PADUAN TERMOPLASTIK ELASTOMER ( POLIPROPILEN – KARET SIR 10 DAN EPDM) DENGAN BAHAN PENGISI PULP TANDAN KOSONG
SAWIT SEBAGAI MATERIAL PEREDAM SUARA.
ABSTRAK
Telah dilakukan percampuran secara vulkanisasi dinamik termoplastik elastomer (PP-Karet SIR 10 dan PP-EPDM) menggunakan inisiator DKP dan zat pengkompatibel DVB berbahan pengisi variasi berat Pulp Tandan Kosong Sawit (PTKS) dari 10 g, 20 g, 30 g, 40 g dan atau tanpa pendispersi asam stearat dalam internal mixer pada suhu 170 0C sebagai Material Peredam Suara. Spesimen untuk uji tarik dicetak sesuai dengan ASTM D638, sifat ketangguhan dengan uji impak sesuai dengan ASTM D 256, daya serap air sesuai dengan ASTM C 20-00-2005, derajat ikat silang dengan sokletasi menggunakan pelarut Xylen, sifat morphology sampel dengan SEM, sifat termal dengan DSC/TGA, perobahan gugus fungsi dengan FTIR dan koefisien serap bunyi dengan tabung Impidansi sesuai dengan ASTM E 1050-1990. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk percampuran PP-karet SIR 10 dan 2 phr DKP diperoleh kuat tarik optimum dan kemuluran 6,30 MPa dan 17,08%, dan percampuran PP-karet SIR 10 dengan 2 phr DKP dan 3 phr DVB diperoleh 7,79 MPa dan 21,98%. Untuk percampuran PP-EPDM dan 2 phr DKP diperoleh kuat tarik optimum 16,67 MPa dan 4,48%, dan dengan percampuran PP-EPDM dengan 2 phr DKP dan 3 phr DVB diperoleh 18,84 MPa dan 8,7 %. Dengan penambahan variasi berat bahan pengisi PTKS dan dengan penambahan pendispersi asam stearat pada campuran TPE terjadi penurunan kuat tarik, kemuluran, kuat impak (ketangguhan) dan derajat ikat silang, sedangkan daya serap air meningkat dengan bertambahnya berat bahan pengisi.
Kata Kunci : Polipropilena, Karet, DKP, DVB, Sifat Makanik, Daya redam suara. BLENDING OF THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMER (POLYPROPYLENE – SIR
10 RUBBER AND EPDM) WITH PULP FROM OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES AS FILLER FOR SOUND INSULATING MATERIAL
ABSTRACT
Blending of thermoplastic elastomers (PP- SIR 10 rubber and PP-EPDM rubber) in dynamic vulcanization has been investigated by using DCP (Dicumyl peroxide) as initiator and DVB (Divinyl benzene) as a cross-linker, with addition of the filler weight variation of Pulp from oil palm empty fruit bunches (PPEB) of 10 g, 20 g, 30 g, 40 g with and without the dispersing agent of stearic acid in an internal mixer at 170 0C as the sound insulating materials. The characterization of the specimens were carried out based on tensile-strength testing in accordance with ASTM D638, the toughness properties with impact test in accordance with ASTM D 256, water absorption in accordance with ASTM C 20-00-2005, crosslink percentage with socletation by using Xylene solvent, morphology surface analysis with SEM, thermal properties were determined with DSC / TGA, and functional group analysis with FTIR and the sound absorption coefficient with Impedance tube in accordance with ASTM E 1050-1990. The results showed that the blends of PP-SIR 10 rubber with 2 phr DCP possess a highest tensile strength with value 6.30 MPa and value of elongation at break 17.08%, and the blends of PP- SIR 10 rubber with 2 phr DCP and 3 phr DVB possess a highest tensile strength with value 7.79 MPa and value of elongation at break 21.98%. The blends of PP-EPDM with 2 phr DCP possess a highest tensile strength with value 16.67 MPa and value of elongation at break 4.48%, and the blends of PP-EPDM with 2 phr DCP and 3 phr DVB possess a highest tensile strength with value 18.84 MPa and value of elongation at break 8.7% . With addition of PPEB fillers weight variation, and with addition of the dispersing agent of stearic acid in a mixture of TPE resulted in reduction of tensile strength and elongation at break , impact strength, crosslink percentage, but the water absorption increased with the increasing weight of the fillers in the matrix.
components of the blends, this is supported by the data of thermal analysis by DSC/TGA as evidenced by a drop in melting temperature and decomposition temperature and severe shrinkage due to heat the sample at a specific temperature. The result of sound absorption coefficient test showed that for low frequency of 125 Hz to 1500 Hz has a value of sound absorption from α = 0.15 untilα = 0,8 , so that has met the standards as the sound insulating materials.
