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KAJIAN TINGKAT BAHAYA EROSI (TBE)
PADALAHANPERKEBUNAN DI HULUDAS BATANG PANE KABUPATENPADANG LAWAS UTARA
ABSTRAK
Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Batang Pane berada di Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara dengan luas sungai 1,839.2 Km², dengan topografi bergunung (70.58%), berbukit (35.15%) dan landai (20.28%). Curah hujan relatif tinggi 2413 mm/thn. Penggunaan lahan di hulu DAS yang seharusnya merupakan kawasan konservasi berubah menjadi kawasan perkebunan dan pertanian, sehingga dapat menyebabkan terjadinya erosi dan banjir.
Penelitianinidilaksanakanpadabulan September hinggaDesember 2013 di hulu DAS Batang Pane di Kecamatan Padang Bolak.Penelitianini menggunakanmetodedeskriptifeksploratifdananalisisstatistik.Penentuan
besarnyaerosimenggunakanmetode prediksi USLE danmetodepetakkecil. Tingkat Bahaya Erosi (TBE) ditentukan oleh 5 (lima) faktor, intensitas hujan (R); erodibilitas tanah (K); bentuk lahan (LS); vegetasi (C); dan pengelolaan tanah (P).
Hasilpenelitianmenunjukkannilaierosipada perkebunan kelapa sawit 10.35 ton/ha.thn, perkebunan karet 10.5 ton/ha.thn dan perkebunan cokelat 8.8 ton/ha.thn. Erosi yang ditoleransi pada ketiga penggunaan lahan berkisar antara 19.94 ton/ha.thn sampai 26.76 ton/ha.thn. Tingkat Bahaya Erosi (TBE) pada ketiga jenis penggunaan lahan dengan kriteria rendah. Dari penelitian dapat
disimpulkan bahwahulu DAS Batang Pane memilikipotensidankelayakanuntukdikembangkansebagaikawasanpenelitiandanpe
mantauanbesarnyaerosi, sebagaibahanpertimbanganutamadalam proses perencanaanpengelolaanperkebunan yang terencanasehinggakelestarian hulu DAS Batang Pane dapatbenar-benarterjaga.
Kata Kunci: DAS Batang Pane, JenisPenggunaanLahan, TeknikKonservasiTanah dan Air, Tingkat BahayaErosi
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EROSION HAZARD ASSESSMENT ON PLANTATION LAND IN THE UPSTREAM WATERSHED BATANG PANE OF
DISTRICT PADANG LAWAS UTARA
ABSTRACT
The Upstream Watershed Batang Pane is located in Padang Lawas Utara District with 1,839.2 km² of area, the topography area rather mountainous (70.58%), hilly (35.13%), and flat (20.28%). The rainfall is high with average 2413 mm/year. The upstream watershed should form a conservation area, it became plantation and agriculture area, which can lead to erosion and flooding.
The research was conducted in September until December 2013 in the upstream watershed Batang Pane in Padang Bolak District. The research carried out by using descriptive exploratory survey method and statistical analysis method. The determination amount of erosion by using USLE prediction equation and small plots method. The amount of erosion is determined by five factors, rain intensity (R); soil erodibility (K); landforms (LS); vegetation (C); and land management (P).
The results showed the amount of erosion in palm oil plantation is about 10.35 tons/ha.yr; in rubber plantation 10.5 tons/ha.yr; and in cocoa plantation 8.8 tons/ha.yr. Erosion averaging is allowed on 3 types of land uses between 19.94 tons/ha.yr and 26.76 tons/ha.yr. The erosion hazard level on 3 types of land uses is low. The research concluded that the upstreamwatershed Batang Pane have the potential and feasibility to be developed as aresearch area and monitoring the amount of erosion, the main consideration in plantation management planning process, thus ensuring the sustainability of upstream watershed Batang Pane can be maintained.
Keywords : The Upper Region Watershed Batang Pane, Type of Land Use, Soil and Water Conservation Method, Erosion Hazard Level.
