10
OPTIMALISASI GABUNGAN FILTER ARANG TEMPURUNG
KELAPA, ZEOLIT, DAN PASIR KUARSA UNTUK
PENJERNIHAN AIR SUNGAI TAMIANG
DENGAN ELEKTROKOAGULASI
ABSTRAK
Arang tempurung kelapa, zeolit dan pasir kuarsa merupakan material yang sering digunakan sebagai media adsorpsi terutama dalam penjernihan air. Pada umumnya arang tempurung kelapa, zeolit dan pasir kuarsa masih mengandung pengotor-pengotor organik dan anorganik yang menutupi porinya, sehingga untuk meningkatkan kemampuan daya serap harus dilakukan aktivasi terlebih dahulu. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh suhu aktivasi, terhadap daya serap, kadar air dan porositas. Arang tempurung kelapa, zeolit dan pasir kuarsa dengan suhu aktivasi optimum akan di modifikasi menjadi gabungan filter dalam penjernihan air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan suhu aktivasi optimum untuk arang tempurung kelapa 9000C dengan daya serap 74,8%, kadar air 3,92% dan porositas sebesar 71,13%. Untuk zeolit pada suhu 8000C dengan daya serap 65,8%, kadar air 5,36% dan porositas 57,53%. Sedangkan untuk pasir kuarsa pada suhu 10000C dengan daya serap 45,5%, kadar air 4,86% dan porositas 45,46%. Gabungan filter material yang optimum adalah modifikasi gabungan filter F2 ( susunan sekat arang
tempurung kelapa, zeolit dan pasir kuarsa) dengan daya serap 65,73%, kadar air 5,35% dan porositas 70,43%. Gabungan filter F2 ini selanjutnya akan digunakan
dalam proses penjernihan air. Penjernihan air sungai selain dilakukan dengan gabungan filter F2 juga dilakukan dengan proses elektrokoagulasi yang kemudian
di filter dengan gabungan filter F2. Hasil Pengujian beberapa parameter fisika
fisika ( suhu, TDS, kekeruhan, warna, bau dan rasa), parameter kimia ( pH, logam Fe dan Al) dan parameter mikrobiologi ( bakteri E. Coli dan Colifrom ) menunjukkan bahwa penjernihan air denga proses elektrokoagulasi yang kemudian di filter dengan filter F2 telah memenuhi standar air bersih berdasarkan
Permenkes RI No. 416 Tahun 1990 dan memenuhi standar air minum berdasarkan Permenkes RI No. 492 Tahun 2010.
Kata Kunci : arang tempurung kelapa, zeolit, pasir kuarsa, aktivasi, gabungan filter , penjernihan air
11
OPTIMIZATION COMBINATION OF A COCONUT SHELL
CHARCOAL FILTER, ZEOLITE AND QUARTZ SAND
FOR WATER PURIFICATION TAMIANG RIVER
WITH ELEKTROCOAGULATION
ABSTRACT
Coconut shell charcoal, zeolite and quartz sand is a material that is often used as an adsorption media, especially in water purification. In general, coconut shell charcoal, zeolite and quartz sand still contain organic impurities and inorganic pore cover, so as to increase the absorption capacity must be done prior activation. This study aims to determine the effect of the activation temperature, the absorption, moisture content and porosity. Coconut shell charcoal, zeolite and quartz sand with optimum activation temperature will be design as the water purification filters. The results showed optimum activation temperature to 9000 C with coconut shell charcoal absorption 74.8%, water content 3.92% and amounted to 71.13% porosity. For zeolite at a temperature of 8000C with absorption 65.8%, water content 5.36% and 57.53% porosity. As for the quartz sand at a temperature of 10000 C with absorption 45.5%, water content 4.86% and 45.46% porosity. Filter combined that optimum is the combined of the filter F2 (bulkhead arrangement of coconut shell charcoal, zeolite and quartz sand)
with absorption 65.73%, water content 5.35% and 70.43% porosity. Filter combined F2 will then be used in the water purification process. Purification of
river water than is done with the combined of the filter F2 is also done with the
electrocoagulation process later in the filter combined with filter F2. Testing
results of physics parameters (temperature, TDS, turbidity, color, odor and taste), chemical parameters (pH, Fe and Al) and microbiological parameters (bacteria E. Coli and Colifrom) showed that the water purification with electrocoagulation process which is then filter using F2 filter have fulfilled clean water standards based Permenkes No.. 416 of 1990 and the drinking water standards based Permenkes No.. 492 in 2010.
Keywords: coconut shell charcoal, zeolite, quartz sand, activation, filter design, Purification of water
