ii v T C A R T S B A . ) 2 1 0 2 ( . a y a H , a k k it a r a
H The Meaning of the Nightmare Faced by Meg s ’ n e k i A n a o J f o r e t c a r a h C n i a M e h t , r e i z a r
F Nigh tFal lYogyakatra :Engilsh s tr A d n a e g a u g n a L f o t n e m tr a p e D , m a r g o r P y d u t S n o it a c u d E e g a u g n a L a m r a h D a t a n a S , n o it a c u d E d n a g n i n i a r T s r e h c a e T f o y tl u c a F , n o it a c u d E v i n
U erstiy.
r e i z a r F g e M , lr i g a s e s s u c s i d s i s e h t s i h
T , who ha sbeen haunted by a
ir r e
t fying nightmare since she wa sa chlid .Tha tnightmare come sconitnously t e g e h s l it n
u s mature .The purpose o fthi sstudy i sto ifnd the meaning o fthe e c a f e r a m t h g i
n d byMegFrazie,rt hemaincharacte rofJ oanAiken’ sNigh tFall . o r p o w t s a h y d u t s s i h
T blems to answer .The fris tone i s“Wha ti sthe T ” ? r e i z a r F g e M f o r e t c a r a h
c hesecondonei s“Whati st hemeaningo fnightmare d e c n e ir e p x
e byMegFrazier?” s i y d u t s s i h
T a ilbraryr esearch .Thep irmarydataoft hi sstudyi st henove l a t a d e m o s , y d u t s s i h t tr o p p u s o t d n a f l e s
ti from t he i nternet ,books ,and j ournal s s e s u y d u t s s i h t ,s m e l b o r p e s o h t r e w s n a o T . d e s u o s l a e r
a the t heory o fcharacte r
n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c d n
a ,theory o fpersonaltiy and the theory o fmoitvaiton .The h c a o r p p
a usedi spsychologica lapproach. tl u s e r e h
T so fthi sstudy are :fris,t Meg Frazie ri ts n no a easy person to , e v a r b o s l a s i e h s ; p u e v i
g sma tr ,aritsitc ,simpleand beautfiul .However ,shei s a o l n u t i
b yalt ohe r ifance.Thesecondr esul toft hi sstudyi sdevidedi nto t wopatrs . g n i n a e m e c a f r u s e h t s i tr a p t s ri f e h
T oft henightmareandt hesecond i s ti sdeepe r . g n i n a e m e c a f r u s e h
T l(tieral )meaning explain sthe meaning o f the nightmare M y b d e c n e ir e p x
e eg a sw irtten in the text .I ti sthe face o fa man who arleady . n a g g e l n e P d e ti s i v r e h t o m r e h d n a e h s n e h w r e d r u m d e v l o s n u e h t n i y a w a d e s s a p r e h g n it c e lf e r s i t i t a h t s w o h s e r a m t h g i n e h t f o g n i n a e m ) e u rt e h t( r e p e e d e h T il s y a w l a o h w , e c n a if r e h d n a r e h t a
f mi theri n doing wha tshewants .Moreover , s ’ g e M . d e c r o v i d t o g r e h t o m d n a r e h t a f r e h e c n i s r e h d e k il r e v e n s a h r e h t a f r e h r e v e n r e h t a f r e h t u b r e h t a f a s a h e h S . e r a m t h g i n f o m r o f e h t n i s e m o c s s e n d a s e s o h w , y b o T , d n a h r e h t o e h t n O . y l e t a ir p o r p p a r e h s t a e
rt fathe r died in an
. s i r e r e d r u m e h t o h w n w o n k r e v e n s a h e H . s s e n d a s e h t s l e e f o s l a , r e d r u m d e v l o s n u , e fi l s ’ y b o T f o e r a c s e k a t o h w e l c n u s i h t a h t s i t c a f e h
T i sthe murdere ro fhi s
.r e h t a f e b l e v o n s i h t t a h t d e t s e g g u s s i t
I used in Prose 2 clas so fthe Engilsh . m a r g o r P y d u t S n o it a c u d E e g a u g n a
L A s fo r fu trhe r researchers , they are tl u c s ’ r e i z a r F g e M h ti w l a e d o t d e d n e m m o c e
r ura lbackground.
ii i v K A R T S B A .) 2 1 0 2 ( . a y a H , a k k it a r a
H The Meaning o f the Nightmare Faced by Meg s ’ n e k i A n a o J f o r e t c a r a h C n i a M e h t , r e i z a r
F Nigh tFa llYogyakatra :Program s a tl u k a F , i n e S n a d a s a h a B n a k i d i d n e P n a s u r u J , s ir g g n I a s a h a B n a k i d i d n e P i d u t S . a m r a h D a t a n a S s a ti s r e v i n U , n a k i d i d n e P u m lI n a d n a u r u g e K s g n a t n e t s a l u g n e m i n i i s p i r k
S eoranganakperempuanyangbernamaMeg n a d l i c e k a i d k a j e s n a k t u k a n e m t a g n a s g n a y i p m i m h e l o i u t n a h i d g n a y r e i z a r F k u t n u h a l a d a i n i i s p i r k s i r a d n a u j u T . a s a w e d a i d a g g n i h t u j n a l r e b u ti i p m i m g i N l e v o n m a l a d a m a t u r e t k a r a k , r e i z a r F g e M i p m i m i tr a i u h a t e g n e
m h tFall .
“ a m a t r e p g n a y , b a w a ji d s u r a h g n a y n a a y n a t r e p a u d i k il i m e m i n i i s p i r k S ” ? r e iz a r F g e M i p m i m i t r a a p A “ n a d ” ? l e v o n m a l a d g e M r e t k a r a k a p A n a k a p u r e m t u b e s r e t l e v o N . a k a t s u p i d u t s h a u b e s n a k a p u r e m i n i i s p i r k S k u t n u n a d a t a d a m a t u r e b m u
s mendukung skripsi i n idata yang kedua diperoleh u k u b i r a
d -buku, j urnal ,dan i nternet .Untukmenjawab rumusan masalah ,skrips i i r o e t n a d n a i d a b i r p e k i r o e t , i s a s ir e t k a r a k n a d r e t k a r a k i r o e t n a k a n u g g n e m i n i h a l a d a n a k a n u g i d g n a y n a t a k e d n e p n a k g n a d e S . i s a v it o
m pendekatan secara .s i g o l o k i s p r e t k a r a k g n a t n e t h a l a d a a m a t r e p g n a y , h a l a d a i n i n a it il e n e p i r a d l i s a H , h a r e y n e m h a d u m k a d it g n a y g n a r o e s h a l a d a r e i z a r F g e M . r e i z a r F g e M a i d r i h k a i d , n u p u a l a W . k it n a c n a d , a n a h r e d e s , i n e s a w ij r e b , r a t n i p , i n a r e b m e p ti k i d e
s itdak seita kepada tunangannya .Hasi lkedua peneilitan in iterbag iata s n a d l a k g n a d a r a c e s k u r u b i p m i m i t r a h a l a d a a m a t r e p g n a y n a i g a B . n a i g a b a u d . a y n m a l a d n e m a r a c e s it r a i d s il u t r e t g n a y i t r e p e s g e M i p m i m i t r a n a k s a l e j n e m t u b e s r e t l a k g n a d i t r A a y l e v o
n tiuwajahs eorangpriayangt elahmeningga lduniadis uatupembunuhan a r a c e s t u b e s r e t i p m i m i t r a n u p a d A . a y n h u n u b m e p a p a is p a k g n u r e t k a t g n a y a i d a n e r a k g e M n a k a s a r i d g n a y m a l a d n e m g n a y n a h i d e s e k u ti a y m a l a d n e m n a k g n a n e y n e m k a d it g n a y n a u k a l r e p n a k t a p a d n e
m dar iayahnya sejakl ama dan n a d i g n a y a y n e m a k e r e m t a k e d r e t g n a r o i a g a b e s a y n s u r a h e s g n a y a y n n a g n a n u t n a k u k a lr e p i d h a n r e p k a d it a i d i p a t e t , h a y a g n a r o e s i k il i m e m g e M . g e M i h i s a g n e m g n a y y b o T a d a n i a l i s i s i D . a y n i r t u p n a k u k a l r e p m e m h a y a a n a m i a g a b e s n a li h e
k gan ayahnya ata spembunuhan yang itdak terungkap siapa sebenarnya .t u b e s r e t n a h u n u b m e p u k a l e p a d a p 2 e s o r P n a r a j a l e p a t a m a d a p n a k a n u g i d t a p a d n a k n a r a s i d i n i l e v o N k u t n u n a k n a r a s i d , a y n t u k i r e b i ti l e n e p k u t n U . s i r g g n I a s a h a B i d u t S m a r g o r P r a t a l s a h a b m e
m belakangkebudayaanMegpadas aa ttiu.
n u K a t a
E
H
T
M
E
A
N
I
N
G
O
F
T
H
E
N
I
G
H
T
M
A
R
E
F
A
C
E
D
B
Y
M
E
G
S
’
N
E
K
I
A
N
A
O
J
F
O
R
E
T
C
A
R
A
H
C
N
I
A
M
E
H
T
,
R
E
I
Z
A
R
F
L
L
A
F
T
H
G
I
N
ASARJANAPENDIDIKANTHESIS
s t n e m e r i u q e R e h t f o t n e m ll if l u F l a it r a P s a d e t n e s e r P
e h t n i a t b O o
t SarjanaPendidikanDegree e
g a u g n a L h s il g n E n
i Educa iton
y B
a k k it a r a H a y a H
1 4 1 4 1 2 1 7 0 : r e b m u N t n e d u t S
M A R G O R P Y D U T S N O I T A C U D E E G A U G N A L H S I L G N E
N O I T A C U D E S T R A D N A E G A U G N A L F O T N E M T R A P E D
N O I T A C U D E D N A G N I N I A R T S R E H C A E T F O Y T L U C A F
Y T I S R E V I N U A M R A H D A T A N A S
A T R A K A Y G O Y
i
E
H
T
M
E
A
N
I
N
G
O
F
T
H
E
N
I
G
H
T
M
A
R
E
F
A
C
E
D
B
Y
M
E
G
S
’
N
E
K
I
A
N
A
O
J
F
O
R
E
T
C
A
R
A
H
C
N
I
A
M
E
H
T
,
R
E
I
Z
A
R
F
L
L
A
F
T
H
G
I
N
ASARJANAPENDIDIKANTHESIS
s t n e m e r i u q e R e h t f o t n e m ll if l u F l a it r a P s a d e t n e s e r P
e h t n i a t b O o
t SarjanaPendidikanDegree e
g a u g n a L h s il g n E n
i Educa iton
y B
a k k it a r a H a y a H
1 4 1 4 1 2 1 7 0 : r e b m u N t n e d u t S
M A R G O R P Y D U T S N O I T A C U D E E G A U G N A L H S I L G N E
N O I T A C U D E S T R A D N A E G A U G N A L F O T N E M T R A P E D
N O I T A C U D E D N A G N I N I A R T S R E H C A E T F O Y T L U C A F
Y T I S R E V I N U A M R A H D A T A N A S
A T R A K A Y G O Y
v i
: o t d e t a c i d e d s i s i s e h t s i h T
, y li m a f d e v o l e b y
m
. d l r o w s i h t n i e l p o e p l l a
. e s r o w e b o t n e v e r e tt e b e b o t s s e c o r p A . s s e c o r p a s i e fi L
.s e v l e s r u o t p e c x e s s e c o r p e h t e g n a h c n a c e n o o N
v
Y T I L A N I G I R O S ’ K R O W F O T N E M E T A T S
, n e tt ir w e v a h I h c i h w , s i s e h t s i h t t a h t e r a l c e d y lt s e n o h
I doe sno tcontain t hework
e h t d n a s n o it a t o u q e h t n i d e ti c e s o h t t p e c x e , e l p o e p r e h t o f o k r o w e h t f o s tr a p r o
e i c s a s a , s e c n e r e f e
r n itifcpapers hould.
, a tr a k a y g o
Y 8Novembe r2012
r e ti r W e h T
a k k it a r a H a y a H
i v
A K I L B U P N A U J U T E S R E P N A A T A Y N R E P R A B M E
L S IKARYAI LMIAH
S I M E D A K A N A G N I T N E P E K K U T N U
: a m r a h D a t a n a S s a ti s r e v i n U a w s i s a h a m a y a s ,i n i h a w a b i d n a g n a t a d n a tr e b g n a Y
a m a
N :HayaHara itkka
a w s i s a h a M r o m o
N :071214141
n a a k a t s u p r e P a d a p e k n a k ir e b m e m a y a s , n a u h a t e g n e p u m li n a g n a b m e g n e p i m e D
a ti s r e v i n
U sSanataDharmakarya limiahs ayayangbejrudu :l E
H
T MEANINGOFTHENIGHTMAREFACEDBYMEG S
’ N E K I A N A O J F O R E T C A R A H C N I A M E H T , R E I Z A R
F NIGHTFALL
n a k ir e b m e m a y a s n a i k i m e d n a g n e D . ) a d a a li b ( n a k u lr e p i d g n a y t a k g n a r e p a tr e s e b
s a ti s r e v i n U n a a k a t s u p r e P a d a p e
k Sanata Dharma hak untuk menyimpan , n a l a k g n a p k u t n e b m a l a d a y n h a l o l e g n e m , n i a l a i d e m k u t n e b m a l a d n a k h il a g n e m
u a t a t e n r e t n i i d a y n n a k i s a k il b u p m e m n a d , s a t a b r e t a r a c e s n a k i s u b ir t s i d n e m , a t a d
ir a d n ij i a t n i m e m u lr e p a p n a t a i m e d a k a n a g n it n e p e k k u t n u n i a l a i d e
m saya
a y a s a m a n n a k m u t n a c n e m p a t e t a m a l e s a y a s a d a p e k i tl a y o r n a k ir e b m e m n u p u a m
.s il u n e p i a g a b e s
. a y n r a n e b e s n a g n e d t a u b a y a s g n a y i n i n a a t a y n r e p n a i k i m e D
r e b m e v o N 8 , a tr a k a y g o
Y 2012
n a k a t a y n e m g n a Y
) a k k it a r a H a y a H
ii v T C A R T S B A . ) 2 1 0 2 ( . a y a H , a k k it a r a
H The Meaning of the Nightmare Faced by Meg s ’ n e k i A n a o J f o r e t c a r a h C n i a M e h t , r e i z a r
F Nigh tFal lYogyakatra :Engilsh
s tr A d n a e g a u g n a L f o t n e m tr a p e D , m a r g o r P y d u t S n o it a c u d E e g a u g n a L a m r a h D a t a n a S , n o it a c u d E d n a g n i n i a r T s r e h c a e T f o y tl u c a F , n o it a c u d E v i n
U erstiy.
r e i z a r F g e M , lr i g a s e s s u c s i d s i s e h t s i h
T , who ha sbeen haunted by a ir
r e
t fying nightmare since she wa sa chlid .Tha tnightmare come sconitnously t e g e h s l it n
u s mature .The purpose o fthi sstudy i sto ifnd the meaning o fthe e c a f e r a m t h g i
n d byMegFrazie,rt hemaincharacte rofJ oanAiken’ sNigh tFall . o r p o w t s a h y d u t s s i h
T blems to answer .The fris tone i s“Wha ti sthe T ” ? r e i z a r F g e M f o r e t c a r a h
c hesecondonei s“Whati st hemeaningo fnightmare d e c n e ir e p x
e byMegFrazier?” s i y d u t s s i h
T a ilbraryr esearch .Thep irmarydataoft hi sstudyi st henove l a t a d e m o s , y d u t s s i h t tr o p p u s o t d n a f l e s
ti from t he i nternet ,books ,and j ournal s s e s u y d u t s s i h t ,s m e l b o r p e s o h t r e w s n a o T . d e s u o s l a e r
a the t heory o fcharacte r
n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c d n
a ,theory o fpersonaltiy and the theory o fmoitvaiton .The h c a o r p p
a usedi spsychologica lapproach. tl u s e r e h
T so fthi sstudy are :fris,t Meg Frazie ri ts n no a easy person to , e v a r b o s l a s i e h s ; p u e v i
g sma tr ,aritsitc ,simpleand beautfiul .However ,shei s a o l n u t i
b yalt ohe r ifance.Thesecondr esul toft hi sstudyi sdevidedi nto t wopatrs . g n i n a e m e c a f r u s e h t s i tr a p t s ri f e h
T oft henightmareandt hesecond i s ti sdeepe r . g n i n a e m e c a f r u s e h
T l(tieral )meaning explain sthe meaning o f the nightmare M y b d e c n e ir e p x
e eg a sw irtten in the text .I ti sthe face o fa man who arleady . n a g g e l n e P d e ti s i v r e h t o m r e h d n a e h s n e h w r e d r u m d e v l o s n u e h t n i y a w a d e s s a p r e h g n it c e lf e r s i t i t a h t s w o h s e r a m t h g i n e h t f o g n i n a e m ) e u rt e h t( r e p e e d e h T il s y a w l a o h w , e c n a if r e h d n a r e h t a
f mi theri n doing wha tshewants .Moreover , s ’ g e M . d e c r o v i d t o g r e h t o m d n a r e h t a f r e h e c n i s r e h d e k il r e v e n s a h r e h t a f r e h r e v e n r e h t a f r e h t u b r e h t a f a s a h e h S . e r a m t h g i n f o m r o f e h t n i s e m o c s s e n d a s e s o h w , y b o T , d n a h r e h t o e h t n O . y l e t a ir p o r p p a r e h s t a e
rt fathe r died in an
. s i r e r e d r u m e h t o h w n w o n k r e v e n s a h e H . s s e n d a s e h t s l e e f o s l a , r e d r u m d e v l o s n u , e fi l s ’ y b o T f o e r a c s e k a t o h w e l c n u s i h t a h t s i t c a f e h
T i sthe murdere ro fhi s
.r e h t a f e b l e v o n s i h t t a h t d e t s e g g u s s i t
I used in Prose 2 clas so fthe Engilsh . m a r g o r P y d u t S n o it a c u d E e g a u g n a
L A s fo r fu trhe r researchers , they are tl u c s ’ r e i z a r F g e M h ti w l a e d o t d e d n e m m o c e
r ura lbackground.
ii i v K A R T S B A .) 2 1 0 2 ( . a y a H , a k k it a r a
H The Meaning o f the Nightmare Faced by Meg s ’ n e k i A n a o J f o r e t c a r a h C n i a M e h t , r e i z a r
F Nigh tFa llYogyakatra :Program
s a tl u k a F , i n e S n a d a s a h a B n a k i d i d n e P n a s u r u J , s ir g g n I a s a h a B n a k i d i d n e P i d u t S . a m r a h D a t a n a S s a ti s r e v i n U , n a k i d i d n e P u m lI n a d n a u r u g e K s g n a t n e t s a l u g n e m i n i i s p i r k
S eoranganakperempuanyangbernamaMeg n a d l i c e k a i d k a j e s n a k t u k a n e m t a g n a s g n a y i p m i m h e l o i u t n a h i d g n a y r e i z a r F k u t n u h a l a d a i n i i s p i r k s i r a d n a u j u T . a s a w e d a i d a g g n i h t u j n a l r e b u ti i p m i m g i N l e v o n m a l a d a m a t u r e t k a r a k , r e i z a r F g e M i p m i m i tr a i u h a t e g n e
m h tFall .
“ a m a t r e p g n a y , b a w a ji d s u r a h g n a y n a a y n a t r e p a u d i k il i m e m i n i i s p i r k S ” ? r e iz a r F g e M i p m i m i t r a a p A “ n a d ” ? l e v o n m a l a d g e M r e t k a r a k a p A n a k a p u r e m t u b e s r e t l e v o N . a k a t s u p i d u t s h a u b e s n a k a p u r e m i n i i s p i r k S k u t n u n a d a t a d a m a t u r e b m u
s mendukung skripsi i n idata yang kedua diperoleh u k u b i r a
d -buku, j urnal ,dan i nternet .Untukmenjawab rumusan masalah ,skrips i i r o e t n a d n a i d a b i r p e k i r o e t , i s a s ir e t k a r a k n a d r e t k a r a k i r o e t n a k a n u g g n e m i n i h a l a d a n a k a n u g i d g n a y n a t a k e d n e p n a k g n a d e S . i s a v it o
m pendekatan secara .s i g o l o k i s p r e t k a r a k g n a t n e t h a l a d a a m a t r e p g n a y , h a l a d a i n i n a it il e n e p i r a d l i s a H , h a r e y n e m h a d u m k a d it g n a y g n a r o e s h a l a d a r e i z a r F g e M . r e i z a r F g e M a i d r i h k a i d , n u p u a l a W . k it n a c n a d , a n a h r e d e s , i n e s a w ij r e b , r a t n i p , i n a r e b m e p ti k i d e
s itdak seita kepada tunangannya .Hasi lkedua peneilitan in iterbag iata s n a d l a k g n a d a r a c e s k u r u b i p m i m i t r a h a l a d a a m a t r e p g n a y n a i g a B . n a i g a b a u d . a y n m a l a d n e m a r a c e s it r a i d s il u t r e t g n a y i t r e p e s g e M i p m i m i t r a n a k s a l e j n e m t u b e s r e t l a k g n a d i t r A a y l e v o
n tiuwajahs eorangpriayangt elahmeningga lduniadis uatupembunuhan a r a c e s t u b e s r e t i p m i m i t r a n u p a d A . a y n h u n u b m e p a p a is p a k g n u r e t k a t g n a y a i d a n e r a k g e M n a k a s a r i d g n a y m a l a d n e m g n a y n a h i d e s e k u ti a y m a l a d n e m n a k g n a n e y n e m k a d it g n a y n a u k a l r e p n a k t a p a d n e
m dar iayahnya sejakl ama dan n a d i g n a y a y n e m a k e r e m t a k e d r e t g n a r o i a g a b e s a y n s u r a h e s g n a y a y n n a g n a n u t n a k u k a lr e p i d h a n r e p k a d it a i d i p a t e t , h a y a g n a r o e s i k il i m e m g e M . g e M i h i s a g n e m g n a y y b o T a d a n i a l i s i s i D . a y n i r t u p n a k u k a l r e p m e m h a y a a n a m i a g a b e s n a li h e
k gan ayahnya ata spembunuhan yang itdak terungkap siapa sebenarnya .t u b e s r e t n a h u n u b m e p u k a l e p a d a p 2 e s o r P n a r a j a l e p a t a m a d a p n a k a n u g i d t a p a d n a k n a r a s i d i n i l e v o N k u t n u n a k n a r a s i d , a y n t u k i r e b i ti l e n e p k u t n U . s i r g g n I a s a h a B i d u t S m a r g o r P r a t a l s a h a b m e
m belakangkebudayaanMegpadas aa ttiu.
n u K a t a
x i
D E L W O N K C
A GE EM N TS
o t e k il d l u o w I , ll a f o t s ri
F thank my Almighty Jesu sCh irst fo rHi s
e fi l e l o h w y m n i e c n a d i u g d n a g n i s s e l
b ,fo rHi skindnes sgiving me srtengths to
f e u rt y m s i e H . s i s e h t s i h t h s i n
if irend in passing thi shard itme who alway s
. e m r o f e s i m o r p s i H e v e il e b o t e m s e h c a e t
ri k g n a r o m i S o d n i M a ti q a P , r e h t o m d e v o l e b y m k n a h t I , d n o c e
S ,S.Pd. f o r
r e y a r p d n a e v o l r e
h in he rday sfo rmeand he rch lidren ,and my beloved father ,
o f ,. d P . a M . A , n a g ir a T i l m a
R rhi s rtusti n mei n doing mystudy t o be ifnisheda s
g n i v i g r o f m e h t k n a h t I .t s ir h C s u s e J r o f o s l a t u b m e h t r o f y l n o t o n e l b i s n o p s e r y m
a a c i n o M a ti h f a R , s r e t s i s y m k n a h t o s l a I . e m o t t r o p p u s d n a e v o l r i e h
t nd he r
d n a , a n n a i s s a K a v li M , e m r o f e v o l d n a t r o p p u s r i e h t r o f , ir a G y d A , d n a b s u h
I . e m r o f e v o l d n a s e k o j e r a h s o t e m it e h t r o f ir o M a n h o
R would ilket o thankmy
h t n i n e v e r e h t o r b y m e b o t n a g ir a T a rt u P a k E a i k s i H r e h t o r b r e d l
o e shor t
a h t o s l a I . t n e m o
m n k Agusitna De iMulatsih a smy “paketan” ,Popon ,Rara ,
, a d n a M , a ti L , o k e R , g e t s
A Asep ,Hening ,Seto ,Dwiq ,Desta and Yusak fo rthe
d n a d e r a h s e w w o r r o s e h t d n a s s e n l u f r e e h c e h t , r e h t e g o t d e s s a p e v a h e w s y a d
ll i w I . p i h s d n e ir f r u o m o r f t e g I s g n i h t w e n y n a
m misst ha t itme.
s u i n o t n A . s r D , r o s n o p s y m o t s k n a h t y m e v i g o t e k il d l u o w I , d ri h T
n i e m r o f e c n e it a p d n a t r o p p u s , e c n a d i u g e h t r o f , . D . h P , . A . M , o t n a y ij u r e H
i r a s a m a tr e P u y a B a l e g n A , . d P . S , ir a w s e m a r B a n ir a h t a C d n a s i s e h t s i h t g n i h s i n if
, . d P .
x o
t e k il d l u o
w thank PB Isecretary staf fwho arevery helpfu ldu irng my study i n
. y ti s r e v i n U a m r a h D a t a n a S
h t u o Y o t s k n a h t y m e v i g I , h tr u o
F Methodis tChurch fellowship that I
e h w d n a , h ti w w o r
g reIl earn many t hingst o i ncreasemy fatih i n Jesus . Iwould
k n a h t o t e k
il BuOm,if o rhe rkindnesst o me ,Ma sAgus ,Kak Anggi ,Fani ,Nike ,
a s i L , a r d n a C , d i v a D , o d n i M o d n A , y p e C g n a
B fo rbeing anicel tilte sister ,Ma s
ir p A u B d n a y li m a f d n a o J g n a B , g ij
A fort het ogethernes swehavespen tandt he
.s e k o j
I , t x e
N would ilket othank al lPKBM Angon members ,Mbak Lia ,Mbak
k a b M , g n i P k a b M , a y a C k a b M , s I k a P , s I k u B , li m E k a b M , g u N s a M , n e l a V
a n a il i L d n a i rt i W k a b M , a n a
H fo rthe itme we have learned together ,give me
w e n e h T . e v a h e w s t n e m o m l u fi t u a e b e h t d n a n o o s s i s e h t s i h t h s i n if o t t r o p p u s
.t h g u a t e b o t e m r o f l u f g n i n a e m y ll a e r e r a h c i h w s g n i h t
e h
T n , Iwould ilke to thank al lmy f irend sin Stembayo who alway s
t r o p p u
s mei nf inishingt hist hesi .sI t hankTAV ,TPA ,TPBOAclass ,BuUlif ,Pak
s y a w l a l li w I . tr o p p u s e h t d n a d e r a h s e w e m it e h t r o f i d n A k a P n a d g n a b m a B
. o y a b m e t S n i n r a e l I e m it e h t r e b m e m e r
d l u o w
I sayt hankst oeveryonewhosename Icanno tmeniton onebyone
. p l e h d n a e v o l , e c n a d i u g , tr o p p u s ri e h t r o f
i x
S T N E T N O C F O E L B A T
Page T
I
T LEPAGE................................................................................................ i E
G A P L A V O R P P
A S .................................................................................... ii E
G A P L A N O I T A C I D E
D ............................................................................. vi A
T
S TEMENTOFWORK’SORIGINALITY ............................................ v I
S A K I L B U P N A U J U T E S R E P N A A T A Y N R E
P ............................................ iv S
B
A TRACT .................................................................................................. iiv K
A R T S B
A .................................................................................................. ii....v i S
T N E M E G D E L W O N K C
A .......................................................................... xi B
A
T LECONTENTS .................................................................................... ix S
E C I D N E P P A F O T S I
L ............................................................................... iix i C
U D O R T N I I R E T P A H
C TION .................................................................. 1 .
A Backgroundoft heStudy ... 1 .
B Objecitveoft heStudy ... 5 .
C ProblemFormulaiton ... 5 .
D Benefti soft heStudy ... 5 .
E Deifniiton so fTerm ... 6 E
R F O W E I V E R I I R E T P A H
C LATEDLITERATURE........................... 01 .
A AReviewo fRelatedTheo ire s... 01 .
B Theoreitca lFramework ... 51 .
C Contex toft heNovel ... 51 E
M I I I R E T P A H
C THODOLOGY .............................................................. 71 .
A Objec toft heStudy ... 71 .
B Approachoft heStudy... 81 .
C Methodoft heStudy ... 81 S
I S Y L A N A V I R E T P A H
C ........................................................................... 02 .
ii x N
O I S U L C N O C V R E T P A H
C S ANDSUGGESTIONS .............................. 04 .
A Conclusions ... 04
.
B Suggesitons... 14 .
1 Suggesitons fo rFutureResearchers ... 1.... 4 .
2 Suggesitons rfo EngilshTeachers... 14 S
E C N E R E F E
R ............................................................................................. 34 APPENDICES
1 X I D N E P P
A Summary ... 64 2
X I D N E P P
A Biography ... 15 3
X I D N E P P
A TheI mplementaitono fTeachingProse2 ... 35 4
X I D N E P P
A TaskMateiral ... 55 5
X I D N E P P
1 I R E T P A H C
N O I T C U D O R T N I
y e h T . s tr a p e v if f o s t s i s n o c r e t p a h c s i h T . n o it c u d o rt n I s i r e t p a h c t s ri f e h T e r
a theBackground oft heStudy ,Objecitveoft heStudy ,Problem Formulaiton , m
r e T f o n o it i n if e D d n a , y d u t S e h t f o s ti f e n e
B s .Each par twli lbedisccussed in
.s tr a p g n i w o ll o f n i n e e s s a s li a t e d
.
A Backgroundoft heStudy
r e v o e r o M . t n e m o m d r a h a s i s t n e r a p t u o h ti w e fi l t a h t w o n k e
W , when we
g n u o y e r e
w parent salways t ake care o fu sand every smallt hing t ha twe need d
e e n e w y h w s i t a h T . m e h t y b d e r e v o c e b l li
w parents ,so t heycant aket urni n
. d e ri t y r e v l e e f m e h t f o e n o n e h w s u g n ir a c
d n a , e v o l , n o it c e f f a , n u f f o t o l a t e g e w n e h w e m it e h t s i d o o h d li h C
o S . ti d i b r o f n a c e n o o n d n a s t n e r a p r u o m o r f s s e n e r a
c me people think tha t
e r a n e r d li h
c theweak human fit h y e ilvewtihoutt hei rparents .Wecanconside r a
h
t tstatemen tbu tKath irn Aspe r(1992) said “chlidrencan wtihstandad fiifcul t e
b ng ni ingi nl fieandno tnecessarliybedesrtoyed by ti .Butt herearemanywho e l b a r o v a f n a m o r f g n it l u s e r s e ir u j n i d n u o f o r p e h t m o r f r e f f u s o t e u n it n o c
f o g n i m a e r d s a w d li h c a n e h W . g n ir e h t o m f o k c a l d n a e fi l n i g n i n n i g e b
k l a t e h s n e h t , p e e l s r e h n i g n i h t e m o
s ed ti t o he rparents ,not l es sfrom parent s
k o o b r e h n i r e p s A n ir t a K . t n a tr o p m i t o n s a w t i r e d i s n o
c enitlteTheI nne rCh lid
s m a e r D n
I saidt ha t tii sno teasyt odea lwtiht hechlidmotfii ndreams .Dream s u
B . e v i s s e r p m i d n a l u fi t u a e b y l p m i s n e tf o o s l a e r
n e k a w a y a m r e m a e r d e h t h c i h w m o r f s e r a m t h g i n e r a s a , o o t , s u o ir e s e b
) 0 1 . p ( .t r a e h g n i d n u o p a h ti w d n a n o it a ri p s r e p n i d e h t a b , g n il b m e rt
n i ,) 0 7 9 1 ( tr o p ll
A PatternandGrowthi nPersonaltiy ,sayst ha t“cutlural
l a i c o s , s y a
w stiuaiton ,and i ndividua’l srolewtihin socia lsystem splay srole i n 4
9 1 . p p ( ” y ti l a n o s r e p t n e m p o l e v e d s ’l a u d i v i d n
i -195) .He explain stha ta ch lid
u s
u ally requrie scutlura lways .Then he grow sto accep tthe roles ,which i s e
t a ir p o r p p
a t o hi sstatu swtihin the famliy ,bu tlater ,he ifnd shimsel fplaying d
e n g i s s a y n a
m role swtihin many socia lsystems .Hi sbehaviou ri smodiifed y
b s ti m il n i h ti
w everys ocials tiuaitonheencounter .s d
s y a s r e p s
A ream sareessenitalf ort hepreservaiton o fou rphysica land o
h c y s
p logica lequiilb irum .The i magest ha toccur i n dream sare o tfen symbols , e t e r c n o c r u o d n o y e b s e o g t a h t y a w a n i y ll a c il o b m y s d e t e r p r e t n i e b t s u m h c i h w
t s e g g u s d n a m e h t f o g n i d n a t s r e d n
u s a deepe rmeaning which i sno teasy t o be
. d o o t s r e d n
u (pp .10- )1 1
t s e h
T atemen tabovecanbeseeni nNigh tFal lNove lwhichi sw irttenby g
e M e m a n l ri g a t u o b a s ll e t l e v o n s i h T . n e k i A n a o
J who ha sbeen haunted by a
n e e t e n i n e h s l li t d l o s r a e y e n i n s a w e h s e c n i s e r a m t h g i n r e h n i e c a f g n i y fi r r e t
g e M e fi l y li a d r e h n I . d l o s r a e
y i s rteatedwtihbadmanne rsincehe rmothe rwa s
s e v o m e h s n e h w n e h t ,r e h t c e j e r s y a w l a d n a l g n E n i r u o b h g i e n r e H . y a w a d e s s a p
g n i h t t s r o w e h T . y l d a b r e h s t a e rt o s l a t n a v r e s s ’ r e h t a f r e h n o d n o L o
t inherl fiei s
l e t a ir p o r p p a r e h d e t a e rt r e v e n r e h t a f r e h n e h
e h t r e h t e h w r a e f t e g l u o s r e h , s e m o c t h g i n e h t n e h
W nightmare haunts
e r o m y n a r e
h o rnot .There i san evi lface keep watching he rin he rdream , w
o d n i w e h t o t ri a h c g n i k c o r e h t m o r f g n i y a w s , g n i v o
m .Hence,t hi sstudy’ saim
r e t c a r a h c n i a m e h t ,r e i z a r F g e M y b d e c a f e r a m t h g i n e h t f o g n i n a e m e h t e e s o t s i
s ’ n e k i A n a o J f
o Nigh tFall.
r e ti r w e h
T i s interested i n analyzing thi snove l itlted Nigh tFall .There .
l e v o n s i h t e s o h c r e ti r w e h t y h w s n o s a e r e m o s e r
a Fris t itmet hewrtie rsaw t he
s a w e r e h t t a h t t h g u o h t r e ti r w e h t , e lt it e h t d a e r n e h t r e v o c s ’l e v o n s i h t f o e r u t c i p
e h t n e e w t e b n o it a l e r o
n picturecove randt he itlte .Then, thewrtierr eadt hef ris t o
h t r e ti r w e h T . e r e h t d e t s e r e t n i d n u o f r e ti r w e h T . e g a
p ughtt hatt hegilr i n t hi s
n e h T . s y a d r e h s s a p d l u o c e h S . t a e r g o s s a w y r o t
s , thewrtie rwast hinkingabou t
? lr i g e h t s a g n o rt s s a e b r e ti r w e h t n a C . fl e s r e
h Thewrtie rnevert hough tbefore
y n e t r o f e n o e m o s d e t n u a h s a h h c i h w e r a m t h g i n e m a s e h t s i e r e h t f
i ear s
e h t s i e r e h t ,s ’ g e M e k il e s a c e m a s e h t d r a e h r e v e n o s l a r e ti r w e h T . y l s u o n it n u o c
. e m it f o d o ir e p g n o l a r o f e n o e m o s d e t n u a h s a h h c i h w e r a m t h g i n e m a s
e h t e v a h e l p o e p e m o S . s m a e r d h ti w d e t a r a p e s e b t o n n a c t h g i n r u O
t t u b , m a e r d t u o b a n o i n i p o t n e r e f fi
d he wrtie rbeileve stha tdream tisel fha san
e h t w o n k o t s t n a w r e ti r w e h T . r e m a e r d e h t r o f d e v l o s e b o t g n i n a e m g n it s e r e t n i
r e i z a r F g e M f o g n i n a e
m ’ snightmarethrought hiss tudy.
t n e v e n a y b d e c n e u lf n i e b n a c m a e r d , e c n e ir e p x e s ’ r e ti r w e h t n o d e s a B
a h h c i h
w ppeni nt her ea lilve .I tcouldbehappenedi nt hepas,tt hepresent ,ort he .
e r u t u
m a e r d e h t d e c n e ir e p x e s a h e l p o e p y r e v E . m a e r d f o m r o f e h t n i e m o c o t m a e r d
h w t u b , t h g i n e h t h g u o r h
t a tweseei nadreami st hesymbo loft hethingt ha twe .s
s e n i p p a h a n e v e r o m e l b o r p a e b n a c t I . e fi l l a e r e h t n i e c a
f Wearet ooo tfent o
e r a e w t a h w g n i s s e c c o r p p e e k y a m e v r e n s a d e ll a c e w t a h w , o S . t a h t t u o b a k n i h t
.t u o b a g n i k n i h t
t a h t s y a s e d i s e m o
S a dream ha sameaning i n ou rreall fie which no tye t o t l u f e r a c e r o m e b o t e v a h e w , o S . e m it r e s o l c e h t n i n e p p a h y a m t I . d e n e p p a h
k n i h t r e ti r w e h T . o d o t s u s n r a w m a e r d e h t t a h w d i o v
a s tha tsomeitme sdreami s
. s s e l e s u s i t i w o h e m o s t u b l u f e s
u Nei l Osterweli
(h ttp://www.webmd.com/mental-heatlhf/eaturest/he-heatlh-beneftis- fo -dreams a
h t s y a s ) 2 1 0 2 , h t 3 1 r e b m e t p e S n o d e s s e c c
a tsomeitme sdream smake al o to f
e s n e
s - ilkewhenwehavebeenworkinghardand weend updreaming ,t ha twe arestli la twork .Othe ritmest hemeaning o fdreamsi sl es sclear .Tha tdoe sno t
o n s i m a e r d e h t n a e
m ti mpo trantt oou rwell-being ,howeve.r
l e v o n s i h
T kt s al abou tagi lr ,named Meg .He rparent sweredivorcewhen d
l o s r a e y e v if s a w e h
s before he rmothe rpassed away .Meg’ sfamliy i s a irch s
i r e h t a f r e h d n a t s it r a n a s i r e h t o m r e H . y li m a
f adoctor .Megi san onlychlidi n
i e n s a h e h S . y li m a f r e
h the rsiste rno rbrother .She ha sno firend t o share since .
s r a e f y n a m o s d e c a f e h
s MegFrezier’ sfea rhappene dsinces hewa schlid itlls he e
g ts mature. Wecani maginehowsuffeirngshew aswhenach lidundert enyea r .
n o it a u ti s s i h t s e c n e ir e p x
e Frist ,she si afraid because she wli lnever t ouch he r .
e v il e l o h w r e h n i e r o m y n a r e h t o
m Meanwhlie ,shecanno tremembe rwel lwho
s l e u r c a e v a h l li w e h s d n a n i a g a d e ir r a m e r r e h t a f r e
h tepmothe r ilkepeoplesaid ,
e r e h T . n o o s d n
a a re so many quesitonsi n he rmind abou thersefl .The second s
s e n r a e
f comes when he rfathe rand he r ifance stand in the conrtary wtih her . s
e o d e h s e s u a c e b d i a r f a s a w e h
S no tge tsuppor tfrom them to conitnue her
. s n a l
p Usually ,peoplearoundu swhowel ovewills uppor tusi ftii sgoodf o rou r t
c a f e h t ,t u B . e r u t u
f i sherf athe randhe r ifancédo no tsuppor ther .Herf earnes s d e r a e s u a c e b g e M r o f e r a m t h g i n g n i y fi r r e t a s i tI . m a e r d r e h h g u o r h t n e e s e b n a c
w e c a
f a skeep watching o fher i n he rbedroom .Moving from one place t o t he g
n i y a w s n e h t s e c a l p r e h t
o int hewindow andatt her ocking chari .Thef earnes s o
c met hroughhe rdreamwhich comef ris twhen shewasi nLondon .Becausei n ti
w e n o l a d n a t s o t s a h e h s n o d n o
L hou the rmothe rwhoalwaysl ove sher .Sheha s
. e g r o e G d n a y ll o P , s d n e ir f e lt ti l a y l n
o Finally ,Meg ifndst herelaiton between
r e h d n a e h s n e h w o g a s r a e y n e e tr u o f n e p p a h t a h t r e d r u m e h t d n a e r a m t h g i n r e h
. n a g g e l n e P n i s y a d il o h d a h r e h t o m
e h t y d u t s s i h t n
I wrtie rwould ilke to analyze on the Psychologica l s
i h c i h w n o it i d n o
c exercisedbyt hemaincharacter ,MegFrazierr elfectedi nhe r .
e r a m t h g i n
.
B Objecitveoft hes tudy
g e M y b d e c a f e r a m t h g i n e h t f o g n i n a e m e h t d n if o t s i y d u t s s i h t f o m i a e h T
s ’ n e k i A n a o J f o r e t c a r a h c n i a m e h t ,r e i z a r
.
C ProblemFormula iton
o t r e d r o n
I read theaim oft hi sstudy ,below areproblemst ha tareformulated i n .s
n o it s e u q f o m r o f
.
1 Whati st hecharacte ro fMegFrazier? .
2 Whati st hemeaningoft henightmareexpe irencedbyMegFrazier? .
D Benefti soft hiss tudy
e h t t u o b a e g d e l w o n k s r e d a e r e h t h c ir n e l li w y d u t s s i h t s e p o h r e ti r w e h T
y d u t s s i h t h g u o r h t n o it a v it o m e h t d n a r e t c a r a h c , y ti l a n o s r e
p andmoresensiitve
t u o b
a thei rdreams .Moreove,rt hewrtie rhopest hiss tudycanhelpeveryonewho e
r
a interestedi nl tierature.
.
E Deifni itonoft erm
n i s r e d a e r p l e h l li w t a h t s m r e t e m o s e r a w o l e
B understandingt hiss tudy.
.
1 Nightmare
d a b a s i e r a m t h g i n
A dream tha tusually involve ssome imagined dange ro r e
h T . d li h c e h t o t t a e r h
t ch lid may dream abou tdange ro ra scary stiuaiton .
, s r e t s n o m s a h c u s s e r u g if r o , s e g a m i ,s e m e h t g n i b r u t s i d e v l o v n i y a m s e r a m t h g i N
. e l p o e p d
a b r
o ,
s l a m i n a ,
s t s o h g
(http://www.emedicineheatlh.com/nightmares/page3_em.htm#what_is_a_nightm e
r
a retirvedonSeptembe r14th ,2012 .)
a n it s ir h C o t g n i d r o c c
A Sponia s(h ttp://www.divinecaroilne.com/22201/95166 -g
n i n a e
it y n a m t a h t t n a s a e l p n u o s e r a y e h T . r e m a e r d e h t r o f s g n i n r a w s u o ir e
s me sthe
e c n a tr o p m i ri e h t t u b , m e h t g n i e e s p o t s o t r e d r o n i g n i p e e l s d i o v a o t s e ir t r e m a e r d
. y t e f a s r e h r o s i h r o f l a i c u r c s
i
e h c y s p d n a n i a r b n a m u h e h t n i t n e t s i x e s r e g n a d l a e r t c e lf e r s e r a m t h g i N
. d lr o w e d i s t u o e h t n i s a l l e w s
a They have the genera lmeaning o fan alarm ,
l a e t s o t g n i y rt s i e n o e m o s n e h w u o y t c e t o r p o t y rt t a h t s m r a l a l l a e k il g n i k r o w
h tl a e h l a t n e m r u o y g n i s o l m o r f u o y t c e t o r p o t y rt y e h T . r a c r u o y r o e r o t s r u o y
d r u o y o t g n o l e b t a h t s g n i h t r e h t o g n i s o l m o r f , s e m it y n a m d n a , ll a f o t s ri
f aliy
. e fi
l In othe rwords ,nightmareoffer skindnes sfort he dreame rbutt hedreame r .f
l e s ti g n i n a e m s ’ e r a m t h g i n e h t o t e t a r e d i s n o c o t e v a h
n o d e s a
B KevinPConnelly ,nightmare soccu rconitnuallyinmany (
s r e l o o h c s e r p n i n o m m o c t s o m e r a y e h t t u b , n e r d li h
c chlidrenaged3-6years )
s u a c e
b e ta ht si ea g normalf ear sdevelopandachlid’si maginaitoni sveryacitve. r i e h t f o e r a w a e m o c e b y e h t , e r a m t h g i n a f o e s u a c e b p u e k a w n e r d li h c n e h W
e h t ,t l u s e r a s A . tr o f m o c d e e n y ll a u s u d n a s g n i d n u o r r u
s sechlidreno tfenwakeup
r i e h
t parents.
(h ttp://www.emedicineheatlh.com/nightmares/aritcle_em.htm#nightmare_inrtod n
o it c
u retirvedonSeptembe r14th ,2012)
o t g n i d r o c c
A Richard Wlikerson, nightmare smay have severa lcauses , e s u a c d e t a l e r o n e v a h y a m y e h t r o a m u a rt , s s e n ll i , n o it a c i d e m , s g u r d g n i d u l c n i
, e fi l g n i k a w s 'e n o n i s s e rt s s i e r e h t n e h w r u c c o y e h t n e tf O . s u o e n a t n o p s e b d n a
. g n ir u c c o e
r a s
e g n a h c e
fi l r o j a m n
e h w d
(h ttp://seflhelpmagazine.com/aritcle/nightmares retirved on Septembe r 14th , )
2 1 0
2 In t hi sstudy ,nightmaret hatf aced by Meg becauseo f rtauma .Herl fiei s a
h e h s , e c n e H . e l b a tr o f m o c n u , r a e f f o l l u
f sno one to talk to since she wa sa
. d li h c
n , r e ti r w e h t o t g n i d r o c c
A ightmarei sadreamwhichcomei nt hef ormo f
g n i n e t h g ir f y ll a e r t a h t g n i h t e m o
s andt errfiyingthedreame rand tii si naf ormo f
n a m u h
a tha tarleady passedaway .Thenightmare tisel fhappen swhen wehave e n o o n s i e r e h T . s s e n r a e f e h t e t e l p m o c o s l a s s e n k r a d e h t n e h w , t h g i n t a p e e l s
e r a m t h g i n e h t d n a r e h y l n o s i e r e h T . m a e r d r e h n i r e m a e r d e h t s p l e h o h
w tisefl.
.
2 Nigh tFall
o t g n i d r o c c
A Webster’ sEncyclopedic Unab irdged Dicitonary o fthe Engilsh ,
e g a u g n a
L Nightf alli st hebeginningo fnigh.t( p .1299)
m a e r d g n i n e t h g ir f d n a d a b e h t s i e r a m t h g i n f o g n i n a e m e h t , y d u t s s i h t n I
e h t , l e v o n s i h t o t g n i d r o c c A . r e t c a r a h c n i a m e h t s a r e i z a r F g e M s t n u a h h c i h w
. s e m o c k r a d e h t n e h w e m it e h t s i ll a ft h g i n f o g n i n a e m
.
3 SurfaceMeaning /Ltiera lMeaning g
n i n a e m l a r e ti
L si a prope try o f ilnguisitc expressions .Roughly speaking ,the
s ti y b d e n i m r e t e d s i s d r o w f o e c n e u q e s x e l p m o c a f o g n i n a e m l a r e ti l
o t d e n g i s s a y ll a n o it n e v n o c e r a t a h t s g n i n a e m e h t d n a s e it r e p o r p l a c it a m m a r g
o h s t n e m e t a t s a f o g n i n a e m l a r e ti l e h T . s d r o w e s o h
t uldbedisitnguishedf rom ti s
e r u t a c il p m i l a n o it a s r e v n o
.t n e m e t a t
s (http://phliosophy.hku.hkt/hink/meaningl/tiera.lphp retirved on )
2 1 0 2 , 1 1 r e b o t c O
g n i n a e m l a r e ti
L ist heanswe roft heproblemf ormulaitoni nt hiss tudywhichcan .t
x e t e h t n i n e tt ir w d n u o f e b
.
4 Deepe rMeaning
e h t o t r e f e r o t d e s u s i ' n o it a t o n n o c' m r e t e h t " , r e l d n a h C o t g n i d r o c c A o i c o
s -cutlura land 'personal 'associaiton s i(deological ,emoitona letc. )o fthe n g i s e ri t n e n a n e h w s r u c c o g n i n a e m e v it a t o n n o c , s e h tr a B o t g n i d r o c c A " . n g i s
o c e b ) t n e t n o c d e if i n g i s s ti d n a r e if i n g i s a n e e w t e b p i h s n o it a l e r e h
t( me s a
a e w n e h W . fl e s ti r e if i n g i
s re deailng wtih connotaitve meaning ,we are in the
o t g n i d r o c c A " . n o it a c if i n g i s r e d r o d n o c e s " s ll a c s e h tr a B t a h w f o n i a r r e t
e h t h c i h w o t s e d o c e h t y b d e n i m r e t e d e r a " s g n i n a e m e v it a t o n n o c , r e l d n a h C
. c if i c e p s y ll a r u tl u c s i n o it a t o n n o c , s i t a h T " .s s e c c a
