PENGARUH FUNGSI INTERMEDIASI PERBANKAN TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN DAN HARGA SAHAM
BANK SWASTA NASIONAL DEVISA GO PUBLIC DI INDONESIA
ABSTRAK
Keberadaan sektor perbankan sebagai subsistem dalam perekonomian suatu negara memiliki peranan cukup penting, bahkan dalam kehidupan masyarakat modern sehari-hari sebagian besar melibatkan jasa dari sektor perbankan. Hal tersebut dikarenakan sektor perbankan mengemban fungsi utama sebagai perantara (intermediasi) keuangan antara unit-unit ekonomi yang surplus dana, dengan unit-unit ekonomi yang kekurangan dana. Melalui sebuah bank dapat dihimpun dana dari masyarakat dalam berbagai bentuk simpanan selanjutnya dari dana yang telah terhimpun tersebut bank menyalurkan kembali, dalam bentuk pemberian kredit kepada sektor bisnis atau pihak lain yang membutuhkan. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya fenomena belum optimalnya penyaluran kredit perbankan. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) yang masih berada dibawah harapan Bank Indonesia. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh fungsi intermediasi perbankan yang terdiri dari capital adequacy ratio, net interest margin, non performing loan, loan to deposit ratio, BOPO, dan total kredit terhadap kinerja keuangan (return on asset) bank swasta nasional devisa go public di Indonesia periode Desember 2006-Desember 2010 dan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh kinerja keuangan (return on asset) terhadap harga saham bank swasta nasional devisa go public di Indonesia periode Desember 2006-Desember 2010. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji statistik F dan uji statistik t dengan tingkat signifikansi 5%. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik F diperoleh bahwa fungsi intermediasi perbankan yang terdiri dari capital adequacy ratio (CAR), net interest margin (NIM), non performing loan (NPL), loan to deposit ratio (LDR), BOPO, dan total kredit berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap kinerja keuangan (return on asset/ROA) bank swasta nasional devisa go public di Indonesia periode Desember 2006-Desember 2010, Sedangkan secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa variabel net interest margin (NIM), BOPO dan total kredit merupakan variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan/ return on asset bank swasta nasional devisa go public di Indonesia periode Desember 2006-Desember 2010. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistika pada hipotesis kedua bahwa retun on asset (ROA) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham bank swasta nasional devisa go public di Indonesia periode Desember 2006-Desember 2010 dengan tingkat signifikansi 5%.
Kata Kunci: Fungsi Intermediasi Perbankan, Return On Asset (ROA), harga saham
THE INFLUENCE OF BANKING INTERMEDIATION FUNCTION ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AND STOCK PRICE OF THE
GO-PUBLIC EXCHANGE NATIONAL PRIVATE BANK IN INDONESIA
ABSTRACT
The existence of banking sector as the sub-system plays a quite important role in the economy of a country and even in the daily routines of modern society who mostly involves the service of banking sector. This occurs because the main function of banking sector is as the financial intermediation between the economic units with surplus of fund and those with lack of fund. Through a bank, public fund can be raised in various forms of savings/deposits then the bank distributes the funds raised again to the business sector or the other parties that need it in the form of credit provision. This study was based on the phenomenon of the less optimum banking credit provision shown by the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) whose level is still under what expected by Bank Indonesia. Thus, the purpose of this study was to find out and analyze the influence of banking intermediation function comprising capital adequacy ratio, net interest margin, non-performing loan, loan to deposit ratio, BOPO and total credit on the financial performance (return on asset) of the go-public exchange national private banks in Indonesia for the period of December 2006 to December 2010, and to find out and analyze the influence of financial performance (return on asset) on the stock price of the go-public exchange national private banks in Indonesia for the period of December 2006 to December 2010. The data used in this study were the secondary data in the form of financial reports. The data obtained were analyzed through multiple linear regression analysis. The hypothesis was statistically tested through F test and t test with level of significance of 5%. The result of F test showed that, simultaneously, the banking intermediation function comprising capital adequacy ratio, net interest margin, non-performing loan, loan to deposit ratio, BOPO and total credit had influence on the financial performance (return on asset/ROA) of the go-public exchange national private banks in Indonesia for the period of December 2006 to December 2010. Partially, the variables of net interest margin (NIM), BOPO and total credit had significant influence on the financial performance (return on asset/ROA) of the go-public exchange national private banks in Indonesia for the period of December 2006 to December 2010. The result of statistical test of the second hypothesis showed that return on asset (ROA) had a significant influence on the stock price of the go-public exchange national private banks in Indonesia for the period of December 2006 to December 2010 with level of significance of 5%.
Keywords: Banking Intermediation Function, Return on Asset (ROA), Stock Price
