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Benefits of Managing Solid Waste Benefits of Managing Solid Waste
Non-sanitary landfills: Non-sanitary landfills:
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Indonesia, country of natural wealth !! Indonesia, country of natural wealth !!
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Indonesia, country of natural wealth ?? Indonesia, country of natural wealth ??
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PRESENT SITUATION OF LANDFILLS IN INDONESIA PRESENT SITUATION OF LANDFILLS IN INDONESIA
• Landfilling is major route for processing of wastesLandfilling is major route for processing of wastes
• Alternative solutions, including incineration, composting or Alternative solutions, including incineration, composting or separate collection with recycling are hardly applied
separate collection with recycling are hardly applied
• These alternatives are costly, are not suitable or require big These alternatives are costly, are not suitable or require big change in waste management system)
change in waste management system)
• Collection rate of waste is 50-60% (so, much waste is dispersed Collection rate of waste is 50-60% (so, much waste is dispersed into environment)
into environment)
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WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ? WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?
1.
1. Landfills causes Landfills causes sliding of wastes
sliding of wastes (in (in 2006 many people 2006 many people
died because of this died because of this
problem) problem)
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WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ? WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?
2.
2. Landfills creates Landfills creates unhealthy situation unhealthy situation
for men
for men (gases, (gases, smoke, hurting, smoke, hurting,
diseases) diseases)
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WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ? WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?
3.
3. Biogas from landfills Biogas from landfills creates risk for
creates risk for explosions
explosions (fires, (fires, explosion of wastes, explosion of wastes, etc.). Biogas must be etc.). Biogas must be
released into released into
atmosphere atmosphere
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WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ? WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?
4.
4. Leachate water is Leachate water is hazardous and hazardous and
pollutes the pollutes the environment
environment (as (as result from rain result from rain
water infiltrating water infiltrating
the landfill). the landfill).
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WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ? WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?
5.
5. Health risk for Health risk for
workers on or near workers on or near
landfill (diseases, landfill (diseases,
medical cost) medical cost)
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WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ? WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?
6.
6. Global Warming Global Warming (sea (sea water rising,
water rising,
hurricanes, drought, hurricanes, drought, diseases etc.)
diseases etc.)
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WHAT TO DO ?
WHAT TO DO ?
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STRATEGY, PLANS, MEASURES
STRATEGY, PLANS, MEASURES
1.
1.
National waste strategy: should support short term
National waste strategy: should support short term
and long term solutions. Should promote sustainable
and long term solutions. Should promote sustainable
solutions.
solutions.
2.
2.
Appropriate plans: should be realistic from technical
Appropriate plans: should be realistic from technical
and financial point of view. Should focus on
and financial point of view. Should focus on
modernizing the landfills.
modernizing the landfills.
3.
3.
Measures: immediate measures should mitigate the
Measures: immediate measures should mitigate the
immediate risks. Should focus on major risk:
immediate risks. Should focus on major risk:
collection and utilization of the biogas
collection and utilization of the biogas
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IMPORTANT IMMEDIATE MEASURE IMPORTANT IMMEDIATE MEASURE
Collection of biogas Collection of biogas::
- mitigates the risks for humansmitigates the risks for humans
- improves waste management operations (and increases income)improves waste management operations (and increases income)
- promotes production of sustainable energy & local energy promotes production of sustainable energy & local energy generation
generation
- promotes transfer of technology to regions of Indonesiapromotes transfer of technology to regions of Indonesia
- generates income from electricitygenerates income from electricity
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BIOGAS BIOGAS
Biogas (containing methane or CH
Biogas (containing methane or CH44) is a valuable source of energy but ) is a valuable source of energy but cannot be utilized without measures and investments:
cannot be utilized without measures and investments:
- 11stst phase: structuring of waste disposal phase: structuring of waste disposal
- 22ndnd phase: placing of biogas collection system (including covering phase: placing of biogas collection system (including covering
of waste) of waste)
- 33rdrd phase: production of electricity phase: production of electricity
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BIOGAS BIOGAS
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Biogas investment Biogas investment programme for programme for
regions of regions of Indonesia Indonesia
-Example of Palu Example of Palu
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Palu landfill was Palu landfill was
visited, visited, investigated investigated and assessed. and assessed.
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Palu landfill was Palu landfill was
visited, visited, investigated investigated and assessed. and assessed.
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Some observations on Palu landfill: Some observations on Palu landfill:
1.
1. some technical improvement measures were taken (covering)some technical improvement measures were taken (covering)
2.
2. part of landfill was not well organizedpart of landfill was not well organized
3.
3. neighbouring people are afraid of extension of landfill (leachate)neighbouring people are afraid of extension of landfill (leachate)
4.
4. capacity of landfill to receive waste is still large (> 2012); more capacity of landfill to receive waste is still large (> 2012); more waste means more income
waste means more income
5.
5. registration of incoming waste should be improvedregistration of incoming waste should be improved
6.
6. biogas is not collected and spilled into atmospherebiogas is not collected and spilled into atmosphere
7.
7. Regency and waste managers support improvement programmeRegency and waste managers support improvement programme
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Recommendations on waste management and biogas collection: Recommendations on waste management and biogas collection:
1.
1. Be realistic and do not everything at onceBe realistic and do not everything at once
2.
2. ““First things first”First things first”
3.
3. Improve overall situation at landfill and make proper planImprove overall situation at landfill and make proper plan
4.
4. Start recovering biogas !Start recovering biogas !
5.
5. Generate jobs, acquire technological know-how, create better life for Generate jobs, acquire technological know-how, create better life for all
all
6.
6. Promote biogas collection projects under CDMPromote biogas collection projects under CDM
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L eft: uncontrolled dumping of waste; right: organized disposal of L eft: uncontrolled dumping of waste; right: organized disposal of waste and covering of landfill body
waste and covering of landfill body
