ABSTRAK
Berdasarkan komposisinya, terasi dibedakan menjadi terasi ikan, terasi udang dan terasi campuran keduanya. Dari beberapa penelitian terdahulu membuktikan bahwa ikan dan udang termasuk biota laut yang tercemar logam berat sebagai akibat pencemaran laut. Sehingga keberadaan logam berat dalam terasi diduga kuat berasal bahan baku ikan dan udang yang mengandung logam berat dimana salah satunya adalah Timbal (Pb).
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kandungan timbal (Pb) pada terasi bermerek dan terasi hasil olahan industri rumah tangga yang dijual di beberapa pasar tradisional di kota Medan, serta batas aman asupan harian (Accept Daily Intake) dari terasi tersebut.
Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif yaitu untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar timbal (Pb) pada terasi, dimana objek penelitian adalah 10 sampel terasi terdiri dari 5 sampel terasi bermerek dan 5 sampel terasi tidak bermerek yang diambil dari lima pasar tradisional di Kota Medan secara purposive. Penentuan kadar timbal (Pb) menggunakan metode Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom di Laboratorium Kesehatan Propinsi Sumatera Utara.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari lima sampel terasi bermerek terdapat satu sampel terasi positif mengandung timbal (Pb) (1.80 mg/kg) dan tidak memenuhi syarat (batas maksimum BPOM 1.0 mg/kg), sedangkan empat lainnya terbilang aman karena berada di bawah deteksi alat (Pb <0.002 mg/kg). Untuk sampel terasi olahan rumah tangga (tidak bermerek), empat sampel terasi mengandung timbal (Pb) namun hanya satu yang berada di atas batas maksimum (1.88 mg/kg), dan satu sampel di bawah deteksi alat.
Kepada pemerintah setempat, dalam hal ini dinas terkait semisal Dinas Kesehatan dan BPOM agar melakukan sidak terasi di pasaran terutama yang berasal dari daerah perairan tercemar logam berat cukup tinggi. Memberi penyuluhan dan mengawasi pelaku usaha terasi, khususnya pada industri rumah tangga.
Kata kunci : Terasi, Timbal, Pasar Tradisional
ABSTRACT
Based on composition, paste was divided into fish paste, shrimp paste and paste mixture of both. From several previous studies proved that fish and shrimp including marine life which contaminated by heavy metals as a result of marine pollution. So the presence of heavy metals in paste allegedly derived from raw materials of fish and shrimp that contain heavy metals which one of them were Lead (Pb).
This study aimed to determine the contents of lead (Pb) in branded paste and paste producted at home industry were sold in some traditional markets in Medan, as well as the accept daily intake (ADI) of the paste.
This study was descriptive research, to describe the levels of lead (Pb) in shrimp paste, where the objects of study were composed of 10 samples of paste consists 5 samples of branded paste and 5 samples of unbranded paste taken from the five traditional markets in Medan purposively. Determination of lead (Pb) using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry in Provincial Health Laboratory of North Sumatera.
The results showed from five samples of branded paste, there is one positive contains lead (Pb) (1.80 mg/kg) and didn’t qualify (BPOM’s maximum limit of 1.0 mg/kg), while the other four relatively safe because were under value detection tool (Pb <0.002 mg/kg). For the paste samples that processed at home industry or unbranded paste, four samples contains lead (Pb), but only one that was above the maximum limit (1.88 mg/kg), and one sample under value detection tool.
To the local government, agencies which the relevant in this case such as the Department of Health and the BPOM of Medan City in order to perform inspection paste on the market mainly derived from heavy metal polluted waters of the region is quite high. Counseling and overseeing paste businesses, especially in the home industry.
Keywords: paste, lead, traditional market
