Acknowledgments iv
Introduction 1
PART I. THE GLOBAL EXPANSION OF OIL PALM PLANTATIONS
1. Cheap oil 5
2. Cash crop 10
3. A scramble for lands 15
4. Communities lose out to oil palm plantations 22
5. New frontiers for oil palm expansion 30
PART II. ANOTHER SIDE OF PALM OIL, IN AFRICA
6. A long history and vast biodiversity 38
7. Oil palm production in West and Central Africa 47
8. The global land grab for oil palm plantations hits Africa
55
9. Well oiled resistance 57
Annex 1 : land grabs for oil palm plantations 61
Annex 2: land grabs for oil palm plantations in the Papuas of Indonesia and New Guinea
80
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PART 1
CHAPTER 1
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Shanmugam is a coconut farmer in Talavady, Tamil Nadu. The flood of imported palm oil into India has driven down the price for coconut paid to Shanmugam and other farmers, deeply affecting their livelihoods. “Farmers are drowning in debt, and we’re trying to survive in anyway we can,” says Shanmugam. “The coconut price is only 4-5 Rs per nut, which is what it was 20 years ago, and we can’t even afford to harvest or remove the coconut trees now to change to other crops because it’s too costly.”
This year Shanmugam is selling his 7 hectare coconut farm to pay off a portion of his debt.
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CHAPTER 2
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CHAPTER 3
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The case of Liberian Forest Products Inc. (LFPI)
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CHAPTER 4
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Winnie Overbeek is the international coordinator of the World Rainforest Movement– an international network with a small secretariat in Uruguay that supports the struggles of communities and indigenous people who depend on tropical forests. He talked to GRAIN about his views on the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil.
GRAIN: What is the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO)? Winnie 0=: ./,+ >H 6C >C>I>6I>K: I=6I L6H ;DJC9:9 >C %I >H 6 E6GIC:GH=>E 7:IL::C I=: E6AB D>A >C9JHIGN 6C9 6 ;:L *#+H X I=: 33" >H 6 K:GN >BEDGI6CI DC: %C BN K>:L NDJ 86C H:: >I 6H 6 G:HEDCH: D; I=: E6AB D>A >C9JHIGN ID I=: 8DC;A>8IH 6C9 I=: :CK>GDCB:CI6A EGD7A:BH
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GRAIN: In your experience working with communities, has the RSPO been a solution for them? Has it helped to make palm oil sustainable?
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PART 2
CHAPTER 6
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Ogbè é do détin nin dji aga don
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Mikpon détin dji aga, mi kpon mi kpon détin nin dji aga don
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O ho é do han tché nin min
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Détin do kpo nin dji wè dé sounhlouin gan gan soun gan dé
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Mi kpon ami é ton, a nan mon ami dja kpo atan kpo
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