i ABSTRAK
Pemanfaatan posyandu sebagai pelayanan pemantauan tumbuh kembang balita dan pelayanan gizi masih belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Kebanyakan ibu ke posyandu hanya untuk mendapatkan imunisasi pada bayi, pelayanan Keluarga Berencana (KB) dan pengobatan. Berdasarkan Riskesdas tahun 2013 secara nasional kekurangan gizi pada balita adalah 19.6%, sementara sasaran Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) tahun 2015 sebesar 15,5%. Prevalensi kekurangan gizi pada balita di Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang sebesar 23% masih di atas target MDGs tahun 2015.
Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pelayanan pemantauan anak balita di posyandu di Kecamatan Rantau Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Populasi penelitian ini seluruh anak balita yang berusia umur 12 - 59 bulan tinggal di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rantau Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang, sampel pada penelitian ini adalah anak balita berusia 12 - 59 bulan terdaftar di buku register posyandu di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rantau dengan kriteria posyandu tingkat madya sebanyak 142 orang. Analisis data melalui tahapan analisis univariat, analisis bivariat dengan uji Chi-square, dan analisis multivariat dengan regresi poisson.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan ada pengaruh yang bermakna antara variabel dukungan bidan (p=0,002, RP=2,385, 95%CI:1,366-4,163), dukungan keluarga (p=0,027, RP=2,279, 95%CI:1,099-4,725) dan dukungan kader posyandu (p=0,033, RP=1,925, 95%CI:1,055-3,512) terhadap pelayanan pemantauan anak balita di posyandu. Variabel yang dominan berpengaruh terhadap pelayanan pemantauan anak balita di posyandu adalah dukungan bidan (Koefisien B =0,869).
Keberadaan bidan di masyarakat merupakan role model (contoh teladan/ panutan) dalam berperilaku hidup sehat bagi masyarakat. Upaya kegiatan promosi berkaitan dengan posyandu perlu untuk ditingkatkan dengan tujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan keluarga dan masyarakat berkaitan dengan posyandu agar dapat memanfaatkan pelayanan kesehatan dasar di posyandu. Keberhasilan pengelolaan posyandu memerlukan dukungan dan kerjasama yang baik dari berbagai pihak yaitu : puskesmas, bidan, kepala desa, tim pengerak PKK, kader, seluruh masyarakat dan dukungan perusahaan swasta baik dukungan moril, material maupun finansial.
ii ABSTRACT
The utilization of posyandu (integrated service post) as the service for monitoring the growth of under five years children and nutrition service has not been used optimally. Most of mothers who visited posyandu want to get only immunization for their babies, Family Planning Service, and medical care. Based on Riskesdas in 2013, it was found that nationally the malnutrition of under five years children were 19.6% while the target of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) was 15.5% in 2015. The prevalence of malnutrition of under five years in Aceh Tamiang District was 23% which is greater than the target of MDGs in 2015.
The research is an analytic research with cross sectional approach which aimed to analyze the factors related to service for monitoring under five years children at posyandu in Rantau Subdistrict Aceh Tamiang District. The population was all under five years children aged 12-59 months-old in the working area of Rantau Puskesmas, Aceh Tamiang District, sample of this research was under five years children recorded in register book at posyandu with the criteria of madya level and 142 of them were used as the samples. The data were analyzed by using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with chi square test, and multivariate analysis with poisson regression analysis.
The result of the research showed that there were significant influence of the variables of midwives support (p=0.002, RP=2.385, 95%CI:1.366-4.163), family support (p=0.027, RP=2.279, 95%CI:1.099-4.725), and cadre’s support (p=0.033, RP=1.925, 95%CI:1.055-3.512) on the service for monitoring under five years children at posyandu. The variable which had the most dominant influence on the service for monitoring under five years children at posyandu was support from midwives (Coefficient of B=0.869).
The existence of midwives in society is the role model in people’s healthy life behavior. Promotion related to posyandu should be improved in order to increase the knowledge of families and people concerning posyandu so that basic health care at posyandu can be improved. Success in posyandu management needs good support and cooperation from various stakeholders such as puskesmas (health center), midwives, village heads, initiator team of PKK, cadres, and all people and support from private companies morally, materially, and financially.
Keywords: Posyandu, under five years children, midwives, Cadres, Health
