Chapter 03
2
What is Culture?
Organizational culture:
the set of shared values and norms that controls organizational members’
Levels of Corporate Culture
Observable Symbols
Ceremonies, Stories, Slogans, Behaviors, Dress,
Physical Settings
Underlying Values,
4
How Employee Learn a Culture
Culture is transmitted to employees in a
number of forms:
How Employee Learn a Culture
Culture is transmitted to employees in a
number of forms, the most potent being :
Stories
• Are narratives based on true events that are
6
How Employee Learn a Culture
Culture is transmitted to employees in a number of forms, the most potent being :
Stories
• For example :
How Employee Learn a Culture
Culture is transmitted to employees in a
number of forms, the most potent being
:
Symbols
8
Organizational Chart for Nordstrom
Board of Directors Board of Directors
Store Mgrs, Buyers, Merch Mgrs Store Mgrs, Buyers, Merch Mgrs
Dept Managers Dept Managers Sales & Sales Support Sales & Sales Support Customers
How Employee Learn a Culture
Culture is transmitted to employees in a
number of forms :
Language
• Many companies uses specific saying or other form of language to convey special meaning to employees.
• Averitt Express’s motto, our driving force is people,”applies to both employees and
10
How Employee Learn a Culture
Culture is transmitted to employees in a
number of forms :
Rituals
• Repetitive sequences of activities that express and reinforce the key values of the
Relationship of Environment and Strategy to
Corporate Culture
Needs of the Environment
S
us AdaptabilityCulture(Innovation,
Risk taking. E.g Amazon.com)
Clan Culture
(Participation
Org members: high Commitment and performance)
Bureaucratic Culture
(Highly integrated And efficiency)
Mission Culture
(Achievement of Goals: sales, growth)
Flexibility External
Internal
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Organizational Design and Culture
Adaptability Culture
Characterized by strategic focus on the external environment through flexibility and change to meet customer needs.
It actively create change
Innovation, creativity and risk taking are valued and rewarded.
Most e-commerce company such as Amazon.com as
Organizational Design and Culture
Mission Culture
Organization concerned with specific customer in the external environment, but with out the need for rapid change.
Characterized by emphasis on a clear vision of the organization’s purpose and on the achievement of goals, such as sales growth, profitability or market share.
Individual employees may be responsible for a
14
Organizational Design and Culture
Clan Culture
Primary focus on the involvement and participation of the organization’s members and on rapidly changing expectations from the external environment.
This culture focuses on the needs of employees as the route to high performance, greater commitment to the organization.
Organizational Design and Culture
Bureaucratic Culture
Has an internal focus and consistency orientation for a stable environment.
Personal involvement is somewhat lower here.
Social Structure
In Western societies, there is a focus on the individual
individual achievement is common dynamism of the U.S. economy
high level of entrepreneurship
But, creates a lack of company loyalty
competition between individuals in a company instead of than team building
An
Achievement-Success
Nilai-nilai Inti Orang Amerika
Kemajuan
Orang AS memberikan respon yg baik thd janji kemajuan dan kesediaannya menerima kemajuan berhubungan erat dgn nilai inti lainnya seperti
prestasi, sukses, efisiensi dan kepraktisan. Implikasi pemasaran : Orang AS bersedia menerima berbagai pernyataan produk yg
Progress
is a
Social Structure
In many Asian societies, the group is
the primary unit of social organization
Nonverbal Communications Signals
Considered rude in Asian cultures to refuse someone’s request, so an Asian business
person may not give a direct “no” answer to a sales request
Shaking the head “side to side” means “no” to North Americans but “yes” to Bulgarians.
Introduction to Business 22
Technology’s Influence
Technology’s Influence
on Business
on Business
Technology refers to the tools and machines people have invented to make life easier.
Modern Technology
Modern Technology
In the past 50 years, electronics revolutionized business and society.
There is a never-ending demand to make electronic goods smaller, faster, cheaper, and more powerful.
Computers can store thousands of files electronically, saving time and office space.
Introduction to Business 24
E-Workforce
E-Workforce
E-workforce is when people work with
computers while doing business.
Employment
Employment
Technology makes people work easier and faster.
Introduction to Business 26
Digital Workflow
Digital Workflow
Placing hard copies of documents on a digital
platform, like CD-ROMs or a database, has had a great influence on the efficient use of time.
By switching information to a digital format, there is less paper involved.
New Jobs
New Jobs
Introduction to Business 28
Virtual Business
Virtual Business
The ease of doing business online has created a boom in new businesses, or start-ups.
This type of business is called a virtual business.
Universities, colleges, and community centers offer technical training or degrees for people interested in expanding their technology skills.
E-Commerce
E-Commerce
Electronic commerce, or e-commerce, has made it possible for businesses to directly reach customers anywhere in the world.
Introduction to Business 30
E-Ticket
E-Ticket
Using their computers, people can now purchase e-tickets, or electronic tickets.
Regulation
Regulation
Government rules promote
and regulate the actions of
How Government Affects
How Government Affects
Business
Business
To promote economic growth, local,
state, and national governments pass
laws to both promote and regulate
Government as Regulator
Government as Regulator
The four aspects of the economy that the government regulates are:
1. Protecting competition
2. Protecting business agreements 3. Protecting creative properties
Protecting Competition
Protecting Competition
An oligopoly is when a small number of
companies control the market without actually forming a trust.
Protecting Competition
Protecting Competition
Rival companies can form a monopoly by
banding together into a trust and agreeing not to compete with each other.
Protecting Creative Properties
Protecting Creative Properties
•A copyright gives artists the sole right to own their creations, such as plays, photos, music, paintings, and books.
Protecting Creative Properties
Protecting Creative Properties
A trademark is a brand name, trade name,
trade characteristic, or a combination of these that is given legal protection by the federal
Regulating the Production
Regulating the Production
Process
Process
The government tries to stop industrial pollutants with regulations.
These regulations limit the amount of wastes that factories can discharge into the
Providing Public Services
Providing Public Services
Government as Provider
Government as Provider
People pay for government-provided goods and services through taxes.
Government as Provider
Government as Provider
•Government spending decisions directly affect how resources are allocated.
•Government spending influences the
distribution of income, or the way in which income is allocated among families,
Providing Public Services
Providing Public Services
•Many of the services the government provides are necessary for the protection of the public. •Other services promote social welfare.
•To pay for services, the government has to raise money.
Providing Public Services
Providing Public Services
Graphic Organizer
Services the Government Provides
Services the Government Provides
Providing Work
Providing Work
•The government is the single largest employer in the country. •The federal government employs over three million people. •For people temporarily out of work, the government provides unemployment insurance.
•The government provides welfare benefits and job training programs.
•Social Security provides insurance by taking a certain amount of money out of your paycheck and setting it aside for your
