CONTENTS
Page
SHEET OF LEGITIMATION ... i
DECLARATION ... ii
ABSTRACT ... iii
ABSTRAK ... iv
PREFACE ... v
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ... vi
CONTENTS ... ix
LIST OF TABLES ... xi
LIST OF FIGURES ... xiii
LIST OF APPENDICES ... xiv
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1
A. Background ... 1
B. Research Problems ... 5
C. Research Objectives ... 5
D. Research Benefits ... 5
E. Organization Structure of Research Paper ... 6
CHAPTER II DIORAMAS, STUDENTS’ CREATIVITY, AND STUDENTS’ UNDERSTANDING 7
A. Dioramas ... 7
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 21
A. Research Method and Research Design ... 21
B. Research Subject ... 22
C. Assumption ... 22
D. Hypothesis ... 23
E. Research Procedures ... 23
F. Instructional Tools ... 27
G. Research Instruments ... 27
H. Instrument Analysis Results ... 38
I. Data Processing ... 40
CHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 47 A. Students’ Creativity in Creating Dioramas ... 47
B. Students’ Understanding in Learning Ecosystem ... 83
C. Correlation of Students’ Creativity and Understanding ... 91
D. Profile of Students’ Response on Implementation of Dioramas ... 94
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 99
A. Conclusion ... 99
B. Recommendation ... 100
REFERENCES ... 101
APPENDICES ... 116
AUTOBIOGRAPHY ... 130
LIST OF TABLES
Page
Table 2.1 The Cognitive Processes Dimension ... 10
Table 2.2 Analysis of Core Competence and Basic Competence on Ecosystem Topic ... 13
Table 3.1 Pre-test and Post-test Design ... 21
Table 3.2 Research Instruments ... 28
Table 3.3 Types of Validity Test ... 29
Table 3.4 Interpretation of Validity ... 31
Table 3.5 Types of Reliability Test ... 32
Table 3.6 Interpretation of Reliability ... 34
Table 3.7 Difficulty Index ... 35
Table 3.8 Classification of Discriminating Power ... 36
Table 3.9 Recapitulation of Item Test for Students’ Understanding .... 39
Table 3.10 Categorized of Normalized Gain Value ... 42
Table 3.11 Interpretation of Correlation Coefficient ... 44
Table 3.12 Interpretation of Percentage ... 45
Table 3.13 Scoring Guideline of Students’ Response ... 45
Table 4.1 Percentage from Students’ Creativity Based on Creativity Dimension in Experiment Class ... 48
Table 4.2 Percentage from Students’ Creativity Based on Creativity Dimension in Control Class ... 49
Table 4.3 Result of Percentage Students’ Creativity between Experiment Class and Control Class ... 50
Table 4.12 Useful/Applicable Criteria in Experiment Class ... 65
Table 4.13 Useful/Applicable Criteria in Control Class ... 66
Table 4.14 Organism Criteria in Experiment Class ... 69
Table 4.15 Organism Criteria in Control Class ... 70
Table 4.16 Completeness Criteria in Experiment Class ... 71
Table 4.17 Completeness Criteria in Control Class ... 72
Table 4.18 Complexity Criteria in Experiment Class ... 74
Table 4.19 Complexity Criteria in Control Class ... 75
Table 4.20 Understandable Criteria in Experiment Class ... 76
Table 4.21 Understandable Criteria in Control Class ... 77
Table 4.22 Artistic Criteria in Experiment Class ... 79
Table 4.23 Artistic Criteria in Control Class ... 81
Table 4.24 Blue Print of Objective Test (Pre Test and Post Test) Based on Cognitive Level Domain ... 83
Table 4.25 Recapitulation of Students’ Pre Test and Post Test Based on Cognitive Level Domain ... 84
Table 4.26 Result of Pre Test and Post Test Score Based on Statistic in Experiment and Control Class ... 87
Table 4.27 Result of Normality Test on Students’ Understanding ... 89
Table 4.28 Result of Homogenity Test on Students’ Understanding ... 89
Table 4.29 Result of Hypothesis Test on Students’ Understanding ... 90
Table 4.30 Correlation of Students’ Creativity and Understanding ... 93
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
Figure 2.1 Ecosystem Dioramas ... 7
Figure 2.2 An Antartic Marine Food Web ... 18
Figure 2.3 Partial Food Web in Atlantic Coast ... 19
Figure 3.1 Research Plot ... 25
Figure 4.1 Percentage Based on Indicator in Novelty Dimension between Experiment and Control Class ... 51
Figure 4.2 Percentage Based on Indicator in Resolution Dimension between Experiment and Control Class ... 58
Figure 4.3 Percentage Based on Indicator in Elaboration and Synthesis Dimension between Experiment and Control Class ... 68
Figure 4.4 Students’ Understanding Based on Cognitive Domain of Bloom’s Taxonomy in Pre Test and Post Test ... 85
Figure 4.5 Students’ Understanding Based on Normalized Gain Score in Experiment and Control Class ... 86
LIST OF APPENDICES
A. INSTRUCTIONAL TOOLS
Appendix A.1 Lesson Plan Experiment Class
Appendix A.2 Lesson Plan Control Class
Appendix A.3 Student’s Worksheet Appendix A.4 Modul of Diorama
Appendix A.5 Project Design Sheet
Appendix A.6 Rubric of Presentation Scoring
Appendix A.7 Peer Assessment Sheet
Appendix A.8 Power Point Slide
B. RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
Appendix B.1 Rubric of Creativity
Appendix B.2 Instrument Test Before Validation
Appendix B.3 Instrument Test After Validation
Appendix B.4 Questionnaire of Students’ Impression
Appendix B.5 Observation Sheet
C. RESULTS OF RESEARCH DATA
Appendix C.1 Data Processing of Students’ Understanding Score
Appendix C.2 Recapitulation of Students’ Understanding Result
Appendix C.3 Recapitulation of Students’ Creativity Result
Appendix C.4 Data Processing of Students’ Impression Result
Appendix C.5 Data of Validation Result
D. DOCUMENTATION
Appendix D.1 Documentation in Class
