AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON DESCRIPTIVE TEXTS OF ELEVENTH
GRADE STUDENTS AT SMK MUHAMMADIYAH 2 SURAKARTA 2015/2016 ACADEMIC YEAR
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
AULIYA NURISHMA A 320 120 188
DEPARTEMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
M O T T O
Hidup sekali hiduplah yang berarti
(Darussalam Gontor)
Berani hidup tak takut mati, takut mati jangan hidup, takut
hidup mati saja
(Darussalam Gontor)
Berjasalah tapi jangan minta jasa
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
In the name of God Most Gracious, Most Merciful Peace and God Blessing on we all. Alhamdullilahirabil alamin, glory to God Most High, Full of Grace and Mercy, the Sustainer of the world that because of His blessing and guidance, the writer is finally able to finish writing her entitled An Error Analysis on Descriptive Texts of Eleventh Grade Students at SMK Muhammadiyah 2
Surakarta 2015/2016 Academic Year as one of the requirements for getting bachelor degree of education in English Department of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Praise is also given to the great messenger, Muhammad SAW, Peace be upon him, glory person who gives his blessing to his masses in the next day.
In accomplishing this research paper, the writer gets much help and guidance from others. Therefore, she would like to express her greatest gratitude to the following people:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum., as Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, for approving this research paper,
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D., as Head of English Department, who has permitted her to write this research paper,
3. Prof. Dr. Endang Fauziati, M. Hum., as the first consultant, who already guided and advised patiently in correcting this research paper. More than
millions of thanks and deeply sorry from the writer’s heart is for her,
4. Siti Fatimah, S.Pd., M. Hum., the second consultant who always supported and guided her until she finished writing this research paper,
6. Mr. Ahmad Munawir, S.Pd.SH.M.Si.MH, as the headmaster of SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Surakarta for permitting her observe the data of this research,
7. All lecturers in English Department who cannot be mentioned one by one, thanks a lot for teaching her this so far,
8. Her lovely parents Mr. Zainuddin Nasuha as her great father, her hero, her mentor and Mrs. Siti Sugiarti as her good mother. Thank you very much for the prayers, loves, support, and spirit, and become good parents in the world, love you so much,
9. Her little sister Yuni Ravida who accompanies her for every single laugh, 10. Her best companion Juliat Makahalsa who always be a wise man, thank you
for giving motivation for the reasercher to be better person in her life and she will support him for doing anything that he wants,
11. Her sweet friends Fatkhiyatul Inayah, , thank you so much for helping the writer when she did not understand about something in her lessons.
12. Her great friends Parahytha TunjungBiru Putri, thank you so much for order to make it better, the writer accepts some advice and criticism. The last, the writer wishes this research paper would be useful for us.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
DEDICATION I gratefully dedicate this research paper to:
My greatest father and mother “Zainuddin Nasuha” and “Siti Sugiarti”,
My beloved sister “Yuni Ravida”, My consultants and lecturers,
TABLE CONTENT
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ... 1
A.Background of the Study ... 1
B.Limitation of the Study ... 4
C.Problem Statement ... 4
D.Objective of the Study ... 4
E. Significance of the Study ... 4
F. Research Paper Organization ... 5
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ... 7
A.Previous Study ... 7
B.Notion of Error Analysis ... 14
C.Goal of Error Analysis ... 15
D.Errors and Mistakes ... 15
E. Error Description and Classification ... 16
1. Linguistic Category Taxonomy ... 17
a. Morphological Error ... 17
b. Grammatical Error ... 18
c. Discourse ... 18
2. The Surface Strategy Taxonomy ... 21
a. Omission ... 21
c. Misformation ... 22
d. Misordering ... 22
e. Blends ... 22
3. Comparative Taxonomy ... 23
a. Development Error ... 23
b. Interlingual Error ... 23
c. Ambigous Error ... 23
4. Communicative Effect Taxonomy ... 24
F. Sources of Errors ... 24
1. Interlingual Transfer ... 24
2. Intralingual Transfer ... 25
3. Context of Learning ... 25
4. Communicative Strategy Based Errors ... 25
G.The Written Production ... 26
H.English Text ... 26
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD ... 28
A.Type of the Research ... 28
B.Subject of the Research ... 28
C.Object of the Research ... 28
D.Data and Data Source of the Research ... 29
E. Method of Collecting Data ... 29
F. Technique of Analyzing Data ... 30
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION ... 31
A.Research Finding ... 31
B.Discussion of Finding ... 60
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION, PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATION, AND SUGGESTION ... 69
A.Conclusion ... 69
B.Pedagogical Implication ... 70
SUMMARY
Auliya Nurishma. A320120188. AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON DESCRIPTIVE
TEXTS OF ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS AT SMK
MUHAMMADIYAH 2 SURAKARTA 2015/2016 ACADEMIC YEAR
The aims of this research are: (1) to describe errors made by eleventh grade students of SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Surakarta in their writing descriptive texts, (2) identifying the types of lexical errors, grammatical errors, and discourse errors and also explain the frequency of each type of errors, and (3) describing the dominant type of errors, and identifying the sources of errors. The researcher uses qualitative research because the researcher do not set hypothesis and test it but focus on analyzing after taking the data. The researcher uses elicitation method in her research to get the data. The subject of the research is the eleventh grade students of SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Surakarta. The researcher takes erroneous on descriptive texts of eleventh grade student for the object of the research from 31
student’s worksheet in writing descriptive texts. The researcher found the type of errors based on the data, they are lexical, grammatical and discourse. (1) the lexical errors level is 35 errors (10,54%), (2) the grammatical errors level is 268 errors (80,72%), and (3) the discourse errors level is 29 errors (8,75%). The highest errors that the learners made is in misordering noun phrase with the total errors is 29 errors (8,73%).
Key words: errors analysis, descriptive text, sources of errors.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) untuk menjelaskan kesalahan yang dibuat oleh siswa kelas XI SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Surakarta dalam menulis teks deskriptif, (2) mengidentifikasi jenis kesalahan leksikal, kesalahan tata bahasa, dan kesalahan tulisan dan juga menjelaskan frekuensi dari setiap jenis kesalahan, dan (3) mendeskripsikan jenis dominan kesalahan, dan mengidentifikasi sumber-sumber kesalahan. Peneliti menggunakan penelitian kualitatif karena peneliti tidak menetapkan hipotesis dan mengujinya tetapi fokus pada analisis setelah mengambil data. Peneliti menggunakan metode elisitasi dalam penelitiannya untuk mendapatkan data. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Surakarta. Peneliti mengambil salah pada teks deskriptif siswa kelas XI untuk objek penelitian dari lembar kerja 31 siswa dalam menulis teks deskriptif. Peneliti menemukan jenis kesalahan berdasarkan data, mereka leksikal, tata bahasa dan tulisan. (1) tingkat kesalahan leksikal adalah 35 kesalahan (10,54%), (2) tingkat kesalahan tata bahasa adalah 268 kesalahan (80,72%), dan (3) tingkat kesalahan tulisan adalah 29 kesalahan (8,75% ). Kesalahan tertinggi yang peserta didik dibuat dalam misordering frase kata benda dengan total kesalahan adalah 29 kesalahan (8,73%).
