A STUDY OF CONVERSATION STYLE IN NAJWA SIHAB IN
MATA NAJWA
AND ANDY FLORES NOYA IN
KICK ANDY
THESIS
Submitted as Partial Fullfilment of the Requirements for the Sarjana Degree Of English Department Faculty of Arts and Humanities
State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya
BY:
AIDAH FITRIATI Reg Number A03212028
ENGLISH DEPARTEMENT
FACULTY OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES
STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF SUNAN AMPEL
SURABAYA
ABSTRACT
Fitriati, Aidah. 2016. A Study of Conversation Style InNajwaSihabIn “Mata
Najwa” and Andy Flores Noya In “Kick Andy”. Thesis. English Department, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, State Islamic University of SunanAmpel Surabaya.
Advisor: EndartnoPilihSwasonoM.Pd
Key Words: Conversation analysis, Conversational Style, Talk Show,
This research analyzed conversational style uttered by two presenters, NajwaSyihab in “Mata Najwa” and Andy Noya in “Kick Andy”. This study tries to answer two research problems. First, what are the differences conversational style in NajwaSyihab in “Mata Najwa” and Andy Flores Noya in “Kick Andy”?. Second what are the purpose in NajwaSyihab and Andy Flores Noya in “Kick Andy” using that style?
The researcher used conversational analysis methods and use qualitative descriptive. This case because the researcher takes the conversation to be analyzed, which is in the form video. In addition, the researcher used transcription conventional to transcribethe conversation in the text form. It is aimed to understand the differences and the purposes of conversational style used by male and female. The researcher used some steps in collecting data: 1. Searching the data on youtube 2. Downloading the data 3.Watching the videos 4.Transcribing .Then , the researcher took some procedures in analyzing the data. Those are: 1. Identifying data 2. Calssifiyingthe data 3.Determining the purposes from the data.
INTISARI
Fitria, Aidah. 2016. A Study of Conversation Style InNajwaSihabIn “Mata Najwa” and Andy Flores Noya In “Kick Andy”. Thesis. English Department, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, State Islamic University of SunanAmpel Surabaya.
Advisor: EndartnoPilihSwasonoM.Pd
Kata kunci: Conversation analysis, Conversational Style, Talk Show
PenulismenganalisagayabahasadariNajwaSyihab in “Mata Najwa” and Andy Noya in “Kick Andy”. Dalamskripsiterdapatduapertanyaanmasalahtentang: pertamaadalahapasajaperbedaangayabahasa yang digunakanNajwaSyihab di
“Mata Najwa” and Andy Noya di “Kick Andy”. Yang
keduaadalahapatujuannmerekamenggunakangayabahasatersebut.
penulismelakukanbeberapatahapyaitu: 1. Mencari video di youtube 2. Download
video, 3. Menonton video tersebut,
4.Mentranskripnyakedalamteks.Setelahmengoleksi data penulismulaimenganalisa data denganbeberapatahapyaitu 1.Mengidentifikasi data 2.Mengklasifikasikan data 3.menentukan tujuandalam data
Setelahmenganalisa data kedalamturntaking yang berisijeda, overlap, backchannel.Penulismenemukanperbedaanfrekuensidalampauses, overlap serta backchannel. Setelahitupenulisdapatmenemukangayapercakapanmereka. Gaya percakapanNajwaSihab di “Mata Najwa”adalah high involvement style dan Andy Flores Noyadi “Kick Andy”menggunakangayapercakapan high consideration
style.TujuanNajwaSyihabmenggunakanituadalah agar
percakapanmenjadiaktifdanlebihmenarik.Sedangkan Andy
Thesis Advisor’s Approval ... vii
Thesis Examiner’s Approval ... viii
Acknowledgement... ix
Table of Contents... xi
Abstract... xiii
Intisari... xiv
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION... 1
1.1....Background of the Study... 1
1.2....Statement of the Problem... 5
1.3....Objective of the Study... 5
1.4....Significance of the Study... 5
1.5....Scope and Limitation... 6
1.6....Definition of Key Terms... 7
CHAPTER II: LITERARY REVIEW... 8
2.1....Gender... 8
3.2....Subject of The Research... 20
3.3....Research Instrument... 20
3.4....Data and Data Sources... 20
3.5....Data Collections... 21
3.6....Data Analysis... 22
CHAPTER IV: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION... 4.1....Findings... 25
4.2....Discussion... 48
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION... 54
5.1...Conclusion ... 54
5.2...Suggestion ... 55
REFERENCES... 56
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This part of these studies about describes background, statement of
problems, research objectives, signification of the study, scope and limitation of
the study and definition of the key terms.
1.1 Background of The Study
Conversation is an activity which consists of a sender, a message, and a
recipient to share some opinion, assumption, information, knowledge and so on.
All people in the world have different style when they speak moreover male and
female. Male and female are different not only in the sex but also in many things
like how they speak, and interaction.
Women and men have difference character when they speak or different
conversation style such as gesture, expression, vocal and intonation. This research
will be focus in the conversational style in different gender and the purposes male
and female uses it. This research gives a new nuance to the different gender in
conversational style analysis because it takes different field from the previous
study or research.
In the previous research Mega Wati (2013) The Comparison of Ellen
Degeneres’ Conversation Styles to Male and Female Celebrity Guests. This
2
researcher find the similarities and the differences in pause, overlaps, backchannel
and adjacency pairs. Conversation style that Ellen use different when talk with
man guest and women guest. Elysa Ratna Sari Dewi Tandungan (2015)
Conversational Style Used By Najwa Shihab and The Mallarangengs On Mata
Najwa Talk Show Program Jurus Mallarangeng Episode.This study investigates
the conversational style used by Najwa Shihab and The Mallarangengs on Mata
Najwa talk show program Jurus Mallarangeng episode. In research, the researcher
analyzes the conversational style used by Najwa Shihab and Andi Mallarangeng.
The problem to be solved the study is what is the conversational style used by
Najwa Shihab and the Mallarangengs on Mata Najwa Talk Show Program Jurus
Mallarangeng Episode. Eliska Klanicova (2013) gender Analysis of TV interview
Based on Gender Differences.This diploma thesis deals with gender Differences
in language behavior uses in interviews. The researcher examine with corpus to
select socio pragmatic features they are topics, cooperation politeness and to
compare the findings. And the last Warda, yulia (2013) Gender Differences In
Conversational Style In " Apa Kabar Indonesia Talk Show On Tvone". These
researches identify, categorize and analyze the utterances of male and female
presenters into the features of conversational style and different ways of
communication between male and female presenters in the talk show news.
Youqing Xu (2009) “Gender Differences In Mixed-Sex Conversations” In this
research, the writer analyzes the differences in male and female conversations that
also constrained by many factors as for instance setting, topic, role relationships
3
face English conversations in the TV-series Friends in order to find out whether
there exist any differences or similarities between the male and female speakers as
regards turn-taking in mixed-sex conversations with a particular focus on
interruptions.
After reviewing these previous study, the researcher get the gap and idea.
In the previous studies talked about gender, conversation, and talk show, so the
researcher will analyze about difference gender and conversation style that happen
in the talk show as good media in research conversation. Meanwhile, there is no
researcher has focus in two presentersin different talk show. Therefor the
researcher uses two different program talk shows, different people and just focuss
in differences.
The researcher assume interaction that happen between male and female
have differences when they get conversation especially that happen with both
presenters Najwa Sihab InMata Najwa and Andy Flores Noya InKick Andy. The
reader not only know about the different conversation style but also know about
the purpose Najwa Sihab and Andy Flores Noya uses this style. So that the reader
can also use that style in daily activities especially when the reader as presenter.
There are many talk show in television’s programs but in this research, the
researcher choose Najwa Sihab in Mata Najwa and Andy Flores Noya in Kick
Andy as object of research because these programs are a good talk show which
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Flores Noya inKick Andy who have interesting personality, intelligent personality
and get many appreciation. They are able to make audiences stunned and
motivated when they did conversation with their guest.
The main theory used in this research is Yule’s (1996) theory. The
researcher uses pragmatic theory. According to Yule (2008 :4), pragmatic also
studies about the relationship between linguistic theory and the users. Only
pragmatic theory that allow analyzing the language style that are used by human.
Many advantages of analyzing language by using this theory such as knowing
people’s intended meaning, their assumptions, their purposes or goals, and the
kind of actions . It is one of linguistic studies which are closer to allow human to
analysis. Pragmatic study is too broad, so this research focuses on convertation
style and the purpose of that style.
The researcher hopes that this research can give information and the
knowledge to the reader about the differences male and female conversation style
in talk show. Not only give information and knowledge but also hope this research
can get some lessons and information that necessary for successful conversation
especially for public speaking and motivate the reader to imitate conversation
style of Najwa Sihab in Mata Najwaas a good women presenter and Andy Flores
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1.2 Statement of The Problems
Based on the background of the study above, the researcher tries to
observe:
1. What are the differences in conversation style used by Najwa Syihab in
Mata Najwaand Andy Flores Noya inKick Andy?
2. What are the purposes of Najwa Syihab in Mata Najwa and Andy Flores
Noya inKick Andyuse that style?
1.3 The Objectives of The Study
To answer the question above, the objectives of the study are stated below:
1. To describe the differences in conversation style used by Najwa Syihab in
Mata Najwaand Andy Flores Noya inKick Andy
2. To describe the purpose Najwa Syihab in Mata Najwa and Andy Flores
Noya inKick Andyuse that style
1.4 Significant of The Research
This study is expected to give information and the knowledge to the reader
about the differences male and female conversation style. The reader not only
knows about the differences in conversation style that used by male and female
but also know about the purpose of them use different style.
The researcher hopes that the reader can identify and learn about
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conversation especially for public speaking purpose and motivate the reader to
imitate conversation style of Najwa Sihab in Mata Najwa as a good women
presenter and Andy Flores Noya inKick Andyas a good man presenter. It is hoped
that this study can be a reference for linguistic students to learn more about
conversation style that used by female and male. The researcher also hopes this
research can give contribution for the next research to be analyzed deeper.
1.5 Scope and limitation
The scope of this research The researcher took the data from two videos
talk show they are Najwa Syihab in Mata Najwa in episode march 16, 2016 with
theme Pertaruhan Ahok and Andy Flores Noya in Kick Andy in episode februari
19, 2016.
This research uses pragmatic theory. Pragmatic theory which discusses
above conversational style is conversation analysis. In pragmatic George Yule
1996 conversation included pauses, overlap, back channel and conversational
style. The researcher just focuses to two utterances of presenters; they are Najwa
Syihab inMata Najwa and Andy Flores Noya inKick Andytalk show as object of
research.
This research uses researcher arguments to analyze the purpose of two
presenters in Najwa Syihab in Mata Najwa and Andy Flores Noya in Kick Andy
because the researcher cannot interview Najwa Syihab in Mata Najwa and Andy
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1.6 Definition of Key Term
Conversational Style is some strategies in conversation that have some purpose.
Conversation Analysis is the method that is used for the study of spoken interaction, spontaneous tape-recorded spoken interaction between people.
Gender is the relations between men and women, both perceptual and material. Gender is not determined biologically, as a result of sexual
characteristics of either women or men, but is constructed socially.
Talk showis television programs in which a host or sitdown with entertainers, newsmakers, and other people, to talk.
Mata Najwa is talk show that broadcasted in metro TV and the presenter is Najwa Syihab.
Kick Andy is talk show that broadcasted in metro TV and the presenter is Andy Flores Noya.
Pragmatics is the study of the aspects of meaning and language use that are independent on the speaker, the addressee and another feature of the context of
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
In this chapter, the researcher gives some explanations about theories
which are used to support this research. First, the researcher explains the general
part above gender. Second, the researcher tells about the definition of pragmatic
which aspect to analyze in this research. Third, this thesis gives explanation about
conversation analysis theory including turn taking, conversational style and
adjacency pairs which discusses about responses of the conversation activity.
2.1 GENDER
The differences about man and women always become an interesting topic
for people from many areas since long time ago until now. ‘The force of gender
categories in society makes it impossible for us to move through our lives in a non
gendered way and impossible not to behave in a way that brings out gendered
behavior in others.’ Gender is a key component of identity. Wardaugh (2006 :316)
Man and women have many different things as like attitude, ability and emotional,
moreover when talks to each other. Holmes (2006;33) said that language which
used by women is more gently and polite than men.
2.2 PRAGMATIC
Pragmatics is the study of the aspects of meaning and language use that are
independent on the speaker, the addressee and another feature of the context of
9
relationship between linguistic theory and the users. Only pragmatic theory that
allow analyzing the language style that are used by human. Many advantages of
analyzing language by using this theory such as knowing people’s intended
meaning, their assumptions, their purposes or goals, and the kind of actions (for
example request) that they are performing when they speak. When there are two
people who are having conversation, not all messages can be delivered clearly.
Although actually they understand the language using by the speaker, but they do
not know what idea was communicated.
For example: Her: So – did you?
Him: Hey – who wouldn’t?
2.3 CONVERSATION
Conversation is part of communication. It should consist of more than one
person such as a sender, a message, and a recipient where they share opinions or
knowledge and next each of them will give responds. Pragmatic theory which
discusses about conversation is Conversation Analysis. According to Cutting
(2002 :24), Conversation Analysis studies about the way of speaker say which
later will determine the answer or response from hearer. If the speakers speak
clearly, it means the message can be delivered well so hearers can give expected
responses. During the conversation, those speakers should take turn when they
interact. There are many conversation types can be analyzed with this theory like
10
(Sidnell, 2010 :11) explains conversation analysis is an approach within
the social sciences that aims to describe, analyze and understand talk as a basic
and constitutive feature of human social life. Whereas (Hutchby & Wooffitt,
2008:13) states conversation analysis is the analysis of the sequential organization
of interaction. In pragmatics, the term, Conversational analysis is used to mean the
investigation into and analysis of natural conversation so as to reveal what the
linguistic features of conversation is and how conversation is used in ordinary life.
2.3.1 TURN TAKING
The definition of turn taking based on (Yule, 1996:72) is the change of
speaker during conversation. In conversation activity usually the hearer silent
when the speaker is talking but sometimes it is hard to do it, moreover when both
of hearer and speaker intend to share what they are thinking about.
Based on George Yule (1996:72) people should control their selves during
the conversation and it can be called turn. Whereas in any situation where
speakers should control their selves and they can attempt to get during
conversation, this is called turn taking. It is from social of social action so that
turn taking should accordance with a local management system that is
remembered of a social group. The local management system is essential set of
conventions for getting turns, keeping them, or giving them away.
Besides that, according to Cutting (2002:30) “all cultures have their own
preferences as to know how long a speaker should hold the floor, how they
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new speaker can start whether the new speaker can overlaps and interrupt, when
speakers can pause and for how long”
2.3.1.1 PAUSES
In the conversation situation, people sometimes take a break from a few
second. There are many reasons why they do that, maybe they are thinking
something that want to be talked, they don’t know what to be answered, even do
not have any ideas to be shared. This condition called a pause. According George
Yule (1996:73) states that pause is silence between turn. If the normal expectation
is that completion points are marked by the end of a sentence and a pause, then
one way to keep the turn is to avoid having those two markers occur together.
That is, don‘t pause at the end of sentences; make your sentences run on by using
connectors like and, and then, so, but; place your pauses at points where the
message is clearly incomplete; and prefer a bly- fill the pause with a hesitation
marker such as (em, uh, ah). But according to Cutting (2002:29), pauses can also
be a culture for some people. They are used to speak with long pause between
turns which intend to carry meaning. But if speakers do long pauses during the
conversation, silence is found and it makes the conversation become awkward.
The long pause in conversation is called as attribute able silence.
For example:
Mike: Did you have a good time last night? Jessica: (... 3 second) Yeah
12
In the example above, Jessica does pauses for three seconds before her
“Yeah”, but Mike still gives positive response. It can’t always be usual thing for
some cultures in which a low level of tolerance of silence between turns. They
will feel like the hearer cannot answer about what the speaker asks because they
do not pay attention or maybe they don’t get what the speaker means. (Cutting,
2002:30) Silence can be avoided by saying “um” or “hmm”. So people who are
asking know that the hearer is thinking.
2.3.1.2 OVERLAP
The meaning of overlaps according to Yule (1996 :72) is a condition
where people speak at the same time. The speakers and listeners attempt to have
conversation. They will miss some ideas or information in the conversation
activity absolutely because when both speaker are speaking, who will listen to
them.
The overlaps indicate with “//”. This is the example of overlaps appear
during conversation base on Yule (1996 :73):
Mr. Strait : what’s your major Dave?
Dave : English - well I haven’t really decided yet.
………. (3 seconds)
The example above, both speakers do overlaps. Mr. Strait does it when
13
he wants to be a teacher or not. But suddenly Mr. Strait gives a question again to
him. The type of overlap which occurs as both speakers is attempted to initiate
talk. Dave also do overlaps when Mr. Strait asks him to go ahead, then he give
response “emm” at the same time. In this example, the stop-start-overlap-stop
patterns are repeated for several times. Here, the type of overlap shows is simply
part of a difficult first conversation with an unfamiliar person.
2.3.1.3 BACKCHANNEL
Backchannels is indication that listener pay attention to speaker.
According to George Yule (1996:75) within an extended turn, however, speakers
still expect their conversational partners to indicate that they are listening. There
are many different ways of doing this, including head nods, smiles, and other
facial expressions and gestures, but the most common vocal indications are called
backchannel signals, or simply backchannels.
Example: (Yule, 1996:75)
Caller : if you use your long distance service a lot then
you‘ll
Mary : uh-uh
Caller : be interested in the discount I‘m talking about
because
Mary : yeah Caller: it can only save you money to switch
to a cheaper service
Mary : mmm
These types of signals (‗uh-uh‘, ‗yeah‘, ‗mmm‘) provide feedback to the
current speaker that the message is being received. They normally indicate that the
14
normal expectation, the absence of backchannels is typically interpreted as
significant. During telephone conversations, the absence of backchannels may
prompt the speaker to ask if the listener is still there. During face-to-face
interaction, the absence of backchannels may be interpreted as a way of
withholding agreement, leading to an inference of disagreement.
2.3.2 CONVERSATIONAL STYLE
According George Yule (2008:76) some individuals who are active, when
they participate in a conversation, they will be very active that speaking rate will
be relatively fast, with almost no pausing between turns, and with some overlaps
or even completion of other’s turn. It’s commonly called as high involvement
style. On the other hand, there are some individuals who are from another style in
which speaker use slower rate, expect longer pauses between turns, do not overlap,
and avoid interruption or completion of the other’s turn. This non-interrupting,
non-imposing style is called as high considerateness style. In Tannen (2005:34)
have two types of conversational style differ from each.
2.4 PREVIOUS STUDY
In the previous research Mega Wati (2013) The Comparison of Ellen
Degeneres’ Conversation Styles to Male and Female Celebrity Guests. This
research uses talk show as media conversation for her research subject. She
explains about the differences and similarities the presenter with her guests. This
study focuses in conversation or interaction between the presenter and guest. The
15
characteristics of Ellen when conversing to male and female celebrities and the
conversational pattern of Ellen as the host in Ellen Degeneres Show. For data
analysis, the researcher analyzes linguistic conversation characteristics related to
the theories of conversational analysis and pragmatic. The result of this research is
the researcher found the similarities in pause use brief pause, in overlaps Ellen
often use kind of overlaps to respond speaker, in backchannel al data that get are
positive responds, and in adjacency pairs use Question – Answer and Proposal –
Agreement. And the differences found in pause Ellen use micro pause 42% to
man and to women 40%., in overlaps, interrupted condition just find when Ellen
talk with women, in backchannel Ellen uses kinds of backchannel when talk with
man then talk with with women, and in adjacency pairs, Ellen often uses
Question-Answer with man and with women often uses Assessment - Agreement.
Ellen uses high involvement style that have characteristic like talk quickly, uses
few space in interval of dialog and some overlaps. Conversation style that Ellen
use different when talk with man guest and women guest, with man guest Ellen
talks uniformed but with women guest Ellen talks like investigate. This thesis tell
to readers about how to perform good conversation styles by reflecting on Ellen’s
use of conversational styles as the language model for them to develop and
improve especially for public speaking purposes.
Eliska Klanicova (2013) gender Analysis of TV interview Based on
Gender Differences. This diploma thesis deals with gender Differences in
16
Clinton and Barak Obama as interviewee’s or guest. the problem of this thesis are,
is a gender the main feature the language behavior of individuals, does each
gender tend to prefer one topic area, significant differences in cooperative feature
used by male and female and the last women or man who more linguistically
polite. The researcher examine with corpus to select socio pragmatic features they
are topics, cooperation politeness and to compare the findings. The researcher
found the gender is only one of many features language behavior that influence.
Setting and role, personal habits and interest, age or social position are much
important. It’s common stereotype that women usually speak about trivial issue
like family, relationship, or health but man about serious issue like politic. But
when observe Obama speak about family, Ellen about gay issue, David about
personal story and Hillary about injustice in society. So all people tend to speak
more about issue that are important to them and that relate with them. Cooperation
is a matter how people react. Ellen often use backchannel feature, Hillary very
assertive in her statement, Obama uses many amplifiers and David laughs
frequently. All of them seem to show their presence, understanding, interest and
involvement. Men and women in the four interviews use politeness strategies to
help build cooperative atmosphere. However, men are not significantly less polite
that women. Actually the main result of this thesis is that language behavior is not
only gender but also the social position, the age , the status, the personal interest
and style interrelate to create the complete picture. Although in lives experience
17
differences in language behavior of men and women and try to no judging and
labeling the quality gender as standard or lack
Warda, yulia (2013) Gender Differences In Conversational Style In " Apa
Kabar Indonesia Talk Show On Tvone". This research identify to categorize and
to analyze the utterances of male and female presenters into the features of
conversational style and different ways of communication between male and
female presenters in the talk show news. Aim of this research is for expalint about
kind of conversation style and manner to communicate that different between
male and female in talk show Apa Kabar Indonesia in TVOne. And this research
found three style and ways male and female presenters. The result of the research
are first, male presenters are dominantly used amount of talk, interruption, and
conversation support than female presenters do in the talk show news. Second,
male presenters are able to communicate by female like strategies in “Apa Kabar
Indonesia Talk Show News Program on Tv one”, and vice versa female presenters
are able to communicate by male like strategies in the talk show news. Third,
male and female presenters used style differently, because they have different
characteristics in social life.
From these previous studies that researcher explain, the researcher get the
idea. In The previous studies talked about gender, conversation, and talk show, the
researcher want to focus in conversation style that use in different gender and the
purpose use these styles. The researcher choose or use Najwa Sihab in Mata
18
researcher will analyze about gender and conversation style that happen in talk
ϭϵ
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHOD
In this part the researcher discusses about the method of research. In this
research the researcher used conversational analysis. This part consists of research
design, subject of the research, research instrument, data and data source, data
collection and data analysis
3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN
In this research, the researcher used conversation analysis. According
(Hutchby & Woffitt, 2008) states conversation analysis is the analysis of the
sequential organization of interaction. In pragmatic, the term, conversational
analysis is used to mean the investigation into and analysis of natural conversation
so as to reveal what the linguistic features of conversation is and how
conversation is used in ordinary life.
Therefore, using conversation analysis the researcher analyzes
conversational style which is they are high involvement style and high
consideration style. To found the differences conversational style by male and
female the researcher compare and categorize turntaking included pauses, overlap
and backhannel and conversational analysis. The data come from conversation
between Najwa Syihab in Mata Najwa with her guest and Andy Flores Noya in
20
3.2 SUBJECT OF THE RESEARCH
This subject of the research is from video talk show in youtube Najwa
Syihab in Mata Najwa and Andy Flores Noya in Kick Andy with same guest
Basuki Thahaya Purnama.
3.3 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
In this research the researcher was the main instrument. It means that the
researcher that collected classified and analyzed the data by applying the theory
that had been discussed in previous chapter. The researcher searched the data on
videos that downloaded from YouTube and transcribe of the conversation Najwa
Syihab in Mata Najwa and Andy Flores Noya in Kick Andy. Therefor, the
researcher focused to two presenters Najwa Syihab and Andy Flores Noya.
3.4 DATA AND DATA SOURCE
The researcher took the data from two videos talk show they are Najwa
Syihab in Mata Najwa in episode March 16, 2016 with theme Pertaruhan Ahok
and Andy Flores Noya inKick Andyin episode February 19, 2016. It was in video
form, these obtained from one episode with same guest, and same topics. The
subjects of the research were two presenters. The researcher choose the utterances
that produced by two presenter only in episode with Basuki Thaya purnama atau
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3.5 DATA COLLECTION
In data collection, the researcher chooses Najwa Syihab in Mata Najwa
and Andy Flores Noya in Kick Andy as a source of data. The researcher used
procedures to collect the data:
1. Searching the data on you tube
The researcher searches the data on youtube. It was purposed to get more source
of talk show that match to be analyzed. The researcher watches and compares two
videos of Najwa Syhab in Mata Najwaand Andy Flores Noya in Kick Andy
2. Downloading the data
In this part the writer downloaded the video aimed to avoid black out the videos
on you tube. So by downloading the researcher could be easily to watches and
listens videos anytime.
3. Watching the talk show
The researcher watches two videos of Najwa Syihab in Mata Najwa and Andy
Flores Noya in “Kick Andy.”
4. Transcribing
After watching two videos the researcher transcribed the conversation into a text
form. The researcher checked the transcribed and marked it. The researcher coded
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(…) : Brief pause >0.5 s < 1.0 seconds
(....) : Pause >1.0 s < 1,5 seconds
(>1,5) : Long pause in seconds >1,5 seconds
= : Point at which the current utterance is overlapped by that transcribes
below.
: Under line for backchannel.
5. Then analyze and categorize in to conversation style they are turn taking
included pauses, overlap and back channel and then conversational style.
6. Find the differences of turn taking included pauses, overlap, backchannel and
conversation style between Najwa Syihab in Mata Najwa and Andy Flores
Noya in “Kick Andy.
7. Interpret the purpose of Najwa Syihab in Mata Najwaand Andy Flores Noya
in “Kick Andy uses that style.
3.6 DATA ANALYSIS
In analyzing the data, the writer took some procedures. They were
identifying the data, classifying the data and determining the data into purpose of
23
a. Identifying the conversation into some identities
In identifying the conversation, the researcher applied some identities.
Those were identifying pauses, backchannel and overlap. Identifying pauses,
backchannel and overlap uttered by two presenters.
b. Classifying of pauses, overlap, backchannel and conversational style in
Najwa Syihab inMata Najwaand Andy Flores Noya inKick Andy.
In this part, the researcher, classified the data into pauses, backchannel and
overlap, classified conversational style and also classified the frequency of pauses,
backchannel and overlap. See table below.
Table 1.1 classifiying pauses in Najwa Syihab inMata Najwa
Pause 1 2 3Segment4 5 6 Total
(<0,5) (>0,5<1,0) (>1,0<1,5) >1,5 Total
Table 1.4 classifiying pauses in Najwa Syihab inMata Najwa
Pause 1 2 3Segment4 5 6 Total
24
Table 1.2 classification of overlap in Najwa Syihab in Mata Najwaand Andy Noya inKick Andy
Participant Amount PercentageOverlap Najwa Syihab
Andy F. Noya Total
Table 1.3 classification of backchannel in Najwa Syihab in Mata Najwa and Andy Noya inKick Andy
Participant Amount PercentageBackchannel Najwa Syihab
Andy F. Noya Total
The formulation: Frequency x 100 = Precentages
Total feequency
c. After know the frequency of the data the researcher can conclude what
conversational style that the two presenters used.
d. Determining of the purpose of the conversational style
After the researcher classifies the data into turn taking, that included pause,
overlap, backchannel and conversational style. The researcher determined the
CHAPTER IV
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
This chapter discusses about what are the differences in conversation style
that used by male and female presenters Najwa Sihab in Mata Najwa and Andy
Flores Noya in Kick Andy. The second contains about what are the purposes of
Najwa Syihab in Mata Najwa and Andy Flores Noya inKick Andyuse that style.
This study discusses about conversation style used by two presenters Najwa Sihab
inMata Najwaand Andy Flores Noya inKick Andy.
The description and identification of conversation style that used by male
and female presenters Najwa Sihab inMata Najwaand Andy Flores Noya inKick
Andy
4.1. Finding
First of all, the researcher focuses on frequency of pauses, overlap and
backchannel uttered by two presenters Najwa Syihabin Mata Najwa and Andy
Flores Noya in Kick Andy. The researcher finds Najwa use pauses 182 times and
Andy Noya use pauses 231 times. Najwa use overlpa 25 times and Andy 3 times.
Najwa use backchannel 60 times and Andy19 times. After know the frequency of
pause, overlap and backchannel the researcher classified that Najwa Syihab use
high involvement style and Andy Flores Noya use high consideration style.
Ϯϲ
In this case, the researcher analyzed about turn taking. The definition of
turn taking based on (Yule, 1996:72) is the change of speaker during conversation.
Besides that, according to Cutting (2002 :30) “all cultures have their own
preferences as to know how long a speaker should hold the floor, how they
indicate that they have finished and another speaker can take the floor, when a
new speaker can start whether the new speaker can overlaps and interrupt, when
speakers can pause and for how long”. According George Yule Turn taking are
pauses, overlap and backchannel.
4.1.1.1.Turn Taking in Najwa Syihab and Andy Noya utterances 1. Pauses
We have pauses for breathing and for planning what to say. We speak until
we run out of air, or run out of thought to say. According to Cutting (2002 :29),
pauses can also be a culture for some people. They are used to speak with long
pause between turns which intend to carry meaning.
Ϯϳ
Table 1.1 classification of pause in Najwa Syihab
Pause 1 2 3 Segment4 5 6 Total
(<0,5) 25 21 14 31 14 16 121
(>0,5<1,0) 13 4 5 5 1 4 32
(>1,0<1,5) 3 4 4 5 3 5 24
>1,5 1 1 1 3 5
Total 182
In table 1.1 explained above pauses that did by Najwa Syihab per segment.
Najwa Syihab did pauses in the conversation 181 times. In pauses <0,5 Najwa
Syihab did 121 times. In segment one 25 times in segment two 21 times, in
segment three 14 times, in segment four 31 times in segment five 14 times and in
segment six 16 times. In pauses >0,5<1,0 Najwa Syihab did 32 times. In segment
one 13 times in segment two 4 times, in segment three 5 times, in segment four 5
times in segment five 1 times and in segment six 4 times. In pauses >1,0<1,5
Najwa Syihab did 24 times. In segment one 3 times in segment two 4 times, in
segment three 4 times, in segment four 5 times in segment five 3 times and in
segment six 5 times. In pauses >1,5 Najwa Syihab did 5 times. In segment two 1
times, in segment three 1 times, in segment four 1 times and in segment six 3
times.
In Najwa Syihab conversation in segment one, the researcher found 121
data which explained that she did pauses <0,5. It is proved in pause <0,5.
Ϯϴ
B : Lah saya kenal Bu Mega dengan baik kok, saya ketemu, saya begitu baik hubungannya dengan keluarga Bu Mega.
10 N :Tapi statemen- statemen petinggi partainya .. semuanya bilang
jangan terburu- buru, .. jangan kami di paksa- paksa .. ikutilah proses mekanisme internal. .. =Jika Ahok mengatakan
In the conversation above, Najwa Syihab talk about Ahok politic career
become governor In the excerpt above, Najwa Syihab did pauses >0,5 seconds.
Pauses > 0,5 seconds coded by .. Najwa Syihab usually did pauses 0,5 seconds when she given a pause in mid-sentence. It can proved in the text, after commas
Najwa Syihab did 0,5 pauses. It aims to give little pauses and emphasize a point in
every word.
In Najwa Syihab conversation in segment two, the researcher found 32
data which explained that she did pauses. It is proved in pause >0,5.<1,0
Excerpt (segment 2, Mata Najwa )
31 N : Kita akan putarkan lagi pemirsa,... ketika Ahok menjadi tuan
rumah Mata Najwa...mewawancarai ketua umum PDI perjuangan
Mega Wati Soekarno Putr....Kita lihat mesranya Mega dan Ahok Cuplikan
32 N : Karna, karna hubungan yang mesra itukah Pak Ahok... anda
masih yakin di saat-saat terakhir injuritan ... kalau nggak cukup KTP Mega Wati akan menjadi penyelamat Ahok untuk maju jadi gubernur.
In this conversation above Najwa Syihab want to show the videos that
show Ahok is very close with Mega Wati as president of PDI. In excerpt Najwa
Syihab use pauses >0,5.<1,0 seconds. It is characterized by .... Nawa Syihab use pauses >0,5.<1,0 in the end of sentence. It proved in the excerpt after dot in the
Ϯϵ
In Najwa Syihab conversation in segment three, the researcher found 5
data which explained that she did pauses >1,5. It is proved in pause >1,5.
Excerpt (segment 3, Mata Najwa)
A : untuk apa saya jadi gubernur, mending saya istilah ya bertaruh di Jakarta, kalau saya nggak dapatpun nggak papa tapi saya puas sebab saya bukan jadi gubernuanya tapi bagaimana menjadikan contoh satu provinsi sanggup mempunyai jaminan social dan bisa menyiapkan pertempuran afta.
71 N : ok, kita tepuk tangan untuk Pak Ahok, (3,0)Pak Ahok, .... anda,.. tapi berarti pengalaman politik anda, ... pengalaman pertarungan politik anda sudah sangat banyak.
A : oh saya nggak muat di seluruh Indonesia, kalau ngomong sombong.
In this conversation Ahok talk nicely, he said something that made Najwa
Syihab impressed. Finally Najwa Syihab gives appreciation. After najwa Syihab
said “kita tepuk tangan untuk Pak Ahok,”. Najwa Syihab didi pauses 3 seconds.
She did pauses 3 seconds after she give appreciate and stopped while whiting for
finished applause.
In Najwa Syihab conversation in segment four, the researcher found 24
data which explained that she did pauses. It is proved in pause >1,0<1,5.
Excerpt (segment 4, Mata Najwa)
A : kita nggak perna bawa pulang uang, taruk di bank aja
164 N : iya. …. ngeles, (2,0) katanya terbuka. …. ya 150.000.000 juta
sekian gitu
A : iya yang penting anak 3 masi sekolah cukup
ϯϬ
text Nawa Syihab use pauses >1,0<1,5 seconds in the end of sentence. It proved in
the excerpt after dot in the end of sentence, it aims to take a breath and to sing in
the end of sentence. The aims same with did pauses >0,5<1,0 seconds.
b. pause in Andy Flores Noya
Table 1.3 classification pauses in Andy NoyaKick Andy
Pause 1 2 3 Segment4 5 6 Total
(<0,5) 42 21 20 18 21 17 139
(>0,5<1,0) 13 4 11 5 16 4 53
(>1,0<1,5) 5 1 5 4 5 5 25
>1,5 2 1 1 5 1 4 14
Total 231
In table 1.2 explained above pauses that did by Andy Noya per segment.
Andy Noya did pauses in the conversation 231 times. In pauses <0,5 Andy Noya
did 139 times. In segment one 42 times in segment two 21 times, in segment three
20 times, in segment four 18 times in segment five 21 times and in segment six 12
times. In pauses >0,5<1,0 Andy Noya did 53 times. In segment one 13 times in
segment two 4 times, in segment three 11 times, in segment four 5 times in
segment five 16 times and in segment six 4 times. In pauses >1,0<1,5 Andy Noya
did 25 times. In segment one 5 times in segment two 1 times, in segment three 5
times, in segment four 4 times in segment five 5 times and in segment six 5 times.
In pauses >1,5 Andy Noya did 14 times. In segment one 2 times in segment two 1
times, in segment three 1 times, in segment four 5 times in segment five 1 times
ϯϭ
In conversation Andy Noya in Kick Andy the researcher found 139 data
which explained that she did pauses in <0,5 seconds. It is proved in pause <0,5.
Excerpt (segment 1, Kick Andy):
12 A : baik sebelum kiata lanjutakan,..ada baiknya kita simak dahulu sliputan berikut ini
video
13 A : mereka yang tidak suka..dengan gaya kepemimpinan anda….
menganggap itu arogan,..pemara..tidak..manusiawi..sok kuasa,..sewenang- wenang..pokoknya semua yang jelek- jelek deh. (0,3) Anda tau nggak bahwa anda dinilai seperti itu juga
B : ya kalau top nomer 1 kan nggak papa
14 A : maksutnya apa ya?
In this conversation Andy talk about impression of public about Ahok that
always angry. In the excerpt above, Andy Flores Noya did pauses <0,5 seconds.
Pauses <0,5 seconds coded by (..). Andy Noya usually did pauses 0,5 seconds when she given a pause in mid-sentence. It can proved in the text, after commas
Andy Noya did 0,5 pauses. It aims to give little pauses and to emphasize a point in
every word.
In conversation Andy Noya in Kick Andy the researcher found 53 data
which explained that she did pauses in >0,5<1,0 seconds. It is proved in pause
>0,5.<1,0
Excerpt (Segment 2, Kick Andy )
B : ………..Dia tinggal di pinggir sungai, gusur aja
kita pindahin lebih layak. Kalau dia tinggal di bogor, di depok, segala macem dan dia mungkin biaya mahal dan
ϯϮ
orang kena 12.000, 15.000 kan mending naik motor, lah giman caranya 3.500 aja terus masi mahal gampang bukak aja rekening bank di DKI, gajimu ditaru disitu, gratis. Aku untung dari bank DKI dikit lah
38 A : saya masi tertarik untuk menyalakan anda, … soal
reklamasi…partai di Jakarta utara, ..saya pikir …ini anda nggak bisa jawab nih
B : inget loh pendukungnya banyak
39 A : yah haha, banyak orang menganggap keputusan yang pro..
orang- orang kayak .. karena reklamasi itu untuk
membangun perumahan.
In this conversation Ahok and Andy Noya talk about eviction of
merchants. Ahok considered did not pro.with poor people. Andy just interest to
disputed Ahok regulation. In the excerpt Andy Flore Noya use pauses 1,0 seconds.
It is characterized by (...).Andy Flores Noya use pauses 1,0 in the end of sentence an phrase. It proved in the excerpt after dot in the end of sentence, it aims to take a
breath and to emphasize in the end of sentence and phrase.
In conversation Andy Noya in Kick Andy the researcher found 25 data
which explained that she did pauses in >1,0<1,5 seconds It is proved in pause
>01<1,5.
Excerpt (segment 3, Kick Andy)
59 A :….jadi tidak ada konflik kepentinga disini
B : iya, dan DPRD semua tau tuh, …. pada kunjungan kerja berapa
kali..sekarang aja purak- pura ributin bir sama gue 60 A : hehe
B : iya termasuk partai- partai bawah agama juga tau semua kunjungan kerja dari dulu
61 A : …. baik, … sebelum kita lanjutkan tentu ingin tau, pandangan
ϯϯ
In the text above Andy Noya and his guest talk about politics, we can see
in the text there are 3 times pauses in >1,0<1,5. Pause in >1,0<1,5 decoded by
(….).In the text Andy Noya use pauses >1,0<1,5 seconds in the begin of sentence. It proved in the excerpt, in the beginning of sentence. It aims to take a breath and
to give pauses after Ahok utterance. The aims same with did pauses >0,5<1,0
seconds.
In conversation Andy Noya in Kick Andy the researcher found 14 data
which explained that she did pauses in >1,5 seconds. It is proved in pause >1,5.
Excerpt (segment 4, Kick Andy)
71 A : wah ini .. mengungkit persoalan lama ini, … lagi UPS ini. .. Ini
anda seneng atau kurang suka B : yah lumayan lah
72 A : lumayan, baik, .. badannya berotot tapi wajahnya manis ya. (7,0)
baik berikutnya. (4,0) Klau ini anda suka tidak
B : ya minimal nggak usa latihan lumayan juga foto berotot gitu,
nantikan cicit- cicitnya kita kira buyutnya kayak gitu badannya
In the text above Andy Noya and Ahok talk about meme created my young
people to appreciated Ahok as governor. In the text, there are 2 times pauses >1,5
seconds. They are 7 seconds and 4,0 . It happens when the audiences laugh, saw
the funny meme and give applause to Ahok and Andy Noya.
2. Overlap
The meaning of overlaps according to Yule (2008:72) is a condition where
ϯϰ
activity absolutely because when both speaker are speaking, who will listen to
them. Overlap happens because the presenter and the guest totally realize that
overlapping each other could make the information cannot be clearly heard. It is
better for them because if suddenly cut conversation he or she stops the word and
listen to what she / he talking about.
Table 1.2 classification of overlap in Najwa Syihab in Mata Najwaand Andy Noya inKick Andy
Presenters Amount PercentageOverlap
Najwa Syihab 25 89.3%
Andy F. Noya 3 10.7%
Total 28 100%
a. Overlap in Najwa Syihab
Table 1,2 classification of overlap did by Najwa Syihab and Andy Noya.
The researcher found 28 data of overlaps from Najwa Syihab utterance and Andy
Noya utterance in different talk show.
From the data that founded, the researcher found 25 times overlap in
conversation between Najwa Syihab and her guest. This is an example of overlap
shown in below.
Excerpt (Segment 1, Mata Najwa )
ϯϱ
ditengah jalan, partai tidak mengusung Bapak, kami ini ngak keburu lagi lo Pak.=Untuk minta PP.
8 N : Keraguan = terhadap partai tidak dipercaya, itu keraguan yang... juga anda rasakan tidak pak Ahok?
In the example above Najwa Syihab did overlap intentionally. Overlap
happen when her guest talk very long, the guest gave too much explaining and not
to the point. Then Najwa Syihab cut his guest utterance so overlap happened. It
aims to cut the utterance of her/ his guest to not talk too much.
b. Overlap in Andy Flores Noya
In the table 1.2, the researcher found 28 data from Najwa Syihab utterance
and Andy Noya utterance in different talk show. From the data that founded, the
researcher found 3 times overlap in conversation Andy Noya with his guest. From
the data, example of overlap shown in excerpt as follows.
Excerpt ( Segment 3, Kick Andy) 56 A : nah itu orang
B : PT Delata itu punya =DKI 20% saham
57 A : orang kemudian mengganggap= ada konflik kepentingan =anda B : enggak dong=
58 A : anda anda =menolak bir dilarang
B : itu tanyak= Pak Ali Sadikin, Pak Ali Sadikin yang bikin tuh aku juga nggak tau, taun 60an. Apa, berapa bukak pabrik bir itu
In the conversation above, Ahok and Andy Noya talk about Ahok
regulation above alcohol sale and cigarette advertisement. In excerpt also shows
ϯϲ
3. Backchannel
According to (Yule, 1996:75) within an extended turn, however, speakers
still expect their conversational partners to indicate that they are listening. There
are many different ways of doing this, including head nods, smiles, and other
facial expressions and gestures, but the most common vocal indications are called
backchannel signals, or simply backchannels. These types of signals (‗uh-uh‘,
‗yeah‘, ‗mmm‘) provide feedback to the current speaker that the message is being
received.
Table 1.3 classification of backchannel in Najwa Syihab in Mata Najwa and Andy Noya inKick Andy
Presenters AmountBackchannelPercentage
Najwa Syihab 60 75,1%
Andy F. Noya 19 29%
Total 79 100%
a. Backchannel in Najwa Syihab
Table 1,3 classification of backchannel did by Najwa Syihab and Andy
Noya. The researcher found 79 data of backchannel from Najwa Syihab utterance
and Andy Noya utterance in different talk show. From the data that found, the
researcher found 60 times or 75,4% backchannel in conversation Najwa Syihab
with her guest. Below is an example of backchannel uttered by Najwa Syihab.
ϯϳ
B : Tapi presepsi bagus kan 41 N : heem
B : jadi sampai sekarang kalau ketemu saya di Bangka Belitung aduk hok sayang lu ya, nggak jadi gubernur kami ya kalau lu jadi gubernur pasti kita nggak susah. saya nggak habis pikir kalau jadi gubernur nggak berhasil kacau
42 N : heem
B : kalau jadi gubernur kita pasti susah, saya nggak habis pikir kalau mau implisment saya, mana saya berani lawan DPRD
43 N : heem
In the conversation Ahok told about how becomes governor. In the
example Najwa Syihab said “heem” when Ahok talked with her very long. Najwa
Syihab always respond by saying “heem”,. She used backchannel to give
impression that she really hears him to give signal agree and to expression of
emotion, attitude and affect.
b. Backchannel in Andy Noya
In table 1.3 The researcher found 79 data of backchannel from Najwa
Syihab utterance and Andy Noya utterance in different talk show. From the data
that found, the researcher found 19 times backchannel in conversation between
Andy Noya with his guest. It is an example of backchannel shown in excerpt as
follows.
Excerpt (segment 2, Kick Andy)
24 A : lengkapnya bagaimana?
ϯϴ
fungsi, supaya bisa jualan lah kenapa PKL butuh di tempat orang rame, ada salah satu iklan di TV menggambarkan sangat jelas ya, kalau nggak salah iklan salah satu mi insatan gitu ya
25 A : heem
B : suami istri pakek selimut dia bilang pengen bakso terus buuk bakso itu, gerobak itu jatuh toh. Itu PKL itu, jadi PKL itu selalu berusaha mendekatkan diri kepada orang rame makannya kita harus ciptkan, yang beberapa PKL yang kita bantu, kita di jalan cengkeh, kita akan bangun, untuk PKL, dia bayar 4000/hari, nah kenapa saya maksa
In the conversation above, Andy Noya wanted Ahok explaining more
details about the eviction of street vendors and what the solutions are. Ahok told
and explained very long but Andy just did backchannel once. It proved that Andy
gave minimum backchannel to his guest but, he still nice hearer.
From analyze turn taking of Najwa Syihab and Andy Flores Noya. The
researcher found the frequency and concludes that, Andy Flores Noya more often
used pauses than Najwa Syihab. Najwa Syihab more often did overlap than Andy
Noya. Najwa Syihab more often used backchannel than Andy Noya.
4.1.2. Conversational style in Najwa Sihab In Mata Najwa and Andy Flores Noya InKick Andy
According to Tannen (2005:135), “understanding of conversation style is
essential in heterogeneous society especially for students of language, linguistics,
communication or any of disciplines dealing with human behavior”. Base on
George Yule Conversational style include High Involvement style and high
consideration style.
ϯϵ
Base on George Yule (1996:76) some individuals who are active, when
they participate in a conversation, they will be very active that speaking rate will
be relatively fast, with almost no pausing between turns, and with some overlaps
or even completion of other’s turn. It’s commonly called as high involvement
style.
So high involvement style are someone more often did backchannel, used
minimum pauses and more often did overlap. From turn taking analysis Najwa
Syihab use high involvement style.
First, Najwa Syihab is active when they participate in a conversation. It
proved by excerpt below:
Excerpt (segment 2, Mata Najwa )
B : Tapi presepsi bagus kan 41 N : heem
B : jadi sampai sekarang kalau ketemu saya di Bangka Belitung aduk hok sayang lu ya nggak jadi gubernur kami ya kalau lu jadi
gubernur pasti kita nggak susah saya nggak habis pikir
kalau jadi gubernur nggak berhasil kacau 42 N : heem
B : kalau jadi gubernur kita pasti susah, sya nggak habis piker kalau mau implisment saya, mana saya berani lawan DPRD
43 N : heem
B : kalau dia berhasil menurunkan saya, pasti orang Jakarta bilang
In the conversation above, Ahok told what happened if he became Bangka
Belitung governor. Najwa Syihab always respon by said “heem”. If someone tell
ϰϬ
Second, Najwa Syihab will be very active that speaking rate will be
relatively fast, with almost no pausing between turns. It proved by excerpt below
Excerpt (Segment 2, Mata Najwa)
25 N : terimah kasih, anda terus di mata Najwa saya bersama gubernur DKI Jakarta Basuki tjahaya purnama yang katanya sebelum ke
Mata Najwa sudah minum obat. .... sudah minum obat katanya
sebelum kesini, terima kasih sudah mau datang B : Dari pagi sudah minum
26 N : Dari pagi ya B : dari pagi
27 N : banyak pesen- pesen nggak, mau datang ke Mata Najwa, banyak yang mesen- mesen nggak Pak Ahok
B : banyak, yang bilangin tuh 28 N : bilangin apa?
In the conversation above, Najwa said relative fast Najwa Syihab asked
how Ahok was doing and how was his feeling today. In the text, Najwa Syihab
did not pause too much. Pauses happened only once and it was in the end of
sentence. She also did not pauses at beginning and in immediately of her
utterances. She asked without giving a pause too much.
Third, Najwa Syihab did overlaps or even completion of other’s turn. It
proved in the example below.
Excerpt (Segment 5, Mata Najwa)
A : justru =yang ada dalam dokumen
173 N : Apakah spesifik disebutkan= pembe, .. disebutkan untuk
pembelian rumah sakit
A : betul, lengkap ditulis membeli sebagian lahan rumah sakit Sumber Waras. Terus apa lagi?
174 N : NGOP katanya mau beli =membeli di atas di atas NGOP
ϰϭ
In the conversation above, Najwa Syihab talked about corruption that
happened in Sumber Waras. This topic can make Ahok disturbed because it is
sensitive topic. In the text Najwa Syihab often used overlap to cut ahok utterance.
There are many times overlap in Najwa Syihab Conversation with Ahok. It
happened because Najwa Syihab and Ahok always want to ahead and interrupt
each other.
2. High Consideration Style used by Andy Flores Noya InKick Andy
There are some individuals who are from another style in which speaker
use slower rate, expect longer pauses between turns, do not overlap, and avoid
interruption or completion of the other’s turn. This interrupting,
non-imposing style is called as high considerateness style, George Yule (1996:76).
So high consideration style are someone who seldom did backchannel,
more often pauses and more often did overlap. From turn taking analysis these
character had by Andy Noya.
Andy Flores Noya use slower rate, expect longer pauses between turns. It
proved by excerpt below.
Excerpt (segment 3, Kick Andy)
59 A :….jadi tidak ada konflik kepentinga disini
B : iya, dan DPRD semua tau tuh, …. pada kunjungan kerja berapa
kali..sekarang aja purak- pura ributin bir sama gue 60 A : hehe
B : iya termasuk partai- partai bawah agama juga tau semua kunjungan kerja dari dulu
61 A : …. baik, … sebelum kita lanjutkan tentu ingin tau, pandangan
ϰϮ
In this conversation above, Andy and Ahok talk about religious issues that
occur in Ahok and also talk about governor’s performance. In the text Andy often
uses various pauses. He also did pauses in beginning of utterance and within an
utterance. It proved that Andy often used the pauses and also speech relative slow.
Andy Noya did not overlap, and avoid interruption or completion of the
other’s turn. It proved by excerpt below.
Excerpt: (Segment 1, Kick Andy)
13 A : mereka yang tidak suka .. dengan gaya kepemimpinan anda ….
menganggap itu arogan, .. pemara .. tidak .. manusiawi .. sok
kuasa, .. sewenang- wenang .. pokoknya semua yang jelek- jelek
deh. (0,3) Anda tau nggak bahwa anda dinilai seperti itu juga
B : ya kalau top nomer 1 kan nggak papa
14A : maksutnya apa ya?
B : semua nama kan diborong saya kan bagus dong, di borong semua
kan bagus
15A : Emm tapi ini yang jelek- jelek loh ya
B : nggak papa, top yang penting nomer satu. Kalau bole jeleknya top
sekalian jelek gitu loh
In the conversation above, Andy talked about the negative side of Ahok.
Andy said that everyone assumed that Ahok are people who like angry in front of
the public and arbitrary person. Andy also asked how to Ahok responds this issue.
In text Andy did not overlap, this conversation going well, after question
–answer-Question – Answer.
4.1.1.2.The differences conversation style used in Najwa Syihab in Mata
Najwaand Andy Flores Noya inKick Andy
1. The researcher founds that the numerous of overlap in two conversation in
Njawa Syihab Mata Najwa and Andy Noya in Kick Andy is Andy Flores
ϰϯ
2. The researcher founds that the numerous of overlap in two conversation in
Njawa Syihab Mata Najwaand Andy Noya in Kick Andyis Najwa Syihab
more often did overlap than Andy Noya.
3. The researcher founds that Najwa Syihab more often used backchannel
than Andy Noya.
4. The researcher founds that Najwa Syihab use high involvement style and
Andy Noya use high consideration style.
4.1.3. The Purpose conversational style that used by Najwa Syihab Mata
Najwaand Andy Noya inKick Andy
To answer the question number two above the purpose Najwa Syihab in
Mata Najwa and Andy Noya in Kick Andy use this style. The researcher used
researcher argument and supported by excerpt of conversation between Najwa
Syihab with her guest and Andy Flores Noya with his guest to found the purpose
of two presenters used this style.
1. The purpose of Najwa Syihab used high involvement style
Some individuals who are active, when they participate in a conversation,
they will be very active that speaking rate will be relatively fast, with almost no
pausing between turns, and with some overlaps or even completion of other’s turn.
It’s commonly called as high involvement style, George Yule (1996:76).
Najwa Syihab talk relative fast with minimum pause it maybe her
character but why she talk relative fast with minimum pause ? that is because
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pauses or long pauses to make the conversation felt not awkward. It proved by
excerpt below.
Excerpt (segment 3, Mata Najwa) :
101 N : Pak Ahok tapi orang bilang maju independent pun bukan hal yang murah loh, tetep mahal
A : bukan saya, patungan semua emang gua pikirin 102 N : (Laugh)
A : patungan
103 N : jadi anda nggak mau keluar uang
A : nggak mau buang duit, aku uda buang tenaga tiap hari bangun setengah lima
104 N : ngumpulin uang
A bangun setengah lima pulang jam sepuluh jam sebelas malem 105 N : pelit banget ya ahok nggak mau keluar duit
A : uda buang tenaga sabtu minggu ya nggak nonton film sebulan terkadang sekali
106 N : padahal A : saya kerja kok
107 N : padahal anda lumayan kaya loh Pak Ahok
A : karna saya punya, ya kan rata- rata rakyat Indonesia, aku dari kecil uda makan apel washingtown kok
In this conversation Najwa and Ahok talk about Ahok’s politic career.
Najwa did not pause in beginning of utterance and within an utterance. Najwa
speak relative fast and sarcastic. It makes Ahok emotion and speak relative fast to.
It proved with Ahok did not pause and Ahok said “emang gua pikirin, nggak mau
buang duit, uda buang tenaga”. So if the presenter spoke faster, the guest will be
influence, the guest will speak quickly and the guest will be provoked
Sometimes there are overlapping in the conversation. In conversation
between Najwa Syihab with her guest, Najwa Syihab often did overlap. In
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to saving the time. If overlap often happened in conversation, the conversation
usually will give impression active conversation. It proved with example below.
Excerpt (segment 5, Mata Najwa)
A : justru =yang ada dalam dokumen
173 N : Apakah spesifik disebutkan= pembe, .. disebutkan untuk
pembelian rumah sakit
A : betul, lengkap ditulis membeli sebagian lahan rumah sakit Sumber Waras. Terus apa lagi?
174 N : NGOP katanya mau beli =membeli di atas di atas NGOP
A : makannya, itu provokasi= namaun sekrang dengar, itu harga
NGOP kita beli dulu BPK mengatakan FDINA tau dipecat juga kok, kepala BPK DKI
In the conversation above, Najwa Syihab talked about corruption that
happened in Sumber Waras. This topic is a topic that can make Ahok disturbed or
sensitive. Najwa Syihab and Ahok always want to ahead and interrupt each other.
Najwa Syihab also often used overlap to cut Ahok utterance. Overlap happens
when she wants to complete the information which is said by Ahok.
Purpose of backchannel is if presenter or listener did backchannel. They
will be shown that the presenter is an active listener and given impression that the
presenter was exited.
Excerpt (segment 2, Mata Najwa )
B : Tapi presepsi bagus kan 41 N : heem
B : jadi sampai sekarang kalau ketemu saya di Bangka Belitung aduk hok sayang lu ya nggak jadi gubernur kami ya kalau lu jadi
gubernur pasti kita nggak susah saya nggak habis pikir kalau jadi gubernur nggak berhasil kacau
42 N : heem
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In the example Najwa syihab did backchannel. Najwa Syihab always
respond by saying “heem”, when Ahok talked with her. If someone about
something and the listener always responds, the speaker will fell the listener carry
and excited. It proved that Najwa Syihab use backchannel to give impression that
she really hears him and excited.
So the researcher concludes the purpose of Najwa Syihab used high
involvement style. She talks relative fast with minimum pause because with talk
like that the conversation will be felt very active and can stimulate guest to talk
actively and felt provoked. In conversation of Najwa Syihab, she usually used
overlap to stop the guest talk and make the audience enthusiasm. The purpose
Najwa Syihab often did backchannel. If presenter or listener did backchannel so
looked like active listener and given impression that the presenter was exited.
2. The purpose of Andy Flores Noya used high consideration style
There are some individuals who are from another style in which speaker
use slower rate, expect longer pauses between turns, do not overlap, and avoid
interruption or completion of the other’s turn. This interrupting,
non-imposing style is called as high considerateness style, George Yule (1996:76).
Andy Noya talked slowly but sure. His characters are calm person and
relax. His characters influence how he could be a presenter. His style makes his
conversation with his guest felt relax, so it can makes his guest comfortable. It
proved in excerpt below.
