UJI SENSITIVITAS Staphylococcus aureus DAN
Escherichia coli TERHADAP KOTRIMOKSAZOL DALAM
SEDIAAN TABLET
ABSTRAK
Kotrimoksazol merupakan kombinasi sulfametoksazol dan trimetoprim dengan perbandingan 5 : 1. Spektrum kerja kotrimoksazol lebih luas dibandingkan sulfonamida. Produk tablet kotrimoksazol tersedia dalam berbagai nama dagang dari produsen yang berbeda. Efektivitas kotrimoksazol terhadap bakteri dapat berubah selama distribusi dan penyimpanan, sehingga perlu dievaluasi melalui pengujian secara mikrobiologi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji sensitivitas bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan
Escherichia coli terhadap beberapa produk tablet kotrimoksazol.
Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap lima produk tablet kotrimoksazol yang diambil secara purposif. Sampel terdiri dari satu produk tidak bermerek yang diberi kode A dan empat produk bermerek dengan kode masing-masing B, C, D, dan E. Kelima produk tersebut dibuat dengan berbagai konsentrasi dengan perbandingan trimetoprim : sulfametoksazol 25:125, 50:250, 100:500, 200:1000, 300:1500, 400:2000, 500:2500 µg/ml. Pengujian sensitivitas
Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli terhadap produk kotrimoksazol
dilakukan menggunakan metode Kirby-Bauer.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli tidak sensitif (resisten) terhadap kelima produk kotrimoksazol dan kotrimoksazol baku pada konsentrasi 25:125 µg/ml. Namun pada konsentrasi 100:500 µg/ml, seluruh produk kotrimoksazol dan kotrimoksazol baku efektif menghambat pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus
dan Escherichia coli dengan diameter zona hambat masing-masing 18,86 – 21,13 mm dan 18,10 - 20,13 mm. Analisis secara statistika menggunakan uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov dan Kruskal-Wallis menununjukkan bahwa produk kotrimoksazol A, B, C, D, dan E serta kotrimoksazol baku memiliki mutu yang sama secara mikrobiologi (p>0,05).
Kata Kunci: Uji sensitivitas, kotrimoksazol, sulfametoksazol, trimetoprim,
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus
SUSCEPTIBILITY TEST OF Staphylococcus aureus AND
Escherichia coli TO COTRIMOXAZOLE TABLET
ABSTRACT
Cotrimoxazole is a sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim combination in ratio of 1:5. The work spectrum of cotrimoxazole is broader than sulfanilamide. Cotrimoxazole tablet is available in several branded names from different manufacturers. The effectivity of cotrimoxazole againts bacteria can be changed during distribution and storage, so it needs to be evaluated by microbiological testing. This study was carried out to investigate the susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli to cotrimoxazole tablets.
This study was conducted by collecting 5 cotrimoxazole tablet products purposively. The samples consisted of an unbranded product which was labelled as A and 4 branded products that were labelled as B, C, D, and E, respectively. All of products were prepared by diluting cotrimoxazole at the different concentrations of trimethoprim : sufametoxazole in ratio of 25:125, 50:250, 100:500, 200:1000, 300:1500, 400:2000, and 500:2500 μg/ml, respectively. Susceptibility testing of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia
coli to cotrimoxazole products was evaluated using Kirby-Bauer method.
The results showed that Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli resistant to all of cotrimoxazole tablets and standard cotrimoxazole at the concentration of 25:125 μg/ml. However, at the concentration of 100:500 μg/ml, cotrimoxazole tablets and standard cotrimoxazole effectively inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with the diameter of inhibition zone were 18.86 – 21.13 mm and 18.10 – 20.13 mm, respectively. Statistical analysis using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Kruskal-Wallis tests indicated that the cotrimoxazole tablets A, B, C, D, E and standard cotrimoxazole had microbiologically equal quality (p >0.05).
Keywords: Susceptibility test, cotrimoxazole, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus.
