly. In addition, the success of this recommendation system have been tested by spreading some questionnaires, and a success percentage of 85% is obtained. The results of the questionnaire have also been tested using Cronbach Alpha, and obtained the Cronbach Alpha value of 0.733, which means that the results of the questionnaire are reliable. Keywords: AHP, Bandung, Multi-Criteria, Recommendation System, TOPSIS. viii Rancang Bangun Sistem..., Wilson Brain Permana, FTI UMN, 2017.

DAFTAR ISI LEMBAR PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI .................................................................... ii PERNYATAAN TIDAK MELAKUKAN PLAGIAT .......................................... iii HALAMAN MOTO ...............................................................................................iv KATA PENGANTAR .............................................................................................v ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ vii ABSTRACT......................................................................................................... viii DAFTAR ISI...........................................................................................................ix DAFTAR TABEL...................................................................................................xi DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ xii DAFTAR RUMUS ................................................................................................xv BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................1 1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah ...........................................................................1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah .....................................................................................4 1.3 Batasan Masalah .......................................................................................4 1.4 Tujuan Penelitian ......................................................................................5 1.5 Manfaat Penelitian ....................................................................................5 1.6 Sistematika Penulisan ...............................................................................6 BAB II LANDASAN TEORI ..................................................................................8 2.1 Sistem Rekomendasi .................................................................................8 2.2 Objek Wisata Bandung ...........................................................................10 2.3 Multi-Criteria Decision Making .............................................................12 2.3.1 Metode AHP ...............................................................................13 2.3.2 Metode TOPSIS ..........................................................................18 2.4 Model DeLone dan McLean ...................................................................21 2.5 Skala Likert .............................................................................................22 2.6 Cronbach Alpha ......................................................................................24 BAB III METODE DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM.........................................26 3.1 Metode Penelitian ...................................................................................26 3.2 Perancangan Sistem ................................................................................28 3.2.1 Data Flow Diagram .....................................................................28 3.2.2 Sitemap .......................................................................................43 3.2.3 Flowchart ....................................................................................45 3.2.4 Entity Relationship Diagram.......................................................68 3.2.5 Database Schema ........................................................................69 3.2.6 Struktur Tabel .............................................................................69 3.2.7 Desain Antarmuka ......................................................................75 BAB IV IMPLEMENTASI DAN UJI COBA .......................................................86 4.1 Spesifikasi Sistem ...................................................................................86 4.2 Implementasi ...........................................................................................86 4.2.1 Tampilan Admin .........................................................................87 4.2.2 Tampilan User.............................................................................92 4.2.3 Implementasi Algoritma .............................................................98 4.3 Skenario Uji Coba Sistem .....................................................................100 4.3.1 Skenario Uji Coba Perhitungan AHP .......................................101 4.3.2 Skenario Uji Coba Perhitungan AHP dan TOPSIS ..................106 ix Rancang Bangun Sistem..., Wilson Brain Permana, FTI UMN, 2017.

4.3.3 Uji Kesuksesan Sistem..............................................................113 4.3.4 Uji Reliabilitas Kuesioner .........................................................124 BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ....................................................................128 5.1 Simpulan ...............................................................................................128 5.2 Saran .....................................................................................................128 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..........................................................................................130 DAFTAR LAMPIRAN........................................................................................133. x Rancang Bangun Sistem..., Wilson Brain Permana, FTI UMN, 2017.

DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 2.1 Skala Kuantitatif pada Metode AHP .....................................................14 Tabel 2.2 Matriks Perbandingan Berpasangan ......................................................15 Tabel 2.3 Random Consistency Index ...................................................................18 Tabel 2.4 Skor dan Interval Skala Likert Lima Tingkat ........................................24 Tabel 2.5 Tingkat Keandalan Cronbach Alpha......................................................25 Tabel 3.1 Struktur Tabel ahp_matrix .....................................................................70 Tabel 3.2 Struktur Tabel comments .......................................................................70 Tabel 3.3 Struktur Tabel password_resets .............................................................70 Tabel 3.4 Struktur Tabel price_range ....................................................................71 Tabel 3.5 Struktur Tabel reviews ...........................................................................71 Tabel 3.6 Struktur Tabel roles ...............................................................................71 Tabel 3 7 Struktur Tabel tasks ...............................................................................72 Tabel 3.8 Struktur Tabel travel__bookmark ..........................................................72 Tabel 3.9 Struktur Tabel travel__categories ..........................................................72 Tabel 3.10 Struktur Tabel travel__locations..........................................................73 Tabel 3.11 Struktur Tabel travel__places ..............................................................73 Tabel 3.12 Struktur Tabel travel__requests ...........................................................74 Tabel 3.13 Struktur Tabel users .............................................................................75 Tabel 4.1 Pairwise Comparison Matrix ...............................................................101 Tabel 4.2 Penjumlahan Nilai Pairwise Comparison Matrix ................................101 Tabel 4.3 Pembagian Nilai Kriteria Dengan Jumlah Kolom ...............................102 Tabel 4.4 Vektor Prioritas ....................................................................................102 Tabel 4.5 Matriks Keputusan ...............................................................................106 Tabel 4.6 Matriks Ternormalisasi ........................................................................107 Tabel 4.7 Matriks Ternormalisasi Terbobot ........................................................108 Tabel 4.8 Solusi Ideal Positif dan Solusi Ideal Negatif .......................................108 Tabel 4.9 Jarak Alternatif ....................................................................................109 Tabel 4.10 Kedekatan Relatif ..............................................................................110 Tabel 4.11 Hasil Pengurutan Ranking Kedekatan Relatif ...................................110 Tabel 4.12 Daftar Pertanyaan Kuesioner .............................................................114 Tabel 4.13 Hasil Rekap Jawaban Kuesioner........................................................114 Tabel 4.14 Perhitungan Cronbach Alpha .............................................................124 Tabel 4.15 Butir Varians ......................................................................................126. xi Rancang Bangun Sistem..., Wilson Brain Permana, FTI UMN, 2017.

DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 2.1 Tahapan Proses Rekomendasi (Ojokoh dkk., 2015) ............................8 Gambar 2.2 Perbandingan Berpasangan pada Metode AHP .................................15 Gambar 2.3 Hasil Perbandingan Berpasangan pada Metode AHP ........................15 Gambar 2.4 Model DeLone dan McLean (2003)...................................................21 Gambar 3.1 DFD Level 0.......................................................................................29 Gambar 3.2 DFD Level 1.......................................................................................31 Gambar 3.3 DFD Level 2 Proses Autentikasi ........................................................32 Gambar 3.4 DFD Level 2 Proses Pemberian Data ................................................33 Gambar 3.5 DFD Level 2 Proses Pengaturan Data................................................34 Gambar 3.6 DFD Level 2 Proses Penerimaan Rekomendasi Wisata ....................35 Gambar 3.7 DFD Level 2 Proses Pengaturan Wisata ............................................36 Gambar 3.8 DFD Level 2 Proses Penerimaan Perhitungan Algoritma .................37 Gambar 3.9 DFD Level 2 Proses Pengaturan Lainnya ..........................................37 Gambar 3.10 DFD Level 3 Proses Pengaturan Ulasan ..........................................38 Gambar 3.11 DFD Level 3 Proses Pengaturan Akun Admin ................................39 Gambar 3.12 DFD Level 3 Proses Pengaturan Akun User ....................................39 Gambar 3.13 DFD Level 3 Proses Pengaturan Daftar Tugas ................................40 Gambar 3.14 DFD Level 3 Proses Penerimaan Data Lain-Lain ............................41 Gambar 3.15 DFD Level 3 Proses Pengaturan Permintaan Wisata .......................42 Gambar 3.16 Sitemap Admin ................................................................................43 Gambar 3.17 Sitemap User ....................................................................................44 Gambar 3.18 Flowchart Admin Login ...................................................................45 Gambar 3.19 Flowchart Kategori Wisata ..............................................................46 Gambar 3.20 Flowchart Lokasi Wisata .................................................................46 Gambar 3.21 Flowchart Objek Wisata...................................................................47 Gambar 3.22 Flowchart Pengguna.........................................................................48 Gambar 3.23 Flowchart Permintaan Wisata ..........................................................49 Gambar 3.24 Flowchart Daftar Tugas ...................................................................50 Gambar 3.25 Flowchart Akun Admin ...................................................................51 Gambar 3.26 Flowchart Ulasan .............................................................................51 Gambar 3.27 Flowchart Komentar ........................................................................52 Gambar 3.28 Flowchart AHP ................................................................................52 Gambar 3.29 Flowchart AHP dan TOPSIS ...........................................................53 Gambar 3.30 Flowchart Penilaian..........................................................................53 Gambar 3.31 Flowchart User Login ......................................................................54 Gambar 3.32 Flowchart Daftar ..............................................................................54 Gambar 3.33 Flowchart Lupa Kata Sandi..............................................................55 Gambar 3.34 Flowchart Tambah Arsip .................................................................56 Gambar 3.35 Flowchart Tambah Penilaian ...........................................................56 Gambar 3.36 Flowchart Tambah Komentar ..........................................................57 Gambar 3.37 Flowchart Tambah Permintaan Wisata ............................................58 Gambar 3.38 Flowchart Informasi Wisata .............................................................59 Gambar 3.39 Flowchart Rekomendasi Wisata.......................................................60 Gambar 3.40 Flowchart Hapus Arsip ....................................................................61 Gambar 3.41 Flowchart Atur Profil .......................................................................62 xii Rancang Bangun Sistem..., Wilson Brain Permana, FTI UMN, 2017.

Gambar 3.42 Flowchart Atur Kata Sandi ..............................................................62 Gambar 3.43 Flowchart Atur Komentar ................................................................63 Gambar 3.44 Flowchart Atur Ulasan .....................................................................64 Gambar 3.45 Flowchart Tentang ...........................................................................65 Gambar 3.46 Flowchart Kredit ..............................................................................65 Gambar 3.47 Flowchart Bantuan ...........................................................................66 Gambar 3.48 Flowchart Perhitungan AHP ............................................................66 Gambar 3.49 Flowchart Perhitungan AHP dan TOPSIS .......................................67 Gambar 3.50 Entity Relationship Diagram............................................................68 Gambar 3.51 Database Schema .............................................................................69 Gambar 3.52 Mockup Halaman Admin Login ......................................................76 Gambar 3.53 Mockup Halaman Beranda Admin ..................................................76 Gambar 3.54 Mockup Halaman Admin Lihat List Data........................................77 Gambar 3.55 Mockup Halaman Admin Tambah Data ..........................................77 Gambar 3.56 Mockup Halaman Admin Ubah Data...............................................78 Gambar 3.57 Mockup Halaman User Login ..........................................................79 Gambar 3.58 Mockup Halaman User Register ......................................................79 Gambar 3.59 Mockup Halaman User Lupa Kata Sandi ........................................80 Gambar 3.60 Mockup Halaman Informasi Wisata ................................................81 Gambar 3.61 Mockup Halaman Objek Wisata ......................................................81 Gambar 3.62 Mockup Halaman User Request Wisata ..........................................82 Gambar 3.63 Mockup Halaman User Manage Data ..............................................83 Gambar 3.64 Mockup Halaman Tentang ...............................................................83 Gambar 3.65 Mockup Halaman Bantuan...............................................................84 Gambar 3.66 Mockup Halaman Kredit ..................................................................84 Gambar 3.67 Mockup Halaman Beranda User ......................................................85 Gambar 4.1 Implementasi Tampilan Admin Login ...............................................87 Gambar 4.2 Implementasi Tampilan Beranda Admin ...........................................87 Gambar 4.3 Implementasi Tampilan Admin Lihat List Data ................................88 Gambar 4.4 Implementasi Tampilan Admin Tambah Data ...................................89 Gambar 4.5 Implementasi Tampilan Admin Ubah Data .......................................89 Gambar 4.6 Implementasi Tampilan Admin Hapus Data ......................................90 Gambar 4.7 Implementasi Tampilan Perhitungan AHP ........................................91 Gambar 4.8 Implementasi Tampilan Perhitungan AHP dan TOPSIS ...................91 Gambar 4.9 Implementasi Tampilan User Login ..................................................92 Gambar 4.10 Implementasi Tampilan User Register .............................................92 Gambar 4.11 Implementasi Tampilan User Lupa Kata Sandi ...............................93 Gambar 4.12 Implementasi Tampilan Informasi Wisata .......................................93 Gambar 4.13 Implementasi Tampilan Objek Wisata .............................................94 Gambar 4.14 Implementasi Tampilan User Request Wisata .................................95 Gambar 4.15 Implementasi Tampilan User Mengatur Data ..................................95 Gambar 4.16 Implementasi Tampilan Tentang .....................................................96 Gambar 4.17 Implementasi Tampilan Bantuan .....................................................97 Gambar 4.18 Implementasi Tampilan Kredit ........................................................97 Gambar 4.19 Implementasi Tampilan Beranda User .............................................98 Gambar 4.20 Implementasi Kode AHP .................................................................99 Gambar 4.21 Implementasi Kode AHP dan TOPSIS ..........................................100 Gambar 4.22 Pembuatan Pairwise Comparison Matrix .......................................103 xiii Rancang Bangun Sistem..., Wilson Brain Permana, FTI UMN, 2017.

Gambar 4.23 Hasil Perhitungan Metode AHP Bagian 1 .....................................104 Gambar 4.24 Hasil Perhitungan Metode AHP Bagian 2 .....................................105 Gambar 4.25 Hasil Rekomendasi Bagian 1 .........................................................111 Gambar 4.26 Hasil Rekomendasi Bagian 2 .........................................................112 Gambar 4.27 Hasil Rekomendasi Bagian 3 .........................................................113 Gambar 4.28 Hasil Kuesioner Pertanyaan Pertama .............................................115 Gambar 4.29 Hasil Kuesioner Pertanyaan Kedua................................................116 Gambar 4.30 Hasil Kuesioner Pertanyaan Ketiga ...............................................117 Gambar 4.31 Hasil Kuesioner Pertanyaan Keempat............................................118 Gambar 4.32 Hasil Kuesioner Pertanyaan Kelima ..............................................119 Gambar 4.33 Hasil Kuesioner Pertanyaan Keenam .............................................120 Gambar 4.34 Hasil Kuesioner Pertanyaan Ketujuh .............................................121 Gambar 4.35 Hasil Kuesioner Pertanyaan Kedelapan .........................................122 Gambar 4.36 Hasil Kuesioner Pertanyaan Kesembilan .......................................123. xiv Rancang Bangun Sistem..., Wilson Brain Permana, FTI UMN, 2017.

DAFTAR RUMUS Rumus 2.1 Consistency Index................................................................................17 Rumus 2.2 Consistency Ratio ................................................................................17 Rumus 2.3 Matriks Ternormalisasi ........................................................................19 Rumus 2.4 Matriks Ternormalisasi Terbobot ........................................................19 Rumus 2.5 Solusi Ideal Positif ...............................................................................19 Rumus 2.6 Solusi Ideal Negatif .............................................................................19 Rumus 2.7 Jarak Ideal Positif ................................................................................20 Rumus 2.8 Jarak Ideal Negatif ...............................................................................20 Rumus 2.9 Kedekatan Relatif ................................................................................20 Rumus 2.10 Persentase Skor Likert .......................................................................24 Rumus 2.11 Koefisien Cronbach Alpha ................................................................25. xv Rancang Bangun Sistem..., Wilson Brain Permana, FTI UMN, 2017.