Teori Kondisioning Klasik

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Teori Kondisioning Klasik (KK)

Oleh

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• Tokoh: Ivan Petrovich Pavlov

• Ahli fisiologis (S1 kedokteran) yang mendapat

Nobel Prize karena kontribusinya dalam bidang pencernaan.

• Tetapi dunia lebih mengingatnya karena

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• Pavlov sedang meneliti sekresi dan salivasi pada anjing ketika berhadapan dengan berbagai jenis makanan. Selama proses eksperimen, dia

mengamati bahwa sekresi dan salivasi terjadi pada anjing sebelum ia memakan makanan. Si anjing sudah mengalami sekresi dan salivasi

ketika mendengar suara langkah kaki eksperimenter.

• Pavlov melihat, bahwa respon anjing tersebut

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1. Neutral stimulus: a stimulus that, before

conditioning, does not naturally bring about the response of interest. Unconditional

2. Stimulus (UCS): a stimulus that naturally brings about a particular response without having been learned.

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4. Conditioned Stimulus (CS): a once-neutral

stimulus that has been paired with an UCS to bring about a response formerly caused only by the UCS

5. Conditioned Response (CR): a response that after conditioning, follows a previously neutral stimulus (e.g. salivation at the ringing of a

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• The sequence and timing of the presentation of the UCS and CS sangat penting.

• Yang paling efektif: just before the UCS

presented, the SC had to presented (between half second and several seconds, depending on what kind of response is being

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• Extinction: a basic phenomenon of learning that occurs when a previously conditioned response decreases in frequency and

eventually disappears.

• Spontaneous recovery: the re-emergence of an extinguished conditioned response after a period of a rest and with no further

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