ABSTRAK
Penelitian mengenai ”Studi Keanekaragaman Bivalvia di Perairan Tanjungbalai Provinsi Sumatera Utara” telah dilakukan pada bulan Oktober
sampai dengan November 2016. Pengambilan sampel bivalvia dilakukan pada 3
stasiun dengan 3 kali pengulangan.
Hasil penelitian didapatkan bivalvia sebanyak 2393 individu terdiri dari 6
famili dan 14 spesies. Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) tertinggi sebesar 48,371 % pada
jenis Meretrix meretrix dan terendah sebesar 1,730 % pada jenis Calista erycina.
Kelimpahan bivalvia dari hasil penelitian berkisar 72-110 individu/m2. Indeks
Keanekeragaman (H’) dari hasil penelitian berkisar 0,980-1,926 tergolong rendah
ke sedang, Dominansi (C) berkisar 0,169-0,467 dan Keseragaman (E) berkisar
0,609-0,803.
Hasil pengukuran parameter fisika kimia perairan masih berada pada
ambang batas yang layak untuk kehidupan bivalvia. Nilai korelasi bernilai negatif
didapatkan pada parameter suhu, kecerahan, pH, DO, salinitas dan nitrit yang
artinya hubungan kedua variabel tidak searah (berlawanan), sedangkan nilai
korelasi bernilai positif didapatkan pada parameter kedalaman, fosfat dan bahan
orgainik yang artinya hubungan kedua variabel searah.
Kata kunci : Indeks Keanekeragaman, Bivalvia, Perairan Tanjungbalai
ABSTRACT
Research on "Study of Bivalve Diversity in Tanjungbalai Waters of North
Sumatra Province" was conducted from October to November 2016. The samples
was taken from 3 stations with repeating 3 times.
The results of the research was found as many as 2393 individuals
consisting of 6 families and 14 species. The highest Importance Value Index (IVI)
is 48.371% was found in Meretrix meretrix and the lowest is 1,730% was found in
Calista erycina. Bivalve abundance of the research results ranged from 72 to 110
individuals/m2. The diversity index (H') of the research ranged from 0.980 to
1.926 was rated low to medium, the dominant index (C) ranged from 0.169 to
0.467 and evenness index (E) ranged from 0.609 to 0.803.
The results of the measurement of the physical and chemical parameters of
waters are still at a reasonable threshold for bivalves living. Negative correlation
value was found on parameters of temperature, brightness, pH, DO, salinity and
nitrite which means the relationship between two variables is not in the opposite
direction, whereas positive value correlation whereas on environmental
parameters depth, phosphate and orgainic material which means the relationship
between two variables is unidirectional.
Key word : diversity index, Bivalve, Tanjungbalai Waters
