i
POLITENESS STRATEGIES OF THE REQUEST FOUND
IN
MIRROR-MIRROR: SNOW WHITE
MOVIE (2012)
Submitted to Fulfil of One the Requirement
For Completion of Graduate Degree in Language Education
A THESIS
A Thesis
By
Heri Cahyono Putro
S200110055
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
GRADUATE PROGRAM
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
v ABSTRACT
HERI CAHYONO PUTRO. S200110055. POLITENESS STRATEGIES OF
THE REQUEST FOUND IN MIRROR-MIRROR: SNOW WHITE
MOVIE.Thesis. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta 2015.
Politeness is closed with interaction among the people. It is usually also call “polite social behaviour” or etiquette, within a culture. It means that politeness is cannot be same each country or place. This study is focused on politeness strategy of request, because it is the based on the social relationship communication. This research investigates the politeness strategies of the requests found in Mirror-Mirror: Snow White Movie. Descriptive qualitative research used by method’s researcher. The data source of this research form scripts of the movie. The researcher used techniques in collecting data by documentation. Then, the researcher was coding the data of his research. The data of politeness strategies used by three groups were coded with serial number, types of politeness strategies, pragmalinguistic features, and the factors contribute to choosing politeness strategies.
The results are four types of politeness strategies, they are bald on record, positive politeness, negative politeness and off record. The pragmalinguistic features of request consist of internal modification and external modifications. The factors contribute in choosing politeness strategies are consist of the payoffs as a priori consideration and the circumtances as sociological variables.
Key words:Politeness strategies, Request, Pragmalinguistic
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His beloved Father and Mother
His Special one;
Shennthurtu/Nanongtu/Cebongtu/
Yuppytu/Pimbemtu/Nur Rohmawati
All of his friends
(Febby, Ferry, Pak Trisno Solo,
Mas Agung, Mas Luthfi, Bu Wiwik
and the others)
His beloved lectures
(Mom Endang Fauziati, Mr. Anam
Sutopo, Mrs. Agustina, and the
others)
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillahirobil’alamin, the researcher says thanks to Allah SWT for the merciful and blessing in order that the researcher can finish this thesis from the first up to the last.
It has been realized by the researcher that this writing would never been completed comprehensively without any help from others, and actually many people have contributed spiritually or physically for this thesis. The researcher would like to express the deepest gratitude and an appreciation to:
1. Prof. Dr. Khudzaifah Dimyati, SH., M.Hum, as the director of Graduate Program of Muhamammadiyah University of Surakarta
2. Prof. Dr. Markhamah, M. Hum, the head of Magister Language Study of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta who have given her a chance to write this thesis.
3. Prof. Dr. Endang Fauziati, M. Hum, The First Advisor, for her careful guidance, support, suggestion, corrections and advice, which has helped the writer to shape up this work.
4. Dr. Anam Sutopo, M. Hum., the Second Advisor, for her careful guidance and advice, which has helped the writer to shape up this work.
5. His beloved father (Nur Hariyadi Pamungkas) and mother (Sulastri), who always gives his the support and pray to the researcher to finish this thesis. 6. His Special One, Nur Rohmawati who always give her supports, her prays, her
loves which has helped the writer to shape up this study.
7. His beloved brother (Haris Setiyawan) who teach me English with patience.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE... i
NOTE OF ADVISOR I ... ii
NOTE OF ADVISOR II... iii
ABSTRACT ... iv
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ... vi
PRONOUNCEMENT ... v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... xi
LIST OF APPENDICES ... xii
LIST OF TABLE ... xiii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ... 1
A. Background of the Research ... 1
B. The Limitation of the Problem ... 8
C. Problem of the Research ... 8
D. Objective of the Research ... 9
E. Benefits of the research ... 9
F. Scope of the Research ... 10
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED THEORY ... 11
A. Previous Study on Request ... 11
B. Underlying Theory... 24
1. Notion of Politeness ... 25
2. Politeness strategy ... 27
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a. Positive Face ... 28
b. Negative Politeness ... 29
3. Types of Politeness Strategy ... 34
a. Bald on Record ... 34
b. Positive Politeness ... 36
c. Negative Politeness ... 40
d. Off record ... 43
4. Factors Influencing the Choice of politeness Startegies ... 46
a. The payoffs: A priori consideration ... 47
b. The circumtances: Sociological variables ... 48
c. The intergration of assessment of payoffs and weighting of risk in the choice of strategies ... 51
5. Pragmalinguistic ... 52
6. Pragmalinguistics Features of Request ... 55
a. Internal Modification... 56
b. External Modification ... 60
7. Request Strategy ... 64
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ... 69
xii
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION ... 74
A. Research Finding ... 74
1. Types of Politeness Strategy in Request ... 74
a. Bald on Record ... 75
b. Positive Politeness... 80
c. Negative Politeness ... 85
d. Off Record ... 89
2. Pragmalinguistic Features Used by the Characters ... 95
a. Internal Modification ... 96
b. External Modification ... 101
3. The Factors Contribute in Choosing Politeness Strategy ... 105
a. The Payoffs: A priori consideration ... 106
b. The Circumtances: Sociological variables ... 113
B. Discussions ... 117
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATION AND SUGGESTION ... 120
A. Conclusion ... 121
B. Pedagogical Implication ... 123
C. Suggestion ... 124 BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
xiii
LIST OF APPENDICES
1. Transcript Mirror Mrirror: Snow White Movie ... Appendix 1 2. Types of Politeness Strategies ... Appendix 2 3. Pragmalinguistic Features ... Appendix 3 4. The Factors Contribute of Choosing Politeness Strategy ... Appendix 4
xiv
LIST OF TABLE
1. Table.II.1: Politeness Strategy by Brown and Levinson ... 33
2. Table I1.2: Request Strategy Types ... 66
3. Table IV.1: Bald on Record Strategies ... 80
4. Table IV.2: Positive Politeness Strategies ... 85
5. Table IV.3: Negative Politeness Strategies ... 89
6. Table IV.4: Off Record Strategies ... 93
7. Table IV.5: The Result of Politeness Strategies ... 93
8. Table IV.6: The Result of Pragmalinguistic Features ... 105
9. Table IV.7: The Factors of Contribute in Choosing Politeness ... 117
