MAGDALENA TRESYE
KEDUDUKAN AHLI WARkS TESTAMENTAIR
DALAM PEWARISAN MENURUT
BURGERLtjK WETBOEK (B.W .)
n i Q i n
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■CCJTBDSTTAC M V J J M CCA 'S U R A U A Y A 7 ^ .
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KE DUDUKAN AHLI WARI S T E S T AME NT AI R
DALAM P EWARI S AN ME NURUT BURGE RL I J K WE T BOE K ( B. W. )
S KRI P S I
OL E H :
MAGDAL E NA T RE S YE
F AKULTAS HUKUM UNI VE RS I T AS AI RLANGGA
KEDUDUKAN AHLI WARI S T E S T AME NT AI R
DALAM P EWARI S AN ME NURUT BURGE RL I J K WE T BOE K ( B. W. )
S KRI P S I
DI AJ UKAN UNT UK ME L E NGKAP I TUGAS
DAN ME MENUHI S YARAT - S YARAT UNT UK
MENCAP AI GE L AR S ARJ ANA I TUKUM
OL E H :
MAGDAL E NA T RE S YE
038311630
DOSEN V
eMBI MBI NG DAN PENGUJ I
F AKULTAS HUKUM UNI VE RS I T AS AI RLANGGA
S URABAYA
KATA P ENGANTAR
De n g a n me ma n j a t k a n p u j i s y u k u r k e h a d i r a t T u h a n
Ya n g Ma h a Es a , s a y a d a p a t me n y e l e s a i k a n s k r i p s i y a n g b e r -
j u d u l : " Ke d u d u k a n Ah l i Wa r i s T e s t a me n t a i r Da l a r a P e wa r i s -
a n Me n u r u t Bu r g e r l i j k We t b o e k ( B. W. ) " . Di s a mp i n g i t u , d e -
n g a n k a r u n i a n y a j u g a s a y a d a p a t me me n u h i k e wa j i b a n s a y a
d a l a m me n c a p a i g e l a r S a r j a n a Hu k u m p a d a F a k u l t a s Hu k u m
Un i v e r s i t a s Ai r l a n g g a S u r a b a y a .
Da l a m p e mb u a t a n s k r i p s i i n i , s a y a me n d a p a t b a n t u a n
d a r i b e r b a g a i p i h a k . Ol e h k a r e n a i t u p a d a k e s e mp a t a n i n i ,
s a y a me n g u c a p k a n t e r i ma k a s i h y a n g s e b e s a r - b e s a r n y a k e p a -
d a :
1. Ba p a k Dr R. S o e t o j o P r a wi r o h a mi d j o j o , S . H. , s e l a k u d o -
s e n p e mb i mb i n g s a y a y a n g t e l a h d e n g a n t u l u s d a n i k h l a s
r a e mb i mb i n g s a y a d a l a m p e mb u a t a n s k r i p s i i n i ;
? . P a r a d o s e n p e n g u j i y a n g t e l a h me n g u j i s k r i p s i i n i ;
3. Ru n d a Ma r i a y a n g t e l a h me n g a b u l k a n p e r mo h o n a n s a y a ;
k*
S e l u r u h s t a f P e n g a d i l a n Ne g e r i Ma l a n g ;cj,
P. - i pak De k a n F a k u l t a s Hu k u m Un i v e r s i t a s Ai r l a n g g a S u r a b a y a b e s e r t a s e l u r u h s t a f p e n g a j a r d a n k a r y a wa n n y a y a n g
t e l a h me mb a n t u k e l a n c a r a n p e n u l i s a n s k r i p s i i n i ;
6. P e n g u r u s S e k s i S o s i a l Wi l a y a h XV P a r o k i Ha t i Ku d u s Ye -
o u s S u r a b a y a ;
7. Ke l u a r g a Ba p a k S o e t a r n o d a n k e l u a r g a Ba p a k Ch a n d r a ;
y a n g t e l a h me mb e r i k a n d o r o n g a n d i d a l a m me n y e l e s a i k a n
s k r i p s i i n i .
Se r a o g a T u h a n s e l a l u me l i mp a h k a n r a h ma t n y a k e p a d a b e l i a u -
b e l i a u y a n g t e l a h s a y a s e b u t k a n d i a t a s .
Ak h i r n y a k e p a d a p e mb a c a s k r i p s i i n i , s a y a a k a n me -
r a s a g e mb i r a s e k a l i a t a 6 s e g a l a k r i t i k d a n s a r a n y a n g p o -
s i t i f u n t u k p e n y e mp u r n a a n s k r i p s i i n i . Ha l i n i d i s e b a b k a n
p e mb a h a s a n s k r i p s i i n i p a s t i a d a k e l e ma h a n d a n k e k u r a n g a n -
n y a .
S u r a b a y a , Ok t o b e r 1 9 8 8
d a f t a r
I
s iKAT A P E NGANT AR . . . i i i
DAF T AR I SI . . . v
BAB I : P ENDAHULUAN 1. P e r ma s a l a h a n , La t a r Be l a k a n g d a n Ru mu s - a n n y a . . . 1
2. P e n j e l a o a n J u d u l . . . 5
3. Al a 6 a n P e mi l i h a n J u d u l . . . 5
k*
T u j u a n P e n u l i s a n . . . 65. Me t o d o l o g i . . . 6
6. P e r t a n g g u n g j a wa b a n S i s t e ma t i k a . . . 8
BAB I I : T I NJ AUAN T E NT ANG P EWARI S AN 1. T i mb u l n y a P e wa r i s a n d a n Ma c a m- ma c a mn y a . . 1 0 2. Ca r a - c a r a d a n S y a r a t - s y a r a t P e wa r i s a n . . . 1 5 3. f f a r t a P e n i n g g a l a n Ya n g Da p a t Di wa r i s . . . . 19
BAB I I I : KE DUDUKAN AHLI WARI S T E S T AME NT AI R 1. P e r i h a l Te s t a r a e n . . . 2 2 2. L e g i t i e me P o r t i e : a . t u j u a n d a n k e t e n t u a n - k e t e n t u a n p e m- b a t a s a n ; . . .
32
B A B X V : K A S U S - ^ K A S U S T E N T A N G A H L I W A R I S T E S T A M E N T A I R
1. Ka s u s Ha r t a Wa r i s a n Da l a m Ka i t a n n y a De n g a n
Ke d u d u k a n Ah l i Wa r i s T e s t a me n t a i r Di b i d a n g
S a h T i d a k n y a S u a t u T e s t a me n . . .
k 3
2, Ka s u s Ha r t a Wa r i 6 a n Da l a m Ka i t a n n y a De n g a n
Ke d u d u k a n Ah l i Wa r i s T e s t a me n t a i r Di b i d a n g
0
P e n c a i r a n De p o s i t o . . . 5 2
B A B V : P E N U T U P
1. Ke s i mp u l a n . . . 5 8
2 . S a r a n . . . 5 8
D A F T A R B A C A A N
B A B I
P E N D A H U L U A N
1. P e r ma Ba l a h a n . L a t a r Be l a k a n g d a n Ru mu s a n n . y a
P a d a h a k e k a t n y a , ma n u s i a s e c a r a k o d r a t c e n d e r u n g
u n t u k h i d u p b e r ma s y a r a k a t . Ke c e n d e r u n g a n t e r s e b u t a d a l a h
d i d o r o n g o l e h r a s a ma n u s i a wi y a n g i n g i n b e r k u mp u l d e n g a n
s e s a ma n y a . Ha l i n i s e s u a i d e n g a n a j a r a n Ar i s t o t e l e s y a n g tr
me n y a t a k n n b a h wa ma n u s i a a d a l a h " z o o n p o l i t i c o n " , y a n g
b e r a r t i :
Ba h wa ma n u s i a i t u s e b a g a i ma h l t i k p a d a d &s a r n y a s e l a l u i n g i n b e r g a u l d a n b e r k u mp u l d e n g a n s e s a ma ma n u s i a l a - i n n y a , j a d i ma h l u k y a n g s u k a b e r ma s y a r a k a t . Ol e h k a r e * n a s i f a t n y a y a n g s u k a b e r g a u l s a t u 6 a ma l a i n ma k a ma n u s i a d i s e b u t ma h l u k s o s i a l .
De n g a n d e mi k i a n , d i d a l a m k e h i d u p a n n y a ma n u s i a i t u s e l a l u
b e r h u b u n g a n d e n g a n ma n u s i a l a i n n y a . Hu b u n g a n - h u b u n g a n i n i
me n y a n g k u t b e r ma c a m- ma c a m h a l , d a n b a h k a n me n y a n g k u t p u l a
t e n t a n g b a r a n g b a r a n g y a n g me r e k a mi l i k i . Da r i h u b u n g a n
h u b u n g a n i n i l a h k e mu d i a n t i mb u l h a k h a k d a n k e wa j i b a n k e
-wa j i b a n ma n u s i a y a n g s a t u t e r h a d a p ma n u s i a y a n g l a i n .
Ha k d a n k e wa j i b a n ma n u s i a a t a u s e s e o r a n g i n i a k a n
me n j a d i p e r c o a l a n b i l a o r a n g t e r s e b u t me n i n g g a l d u n i a , k a
-r e n a p a d a u mu mn y a p i h a k y a n g d i t i n g g a l k a n o l e h o -r a n g y a n g
me n i n g g a l d u n i a i t u b u k a n l a h s e o r a n g ma n u s i a y a n g l a i n.
a t a u s e b u a h b a r a n g s a j a . Ha l y a n g l e b i h p e n t i n g a d a l a h
p e r b u a t an - p e r b u a t a n a t a u h u b u n g a n - h u b u n g a n o r a n g t e r s e b u t
p a d a - wa k t u i a ma s i h h i d u p d e n g a n o r a n g l a i n , b e r p e n g a r u h
l a n g s u n g p a d a p o l a k e p e n t i n g a n d i d a l a m ma s y a r a k a t t e r u t a -
ma k e l u a r g a n y a . T e r h a d a p k e p e n t i n g a n - k e p e n t i n g a n i n i l a h d i -
b u t u h k a n s u a t u p e r a t u r a n h u k u m y a n g me n g a t u r b a g a i ma n a a g a r
l i n g k u p k e l u a r g a t a d i b i s a t e r h i n d a r d a r i a k i b a t h u k u m y a n g
me r u g i k a n k e l u a r g a t e r s e b u t .
Ha k - h a k d a n k e wa j i b a n - k e wa j i b a n s e s e o r a n g y a n g me- j .
n i n g g a l d u n i a d a p a t b e r u p a s e g a l a s e s u a t u y a n g me mp u n y a i
s i f a t k e d u n i a wi a n d a n s e g a l a s e s u a t u y a n g me mp u n y a i s i f a t
k e r o h a i n a n . S e g a l a s e s u a t u y a n g me mp u n y a i s i f a t k e d u n i a wi a n
i t u d a p a t d i a n g g a p d e n g a n s e n d i r i n y a b e r a l i h k e p a d a o r a n g
l a i n y a n g d i t i n g g # l k a n o l e h s e s e o r a n g y a n g me n i n g g a l d u n i a
t e r s e b u t . S e d a n g k a n s e g a l a s e s u a t u y a n g me mp u n y a i s i f a t k e -
r o h a mi a n i t u me n g a n d u n g u n s u r - u n s u r k e p r i b a d i a n s e s e o r a n g ,
s e h i n g g a t i d a k mu n g k i n d a p a t d i a l i h k a n k e p a d a o r a n g l a i n .
P e n g e r t i a n wa r i s a n y a n g d i ma k s u d d a l a m p e mb a h a s a n
i n i t e r b a t a s p a d a h a l - h a l y a n g b e r s i f a t k e d u n i a wi a n , y a i t u
s u a t u h a l y a n g me n y a n g k u t h a r t a k e k a y a a n a t a u k e b e n d a a n
y a n g d i t i n g g a l k a n o l e h o r a n g y a n g me n i n g g a l d u n i a , y a n g k e -
mu d i a n b e r a l i h k e p a d a o r a n g y a n g d i a n g g a p me mp u n y a i h a k -
h a k d a n k e wa j i b a n - k e wa j i b a n d i d a l a mn y a s e b a g a i ma n a y a n g
d i k a t a k a n o l e h Wi r j o n o P r o d j o d i k o r o : " Wa r i s a n i t u a d a l a h
s o a l a p a k a h d a n b a g a i ma n a p e l b a g a i h a k - h a k d a n k e wa j i b a n -
k e wa j i b a n t e n t a n g k e k a y a a n s e s e o r a n g p a d a wa k t u i a me n i n g
-d u p ". 2
Be r t o l a k d a r i k e a d a a n y a n g d e mi k i a n i n i l a h s e r i n g -
k a l i k i t a d e n g a r a d a n y a s e n g k e t a d i a n t a r a a n g g o t a k e l u a r
g a t e n t a n g ma s a l a h s i a p a k a h y a n g d a p a t me l a n j u t k a n h u b u n g -
a n h u k u m p e wa r i s a n i t u . Da l a m p r a k t e k s e r i n g t e r j a d i b i l a -
ma n a a d a s e o r a n g y a n g me n i n g g a l d u n i a d e n g a n me n i n g g a l k a n
h a r t a k e k a y a a n , ma k a a k a n t i mb u l p e r s e l i s i h a n d i a n t a r a
a n a k - a n a k n y a s e b a g a i a h l i wa r i s me n g e n a i p e mb a g i a n h a r t a
wa r i s a n t e r s e b u t . Ad a y a n g mi n t a b a g i a n l e b i h b a n y a k s e b a b
me r a s a b a h wa d i a 6 e b a g a i a n a k l a k i - l a k i t e r t u a , a t a u a d a
y a n g me r a s a b e r h a k u n t u k me n d a p a t wa r i s a n wa l a u p u n d i a d i -
l a h i r k a n o l e h i b u a t a u a y a h y a n g b e r l a i n a n a t a u d i l u a r
p e r k a wi n a n s e b a g a i a n a k l u a r k a wi n ,
Be g i t u p u l a s e r i n g t i mb u l p e r s e l i s i h a n k a r e n a s i
p e wa r i s t i d a k a d i l . Di a ( p e wa r i s ) s e b e l u m me n i n g g a l d u n i a
me mb u a t s u a t u p e s a n a t a u t e s t a me n t e r h a d a p h a r t a k e k a y a a n -
n y a , y a n g i s i n y a me n g u n t u n g k a n o r a n g l a i n a t a u p i h a k k e t i g a
y a n g b u k a n s a n a k k e l u a r g a n y a , d a n me r u g i k a n b a g i a n h a r t a
wa r i s a n d a r i p a d a a n a k - a n a k n y a s e n d i r i ma u p u n a n g g o t a k e l u -
a r g a n y a y a n g l a i n .
Da r i k e t e r a n g a n d i a t a s d i k e t a h u i b a h wa a h l i wa r i s
i t u b i s a d i g o l o n g k a n d a l a m d u a g o l o n g a n , y a i t u :
1. Ah l i wa r i s y a n g t i d a k b e r d a s a r k a n t e s t a me n , y a i t u a h l i
p
wa r i s a t a u o r a n g y a n g b e r h a k me wa r i s b e r d a s a r k a n a d a n y a
h u b u n g a n d a r a h d e n g a n p e wa r i s . Ah l i wa r i s i n i d i s e b u t
j u g a s e b a g a i a h l i wa r i s a b - i n t e s t a t o .
2. Ah l i wa r i s t e s t a me n t a i r , y a i t u a h l i wa r i s b e r d a s a r k a n
k e t e t a p a n s u a t u t e s t a me n .
Ad a n y a d u a g o l o n g a n a h l i wa r i s i n i j u g a s e r i n g me*. ' ,
n i mb u l k a n ma s a l a h , k a r e n a s a n a k k e l u a r g a p e wa r i s s e b a g a i
a h l i wa r i s b e r d a s a r k a n h u b u n g a n d a r a h a t a u a b - i n t e s t a t o
me r a s a d i r u g i k a n d e n g a n a d a n y a a h l i wa r i s t e s t a me n t a i r .
Mu n g k i n j u g a d a l a m h a l t e r s e b u t t e r j a d i s e n g k e t a
y a n g me n g a n g g a p b a h wa t e s t a me n y a n g d i b u a t o l e h p e wa r i s
i t u p a l s u . Ma k s u d n y a t e s t a me n t e r s e b u t s e b e n a r n y a t i d a k
d i b u a t o l e h p e wa r i 6 , t r t a p i o l e h o r a n g l a i n . S e h i n g g a t e s
t a me n t e r s e b u t t i d a k b e r l a k u a t a u b a t a l d e mi h u k u m.
S e d a n g k a n t e s t a n f e n i t u s e n d i r i me mp u n y a i t i g a ma c a r a
b e n t u k , y a i t u ; t e s t a me n u mu m, t e s t a me n o l o g r a f i s , d a n t e s
t a me n r a h a 6 i a «
Be r d a s a r k a n h a l - h a l t e r s e b u t d i a t a s , ma k a e a y a t e r -
t a r i k u n t u k r a e n u l i s ma s a l a h - ma s a l a h t e r s e b u t d e n g a n r u mu e a n
p e r ma s a l a h a n s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :
1. Ap a k a h y a n g a k a n t e r j a d i d e n g a n me n i n g g a l n y a s e s e o r a n g ,
y a i t u a p a k a h y a n g a k a n t e r j a d i d e n g a n h a k - h a k s e r t a k e
wa j i b a n - k e wa j i b a n d a r i o r a n g y a n g me n i n g g a l d u n i a ?
Ba g a i ma n a t e n t a n g s e g a l a s e s u a t u y a n g d i t i n g g a l k a n n y a ,
a p a k a h s e mu a h a k - h a k s e r t a k e wa j i b a n - k e wa j i b a n n y a j u g a
2. Ba g a i ma n a k a h k e d u d u k a n a h l i wa r i s b e r d a s a r k a n t e s t a r a e n ?
Ha l i n i j u g a a k a n s a y a b a h a s .
De n g a n a l a s a n i n i l a h ma k a s a y a t e r t a r i k u n t u k mer a -
b a h a s ma s a l a h k e d u d u k a n a h l i wa r i s t e s t a me n t a i r d a l a m p e -
wa r i s a n me n u r u t Bu r g e r l i j k We t b o e k , k a r e n a ma s a l a h i n i Be
r i n g me n i mb u l k a n p e r s e l i s i h a n d i a n t a r a s e s a ma a h l i wa r i s ,
b a i k i t u a h l i wa r i s a b - i n t e s t a t o ma u p u n a h l i wa r i s t e s t a
me n t a i r .
2. Pe n . j e l a s a n J u d u l
P e n g e r t i a n k e d u d u k a n y a n g s a y a p e r g u n a k a n d a l a m p e
-i
n u l i s a n s k r i p s i i n i a d a l a h me n g e n a i p o s i s i s e s e o r a n g y a n g
s e b e n a r n y a d a l a m p e wa r i s a n y a n g t e l a h j a t u h me l u a n g , S e -
d a n g k a n y a n g d i ma k s u d d e n g a n a h l i wa r i s t e s t a me n t a i r a d a
l a h a h l i wa r i s a t a u o r a n g y a n g b e r h a k me wa r i s b e r d a s a r k a n
k e t e t a p a n s u a t u t e s t a me n . P e wa r i s a n a d a l a h p r o s e s p e r a l i h -
a n h a k d a n k e wa j i b a n d a l a m b e n t u k ma t e r i i l .
3* Al a s a n P e mi l i h a n J u d u l
S e p e r t i a p a y a n g k i t a k e t a h u i , a k h i r - a k h i r i n i r a -
ma i s e k a l i d i b i c a r a k a n o r a n g me n g e n a i t e s t a me n , b a i k i t u
mo n g e n a i k e a s l i a n s u a t u t e s t a me n a t a u p u n me n g e n a i k e d u d u k
a n a h l i wa r i s t e s t a me n t a i r d a l a m s u a t u p e wa r i s a n . Ap a l a g i
d e n g a n a d a n y a k a s u s p e wa r i s a n Ha n P o o Ho k y a n g b e g i t u r a -
ma i h i n g g a d i mu a t d a l a m ma j a l a h - ma j a l a h ma u p u n k o r a n - k o r a n ,
Be r d a s a r k a n k e n y a t a a n i n i , s a y a t e r t a r i k u n t u k me n u l i s ma
s a l a h k e d u d u k a n a h l i wa r i s t e s t a me n t a i r , s u p a y a o r a n g y a n g
-men t a i r d a p a t me n g e r t i , b a g a i ma n a s e b e n a r n y a k e d u d u k a n a h
l i wa r i s t e r s e b u t . Di s a mp i n g i t u d e n g a n a d a n y a p e n u l i s a n
s k r i p s i i n i , s a y a b e r h a r a p a g a r ma s y a r a k a t b e r h a t i - h a t i
d a l a m me mb u a t s u a t u t e s t a me n , S e h i n g g a b i l a o r a n g t e r s e b u t
me n i n g g a l d u n i a t i d a k - t i mb u l s e n g k e t a d i a n t a r a s e s a ma a h
l i wa r i s .
Tu . i u a n P e n u l i s a n
Be r d a s a r k a n k e t e n t u a n y a n g a d a , s e o r a n g ma h a s i s wa
y a n g h e n d a k me n y e l e s a i k a n s t u d i n y a p a d a s u a t u P e r g u r u a n
Ti n g g i wa j i b me mb u a t s u a t u k a r y a t u l i s y a n g b e r u p a s k r i p s i .
Da l a m k a i t a n i n i l a h s a y a me mb u a t d a n me n y u s u n s k r i p s i i n i .
S e l a i n i t u , j u g a u n t u k me mb e r i k a n 6 e d i k i t s u mb a n g a n p e mi -
k i r a n k e p a d a ma s y a r a k a t t e n t a n g ma s a l a h a h l i wa r i s t e s t a
me n t a i r , De n g a n s u a t u h a r a p a n me l a l u i p e r ma s a l a h a n y a n g
s a y a k e mu k a k a n , p a r a ma h a s i s wa y a n g l a i n me r a s a t e r u n d a n g
u n t u k me n e l a a h l e b i h d a l a m l a g i .
5. Me t o d o l o g i
a . P e n d e k a t a n ma s a l a h .
T e r h a d a p ma s a l a h y a n g d i b a h a s i n i , s a y a me l a k u k a n
p e n d e k a t a n ma s a l a h s e c a r a y u r i d i s d a n s o s i o l o g i s . Yu r i d i s
d a l a m a r t i , me n i t i k b e r a t k a n p a d a p e r a t u r a n p e r u n d a n g - u n d a n g -
a n y a n g b e r l a k u s e b a g a i p e d o ma n p e mb a h a s a n ma s a l a h . S e d a n g -
k a n Ro s i o l o g i o d a l a m a r t i me n e l i t i d a n me n g a ma t i d a r i s e g i
p r a k t e k p e n y e l e n g g a r a a n d a l a m ma s y a r a k a t s e c a r a n y a t a .
b. S u mb e r d a t a .
s u mb e r u t a ma s k r i p s i i n i a d a l a h l i t e r a t u r a t a u b u k u - b u k u
b a c a a n y a n g a d a d i p e r p u s t a k a a n , ma u p u n y a n g s a y a mi l i k i .
Di s a mp i n g i t u j u g a b a h a n - b a h a n b a c a a n l a i n n y a s e p e r t i ,
s u r a t k a b a r ma u p u n ma j a l a h , s e r t a d e n g a n me l i h a t p r a k t e k
d i p e n g a d i l a n .
c , P r o s e d u r e p e n g u mp u l a n d a n p e n g o l a h a n d a t a .
Be r h u b u n g p e n u l i s a n s k r i p s i i n i d i d a s a r k a n p a d a f a k -
t a a t a u k e n y a t a a n , ma k a d a t a i n i d i k u mp u l k a n d e n g a n j a l a n
me mb a c a b u k u - b u k u y a n g a d a h u b u n g a n n y a d e n g a n p e mb a h a s a n -
ma s a l a h i n i . J u g a d a r i i n s t a n s i y a n g me mp u n y a i h u b u n g a n d e
n g a n p e mb a h a 6 a n s k r i p s i i n i . S e t e l a h d a t a t e r k u mp u l , d i l a -
k u k a n p e n g e l o mp o k a n d a n p e p y e l e k s i a n a n t a r a d a t a y a n g e r a t
k a i t a n n y a d e n g a n p o k o k p e r ma s a l a h a n d e n g a n d a t a y a n g k u r a n g
e r a t k a i t a n n y a d e n g a n p o k o k p e r ma s a l a h a n , t e t a p i t e t a p d i -
p e r l u k a n d a l a m me n g a d a k a n p e mb a h a s a n .
d. An a l i s i s d a t a .
Da l a m me n g a d a k a n a n a l i s i s d a t a s a y a me n g g u n a k a n me -
t o d e d e d u k s i , i n d u k s i , s e r t a a n a l i t i k s i n t e t i k . De d u k s i
a d a l a h s u a t u p e n a r i k a n k e s i mp u l a n d a r i k e a d a a n y a n g u mu m
u n t u k d i t e r a p k a n p a d a h a l - h a l a t a u p e r s o a l a n - p e r s o a l a n k h u -
s u b . I n d u k s i a d a l a h s u a t u c a r a u n t u k me mp e l a j a r i s e s u a t u
d e n g a n me n y e l i d i k i f a k t a - f a k t a d a n me r a f c g k a i k a n f a k t a - f a k t a
y a n g k h u s u s i t u me n j a d i s u a t u p e me c a h a n y a n g b e r s i f a t u mu m,
An a l i t i k s i n t e t i k a d a l a h me mp e l a j a r i f a k t a - f a k t a k h u s u s me - - *
n u j u k e s u a t u p e r n y a t a a n u mu m, k e mu d i a n me n a r i k k e s i mp u l a n
me me c a h k an p e r s o a l a n t e r t e n t u .
P e n g g u n a a n me t o d e - me t o d e t e r s e b u t d i h a r a p k a n p e mb a *
h a s a n d a p a t me me n u h i s a s a r a n y a n g d i h a r a p k a n . S e h i n g g a p e -
n u l i s a n s k r i p s i i n i d a p a t d i p e r t a n g g u n g j a wa b k a n s e c a r a i l -
mi a h .
6 . Pe r t a n g f t u n K. j a wa b a n S i s t e ma t i k a
S k r i p s i i n i s a y a s u s u n d e n g a n me n g g u n a k a n s i s t e ma - .
t i k a s e b a g a i t e r s e b u t d i b a wa h i n i .
P a d a a wa l s e k a l i s a y a a k a n me mb a h a s s e c a r a u mu m a p a
y a n g me n j a d i p e r ma s a l a h a n , d e n g a n j a l a n me r u mu s k a n n y a s e
c a r a u mu m. Ha l d e mi k i a n i n i s a y a l a k u k a n s e b a b b a g i a n a wa l
a d a l a h b a g i a n p e n g e n a l a n s e c a r a u mu m d a n me n y e l u r u h d a r i
i s i p o k o k p e mb a h a s a n s e l a n j u t n y a . Da l a m b a g i a n i n i s a y a j u -
g a me n t f e mu k a k a n d a n me mb e r i p e n j e l a s a n t e n t a n g j u d u l s k r i p
-4
s i , a l a s a n - a l a s a n s a y a me r a i l i h j u d u l t e r s e b u t , s e r t a t u j u -
a n y a n g i n g i n d i c a p a i d a l a m me mb a h a s ma s a l a h s k r i p s i i n i ,
me t o d e p e n u l i s a n y a n g s a y a p e r g u n a k a n , d a n y a n g t e r a k h i r
a d a l a h me mp e r t a n g g u n g j a wa b k a n s i s t e ma t i k a p e mb a h a s a n . P e m
b a h a s a n i n i s a y a l e t a k k a n d a l a m Ba b I .
Da l a m Ba b I I s a y a a k a n me n j e l a s k a n t e n t a n g p e n g e r t i -
a n u mu m p e wa r i s a n y a n g me n y a n g k u t t i mb u l n y a p e wa r i s a n d a n
ma c a m- ma c a mn y a , c a r a - c a r a d a n s y a r a t - s y a r a t p e wa r i s a n , e e r -
t a h a r t a p e n i n g g a l a n y a n g d a p a t d i wa r i s . S a y a me l e t a k k a n
p e mb a h a s a n i n i d a l a m Ba b I I k a r e n a d e n g a n d i k e t a h u i n y a h a l -
h a l t e r s e b u t d i a t a s ( k h u s u s n y a t e n t a n g a h l i wa r i s ) , ma k $
-t s men t a i r .
Be r i k u t n y a s a y a a k a n me mb a h a s me n g e n a i a p a y a n g d i -
s e b u t t e s t a me n s e r t a b e n t u k - b e n t u k n y a , d a n b a g a i ma n a per n-
b a t a s a n n y a d e n g a n a d a n y a l e g i t i e me p o r t i e . S e h i n g g a d i k e -
t a h u i k e d u d u k a n a h l i wa r i s t e s t a me n t a i r . I n i s a y a j e l a s k a n
d a l a m Ba b I I I .
De n g a n me ma h a mi h a l - h a l t e r s e b u t d i a t a s , d a l a m
Ba b I V s a y a me n c o b a me n e r a p k a n n y a d a l a m s u a t u k a s u s u n t u k
d i b a h a s d a n d i k e t a h u i b a g a i ma n a s e s u n g ^ u h n y a b i l a ma s a l a h
d i a t a s t e r j a d i d i d a l a m p r a k t e k . De n g a n d e mi k i a n ma s a l a h
t e r s e b u t me n j a d i j e l a s .
P a d a a k h i r p e mb a h a s a n , s a y a a k a n me mb u a t k e s i mp u l a n
d a n s a r a n . Ha l i n i s a y a ma k s u d k a n u n t u k me mb e r i k a n i n f o r -
ma s i k a p a d a ma s y a r a k a t b a h wa u n t u k me mb u a t t e s t a me n i t u
h a r u s d i p e r h a t i k a n a t u r a n - a t u r a n y a n g b e r l a k u . S e h i n g g a
b i l a p e mb u a t t e s t a me n t e r s e b u t me n i n g e a l d u n i a d a p a t d i h i n -
d a r k a n t e r j a d i n y a p e r s e l i s i h a n a n t a r a s e s a ma a h l i wa r i s .
Ke s i mp u l a n d a n s a r a n i n i s a y a l e t a k k a n p a d a Ba b P e n u t u p ,
T I NJ AUAN T E NT ANG P E WARI S AN
1. T i mh u l n y a P e wa r i s a n d a n Ma c a m- ma c a mn y a
P a d a d a s a r n y a ma n u s i a h i d u p d i d u n i a me n g a l a mi t i g a
p e r i s t i wa p e n t i n g , y a i t u k e l a h i r a n , p e r k a wi n a n , d a n k e ma t i -
a n . Ti g a p e r i s t i wa i n i s e p e r t i l i n g k a r a n y a n g s e l a l u me n g e -
Li l i n g i h i d u p ma n u s i a d a n y a n g s e l a l u d i h a d a p i d a l a m k e h i -
d u p a n b e r ma s y a r a k a t p a d a u mu mn y a d a n s e s e o r a n g p a d a k h u s u s -
n y a .
P e r i s t i wa p e r t a ma , y a i t u k e l a h i r a n . Ke l a h i r a n a d a l a h
s u a t u p e r i s t i wa l a h i r n y a s e o r a n g ma n u s i a d i d u n i a i n i s e b a
g a i a n g g o t a k e l u a r g a d a n s e k a l i g u s s e b a g a i a n g g o t a ma e y a r a -
k a t . S e j a k a d a n y a k e l a h i r a n i n i ma k a t i mb u l l a h h a k - h a k d a n
k e wa j i b a n - k e wa j i b a n a n t a r a s i b a y i d e n g a n k e d u a o r a n g t u a -
n y a ( k e c u a l i p a s a l 2 B. W. , me s k i p u n b a y i ma s i h d a l a m k a n -
d u n g a n , k a l a u k e p e n t i n g a n n y a me n g h e n d a k i , ma k a b a y i d a l a m
k a n d u n g a n t e r s e b u t d i a n g g a p s u d a h a d a s u d a h l a h i r ) .
P e r i s t i wa k e d u a a d a l a h p e r k a wi n a n . Me n u r u t p a s a l 1
Un d a n g - u n d a n g No . 1 t a h u n 197*t , P e r k a wi n a n a d a l a h i k a t a n l a
h i r b a t i n a n t a r a s e o r a n g p r i a d e n g a n s e o r a n g wa n i t a s e b a g a i
s u a mi i s t r i d e n g a n t u j u a n me mb e n t u k k e l u a r g a y a n g b a h a g i a
d a n k e k a l b e r c t a s a r k a n Ke t u h a n a n Ya n g Ma h a Es a . Me mb e n t u k
k e l u a r p a y a n g b a h a g i a , e r a t h u b u n g a n n y a d e n g a n k e t u r u n a n ,
d o n k o t u r u n a n - k e t u r u n a n i n i l a h y a n g k e l a k a k a n me n g g a n t i k a n
o r a n g t u a n y a a p a b i l a o r a n g t u a n y a me n i n g g a l d u n i a ( r a a k s u d -
g a l t e r s e b u t ) , Di s a mp i n g i t u p u l a a n a k me r u p a k a n wa r i s
p e r t a ma b a g i h a r t a p e n i n g g a l a n o r a n g t u a n y a .
P e r i s t i wa k e ma t i a n , y a n g me r u p a k a n p e r i s t i wa k e t i g a
me r u p a k a n p e r i s t i wa y a n g p e n t i n g b a g i ma n u s i a d a l a m k e h i -
d u p a n b e r ma s y a r a k a t . Ba g i ma s y a r a k a t , d e n g a n me n i n g g a l n y a
s e s e o r a n g b e r a r t i t e l a h k e h i l a n g a n s a l a h s a t u wa r g s n y a
y a n g mu n g k i n me mp u n y a i k e d u d u k a n p e n t i n g d a l a m ma s y a r a k a t
t e r s e b u t ( mi s a l n y a s e b a g a i p e mu k a a g a ma , t o k o h ma s y a r a k a t ,
d a n s e b a g a i n y a ) . Di s a mp i n g i t u p u l a , s e s e o r a n g t e r s e b u t
t e n t u n y a t e l a h me n i n g g a l k a n h a k - h a k d a n k e wa j i b a n - k e wa j i b -
a n n y a d a l a m ma s y a r a k a t . Ha k - h a k d a n k e wa j i b a n - k e wa j i b a n
i n i a k a n t e t a p d i p e r s o a l k a n , wa l a u p u n o r a n g t e r s e b u t t e l a h
me n i n g g a l d u n i a , k a r e n a h a l i n i b e r h u b u n g a n d e n g a n s u a t u
p e r i s t i wa , y a i t u p e r i s t i wa p e wa r i s a n . " P e wa r i s a n a d a l a h
s u a t u p r o s e s a p a k a h d a n b a g a i ma n a b e r b a g a i h a k d a n k e wa j i b -
a n t e n t a n g k e k a y a a n s e s e o r a n g p a d a wa k t u i a me n i n g g a l d u n i a ,
a k a n b e r a l i h k e p a d a o r a n g l a i n y a n g ma s i h h i d u p 1' . ^
Da r i k o t e r a n g a n t e r s e b u t , d a p a t l a h d i a mb i l k e s i mp u l
a n b a h wa p e wa r i s a n i t u t i mb u l s e j a k t e r j a d i n y a p e r i s t i wa
k e ma t i a n , S e h i n g g a k e ma t i a n me r u p a k a n s y a r a t mu t l a k u n t u k
d a p a t t e r j a d i n y a p e wa r i s a n , 6 e p e r t i h a l n y a y a n g d i a t u r d a
l a m p a s a l 8 3 0 B. W. y a i t u , " P e wa r i s a n h a n y a b e r l a n g s u n ^ k a
r e n a k e ma t i a n "
^ I b i d , , h. 8.
P e wa r i s a n i t u d i b e d a k a n d a l a m d u a ma c a m, y a i t u :
1. P e wa r i s a n b e r d a s a r k a n u n d a n g - u n d a n g , d i s e b u t j u g a p e wa
r i s a n a b - i n t e s t a t o .
2. P e wa r i s a n b e r d a s a r k a n t e s t a me n , y a n g d i s e b u t j u g a s e b a
g a i p e wa r i s a n t e s t a me n t a i r .
Di d a l a m B. W. k i t a p e wa r i s a n b e r d a s a r k a n u n d a n g - u n d a n g d i -
b i c a r a k a n t e r l e b i h d a h u l u , b a r u k e mu d i a n p e wa r i s a n t e s t a
me n t a i r .
Me n u r u t p a s a l 8 3 2 B. Vf . a h l i wa r i s me n u r u t u n d a n g -
u n d a n g a d a l a h s a n a k k e l u a r g a d a n j a n d a a t a u d u d a . I n i b e r -
a r t i u n t u k me n j a d i a h l i wa r i s a b - i n t e s t a t o h a r u s l a h a d a
h u b u n g a n d a r a h ( k e c u a l i s u a mi a t a u i s t r i y a n g s a l i n g me wa -
r i s , b i l a s a l a h s e o r a n g d a r i k e d u a n y a me n i n g g a l d u n i a ) .
J a d i a h l i wa r i 6 me n u r u t u n d a n g - u n d a n g ( a b - i n t e s t a t o - )
a d a
l a h a h l i b e r d a s a r k a n a d a n y a h u b u n g a n k e l u a r g a d e n g a n p e wa r i s s a mp a i d e n g a n d e r a j a t k e e n a m, d a n j a n d a a t a u d u d a . S e -
d a n g k a n o r a n g - o r a n g y a n g me n j a d i s a n a k k e l u a r g a k a r e n a
p e r k a wi n a n , b u k a n l a h a h l i wa r i s a b - i n t e s t a t o . De mi k i a n p u
l a d e n g a n b e k a s s u a mi a t a u i s t r i y a n g p e r k a wi n a n n y a t e l a h
d i b u b a r k a n p a d a wa k t u h i d u p n y a s i p e wa r i s , e n t a h k a r e n a
p e r c o r a i a n a t a u k a r e n a a l a s a n l a i n . Ak a n t e t a p i u n t u k s u
a mi i s t r i y a n g h a n y a p i s a h me j a d a n t e mp a t t i d u r , s u a mi
a t a u i s t r i y a n g ma s i h h i d u p b e r h a k u n t u k me wa r i s .
Ah l i wa r i s a b - i n t e s t a t o d a p a t d i b a g i d a l a m e mp a t
g o l o n g a n , y a i t u :
i s t r i y a n g h i d u p t e r l a ma , a n a k - a n a k s e r t a k e t u r u n a n n y a .
2. Ah l i wa r i s g o l o n g a n I I , y a i t u o r a n g t u a ( a y a h d a n a t a u
i b u ) , e a u d a r a - s a u d a r a s e k a n d u n g s e r t a k e t u r u n a n n y a .
3. Ah l i wa r i s g o l o n g a n I I I , t e r d i r i d a r i k a k e k d a n n e n e k ,
b a i k d a r i p i h a k a y a h a t a u p u n i b u s e r t a l e l u h u r , s e t e -
r u s n y a k e a t a s d a r i p a d a p e wa r i s .
Ah l i wa r i s g o l o n g a n I V, y a i t u p a ma n d a n b i b i , b a i k d a r i
p i h a k a y a h ma u p u n i b u , k e t u r u n a n me r e k a s a mp a i d e r a j a t
k e e n a m, s e r t a s a u d a r a - s a u d a r a d a r i k a k e k d a n n e n e k b e -
s e r t a k e t u r u n a n n y a , s a mp a i d e r a j a t k e e n a m d a r i p e wa r i s .
Da l a m p e mb a g i a n wa r i s a n t e r d a p a t k e t e n t u a n - k e t e n t u -
a n s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :
Ap a b i l a a h l i wa r i s ; g o l o n g a n I ma s i h a d a , a t a u ma s i h h i d u p ,
ma k a a h l i wa r i s g o l o n g a n I I d a n s e l a n j u t n y a t i d a k a k a n d a -
p a t me wa r i s , k a r e n a t e r t u t u p o l e h a h l i wa r i s g o l o n g a n I
t a d i . T e t a p i a p a b i l a a h l i g o l o n g a n I t i d a k a d a , ma k a a h l i
wa r i s g o l o n g a n I I y a n g me wa r i s , d e mi k i a n s e t e r u s n y a . Ha l
i n i b e r a r t i p e n g g o l o n g a n a h l i wa r i s t e r s e b u t b e r s i f a t p e m-
b e d a a n p r i o r i t a s . Ka l a u s e mu a g o l o n g a n a h l i wa r i s t i d a k
a d a , ma k a n e g a r a l a h y a n g me n e r i ma h a r t a p e n i n g g a l a n , t e t a
p i t i d a k s e b a g a i a h l i wa r i s , k a r e n a n e g a r a h a n y a d i wa j i b -
k a n u n t u k me mb a y a r h u t a n g - h u t a n g s i p e n i n g g a l wa r i s a n s e -
k e d a r wa r i s a n n y a i t u me n c u k u p i . S e l a n j u t n y a n e g a r a t i d a k
b o l e h me mi l i k i h a r t a wa r i s a n s e b e l u m a d a k e p u t u s a n d a r i
h a k i m ( p a s a l 8 3 3 a y a t 3 B. W. ) .
di ma k s u d d e n g a n p e wa r i s a n t e s t a me n t a i r , y a i t u a p a b i l a s e o -
r a n g y a n g s e ma s a h i d u p n y a s u d a h me mi k i r k a n b a g a i ma n a c a r a
y a n g b a i k u n t u k me wa r i s k a n h a r t a k e k a y a a n n y a s e t e l a h i a
me n i n g g a l d u n i a . Mu n g k i n s a j a i a ma u me n y i mp a n g i k e t e n t u a n -
k e t e n t u a n d i d a l a m h u k u m wa r i s y a n g b i a s a n y a d i p a k a i , k a r e
n a i a me n g a n g g a p b a h wa k e t e n t u a n i t u t i d a k s e s u a i d e n g a n
k e h e n d a k n y a . At a u , i a b e r a n g g a p a n p u l a b a h wa d e n g a n me n y i m
p a n g i k e t e n t u a n - k e t e n t u a n y a n g b i a s a n y a d i p a k a i i t u , ma k a
i a b e r h a r a p p e r s e l i s i h a n d i a n t a r a a h l i wa r i s d i k e mu d i a n
h a r i b i s a d i h i n d a r i . Ol e h k a r e n a i t u d i t e t a p k a n l a h s u a t u
k e t e n t u a n t e r s e n d i r i me n g e n a i s i a p a k a h y a n g a k a n me n d a p a t -
k a n b a r a n g - b a r a n g t e r t e n t u d a r i h a r t a wa r i s a n , a t a u s i a p a
k a h y a n g a k a n d i j a d i k a n a h l i wa r i s n y a . Ke t e n t u a n - k e t e n t u a n
y a n g d i b u a t o l e h s e s e o r a n g t a d i h a r u s d i mu a t d a l a m s u a t u
t e s t a me n . P e wa r i s a n d a l a m b e n t u k d e mi k i a n y a n g d i n a ma k a n
p o wa r i c a n b e r d a s a r k a n t e s t a me n .
Da l a m p e wa r i s a n t e s t a me n t a i r , p e wa r i s d a p a t me n y a -
t a k ^ n a t a u me n e n t u k a n a p a y a n g a k a n t e r j a d i t e r h a d a p h a r t a
k e k a y a a n n y a s e t e l a h i a me n i n g g a l d u n i a . P e r n y a t a a n p e n e n -
a n i n i d a p a t d i n a ma k a n j u g a k e h e n d a k t e r a k h i r d a r i p e wa r i s
Ke h - n d a k t e r a n k i r i n i b i a s a n y a s e l a l u d i h o r ma t i o l e h a h l i
wa r i s n y a , s e h i n g g a me r e k a r e l a r a e l a k u k a n k e h e n d a k t e r a k h i r
p e wa r i s t e r s e b u t , k a r e n a a h l i wa r i s me n g a n g g a p b a h wa k e h e n
d a k t e r a k h i r i t u s e b a g a i s u a t u p e s a n t e r a k h i r y a n g d i i n g i n -
k a n o l e h p e wa r i s .
S e s e o r a n g i t u d a p a t me wa r i s d e n g a n d u a c a r a , y a i t u :
a . Me wa r i s d e n g a n k e k u a t a n d i r i s e n d i r i .
Me wa r i s u n t u k d i r i s e n d i r i a t a u k e k u a t a n d i r i s e n d i r i
ma k s u d n y a a d a l a h o r a n g y a n g me mp u n y a i k e d u d u k a n s e b a g a i a h
l i wa r i s d a l a m h a r t a p e n i n g g a l a n y a n g d i t i n g g a l k a n o l e h p e
wa r i s . S e b a g a i c o n t o h : A me mp u n y a i d u a o r a n g a n a k , y a i t u
0 d a n C. B d a n C i n i ma s i n g - r a a s i n g me mp u n y a i a n a k . B d a n C
t e l a h me mb u n u h a y a h n y a , d a n k a r e n a i t u me r e k a t e l a h d i h u k u m.
Un t u k i n i c u c u A ( a n a k - a n a k B d a n C) me wa r i s i h a r t a p e n i n g
g a l a n A u n t u k d i r i s e n d i r i a t a u d e n g a n k e k u a t a n d i r i s e n d i
r i . Ba h wa a y a h me r e k a a d a l a h o r a n g y a n g t i d a k p a n t a s u n t u k
me n e r i ma wa r i s a n , t i d a k me n g h a l a n g i h a l i n i , P e mb u a t u n d a n g -
u n d a n g t e l a h me n g a t u r p u l a b a h wa a y a h y a n g t i d a k p a n t a s i t u -
p u n t i d a k d a p a t me n i k r a a t i d e n g a n j a l a n t i d a k l a n g s u n g d a r i
h a r t a p e n i n g g a l a n i t u , d a n k a r e n a i t u k e p a d a me r e k a t i d a k
d i b e r i k a n h a k o r a n g t u a u n t u k me n i k ma t i h a s i l d a r i b a r a n g -
b a r a n g y a n g d i wa r i s i g l e h a n a k - a n a k me r e k a d a r i a y a h n y a ( A) .
S e b a g a i o r a n g t u a , me r e k a
me mang
me me g a n g p e n g e l o l a a n d a r ib a g i a n - b a g i a n k e k a y a a n y a n g d i p e r o l e h a n a k - a n a k n y a .
b. Me wa r i s d e n g a n , a t a u k a r e n a p e n g g a n t i a n t e mp a t .
Ma k s u d n y a a d a l a h a h l i wa r i s a t a u o r a n g y a n g mu n c u l d a l a m
p e wa r i s a n u n t u k me n g g a n t i k a n o r a n g l a i n y a n g me r u p a k a n a h l i
wa r i s s e b e n a r n y a . Or a n g l a i n i t u h a r u s l a h s u d a h me n i n g g a l
d u n i a s e b e l u m p e wa r i s me n i n g g a l d u n i a . Mi s a l n y a : A me n i n g
g a l d u n i a , i a me mp u n y a i d u a o r a n g a n a k , y a i t u B d a n C.
Un t u k i n i , ma k a D d a p a t me n g g a n t i k a n k e d u d u k a n C d a l a m
me -
wa r i s i h a r t a p e n i n g g a l a n A. Ke d u d u k a n o r a n g y a n g me n g g a n t i k a n a h l i wa r i s a d a l a h s a ma d e n g a n o r a n g y a n g d i g a n t i k a n n y a .
Me wa r i s d e n g a n p e n g g a n t i a n t e mp a t h a n y a t e r j a d i p a d a k e t u -
r u n a n y a n g s a h , s e d a n g k a n u n t u k a n a k l u a r k a wi n d a n a h l i
wa r i s t e s t a me n t a i r , . t i d a k d a p a t * Ha l i n i d i s e b a b k a n a n a k
l u a r k a wi n ( ma a k i p u n s u d a h d i a k u i ) ; t i d a k me mp u n y a i h u b u n g a n
d e n g a n k e l u a r g a s e d a r a h d a r i a y a h d a n y a n g me n g a k u i n y a .
Un t u k i t u t i d a k a k a n t e r j a d i p e wa r i s a n p a d a o r a n g y a n g b u
k a n k e l u a r g a e e d a r a h . P e n g a k u a n p a d a a n a k l u a r k a wi n h a n y a
b e r s i f a t h u b u n g a n p e r d a t a ( h u k u m k e l u a r g a ) a n t a r a a n a k l u - *
a r k a wi n d e n g a n o r a n g y a n g me n g a k u i n y a ( p a s a l 2 8 0 B. W. ) .
Un t u k me mp e r o l e h wa r i s a n , h a r u s l a h d i p e n u h i b e b e r a -
p a s y a r a t t e r t e n t u , y a i t u :
1. Ad a n y a o r a n g y a n g me n i n g g a l d u n i a , y a n g d i s e b u t s e b a g a i
p e wa r i s ( p a s a l 8 3 0 B. W. ) .
2. S e o r a n g a t a u b e b e r a p a o r a n g wa r i s y a n g b e r h a k me n e r i ma
h a r t a p e n i n g g a l a n p e wa r i s , h a r u s s u d a h a d a p a d a wa k t u
p e wa r i s me n i n g g a l d u n i a ( p a s a l 8 3 6 B. W. ) .
3. Ad a n y a h a r t a wa r i s a n , y a i t u h a r t a k e k a y a a n y a n g d i t i n g -
g a l k a n o l e h p e wa r i s d a n y a n g b e r a l i h k a p a d a a h l i wa r i s
n y a ,
S y a r a t p e r t a ma a d a l a h s y a r a t y a n g p e n t i n g , k a r e n a
d e n g a n me n i n g g a l n y a s e s e o r a n g ma k a t i mb u l l a h p e wa r i s a n ,
d a n s e j a k s a a t i t u l a h wa r i s a n d a p a t d i b a g i k a n k e p a d n a h l i
S y a r a t k e d u a me n g a n d u n g s u a t u k e h a r u s a n b a h wa k e t i
-k a p e wa r i s me n i n g g a l d u n i a , a h l i wa r i s s u d a h a d a . I n i b e r -
l a k u , b a i k b a g i a h l i wa r i s a b - i n t e s t a t o ( b e r d a s a r k a n h u -
b u n g a n d a r a h a t a u k e k e l u a r g a a n ) ma u p u n a h l i wa r i s t e s t a
me n t a i r , y a n g s e b e l u mn y a t e l a h d i t e t a p k a n o l e h p e wa r i s d a
l a m s u a t u t e s t a me n . De n g a n d e mi k i a n b i l a a h l i wa r i s i t u
s u d a h me n i n g g a l t e r l e b i h d a h u l u d a r i p e wa r i s , ma k a a h l i wa
r i s t e r s e b u t t i d a k a k a n d a p a t me wa r i s . Ya n g d a p a t me wa r i s
h a n y a l a h k e t u r u n a n n y a , y a i t u d e n g a n c a r a me n g g a n t i k a n t e m-
p a t k e d u d u k a n o r a n g t u a n y a y a n g me r u p a k a n a h l i wa r i s s e -
s u n g g u h n y a , P e n g g a n t i a n i n i h a n y a b e r l a k u u n t u k a h l i wa r i s
a b - i n t e s t a t o .
Me n g e n a i s a a t k e ma t i a n d a p a t me n i mb u l k a n ma s a l a h ,
j i k a s e s e o r a n g y a n g me mp u n y a i h u b u n g a n s a l i n g me wa r i s t e r -
n y a t a t e l a h me n i n g g a l d u n i a p a d a wa k t u y a n g b e r s a ma a n , a t a u -
p u n t i d a k d a p a t d i t e n t u k a n s i a p a k a h y a n g t e l a h me n i n g g a l d u
n i a t e r l e b i h d a h u l u . Mi s a l n y a , b i l a ma n a t e r j a d i k e c e l a k a a n ,
d i ma n a s i p e n i n g g a l wa r i s a n d a n a h l i wa r i s n y a i t u ke dua *j , . <
d u a n y a me n i n g g a l d u n i a , y a n g me n g a k i b a t k a n t i mb u l n y a ma s a
l a h , y a i t u mu n g k i n k a h t e r j a d i s u a t u p e r p i n d a h a n h a r t a wa r i a -
a n a p a b i l a s i p e n i n g g a l wa r i s a n b e r s a ma - s a ma a h l i wa r i s n y a
m&np' - i l a mi k e c e l a k a a n d a n me n i n g g a l d u n i a t a n p a d i k e t a h u i
d e n r hi t e p a t s i n p a y a n g me n i n g g a l d u n i a t e r l e b i h d a h u l u a n -
t a r a p e n i n g g a l wa r i s a n d e n g a n a h l i wa r i s n y a . P a s a l
836
B. ’V. me n e n t u k a n b a h wa " d e n g a n me n g i n g a t a k a n k e t e n t u a n d a r i
h a r u s t e l a h a d a p a d a e a a t wa r i s a n j a t u h me l u a n g " . ^
Da l a m
h a l i n i p a s a l 8 3 1 B. W. me n e n t u k a n b a h wa a p a b i l a b e b e r a p ao r a n g a n t a r a ma n a y a n g s a t u a d a l a h me n j a d i wa r i s y a n g l a i n
me n g a l a mi k e c e l a k a a n b e r s a ma - s a ma a t a u p a d a h a r i y a n g
s a n a
me n i n g e a l d u n i a t a n p a d i k e t a h u i s i a p a y a n g me n i n g g a l t e r l e -b i h d a h u l u , ma k a me r e k a d i a n g g a p me n i n g g a l d u n i a d a l a m
wa k
t u y a n g s a ma . De n g a n d e mi k i a n t i d a k t e r j a d i p e r p i n d a h a nh a r t a wa r i s a n d a r i y a n g s a t u k e p a d a y a n g l a i n .
S y a r a t k e t i g a me n g a n d u n g s u a t u p e n y e l e s a i a n t e n t a n g
h a r t a k e k a y a a n y a n g ma n a y a n g d i t i n g g a l k a n p e wa r i s d a p a t
b e r a l i h k e p a d a a h l i wa r i s n y a . Ha l i n i u n t u k me n e n t u k a n b a h
wa t i d a k s e mu a y a n g d i mi l i k i o l e h p e wa r i s d a p a t b e r a l i h k e
p a d a a h l i wa r i s n y a . Mi s a l n y a y a n g t i d a k d a p a t d i wa r i s
a d a
l a h ; p e r j a n j i a n b u r u h d a n ma j i k a n y a n g t e r h e n t i d e n g a n . me -n i n g g a l n y a s i b u r u h , s e r t a h a k - h a k y a n g a d a d i d a l a m
B. W,
s e p e r t i , h a k me me t i k h a s i l , h a k p a k a i , d a nHa k me n d i a a i d a r i
s u a t u b a r a n g .3. F n r t a P e n i n g g a l a n Ya n g Da p a t Di wa r i s k a n
Me n u r u t p a s a l 8 3 3 a y a t 1 B. W, : S e mu a a h l i wa r i s b e r -
t i n d a k s e l a k u p e mi l i k a t a s h a r t a b e n d a p e wa r i s d a n me mp e r o -
l e h h a k b a g i d i r i n y a u n t u k me n g a d a k a n d a k wa a n - d a k wa a n .
Ha l
i n i b i a s a n y a d i s e b u t d e n g a n " S a i s l n e " . Ka t a i n i b e r a s a ld a
r i b a h a s a P e r a n c i s " l e mo r t s a i s i t l e v i f " , y a n g b e r a r t i ,p e r i s t i wa o r a n g me n i n g g a l d i p a n d a n g s e b a g a i p e mb e r i a n k e
s e mp a t an k e p a d a y a n g ma s i h h i d u p u n t u k me mi l i k i s e r a ua b a -
r a n g - b a r a n g n y a . Ma k s u d n y a , a h l i wa r i s b e r t i d a k k e d a l a m h a k
d a n k e wa j i b a n p e wa r i s s e g e r a s e t e l a h p e n i n g g a l wa r i s a n ( p e
wa r i s ) me n i n g g a l , t a n p a d i p e r l u k a n p e r b u a t a n - p e r b u a t a n d a r i
p i h a k p e wa r i s d a n t i d a k p e r l u p e mb e r i t a a n t e r l e b i h d a h u l u .
Di s a mp i n g i t u a h l i wa r i s j u g a me mp u n y a i h a k u n t u k
me n u n t u t h a r t a p e n i n g g a l a n y a n g d i wa r i 6 k a n k e p a d a a h l i wa
r i s , y a n g b i a s a n y a d i s e b u t d e n g a n " h e r e d i t a t i s p e t i t i o "
( p a s a l 8 3 4 B. W. ) . Ha k - * h a k i n i d i r a i l i k i b a i k o l e h a h l i wa r i s
a b - i n t e s t a t o ma u p u n t e s t a me n t a i r . De n g a n d e mi k i a n , a p a b i l a
s i p e wa r i s me n i n g g a l d u n i a t i d a k h a n y a me n i n g g a l k a n h a r t a
wa r i s a n y a n g b e r wu j u d b a r a n g - b a r a n g n y a t a , a k a n t e t a p i j u g a
me n i n g g a l k a n h u t a n g - h u t a n g y a n g s e h a r u s n y a d i b a y a r , a t a u
mu n g k i n s a j a me mp u n y a i p i u t a n g - p i u t a n g a t a u t a g i h a n - t a g i h a n
y a n g s e h a r u s n y a me n e r i ma p e l u n a s a n . Un t u k i n i k e t e n t u a n u n -
d a n g - u n d a n g , k h u s u s n y a d a l a m
B' . W
.
me ma n d a n g b a h wa y a n g d i - wa r i s o l e h a h l i wa r i s i t u t i d a k h a n y a h a l - h a l y a n g me n g u n -t u n g k a n s a j a b a g i me r e k a , a k a n t e t a p i j u g a h u t a n g - h u t a n g
d a r i s i p e wa r i s , Ma k s u d n y a , b a h wa k e wa j i b a n me mb a y a r h u t a n g -
h u t a n g i t u p a d a h a k e k a t n y a j u g a b e r a l i h k e p a d a a h l i wa r i s
n y a . Ha l i n i d e n g a n p a s a l 1 1 0 0 B. W. y a n g me n y a t a k a n :
" P a r a wa r i s y a n g t e l a h me n e r i ma s u a t u wa r i s a n d i wa j i b k a n d a
l a m h a l p e mb a y a r a n u t a n g , h i b a h wa e i a t , d a n l a i n - l a i n b e b a n ,
me mi k u l b a g i a n y a n g s e i mb a n g d e n g a n a p a y a n g d i t e r i ma ma
-n
s i n g - ma s i n g d a r i wa r i s a n " , S e d a n g k a n h a l - h a l y a n g t i d a k
d a pn t d i wa r i s ( s e p e r t i y a n g t e l a h s a y a j e l a s k a n s e b e l u mn y a )
a d a l a h ; h a k p a k a i , h a k me n d i a mi , h a k me me t i k h a s i l , d a n
KE DUDUKAN AHLI WARI S T E S T AME NT AI R
1. P e r i h a l T e s t a me n
Ke t e n t u a n p e r t a ma d a r i Ba b k e d u a b e l a s Ki t a b Un d a n g -
u n d a n g Hu k u m P e r d a t a ( B. W* ) p a s a l 87*f me n y a t a k a n , b a h wa
h a r t a k e k a y a a n y a n g d i t i n g g a l k a n s e s e o r a n g me n j a d i h a k a h -
Jl i wa r i s s a h , s e p a n j a n g t e n t a n g h a l i t u t i d a k d i t e n t u k a n Q
l a i n s e c a r a s a h . J a d i d i d a l a m B. W. , s u a t u wa r i s a n mu n g k i n
s a j a u n t u k s e b a g i a n d i p e r o l e h b e r d a s a r k a n u n d a n g - u n d a n g ,
d a n u n t u k Be b a g i a n y a n g l a i n d i p e r o l e h b e r d a s a r k a n t e s t a
me n , a t a u mu n g k i n j u g a s e l u r u h h a r t a wa r i s a n d i p e r o l e h b e r
d a s a r k a n t e s t a me n .
T e s t a me n a d a l a h s u a t u a k t a y a n g b e r i s i k a n p e r n y a t a a n
s e s e o r a n g t e n t a n g a p a y a n g a k a n a t a u h a r u s t e r j a d i , s e t e l a h
i a me n i n g g a l d u n i a , d a n y a n g o l e h n y a d a p a t d i c a b u t k e mb a l i
( p a s a l 8 7 5 B. W. ) , Da r i k r i t e r i a y a n g d i a t u r d a l a m p a s a l
t e r s e b u t , d a p a t l a h d i k a t a k a n b a h wa d a l a m t e s t a me n t e r k a n -
d u n g d u a s i f a t . P e r t a ma , b a r u b e r l a k u s e t e l a h s i p e mb u a t *
t e s t a me n ( s i p e wa r i s ) me n i n g g a l d u n i a . Ha l i n i t i d a k b e r a r -
t i b a h wa t e s t a me n h a r u s b e r l a k u s e g e r a s e t e l a h p e wa r i s me
n i n g e a l d u n i a . Cu k u p , a s a l b e r l a k u n y a d i g a n t u n g k a n d a r i k e
ma t i a n s i p e wa r i s . J a d i b i s a s a j a d i t e n t u k a n b a h wa t e s t a me n
i t u b a r u b e r l a k u s e t a h u n s e t e l a h s i p e wa r i s me n i n g g a l d u n i a .
Ke d u a , d a p a t d i c a b u t k e mb a l i s e p a n j a n g s i p e mb u a t t e s t a me n
8 I b i d . , h.
216
.t e r s e b u t ma 6i h h i d u p . Ma k s u d n y a a d a l a h s u a t u t e s t a me n i t u
d a p a t d i c a b u t a t a u p u n d i g a n t i o l e h s i p e mb u a t t e s t a me n .
I n i d a p a t d i l a k u k a n k a r e n a t e s t a me n i t u me r u p a k a n s u a t u
p e r b u a t a n h u k u m s e p i h a k d a r i s i p e mb u a t t e s t a me n , d a n b u -
k a n me r u p a k a n h a s i l s u a t u p e r b u a t a n h u k u m b e r s a ma d e n g a n
a h l i wa r i s . Un t u k i t u , a g a r d a l a m p e mb u a t a n n y a t i d a k d i -
p e n g a r u h i o l e h s u a t u p a k e a a n a t a u p u n t i p u mu s l i h a t d a r i
o r a n g l a i n y a n g me n u r u t i s i t e s t a me n i t u a k a n d a p a t s u a t u
k e u n t u n g a n , ma k a t i d a k d a p a t d i s a n g k a l l a g i b i l a ma n a u n -
d - mg - u n d a n g me mb a t a s i k e k u a s a a n me n g e n a i p e mb u a t a n t e s t a -
me n .
Di s a mp i n g i t u , d i d a l a m t e s t a me n t e r k a n d u n g d u a
p e n g e r t i a n . Di t i n j a u d a r i i s i n y a , t e s t a me n me r u p a k a n k e -
h e n d a k t e r a k h i r , y a i t u p e n e t a p a n k e h e n d a k t e r a k h i r e e s e -
o r a n g s e b e l u m i a me n i n ^ a l d u n i a . P e n g e r t i a n i n i b i a s a d i -
c e b u t p e n g e r t i a n t e s t a me n s e c a r a ma t e r i i l . P e n g e r t i a n t e s
t a me n y a n g k e d u a a d a l a h d i t i n j a u d a r i s e g i b e n t u k n y a ( t o r -
mi l n y a ) # Un t u k p e n g e r t i a n y a n g k e d u a i n i u n d a n g - u n d a n g me -
n e n t u k a n b a h wa t e e t a me n h a r u s b e r b e n t u k a k t a . Ak t a ' i n i .
a d a l a h p e r wu j u d a n k e t e t a p a n y a n g d i k e h e n d a k i o l e h s i p e m
b u a t t e s t a me n .
P a d a h a k e k a t n y a p e mb u a t a n t e s t a me n h a r u s l a h d e n g a n
a k t a a u t e n t i k . Ha l i n i a d a l a h u n t u k me n j a mi n k e p a s t i a n h u
k u m ma u p u n d e mi me n j a g a k e p e n t i n g a n s i p e mb u a t t e s t a me n .
Na mu n d e mi k i a n , u n d a n g - u n d a n g j u g a t i d a k me n u t u p k e mu n g -
-t a di b a wa h t a n g a n i n i d a l a m i l my h u k u m d i s e b u t s e b a g a i
o l o g r a - f i s c o d i c i l ( k o d i s i l o l o g r a f i s ) . Me n u r u t u n d a n g - u n -
d a n g ( p a s a l 9 3 5 B.Wj ) , t e s t a me n b e r d a s a r k a n k o d i s i l h a n y a
me n g e n a i p e n g a n g k a t a n p e l a k s a n a t e s t a me n , p e n y e l e n g g a r a a n
p e n g u b u r a n , p e n g h i b a h wa s i a t a n p a k a i a n , p e r h i a s a n b a d a n
y a n g t e r t e n t u , d a n me b e l - me b e l i s t i me wa .
Di d a l a m t e s t a me n , s e s e o r a n g d a p a t me n e t a p k a n s i a -
p a k a h y n n g a k a n d i j a d i k a n a h l i wa r i s n y a , a t a u d a p a t j u g a
s e s e o r a n g me n e t a p k a n s i a p a k a h y a n g a k a n me n d a p a t k a n b a r a n g -
b a r a n g t e r t e n t u d a r i h a r t a k e k a y a a n y a n g a k a n d i t i n g g a l k a n
b i l a i a me n i n g g a l d u n i a . Un t u k i n i p e n e t a p a n - p e n e t a p a n d a
l a m t e s t a me n d a p a t d i b e d a k a n d a l a m d u a h a l , y a i t u :
1. E r f s t e l l i n g a t a u p e n g a n g k a t a n wa r i s .
P a s a l 9 5 ^ B.W. me n y a t a k a n :
Wa s i a t ( t e s t a me n ) p e n g a n g k a t a n wa r i s a d a l a h s u a t u wa - s i a t , d e n g a n ma n a s i y a n g me wa s i a t k a n , k e p a d a s e o r a n g a t a u l e b i h , me mb e r i k a n h a r t a k e k a y a a n y a n g a k a n d i t i n g - g a l k a n n y a a p a b i l a i a me n i n g g a l d u n i a , b a i k s e l u r u h n y a ma u p u n s g b a g i a n , 6 e p e r t i mi s a l n y a , s e t e n g a h n y a , s e p e r - t i g a n y a .
Or a n g - o r a n g y a n g me n d a p a t h a r t a k e k a y a a n d a r i s i p e wa r i s
b e r d a s a r k a n p e n g a n g k a t a n wa r i s , a d a d i b a wa h t i t e l u mu m,
Ma k s u d n y a , s e b a g a i a h l i wa r i s t e r s e b u t i a t i d a k h a n y a me -
n e r i ma h a k - h a k y a n g me l e k a t p a d a h a r t a wa r i s a n , me l a i n k a n
j u g a k e wa j i b a n - k e wa j i b a n p e wa r i s . Mi s a l n y a , me mb a y a r h u -
t a n g s i p e wa r i s . De n g a n d e mi k i a n k e d u d u k a n o r a n g y a n g me n
d a p a t p e n g a n g k a t a n wa r i s a d a l a h o a ma d e n g a n k e d u d u k a n a h l i
wa ri s a b - i n t e s t a t o .
2. Le g a a t a t a u h i b a h wa s i a t .
P e n g e r t i a n h i b a h wa s i a t t e r d a p a t d a l a m p a s a l 9 5 7
B. W.
y a n g me n y a t a k a n :Hi b a h wa s i a t a d a l a h s u a t u p e n e t a p a n wa s i a t y a n g k h u s u s , d e n g a n
mana
s i y a n g me wa r i a k a n k e p a d a s e o r a n g a t a u l e b i h me mb e r i k a n b e b e r a p a b a r a n g - b a r a n g n y a d a r i s u a t u j e n i s t e r t e n t u , s e p e r t i mi s a l n y a , s e g a l a b a r a n g - b a r a n g n y a b e r g e r a k a t a u t a k b e r g e r a k , a t a u me mb e r i k a n h a k p a k a i b a s i l a t a s s e l u r u h a t a u s e b a g i a n h a r t a p e - n i n g g a l a n n y a .Be r b e d a d e n g a n p e n g a n g k a t a n wa r i 6 , ma k a u n t u k o r a n g - o r a n g
y a n g me n d a p a t h a r t a wa r i s a n b e r d a s a r k a n h i b a h wa s i a t a d a
d i b a wa h t i t e l k h u s u s . Di s e b u t k h u s u s k a r e n a s e s e o r a n g
y a n g me n d a p a t h i b a h wa s i a t ( l e g a t a r i s ) , h a n y a me mp e r o l e h
h a k a t a s b a g i a n h a r t a wa r i s a n s a j a , t e t a p i t i d a k d i b e b a n i
k e wa j i b a n - k e wa j i b a n p e wa r i s . De n g a n b e g i t u s e o r a n g l e g a t
a r i s t i d a k d i b e b a n i h u t a n g - h u t a n g p e wa r i s .
Un t u k me n e n t u k a n a p a k a h s u a t u p e n e t a p a n i t u t e r ma -
s u k d a l a m p e n g a n g k a t a n wa r i s a t a u k a h h i b a h wa s i a t , k i t a
d a p a t me l i h a t n y a d a r i s i f a t p e n e t a p a n y a n g a d a d a l a m t e s
t a me n . Ki s a l n y a , s a y a me n g a n g k a t A s e b a g a i a h l i wa r i s s a y a
Ke mu d i a n s a y a me mb e r i k a n s a t u r u ma h d i j a l a n B n o mo r C k e
p a d a A. Ap a k a h h a l i n i me r u p a k a n p e n g a n g k a t a n wa r i s a t a u
k a h h i b a h wa s i a t ? J a wa b n y a a d a l a h h i b a h wa s i a t , k a r e n a
p e wa r i s d i s i n i me mb e r i k a n s u a t u b a r a n g t e r t e n t u .
S u a t u p e n g a n g k a t a n wa r i s a t a u p u n h i b a h wa s i a t d a
p a t di b e r i k a n k e p a d a a h l i wa r i s n y a s e n d i r i ( a h l i wa r i s a b -
i n t e s t a t o ) r o a u p u n k e p a d a o r a n g l a i n y a n g b u k a n me r u p a k a n
a h l i wa r i s a t a u p u n s a n a k k e l u a r g a p e wa r i s ,
Me n u r u t p a s a l 9 3 1 B. W, , t e s t a me n me n u r u t b e n t u k n y a
d a p a t d i b a g i d a l a m t i g a ma c a m, y a i t u :
) , T e s t a me n Ol o g r a f i s
-2. T e s t a me n Umu m a t a u T e s t a me n Te r b u k a
3. T e s t a me n Ra h a s i a a t a u T e s t a me n T e r t u t u p
Ad , 1, T e s t a me n Ol o g r a f i s
Ci r i u t a ma d a r i t e s t a me n o l o g r a f i s a d a l a h t e s t a me n
t e r s e b u t *h a r u s d i t u l i s d a n d i t a n d a t a n g a n i s e n d i r i d e n g a n
t a n g a n s i p e mb u a t t e s t a me n , J a d i t i d a k b o l e h me n y u r u h o r a n g
l a i n u n t u k me n u l i s k a n t e s t a me n t e r s e b u t . Di s a mp i n g i t u ,
t e s t a me n t e r s e b u t t i d a k b o l e h d i k e t i k , b a i k o l e h e i p e mb u
a t t e s t a me n a t a u p u n o l e h o r a n g l a i n . I n i me r u p a k a n p e r b e d a -
a n u t a ma a n t a r a t e s t a me n o l o g r a f i s d e n g a n t e s t a me n r a h a s i a ,
k a r e n a t e s t a me n r a h a s i a d a p a t d i t u l i s o l e h o r a n g l a i n .
S u a t u k e h a r u s a n b a h wa t e s t a me n o l o g r a f i s h a r u s e e l u -
r u h n y a d i t u l i s s e n d i r i o l e h s i p e mb u a t t e s t a me n t e r s e b u t
h a r u s d i i k u t i d e n g a n c e r ma t , s e b a b a p a b i l a t e r n y a t a a d a t u -
l i s a n y a n g b u k a n b e r a s a l d a r i t a n g a n s i p e mb u a t t e s t a me n ,
ma k a t e s t a me n i t u b a t a l . J a d i s e b a g i a n t u l i s a n y a n g d i t u l i s
s e n d i r i o l e h p e mb u a t t e s t a me n j u g a i k u t b a t a l ,
P e n y e b ^ t a n t e mp a t d a n t a n g g a l d a l a m t e s t a me n o l o g r a
f i s t J . i nk d i p e r l u k a n , k a r e n a u n d a n g - u n d a n g t i d a k me n g h a r u s -
ma k a h a l t e r s e b u t t i d a k me n a mb a h k e k u a t a n b e r l a k u n y a t e s t a
me n , k a r e n a y a n g b e r l a k u a d a l a h t a n g g a l p a d a a k t a p e n y i m
p a n a n , Be g i t u ' p u l a d e n g a n t a n g g a l y a n g d i l e t a k k a n d i a t a s
t a n d a t a n g a n p e wa r i s .
T e s t a me n o l o g r a f i s h a r u s d i s e r a h k a n k e p a d a n o t a r i s
u n t u k d i s i mp a n . J i k a t i d a k , k e k u a t a n n y a h a n y a s e p e r t i s e -
b u a h k o d i s i l s a j a . P e n y e r a h a n n y a b i a s a n y a d i l a k u k a n s e c a r a
t e r t u t u p , t e t a p i k a l a u s i p e mb u a t t e s t a me n me n g h e n d a k i , b i -
s a d i l a k u k a n s e c a r a t e r b u k a . P e n y e r a h a n d i l a k u k a n s e c a r a
t e r t u t u p k a r e n a s i p e mb u a t t e s t a me n h e n d a k me r a h a s i a k a n
i s i t e s t a me n d a r i n o t a r i s d a n p a r a 6 a k s i .
S e t e l a h me n e r i ma t e s t a me n t e r s e b u t , n o t a r i s d i b a n t u
o l e h d u a o r a n g s a k s i me mb u a t a k t a p e n y i mp a n a n y a n g h a r u s
d i t a n d a t a n g a n i o l e h n o t a r i s , s i p e mb u a t t e s t a me n , d a n p a r a
s a k s i . Ak t a p e n y i mp a n a n i n i d i s e b u t a k t a d e p o t , d a n p e mb u -
a t n y a t i d a k h a r u s n o t a r i s s e n d i r i . Ap a b i l a t e s t a me n d i s e
r a h k a n s e c a r a t e r b u k a , ma k a a k t a p e n y i mp a n a n n y a h a r u s d i b u -
a t " a a n d e v o e t " , a r t i n y a d i b a wa h n y a ( d i k a k i n y a ) k e h e n d a k
t e r a k h i r . Ka l a u t i d a k c u k u p a t a u k e k u r a n g a n t e mp a t b i s a d i -
t u l i s p a d a k e r t a s l a i n .
P e n y e r a h a n t e s t a me n o l o g r a f i s s e c a r a t e r t u t u p p e l a k -
s a n a a n n y a l e b i h r u mi t d a r i p a d a p e n y e r a h a n s e c a r a t e r b u k a .
Un t u k p e n y e r a h a n s e c a r a t e r t u t u p , p e mb u a t t e s t a me n d i h a d a p -
a n n o t a r i s d; *n s a k s i - s a k s i h a r u s me mb u a t c a t a t a n d i a t a s
s a mp u l s u r a t t e s t a me n , Ca t a t a n t e r s e b u t me n y a t a k a n b a h wa
