S I T U S K A M P U N G T U A K A O :
I d e n t i t a s A s a l U s u l d a n J e j a k P e r a d a b a n I s l a m
d i W i l a y a h P e d a l a m a n H a l m a h e r a U t a r a
O L D S E T T L E M E N T S I T E I N K A O :
T h e O r i g i n I d e n t i t y a n d T r a c e s o f I s l a m i c C i v i l i z a t i o n
i n T h e H i n t e r l a n d o f N o r t h H a l m a h e r a
W u r i H a n d o k o d a n M u h a m m a d A l M u j a b u d d a w a t
B a l a i A r k e o l o g i M a l u k u
J l . N a m a l a t u - L a t u h a l a t , A m b o n 9 7 1 1 8
e - m a i l : w u r i _ b a l a r a m b o n @ y a h o o . c o m
,
m u j a b @ k e m d i k b u d . g o . i d
. askah d it erim a tanggal: 12-9-2017, d isetu ju i tan ggal: 28-9-2017
A b s t r a c t : T a na h K a o a s p a rt of T e rn a t e ’s I s la m ic ru le is no t m e n t ion e d in m a ny his t oric a l lit e ra t ure s w hic h is d om ina t e d by s ourc e s a b out T ob e lo in re la t ion to t he his t ory of H ib ua la m o a n d t h e Moro K in g d om . H ow e v e r, b a s e d on t h e p e o p le ’s folk lo re , it is s a id t h a t t h e id e n t it y of t h e orig in of Nort h H a lm a he ra c o m m un it y d e riv e s from T e la g a L in a in T a n a h K a o. B a s e d on t h e fo lk lore , t h is re s e a rc h w a s c on d u c t e d in t h e K a m p u ng T u a K a o ( O ld S e t t le m e n t S it e in K a o) . T h is re s e a rc h re v e a ls t h e id e n t it y of t h e p e o p le w h o in ha b it t h e K a m p u ng T u a K a o a n d t h e t ra c e s of I s la m ic c iv iliz a t io n on K a m p u ng T u a K a o b y u s ing lit e ra t u re s t u d y , fie ld s urv e y , a nd a rc ha e olog ica l e x ca v a t ion. B a s e d on t he re s ult s of lit e ra t ure s t udie s a nd pre v ious re s e a rc h t he re a re t h e orie s t h a t e x p la in t h e id e n t it y of t h e o rig in o f t h e K a o p e o p le b ut e n t ire ly d e riv e d fro m T e la g a L in a in t h e T a n a h K a o. B a s e d on a rc h a e olog ic a l s urv e y a nd e x c a v a t ion in t h e K a m p u ng T u a K a o, it w a s fou nd a nu m b e r of a rc ha e o lo g ic a l re m a ins in t h e fo rm of a rt ifa c t s a nd fe a t u re s . T h e re m a in ing a rt ifa c t s w e re fou n d in v a riou s fra g m e n t s of e a rt he n w a re a n d fore ig n c e ra m ic s , w h ile t he re m a inin g fe a t u re s e n c ou nt e re d in c lu d ing a n um b e r o f a n c ie n t t o m bs , g ra v e t o m b s , lut u r, a n d m os q u e p ole s . B a s e d o n t he s e d a t a , t h is s t u d y p ro v e s t he e x is t e n c e o f t he Mus lim c om m un it y w h o h a s liv e d a nd in h a b it e d t he K a m p u n g T u a K a o in t h e p a s t a n d t h e re a r e v a r io u s c u lt u r a l in t e ra c t i o n s w it h in t h e c o m m u n it y .
K e y w o r d s : A rc ha e o lo g y , I s la m ic c iv iliz a t ion , old s e t t le m e n t , K a o, No rt h H a lm a he ra
G a m b a r 1 L ok a s i Ta n a h K a o
P E N D A H U L U A N
W ila y a h K e c a m a t a n K a o y a n g d is e b u t d e n g a n
T a n a h K a o m e r u p a k a n b a g i a n d a r i w i l a y a h
K a b u p a t e n H a lm a h e r a U t a r a , y a n g b e r ib u k ot a
d i To b e l o d a n d ik e n a l d e n g a n s e b u t a n B u m i
H ib u a la m o ( Na p in g , 2 0 1 3 ) . Ta n a h K a o d a la m
b e r b a g a i l i t e r a t u r s e j a r a h I s l a m d i b u m i
H a lm a h e ra U t a ra s e la m a in i t a m p a k n y a d ib a h a s
d a l a m p o r s i y a n g t e r b a t a s d a n t i d a k u t u h
s e b a g a i b a g ia n d a r i p e n e lu s u r a n s e j a r a h y a n g
l e n g k a p d a la m h i s t o r i o g r a f i l o k a l d i w i l a y a h
H a lm a h e ra U t a ra . S e la m a in i p e n u lis a n t e n t a n g
s e j a r a h d a n b u d a y a d i T a n a h K a o d a n
h u b u n g a n ny a d e n g a n k e k u a s a a n I s la m Te rn a t e ,
d it u lis m e n j a d i b a g ia n d a ri K e ra j a a n Moro d a n
Tob e lo y a n g le b ih p op u le r. Me ny a n g k u t w ila y a h
Tob e lo, b a ny a k s u m b e r m e n u lis k a n b a h w a s u k u
b a n g s a To b e lo m e r u p a k a n s u k u b a n g s a y a n g
b a n y a k d ij u m p a i d i s e j u m la h w i la y a h k a r e n a
a d a ny a p ros e s m ig ra s i y a n g lu a s . O ra n g Tob e lo
d ij u m p a i d i s e k it a r Te lu k K a o, b a g ia n u t a ra Pu la u
Mo r o t a i , d i d a e r a h W e d a , Ma b a , d a n G a n e ,
K e p u la u a n B a c a n , b a h k a n d i Pu la u O b i ( Na p in g ,
2 0 1 3 ) . S e d a n g k a n s u k u y a n g b e ra g a m a I s la m
y a it u Pa g u , Tololik u , d a n Mod ole t in g g a l k e a ra h
pe da la m a n K a o. Na m un, j ik a be rda s a rk a n s e j a ra h
t e r b e n t u k n y a k o m u n it a s d i H a lm a h e r a U t a r a ,
m a k a p os is i Ta n a h K a o s a n g a t p e n t in g k a re n a
d a r i w i la y a h in ila h s e s u n g g u h n y a c ik a l b a k a l
t u m b u h d a n m e n y e b a r n y a k o m u n i t a s d i
H a l m a h e r a U t a r a . A s a l k o m u n i t a s p e n d u d u k
H a lm a h e ra U t a ra b e ra s a l d a ri Te la g a L in a , y a n g
t e r l e t a k d i d a r a t a n T a n a h K a o . K u r a n g n y a
in form a s i y a n g u t u h t e n t a n g w ila y a h Ta n a h K a o
d a p a t d ip a h a m i m e n g in g a t m in im n y a s u m b e r
s e j a r a h y a n g m e n u lis k a n t e n t a n g Ta n a h K a o.
B e b e r a p a s u m b e r s e j a r a h m e n u l i s k a n a t a u
m e m b e r i in f o r m a s i t e n t a n g K a o s e k a d a r n y a .
C a t a t a n t e n t a n g s e j a ra h H a lm a h e ra le b ih b a n y a k
d id o m in a s i o le h s u m b e r - s u m b e r s e j a r a h y a n g
m e n y e b u t t e n t a n g T o b e l o d a l a m k a i t a n n y a
d e n g a n s e j a ra h H ib u a la m o d a n K e ra j a a n Moro .
P a d a b e b e r a p a l i t e r a t u r, p e n e l i t i l e b i h
b a ny a k m e n g a n g k a t Tob e lo y a n g s a n g a t ide n t ik
d e n g a n k a w a s a n j a z ir a h H a lm a h e ra U t a r a d a n
m e n g h u b u n g k a n n y a d e n g a n Te la g a L in a y a n g
s e c a ra g e og ra fis b e ra d a d i w ila y a h K a o. Te rle p a s
da ri pe nu lis a n s e j a ra h y a n g a da , d a la m pe rs p e k t if
a rk e olog i j u s t ru t e rlih a t b u k t i y a n g v a lid t e n t a n g
p e r a n d a n k e d u d u k a n K a o d a l a m k o n t e k s
s e j a r a h p e r a d a b a n I s l a m d a n j a r i n g a n p e r
-d a g a n g a n -d i w ila y a h H a lm a h e ra U t a ra -d e n g a n
w ila y a h la in n y a t a n p a m e n a fik a n p e r a n w ila y a h
la in ny a s e p e r t i Tob e lo d a n G a le la d a la m k on t e k s
e k s is t e n s i K e r a j a a n Moro.
m a k a m , lu t ur, d a n u m p a k - u m p a k m a s j id . B e rd a s a rk a n d a t a - d a t a t e rs e b u t , p e n e lit ia n in i m e m b u k t ik a n k e b e ra d a a n k o m un it a s m u s lim p e rn a h h id u p d a n m e n d ia m i s it u s K a m p u ng T u a K a o d i m a s a la lu d a n t e rj a d i b e rb a g a i in t e ra k s i b u d a y a d i d a la m k om u nit a s t e rs e b u t .
G a m b a r 2 S e b a ra n T in g g a la n A rk e olog is d i S it u s K a m p u n g Tu a K a o Te ru t a m a d a la m lin t a s a n j a rin g a n I s la m is a s i d a n
p e rk e m b a n g a n p e ra d a b a n p a d a p ra - I s la m , m a s a
I s la m , d a n s e t e la h n y a . Te rle t a k d i p e r t e m u a n
s u n g a i A k e J o d o d a n A k e N g o a li, d i w i la y a h
p e d a la m a n K a o y a n g s e k a ra n g d it e m u k a n b u k t
i-b u k t i a rk e olo g i i-b e r u p a p e r m u k im a n k u n o d a n
d a t a - d a t a p e n d u k u n g n y a . J e j e r a n m a k a m
-m a k a -m k u n o, s e b a ra n a r t e fa k - a rt e fa k k u n o, d a n
la n s k a p p e rm u k im a n m a s a la m p a u m e m p e rk u a t
d u g a a n b a h w a s i t u s i t u m e n j a d i f a k t a b e r
-l a n g s u n g n y a p e r a d a b a n y a n g c u k u p m a j u .
S e b u a h p e d a l a m a n t e r p e n c i l d a l a m l a n s k a p
s u n g a i, d a r a t a n d e n g a n d a t a ra n y a n g lu a s , s e rt a
l a h a n - l a h a n b a s a h h u t a n s a g u , o r a n g - o r a n g
m e m ilih lok a s i u n t u k b e rm u k im d e n g a n s e g a la
a k t iv it a s y a n g m e n g ik u t in y a d i s a n a . S u n g a i A k e
J od o y a n g m e m a n j a n g b e rk e lok d a r i m u a ra d i
p e s is ir K a o s e k a ra n g a d a la h p in t u m a s u k b a g i
pa ra m ig ra n da n pe da g a n g a s ing un tuk m e m a s u k i
w i l a y a h i t u . B e b e r a p a d i a n t a r a n y a j u g a
d ip e rk ira k a n m e la lu i d a ra t a n lu a s , y a n g t e rle t a k
d i s e b e la h b a ra t K a o s e k a ra n g .
Pa da lok a s i pe rm uk im a n k un o a t a u K a o L a m a
in i t e rs e b a r m a k a m - m a k a m k u n o d e n g a n j u m la h
b e s a r p a d a a r e a l y a n g t e r m a s u k w i l a y a h
perm uk im an. Na m un, tidak se m ua m ak a m - m a k a m
t e r s e b u t d a p a t d iide n t ifik a s i m e n g in g a t b e n t u k
d a n k a r a k t e r m a k a m y a n g t id a k b is a d ik e n a li
la g i a k ib a t s e b a g ia n a d a y a n g s u d a h t e rt a n a m
G a m b a r 3 R a g a m B e n t uk Nis a n Ma k a m d i S it u s K a m p u ng Tu a K a o
G a m b a r 4 Ma k a m S y e k h A l Ma ns y u r d a n Mu rid n y a
d e m ik ia n , b e b e ra p a m a k a m d a p a t d iide n t ifik a s i
s e c a r a k h u s u s k a r e n a b e n t u k j i r a t a t a u p u n
n i s a n n y a y a n g s p e s i f i k s e h i n g g a d a p a t
m e m b e d a k a n n y a d e n g a n b e n t u k j ira t d a n n is a n
m a k a m la in n y a .
n y e b u t lok a s i m a k a m s e b a g a i S it u s G a m s u n g i.
S e la in s it u s m a k a m t e rs e b u t , d i s e b e r a n g s u n g a i
d it e m u k a n k om p le k s m a k a m d e n g a n k u a n t it a s
b a n y a k d a n t e r s e b a r d i d a e ra h a t a u d i b a n t a ra n
S u n g a i K a la k a t a u A k e Ng oa li y a n g m e ru p a k a n
p e r c a b a n g a n d e n g a n s u n g a i A k e j o d o . P a d a
t e n g a h p e r c a b a n g a n S u n g a i A k e j o d o d a n A ir
K a la k in ila h s it u s p e rm u k im a n k a m p u n g t u a K a o
be ra da . Pe rm uk im a n da n s e ba ra n m a k a m - m a k a m
b e ra d a d i s e p a n j a n g t e p ia n a t a u b a n t a ra n s u n g a i
d i a t a s p e rm u k a a n t a n a h d e n g a n k on t u r t a n a h
y a n g v a r ia t if ( T i m P e n e lit ia n , 2 0 1 4 ; H a n d o k o
d k k ., 2 0 1 6 ; H a n d ok o, 2 0 1 7 ) .
Pa d a u m u m n y a b e n t u k m a k a m y a k n i j ir a t
d a n n is a n n y a m e ru p a k a n b e n t u k m a k a m y a n g
s e d e r h a n a , s e p e r t i b e n t u k j ir a t s u s u n a n b a t u
d a n n is a n b e ru p a n is a n - n is a n m a s if b e r u p a b a t u
m e nhir da la m be rba g a i u k ura n. Na m un, be be ra pa
n is a n j u g a m e m p e rlih a t k a n b e n t u k y a n g le b ih
k om p le k s b a ik d a r i s e g i p e n g e rj a a n ( p a h a t a n ) ,
m a u p u n b e n t u k , u k ir a n , d a n t ip olog in y a . S it u s
m a k a m y a ng pa ling pop ule r a da la h Ma k a m S y e k h
Ma n s y u r y a n g d ip e rc a y a s e b a g a i p e n y ia r I s la m
p e rt a m a d i w ila y a h t e rs e b u t . S e la in s it u s m a k a m
S y e k h A l Ma n s y u r d i p e d a la m a n D e s a K a o y a n g
b e rb a t a s a n d e n g a n D e s a Pop on , j u g a t e r d a p a t
k om p le k s m a k a m is t ri S y e k h A l Ma n s y u r b e s e rt a
k e ra b a t y a n g t e rle t a k 3 5 0 m e t e r s e b e la h u t a ra
d a ri m a k a m S y e k h A l Ma n s y u r. Pa d a k om p le k s
t e r s e b u t s e la in m a k a m I s t ri S y e k h A l Ma n s y u r,
t e rd a p a t p u la s e m b ila n m a k a m , y a k n i m a k a m
k e r a b a t a t a u p e n g i k u t n y a . Ma s y a r a k a t m e
-K e d a t a n g a n I s la m m e n im b u lk a n p e n g a ru h
e k on om i y a ng c u k u p b e s a r t e r h a d a p p u la u - p u la u
d i w i l a y a h Ma l u k u U t a r a , t e r m a s u k w i l a y a h
H a l m a h e r a U t a r a . P e n y e b a r a n I s l a m e r a t
h u b u n g a n n y a d e n g a n p e r k e m b a n g a n p e r d a
-g a n -g a n in t e rn a s ion a l. H a l in i t e rliha t b a -g a im a n a
p e rk e m b a n g a n p os - p os p e rd a g a n g a n d i Te rn a t e ,
G a le la , d a n K a o. Pos is i K a o b e rd a s a rk a n p e n e
-lit ia n in i m e n e m p a t i p os is i y a n g s a n g a t p e n t in g
b a g i p e r k e m b a n g a n p e r a d a b a n I s l a m , b a i k
h u b u n g a n n y a d e n g a n k e k u a s a a n T e r n a t e
m a u p u n p o s i s i w i l a y a h K a o s e n d i r i d a l a m
p e rk e m ba ng a n I s la m d i j a z ira h H a lm a h e ra Ut a ra .
B u k t i - b u k t i a r k e o l o g i s d i K a m p u n g T u a K a o
m e n j e la s k a n b a h w a t a n a h K a o m e ru p a k a n s a la h
G a m b a r 6 D ia g ra m I d e n t ifik a s i Pe ro le h a n A rt e fa k K e ra m ik d i S it u s K a m p u ng Tu a K a o
s e j a ra h d a n a r k e olog i y a n g d it e m u k a n d i s a n a
m e n j a d i t a n d a b a h w a Ta n a h K a o s a n g a t p e n t in g
d i m a t a Te rn a t e . S e la in s e b a g a i p e m a s ok b a h a n
k e b u t u h a n p ok ok k e Te rn a t e , d ip e rk ira k a n K a o
m e n j a d i w ila y a h k on s olid a s i p e n y e b a ra n I s la m
d i H a lm a h e ra U t a ra .
B u k t i - b u k t i a r k e o l o g i d a n e t n o g r a f i d i
w ila y a h Ta n a h K a o m e n j a d i b u k t i p e rk e m b a n g a n
pe ra da ba n I s la m d i Ha lm a he ra Ut a ra y a ng s e la m a
in i t id a k t e r u n g k a p d i p e r m u k a a n . B a g a im a n a
p e n g a r u h b u d a y a d a r i l u a r y a n g m a s u k k e
w ila y a h K a o m e n g a la m i p r o s e s a s im il a s i d a n
a k u lt u ra s i d e n g a n b u d a y a lok a l j u g a m e r u p a k a n
m e d a n p e n e l i t i a n y a n g s e l a m a i n i b e l u m
t e r g a r a p . B u k t i- b u k t i a r k e o l o g i la i n n y a y a n g
d i t e m u k a n d i a n t a r a n y a ia la h a l a t p e r m a in a n
g a c u k , y a it u t e m b ik a r b e r w a r n a m e r a h , b e r
-b e n t u k -b u n d a r p ip ih , s e la m a in i d ik e n a l s e -b a g a i
p e rm a in a n a n a k - a n a k d i Pu la u J a w a . Te m u a n d i
w ila y a h p e d a la m a n K a o m e n j a d i b uk t i in t e n s it a s
h u b u n g a n J a w a d a n H a l m a h e r a U t a r a , b a i k
d a l a m j a r i n g a n n i a g a m a u p u n p e n y e b a r a n
b u d a y a d a n p e n y e b a r a n I s l a m . H a l i n i j u g a
m e n j a d i b a g i a n d a r i s e j a r a h p e r k e m b a n g a n
p e ra d a b a n d i Ta n a h K a o.
H u b u n g a n K a o d e n g a n w ila y a h la in , b a ik
d a la m e k s k a la s i n ia g a m a u p un p e n y e ba ra n I s la m
d i p e r l i h a t k a n o l e h s e b a r a n t e m u a n a r t e f a k
a rt e fa k k e ra m ik . Te m u a n s e j u m la h a rt e fa k k e ra
-m ik s e la in dit e -m uk a n t e rs e ba r d i a t a s p e r-m uk a a n
t a n a h , j u g a d it e m u k a n d a r i h a s i l e k s k a v a s i .
A rt e fa k - a rt e fa k k e ra m ik y a n g d it e m u k a n a n t a ra
la in d iid e n t ifik a s i s e b a g a i k e r a m ik E ro p a a b a d
k e - 1 9 h in g g a a b a d k e - 2 0 , k e r a m ik C in a d a r i
D in a s t i Q in g a b a d k e - 1 7 , d a n D ina s t i Min g a b a d
k e - 1 8 h ing g a a b a d k e - 1 9 . K e ra m ik - k e ra m ik C in a
d a n E rop a , y a n g d ib a w a la n g s u n g ole h p e d a g a n g
C in a m a u p u n p e d a g a n g - p e d a g a n g p e n g u m p u l
b a ik d a ri w ila y a h Ma lu k u , J a w a , d a n S u m a t a ra
( Me l a y u ) , m e n j a d i b u k t i a d a n y a m e k a n is m e
n ia g a , y a n g s e k a lig u s j a rin g a n e k on om i a n t a ra
p e d a g a n g lo k a l d a n p e d a g a n g a s in g , b a ik d i
w i l a y a h p e s i s i r m a u p u n w i l a y a h p e d a l a m a n
( H a n d o k o , 2 0 0 7 ) . B e n t u k w i la y a h N u s a n t a r a
y a n g b e ru p a k e p u la u a n m e n j a d ik a n la u t , s e la t ,
d a n s u n g a i y a n g s a lin g t e rh u b u n g m e m b e n t u k
j a lu r p e la y a r a n d a n p e r d a g a n g a n y a n g r a m a i
( Mu j a b u d d a w a t , 2 0 1 5 ) . K e r a m i k a s in g y a n g
d it e m u k a n d i s i t u s - s i t u s a r k e o lo g i d i w il a y a h
Ma l u k u d a p a t m e n a n d a i r a m a i n y a a k t i v i t a s
p e r d a g a n g a n p a d a m a s a l a m p a u ( H a n d o k o ,
2 0 0 7 ) . B u k t i - b u k t i p e r a n p e n g u a s a d a l a m
j a r i n g a n e k o n o m i b i s a d i t e lu s u r i k a r e n a n y a .
S e la in it u , p ros e s p e n y e b a ra n I s la m , s e k a lig u s
m e la lu i j a la n n ia g a d a n p e n g u a s a a n e k o n o m i
m e m b u k t i k a n b a h w a t e r j a d i m e k a n is m e d a n
c a r a - c a r a I s l a m i s a s i y a n g k o m p l e k s , y a n g
d ip e rk ira k a n m e lib a t k a n p a ra p e n g u a s a . H a l in i
m e n j a d i b u k t i p e ra d a b a n y a n g s a n g a t m a j u , d i
s a m p in g m e m b e rik a n p e m a h a m a n k e p a d a k it a ,
Q i n g a b a d k e - 1 8 ( 2 1 % ) Q i n g a b a d k e - 1 7 n on S w a t ow ( 7 % ) Mi n g - Q i n g a b a d k e - 1 7 ( 9 % )
Mi n g a b a d k e - 1 7 n on S w a t ow ( 2 % ) Q i n g a b a d k e - 1 9 s d . k e - 2 0
G u a n g don g w a re ( 5 % )
E rop a a b a d k e - 1 9 s d . k e - 2 0 ( 3 2 % )
U n i d e n t i fi c a t i on ( 5 % )
Q i n g w a re a b a d k e - 1 9 ( 1 4 % )
B e r d a s a r k a n p e n e lit ia n a r k e o lo g i d i S it u s
K a m p u n g Tu a K a o, d it e m u k a n b e rb a g a i b e n t u k
t in g g a la n a rk e olog is y a n g m e m b u k t ik a n a d a n y a
p e r m u k i m a n m a n u s i a . T i n g g a l a n - t i n g g a l a n
a rk e olog is y a n g d it e m u k a n a n t a ra la in t e m u a n
a r t e f a k t u a l y a i t u r a g a m f r a g m e n g e r a b a h ,
k e ra m ik , d a n a rt e fa k la in n y a , a d a p u la t in g g a la n
b e r u p a f it u r y a it u m a k a m - m a k a m t u a , n is a n
m a k a m , lu t u r, d a n u m p a k - u m p a k m a s j id t u a .
B e r d a s a rk a n b u k t i d a t a - d a t a p e n e lit ia n a rk e olog i
d a p a t m e n j e l a s k a n b a h w a Ta n a h K a o s u d a h
m e n j a d i b a g ia n k e k u a s a a n Te r n a t e s e j a k a b a d
k e - 1 6 . H a l in i s e s u a i d e n g a n inform a s i t u t u r y a n g
m e n y e b u t k a n b a h w a p e rm u k im a n k u n o I s la m d i
b a n t a r a n s u n g a i A e r K a la k b e rk e m b a n g s e j a k
a b a d it u . D a t a a rk e olog i k e ra m ik , y a n g b e ra s a l
d a ri D in a s t i Q in g d a n Min g a b a d k e - 1 7 h in g g a
k e - 1 8 , d a p a t m e n g o n fi r m a s ik a n d a t a s e j a r a h
t e r s e b u t . I n f or m a s i k e s e j a r a h a n y a n g p e n t in g
m e n y a n g k u t a d a n y a t e m u a n s it u s p e rm u k im a n
K a m p u n g Tu a K a o d i w ila y a h p e d a la m a n y a k n i
d i w ila y a h D a e ra h A lira n S u n g a i ( D A S ) K a o a t a u
le b ih t e p a t n y a y a n g m e n g a ra h k e a lira n s u n g a i
A e r K a l a k a t a u s u n g a i A k e J o d o , m e n g u n g
-k a p -k a n b a h w a p e r m u -k i m a n t u a d i b a n t a r a n
s u n g a i i t u m e r u p a k a n b e k a s p e r m u k i m a n
k o m u n i t a s m u s l i m . H a l t e r s e b u t d a p a t d i
-h u b u n g k a n d e n g a n f a k t a - f a k t a s e j a r a -h y a n g
b e rh u b u n g a n d e n g a n w ila y a h H a lm a h e ra Ut a ra
la in n y a .
S a r a n
Pe n e lit ia n la n j u t a n t e rh a d a p a rk e olog i d i lok a s i
S it u s K a m p u n g Tu a K a o p e r lu d it in d a k la n j u t i,
t e r u t a m a d ifok u s k a n p a d a p e n e lu s u ra n S u n g a i
A k e J od o k e a ra h u t a ra h in g g a m e n e m u k a n h u lu
s u n g a i y a n g d ip e r k ira k a n a d a la h s it u s Te la g a
L i n a y a n g m e r u p a k a n l o k a s i a s a l O r a n g
H a lm a h e r a U t a r a . D i s a m p i n g it u , p e n e l it i a n
u n t u k m e n g e t a h u i k r o n o l o g i p e n y e b a r a n
k o m u n i t a s O r a n g K a o d a n p e n c a r i a n d a t a
a rk e olog is y a n g le b ih t u a a k a n m e n j a d i h a l y a n g
m e na rik y a ng da pa t m e m buk a w a w a s a n a rk e olog i
d i m a s a y a n g a k a n d a t a n g .
P U S T A K A A C U A N
A m a l, M. A . 2 0 1 0 . K e p u la u a n R e m p a h - re m p a h Pe rj a la n a n S e j a ra h Ma lu k u Ut a r a 1 2 5 0 - 1 9 5 0 .
J a k a r t a : K e p u s t a k a a n Pop u le r G ra m e d ia ( K PG ) .
A m b a ry, H . M. 1 9 9 6 . Me n e m u k a n Pe ra d a b a n A rk e olog i d a n I s la m d i I n d on e s ia . J a k a rt a : L og os
W a c a n a I lm u .
A s y h a ri, M. 2 0 0 8 . S t a t u s Ta n a h - t a n a h K e s u lt a n a n Te rn a t e d a la m Pe r s p e k t if Ta n a h Na s ion a l.
Mim b a r H u k u m , 2 0 ( 2 ) , 3 5 2 – 3 6 6 .
A z r a , A . 2 0 0 9 . A rk e olog i I s la m I n d on e s ia : S e b u a h Pe n g h a rg a a n u n t u k Uk a T j a n d ra s a s m it a . I n
A rk e olog i I s la m Nu s a n t a ra . J a k a r t a : K e p u s t a k a a n Pop u le r G ra m e d ia ( K PG ) .
d e G ra a f, H . J . 1 9 5 6 . D e H is t oris c h e B e t rou w b a a rh e id D e r J a v a a n s e O v e rle v e rin g . B ij d ra g e n T o t
d e T a a l- , L a n d - E n V olk e n k u n d e , 1 1 2 ( 1 ) , 5 5 – 7 3 .
D ie n s e , A . H ., & T h a ib, R . 2 0 0 8 . T e rn a t e ( S e j a ra h K e b u d a y a a n & Pe m b a n g u n a n Pe r d a m a ia n
Ma lu k u U t a ra ) . Te r n a t e : L e k ra - MK R .
G h ofu r, A . 2 0 1 1 . Te la ’a h K rit is Ma s u k d a n B e rk e m b a n g ny a I s la m d i Nu s a n t a ra . J u rn a l U s h u lu d d in ,
X V I I ( 2 ) , 1 5 9 – 1 6 9 .
H a n d ok o, W. 2 0 0 7 a . A k t ifit a s Pe r d a g a n g a n L ok a l d i K e p u a lu a n Ma lu k u A b a d 1 5 M - 1 9 M. K a p a t a
A rk e olog i, 3 ( 4 ) , 1 0 0 – 1 2 0 .
H a n d ok o, W. 2 0 0 7 b. A s a l- Us u l Ma s y a ra k a t Ma lu k u , B u d a y a , d a n Pe rs e b a ra n ny a : K a j ia n A rk e olog i
d a n Mit olog i. K a p a t a A rk e olog i, 3 ( 5 ) , 1 – 2 7 .
H a n d ok o, W. 2 0 1 3 . K a ra k t e ris t ik A rs it e k t u r Ma s j id K u n o d a n Pe rk e m b a n g a n I s la m d i Ma lu k u .
H a n d ok o, W. 2 0 1 4 . Tra d is i Nis a n Me n h ir p a d a Ma k a m K u n o R a j a - ra j a d i W ila y a h K e ra j a a n H it u .
K a p a t a A rk e olog i, 1 0 ( 1 ) , 3 3 – 4 6 .
H a n d ok o, W. 2 0 1 6 . I s la m Ne g e ri K a it e t u : R e la s i I s la m , A d a t d a n Pe m e rin t a h a n L ok a l . K ot a
A m b on : Un iv e rs it a s Pa t t im u ra .
H a n d ok o, W. 2 0 1 7 . E k s p a n s i K e k u a s a a n I s la m K e s u lt a n a n Te rn a t e d i Pe s is ir T im u r H a lm a h e ra
U t a r a . K a p a t a A r k e olog i, 1 3 ( 1 ) , 9 5 – 1 0 8 . h t t p s : / / d oi. or g / 1 0 . 2 4 8 3 2 / k a p a t a . v 1 3 i1 . 3 9 6
H a n d ok o, W., Mu j a b u d da w a t , M. A l, H u w a e , A ., H u s n i, M., K a rolin a , J ., & L a t u p a p u a , S . 2 0 1 6 .
T a n a h K a o: Me n g u a k I d e n t it a s A s a l U s u l K om u n it a s , S e j a ra h , d a n Pe ra d a b a n I s la m d i
H a lm a h e ra U t a ra . A m b on : T id a k t e r b it .
I d h a m . 2 0 1 1 . Na s k a h K la s ik d i K ot a T idore K e p u la u a n Prov ins i Ma lu k u U t a ra . J u rn a l Ma n a s s a ,
1 ( 1 ) , 7 9 – 9 6 .
L e iris s a , R . Z . 1 9 9 0 . Ma s y a ra k a t H a lm a h e ra d a n R a j a J a ilolo: S t u d i t e n t a n g S e j a ra h Ma s y a ra k a t
H a lm a h e ra U t a ra . D e p ok : Un iv e rs it a s I n d on e s ia .
Ma n a n , M. A . 2 0 1 4 . R it u a l Ta g i J e re d a la m K om u n it a s E t n ik K a o: Pe ra n L e m b a g a D e w a n A d a t d a n
B a d a n S y a ra ’ d a n Pe rk e m b a n g a n n y a . J u rn a l Ma s y a ra k a t & B u d a y a , 1 6 ( 1 ) , 2 7 – 5 0 .
Ma n s y u r, S . 2 0 0 7 . Pe n in g g a la n A rk e olog is d i K e p u la u a n B a c a n . K a p a t a A rk e olog i, 3 ( 4 ) , 7 4 – 9 9 .
Mu j a b u d d a w a t , M. A l. 2 0 1 5 . K e j a y a a n K e s u lt a n a n B u t on A b a d K e - 1 7 & 1 8 d a la m T in j a u a n
A rk e olog i E k olog i. K a p a t a A rk e olog i, 1 1 ( 1 ) , 2 1 – 3 2 .
Mu j a b u d d a w a t , M. A l. 2 0 1 6 . S im b olis m e K om p le k s B a n g u n a n S it u s K i B u y u t Tru s m i C ire b on .
K a p a t a A rk e olog i, 1 2 ( 2 ) , 1 7 5 – 1 9 0 .
Na p in g , H . 2 0 1 3 . H a lm a h e ra U t a ra , S e j a ra h Pe rk e m b a n g a n Pe ra d a b a n d i B u m i H ib u a L a m o .
Ma k a s s a r: U n iv e rs it a s H a s a n u d d in , Pe m e rin t a h K a b u p a t e n H a lm a h e ra Ut a ra , d a n Ya y a s a n
B in a G e n e ra s i.
Nom a y, U. 2 0 1 4 . O ra n g Me la y u d i K ot a Te rn a t e A b a d X V - X I V. J u rn a l A l- Q a la m , 2 0 ( 2 ) , 2 4 5 – 2 5 4 .
Pa p ila j a , E . J . 2 0 1 1 . K h a ris m a H ib u a la m o ( T u t u r K e a rifa n K e p e m im p in a n B u d a y a ) . J a k a rt a : D in a s
Pa r iw is a t a d a n B u d a y a H a lm a h e ra Ut a ra .
Poe s p on e g oro, M. D . & Not os u s a n t o, N. 2 0 0 8 . S e j a ra h Na s ion a l I n d on e s ia I I I . ( B . S u m a d io, E d . ) .
J a k a rt a : B a la i P u s t a k a .
Pu a s a , A . 2 0 1 3 . Fa ls a fa h H ibu a la m o S u a t u Up a y a Me m b a n g u n R e k on s ilia s i d i H a lm a h e ra U t a ra .
J u rn a l Un ie r a , 2 ( 1 ) , 1 – 8 .
Pu t u h e n a , S . M. 1 9 9 5 . Pe n y e b a ra n A g a m a I s la m d i Ma lu k u . Ma k a s s a r: B a la i Pe n e lit ia n d a n
Pe n g a b d ia n p a d a Ma s y a r a k a t I A I N A la u id d in .
S oe g on d h o, S . 1 9 9 5 . E a rt h e n w a re T r a d it ion s in I n d on e s ia : F rom Pre h is t or y Un t il t h e Pre s e n t
( 1 s t e d . ) . J a k a rt a : C e ra m ic S oc ie t y o f I n d on e s ia .
T im Pe n e lit ia n . 2 0 1 4 . L a p ora n p e n e lit ia n : A rk e olog i I s la m d i W ila y a h Pe s is ir T im u r K a b u p a t e n
H a lm a h e ra U t a ra . A m b on : T id a k t e r b it .
T j a n d ra s a s m it a , U. 1 9 9 8 . A rt i A rs it e k t u r Me s j id - m e s j id K u n o d i I n d on e s ia . J a k a rt a : Fa k u lt a s
S a s t ra U n iv e r s it a s I n d on e s ia .
T j a n d ra s a s m it a , U . 2 0 0 9 . A rk e olog i I s la m Nu s a n t a r a . J a k a rt a : K e p u s t a k a a n Pop u le r G ra m e d ia
( K PG ) .
W im b is h , S . G . 1 9 9 1 . A n I n t rod u c t ion t o Pa g u t h rou g h t h e A n a ly s is of Na rra t iv e D is c ou rs e . T h e
U n iv e r s it y of Te x a s a t A rlin g t on .
Ya t im , B . 2 0 0 6 . S e j a ra h Pe r a d a b a n I s la m : D ira s a h I s la m iy a h I I . J a k a rt a : PT R a j a G ra fin do
