CONFLICT BETWEEN THE TRADITIONAL AND MODERN CULTURES IN KHALED HOSSEINI’S A THOUSAND SPLENDID SUNS
NOVEL (2007): SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting the Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
PIPIN PUSPITASARI A 320080267
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
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MOTTO
Knowledge is valuable even it is not communicated (the writer).
Do not be satisfied by being the viewer of somebody’s successfulness. Be the
successful person (the writer).
Respect the process, not the result. Consider the fine final result as the bonus of the
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DEDICATION
Alhamdulillahi Robbil ‘Aalamiin
, as Allah Mercy, I gratefully dedicate this research
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb.
Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin, praise and gratitude for Allah SWT, the
Glorious, the Lord, and the Almighty, who has given the opportunity to the
researcher for finishing the research paper entitled “CONFLICT BETWEEN THE TRADITIONAL AND MODERN CULTURES IN KHALED HOSSEINI’S A THOUSAND SPLENDID SUNS NOVEL (2007):
SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH” as the requirement for getting bachelor degree of education in English Department of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
Peace be upon to Muhammad, the last messenger of Allah, who will be
hero for all his followers in the life after. The researcher realizes that this research
paper would never been possible without other people‟s help, so that the writer
would like to express her gratitude and appreciation to:
1. Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si., the Dean of the School of Teacher Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Titis Setyabudi, S.S., M.Hum., the Chief of English Department who has permitted her to conduct this paper,
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4. Titis Setyabudi, S.S., M.Hum., the second consultant, for being good consultant and giving the researcher suggestion in correcting this research
paper,
5. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed., for being a good examiner in order to make the research paper better,
6. All of the lecturers of English Department, for precious knowledge given to
him,
7. Her beloved parents, Ali Darokah and Fatmawati for the unconditional love, prayer, support, patience, care, all the sacrifices, and for everything,
8. Her beloved sisters: Ria Setyowati and Suci Wulandari, and brother: Ade Kurniawan for all the jokes, care, and support,
9. Her beloved nieces: Nasywa Yumna Maryam (Awa) and Aisyah Dzunnur Jannah (Ais), and nephew Fayzan Maheen Danish (Danish), for all the cheerfulness,
10. Her brothers in law: Yadi Akhmad Cahyadi and Oki Imam Ghozali, for the support,
11. Her beloved families for love and care,
12. Her best friend in de-Remponk; Dwi Jayanti Novi Puspita Ningsih (DJ Nuphy-Keroppi), Inggrit Prianasari (mbak Suk), and Nurmuaddatun Nikmah (Nur Em/Suketi), for the joy, laughter, and all of the times that had passed and will pass by in togetherness,
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14. Her friends in 94.2 RAPMA FM; especially for the „09 (Maryanto a.k.a Anto the black shaun de sheep, Savita Purwantoro a.k.a Adam Rendra Danusubrata a.k.a Atta, Bahar Moh. Arfanda, Iis Ambarsari, Imam Nur Prayogi, Salman Akhirudin, and so on), for the „entertainments‟,
15. Her lovely pets, the mini monkey: MIMO, the sugar gliders (Nitt, Nott, Nitt Jr, and Nott Jr), and all the rabbits, for the loves and kinships,
16. The members of Broensist drama group,
17. Her friends in thework field in SD Al-Azhar Syifa Budi Solo in 2011, 18. All of her friends in English Dept. students,
19. Last but not least, those who cannot be mentioned one by one, who have
supported her to reach her dreams.
Finally, the researcher realizes that this research paper is still far from
being perfect, so all suggestions and criticisms for improving this research are
accepted widely and happily. Hopefully, this research paper will be useful for the
readers and prospective researchers.
Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb.
Surakarta, 8 Maret 2013
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CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY ... 13
A. Sociology of Literature………. 13
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2. Cause of conflict………... 15
3. Type of conflict……….. 16
a. Based on the number of participant………. 16
1) Individual conflict……….. 16
2) Collective conflict……….. 16
b. Based on the position of conflict participants….. 16
1) Vertical conflict……….. 16
2) Horizontal conflict………. 17
4. Relation between conflict and violence………. 17
C. Culture... 18
1. The characteristics of the traditional and modern culture………... 19
D. Structural Elements of the Novel... 29
1. Character and characterization………... 29
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CHAPTER III: SOCIAL HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF AMERICAN
SOCIETY IN THE EARLY OF 21st
CHAPTER IV: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS………... 58
A. Structural Elements of the Novel………. 58
1. Character and characterization………... 58
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a) Internal conflict……… 104
b) External conflict………... 106
a. Grammatical structure………. 117
b. Sentence construction……….. 118
c. Diction………. 119
d. Figurative language………. 120
1) Personification………... 121
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CHAPTER V: SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS……….. 134
A. The representations and characteristics of the traditional and modern cultures……… 134
2. Activities (social practices)……… 145
a. Way of childbearing………. 145
g. Way of self-positioning………... 156
3. Artifacts………. 157
CHAPTER VI: CONCLUSION AND PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATION174 A. Conclusion………... 174
B. Pedagogical Implication……….. 175 BIBLIOGRAPHY
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SUMMARY
PIPIN PUSPITASARI. A 320080267. CONFLICT BETWEEN THE
TRADITIONAL AND MODERN CULTURES IN KHALED HOSSEINI’S A
THOUSAND SPLENDID SUNS NOVEL (2007): SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH.
RESEARCH PAPER. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2013.
The problems of the study are „what are the characteristics of the traditional and modern cultures represented in the novel?‟, „how is the conflict between the traditional and modern cultures described in the novel?‟, and „why did the author address the conflict between the traditional and modern cultures in the novel?‟
The objectives of the study are: to identify the characteristics of the traditional and modern cultures, to describe the type of conflict between traditional and modern cultures, and to reveal the underlying reason of the production of Khaled Hosseini‟s A Thousand Splendid Suns novel.
The research is qualitative. The primary data comes from the Khaled Hosseini‟s A Thousand Splendid Suns novel itself. The supportive data will be from data related to the study.
The conclusions of the study: firstly, the representations of the traditional and modern cultures are classified into five categories: ideas, activities (social practices), artifacts, symbols, and keywords. Secondly, the conflicts between the traditional and modern cultures are described by the conflicts which happen within the characters in A Thousand Splendid Suns novel. Thirdly, there is relation between the production of the novel and the social reality which is the openness of American society in allowing the authors from the third world to write about their homelands or to respond to the events which occur in it.
