Module 2 (L4) Sustainable Watershed Approach Watershed Management Practices

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M odu le 2 – ( L4 ) Su st a in a ble W a t e r sh e d Appr oa ch M odu le 2 ( L4 ) Su st a in a ble W a t e r sh e d Appr oa ch & W a t e r sh e d M a n a ge m e n t Pr a ct ice s

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L4

L4 – Su st a in a ble W a t e r sh e d

L4

L4 Su st a in a ble W a t e r sh e d

M a n a ge m e n t



Topics Cove r e d



Topics Cove r e d



I nt roduct ion t o t he concept of sust ainable

w at ershed m anagem ent , Principles of

sust ainable wat ershed m anagem ent , Nat ural

resources m anagem ent , Case St udy.



Keywords:

S

t i

bl

t

h d



Keywords:

Sust ainable wat ershed

m anagem ent , Nat ural resources

Managem ent .Managem ent .

2 2

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Su st a in a ble D e ve lopm e n t



‘Su st a in a ble D e ve lopm e n t ’ ( SD ) :

“ Meet ing t he needs & aspirat ions of present generat ion wit hout

i i t h bilit f f t t i t t com prom ising t he abilit y of fut ure generat ion t o m eet t heir needs” .

 Aim s at global securit y – int egrat ing econom ics –g y g g science of developm ent & ecology – science of environm ent .

 SD – m ust deal wit h t hreat of povert y populat ion  SD – m ust deal wit h t hreat of povert y, populat ion

growt h & environm ent al degradat ion

 I t preserve & enlarge: physical, hum an & environm ent al capit al

 “Gr ow t h – w ove n a r ou n d pe ople , n ot pe ople

a r ou n d gr ow t h ”

3 3

a r ou n d gr ow t h

(4)

Sust ainable Developm ent

Econ om ic

SD

Political

SD

En vir on m e n t a l

Socia l

To achieve sust ainabilit y: Socially accept able econom ically &

En vir on m e n t a l

To achieve sust ainabilit y: Socially accept able, econom ically & t echnically viable proj ect , m ult i- disciplinary approach, social inst it ut ion, involvem ent of st ake holders – Holist ic approach -Capacit y Building- “good science & sm art planning”

4 4

Capacit y Building good science & sm art planning

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Su st a in a ble D e ve lopm e n t & W a t e r

Re sou r ce s M a n a ge m e n t

• Developm ent & m anagem ent of wat er, land, biom ass & energy wit hin a t im e fram e:

energy wit hin a t im e fram e:

• t o m eet wit h m inim um needs of t he ult im at e size of populat ion, wit hout irreversibly affect ing t he resource base and while cont aining adverse effect on people, flora and fauna.

• Econom ic developm ent decisions by t he present generat ion Econom ic developm ent decisions by t he present generat ion wit hout com prom ising capacit y of fut ure generat ions:

• t o t ake decisions according t o t heir percept ions for

t hem selves and for t heir fut ure generat ions FLEXI BI LI TY t hem selves and for t heir fut ure generat ions. FLEXI BI LI TY,

RESI LI ENCE have t o be t he hallm arks.

5 5

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D e ve lopm e n t & M a n a ge m e n t of W a t e r

Re sou r ce s

For 3 Sect ors

Foodood- I rrigat ion; ga o ; Peopleeop e- Drinking, Sanit at ion;g, Sa a o ;

Nat ure - Ecology

• Wat er is a basic nat ural resource which nurt ures life.

Photo, A.K. Singh, 2002

• Less t han 3% is freshwat er and less t han 0.03% is accessible t o m ankind.

• Due t o variabilit y of it s availabilit y in t im e & space it needs • Due t o variabilit y of it s availabilit y in t im e & space, it needs ‘developm ent ’ i.e. st orage for surface wat er & pum page from groundwat er.

A d l d ( D) d t ( M) D & M • A developed ( D) resource needs m anagem ent ( M) . D & M go hand in hand.

• To be int egrat ed ( I WRDM) - t o be sust ained.

6 6

g ( )

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Sust ainabilit y I ssues for I WRDM

Pe ople :

St able populat ion survival & fulfillm ent of

•

Pe ople :

St able populat ion, survival & fulfillm ent of

m inim um needs; deprivat ion, povert y, hunger, t hirst , m alnut rit ion, unem ploym ent , lack of hygiene- sanit at ion-h lt h i t i h bilit t i & t t l t

healt h, m igrat ion, rehabilit at ion & reset t lem ent .

•

W a t e r

:

Loss of st orage due t o silt at ion; fall of groundwat er t able; recession of glaciers incidence of drought and floods

t able; recession of glaciers, incidence of drought and floods, qualit y degradat ion, salinit y ingress, recycling and reuse, drying of rivers.

•

La n d:

Wat er logging & salinit y, wet lands- m

arshes-m angroves, drainage and reclaarshes-m at ion, desilt ing of wat er-bodies & canals, prot ect ion for wat ersheds, erosion,

bodies & canals, prot ect ion for wat ersheds, erosion, inundat ion and sea- level rise, advance of desert s,

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Su st a in a bilit y I ssu e s – con .

y

• Pr odu ct : Level of food product ion balanced

• Pr odu ct : Level of food product ion, balanced

com posit ion, quant it y- qualit y- t im eliness of supply, energy generat ed, healt hy environm ent .

• Fa cilit ie s: Dam s, canals, pum ps, t urbines, em bankm ent s -t heir repairs, m oderniza-t ion, replacem en-t , enlargem en-t ;

safet y, longevit y, desilt at ion, serviceabilit y, upkeep, special safet y, longevit y, desilt at ion, serviceabilit y, upkeep, special repairs.

• Biom a ss: Conservat ion of bio- diversit y, gene banks, t issue cult ure energy plant at ions irrigat ed forest ry biosphere

cult ure, energy plant at ions, irrigat ed forest ry, biosphere conservat ion zones, glass houses.

• D e ve lop ‘SUSTAI N ABI LI TY’ Pe r for m a n ce I n dica t or s.

8 8

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Su st a in a ble W a t e r sh e d M a n a ge m e n t



Sust ainable wat ershed m anagem ent

--approach of t aking w at er resources

approach of t aking w at er resources

m anagem ent pract ices in a holist ic fashion

--t aking in--t o accoun--t of --t he usage behavior of

t aking int o account of t he usage behavior of

t a

g

t o accou t o t e usage be a o

o

t a

g

t o accou t o t e usage be a o

o

various sect ors and t heir effect s on land &

w at er use t hat include polit ical, econom ic,

social t echnological & environm ent al

considerat ions.

Wid l d

t

f

t

bil t

l

Wid l d

t

f

t

bil t

l



Widely used concept for governm ent , bilat eral

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Su st a in a ble W a t e r sh e d M a n a ge m e n t

Purpose of sust ainable wat ershed m anagem ent

 To prot ect t he land & wat er resources

 Habit at support ed by resources for fut ure generat ions  Balance fut ure growt h while prot ect ing exist ing

M j t k f t h t h d

Maj or t ask of t he w at ershed m anager

• To int egrat e all planning & m anagem ent act ivit ies • To fulfill t he m ain m anagem ent obj ect ives and To fulfill t he m ain m anagem ent obj ect ives and

sust ainabilit y of precious resources

I m provem ent - definit ion of wat ershed m anagem ent

• By adding concept of int egrat ion & sust ainabilit y

 of land, wat er, econom ic & social resources t o

upgrade hum an welfare in a qualit y environm ent .

10 10

upgrade hum an welfare in a qualit y environm ent .

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M ot iva t ion for SW M



The t erm

“ sust ainabilit y”

w as popularized in

Burt land report in 1987

( World Com m ission on

Burt land report in 1987

( World Com m ission on

Env. & Dev.) ,

w here sust ainabilit y w as im plied

as an equit able dist ribut ion of t he resources not

as a

equ t ab e d st but o

o t e esou ces

ot

as a

equ t ab e d st but o

o t e esou ces

ot

only spat ially bet w een users in a given locat ion,

but t em porarily bet w een users over t im e.



Lat er on, t he m ain recom m endat ion from t he

report w as int egrat ed int o

report w as int egrat ed int o –

p

g

–

– Agenda 21 of Rio sum m it 1992 and Dublin PrinciplesAgenda 21 of Rio sum m it 1992 and Dublin Principles –

– I nt ernat ional Hydrological Program m e ( by UNESCO) I nt ernat ional Hydrological Program m e ( by UNESCO) ft 1992 h

ft 1992 h

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Pr in ciple s of SW M

 Technical & socioeconom ic m easures - based on sound dat a & experim ent al invest igat ion

dat a & experim ent al invest igat ion

 Successful act ivit ies in a sm all wat ershed m ay lead t o int egrat ion of achievem ent s in a large river basin

d d h h

 Good coordinat ion am ong t he inst it ut ions w ho are working t owards fulfilling I WM goals

 Avoid local polit ics t o lead people in m isuse, when Avoid local polit ics t o lead people in m isuse, when designing policies and legislat ive m easures

 Com m unit y part icipat ion

12 12

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Fr a m e w or k for SW M

 Pu r pose : To int roduce program t hat balances growt h wit h nat ural resource prot ect ion for sust ainabilit y

wit h nat ural resource prot ect ion for sust ainabilit y  Three st ages: Technical, Planning and Wat ershed

Com m unit y Out reach.

h i l d f h f d

 Te ch n ica l st a ge : I dent ifies t he im pact s of rapid growt h on a wat ershed’s resources

 Pla n n in g st a ge :Pla n n in g st a ge : Develop m anagem ent st rat egies Develop m anagem ent st rat egies t hat balance regional growt h wit h nat ural resource prot ect ion

W a t e r sh e d com m u n it y ou t r e a ch : I nnovat ive  W a t e r sh e d com m u n it y ou t r e a ch : I nnovat ive

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Ele m e n t s of SW M



Four basic elem ent s ( show n in figure below )

and t hey are int er

and t hey are int er connect ed Therefore t he

connect ed Therefore t he

and t hey are int er

and t hey are int er-- connect ed. Therefore t he

connect ed. Therefore t he

need t o look at all t hese elem ent s in an

int egrat ed way

t eg at ed

ay

Natural

Resources Technology

Resources

I nstitutions Economics

14 14

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SWM

SWM -- Nat ural Resource Managem ent

Nat ural Resource Managem ent



Nat ural resource m anagem ent

Nat ural resource m anagem ent --

focuses on scient ific &

t echnical underst anding of resources & ecology & life

support ing capacit ies of t hese resources.



I n addit ion, it also focuses on t o underst and right of

k h ld

i h

d

f

l

k h ld

i h

d

f

l

st akeholders wit h regard t o use of nat ural resources



Nat ural resource m anagem ent

m ay include

i t

t i

l t d t

i t

t i

l t d t

R d

i

il

i

int ervent ions relat ed t o

int ervent ions relat ed t o –

–

Reducing soil erosion

–

– I ncreasing w at er availabilit yI ncreasing w at er availabilit y –

– I ncreasing product ivit y I ncreasing product ivit y I ncreasing product ivit y I ncreasing product ivit y –

– I m prove adapt abilit y especially in cont ext of clim at e I m prove adapt abilit y especially in cont ext of clim at e change

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SW M e le m e n t

resources and also im plem ent at ion by

engineering or biological m easures

e g

ee

g o b o og ca

easu es

e g

ee

g o b o og ca

easu es



Technological m easures in SWM

include

include--I t s suit abilit y t o t he environ m aint ained by unskilled labor

m aint ained by unskilled labor –

– Should address m at erial as well as labor availabilit y Should address m at erial as well as labor availabilit y –

– Can be indigenous Can be indigenous

Provide bet t er access t o inform at ion Provide bet t er access t o inform at ion

16 16

–

– Provide bet t er access t o inform at ionProvide bet t er access t o inform at ion

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SW M Ele m e n t

SW M Ele m e n t –

– I n st it u t ion s

I n st it u t ion s



I nst it ut ions

--

form al & nonform al & non-- form al group of individuals form al group of individuals bound t oget her by som e com m on purpose t o achieve set bound t oget her by som e com m on purpose t o achieve set obj ect ives. Eg. Governm ent depart m ent s, gram

obj ect ives. Eg. Governm ent depart m ent s, gram

panchayat s, farm er’s group , wom en group, wat er users panchayat s, farm er’s group , wom en group, wat er users associat ions et c.

associat ions et c.



I nst it ut ion involvem ent in SWM includes

–

– Address governance issues t hat includes account abilit y, Address governance issues t hat includes account abilit y, ff

ff

t ransparency, equit y, efficiency & part icipat ion t ransparency, equit y, efficiency & part icipat ion –

– Helps t o underst and t he rules and cust om s of a localit y Helps t o underst and t he rules and cust om s of a localit y including land t enure syst em , propert y right s and

including land t enure syst em , propert y right s and including land t enure syst em , propert y right s and including land t enure syst em , propert y right s and collect ive act ions

collect ive act ions –

– Looks int o int erLooks int o int er-- st akeholder issues st akeholder issues

17 17

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SW M Ele m e n t

SW M Ele m e n t -- Econ om ics

Econ om ics



 Econom ic Econom ic -- financially viable approach for any planning financially viable approach for any planning im plem ent at ion ( bot h social & t echnical) m easures;

im plem ent at ion ( bot h social & t echnical) m easures;

F

F dd ll t t t it i & & i ti t f t h f t h

Focuses

Focuses on developm ent , operat ion & m aint enance of t he on developm ent , operat ion & m aint enance of t he act ivit ies;

act ivit ies; AddressAddress -- cost effect iveness as well as cost effect iveness as well as affordabilit y concept of developm ent act ivit ies. affordabilit y concept of developm ent act ivit ies. 

 CostCost -- effect iveness m eans effect iveness m eans –

– Low cost of const ruct ion and m aint enance at easier Low cost of const ruct ion and m aint enance at easier availabilit y of labor and m at erial

availabilit y of labor and m at erial availabilit y of labor and m at erial availabilit y of labor and m at erial –

– Eligibilit y t o subsidies Eligibilit y t o subsidies _{Photo, A.K. Singh, 2002}

18 18

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SW M Appr oa ch

For a

successful SWM

approach

approach -- act ivit ies

act ivit ies

should be designed in phases t hat should

essent ially involve four core elem ent s as

discussed earlier



Planning Phase



Planning Phase



Prof. T I Eldho, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Bombay

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SW M

SW M -- Pla n n in g Ph a se

Pla n n in g Ph a se

Act ivit ies proposed ( in general)

--



Nat ural resource Managem ent

–

– Developing underst anding of local resources available Developing underst anding of local resources available -- Generally resource m apping Generally resource m apping -- includes blend of includes blend of

-- Generally resource m apping Generally resource m apping -- includes blend of includes blend of scient ific and local knowledge.

scient ific and local knowledge.



Technology



Technology

–

– Scient ific underst anding about t he problem s and Scient ific underst anding about t he problem s and possible solut ion t hat leads t o sust ainabilit y

possible solut ion t hat leads t o sust ainabilit y –

– Wat er resources m odeling approach blend wit h Wat er resources m odeling approach blend wit h applicat ion of rem ot e sensing and GI S t echniques applicat ion of rem ot e sensing and GI S t echniques

20 20

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SW M

I dent ificat ion of form al & non

I dent ificat ion of form al & non form al groups & form al groups & individuals in t he area

individuals in t he area-- st a k e h olde r a n a lysisst a k e h olde r a n a lysis

–

– I dent ificat ion of exist ing governm ent policies for I dent ificat ion of exist ing governm ent policies for

d t ili f f d d i t h t t h d d t ili f f d d i t h t t h d dovet ailing of funds and ensuring t hat t he proposed dovet ailing of funds and ensuring t hat t he proposed act ivit ies should be in line

act ivit ies should be in line -- Policy a n a lysisPolicy a n a lysis

– Financial m anagem ent plan of individual act ivit ies Financial m anagem ent plan of individual act ivit ies –

– Ensuring financial t ransact ionEnsuring financial t ransact ion-- in t ransparent m anner in t ransparent m anner

21 21

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SW M

SW M -- I m ple m e n t a t ion ph a se

I m ple m e n t a t ion ph a se



 I m ple m e n t a t ion ph a seI m ple m e n t a t ion ph a se -- cover developm ent ofcover developm ent of necessary infrast ruct ure w it h com m unit y

necessary infrast ruct ure w it h com m unit yecessa yecessa y as uc u eas uc u e coco uu yy part icipat ion.

part icipat ion. 

 Ca pa cit y bu ildin gCa pa cit y bu ildin g -- I m port ant act ivit y during t he phase. I m port ant act ivit y during t he phase. The act ivit ies under t he phase are

The act ivit ies under t he phase are--

 Nat ural resource Managem entNat ural resource Managem ent

I dent ifying land t enure st at us of t he areas for which I dent ifying land t enure st at us of t he areas for which –

– I dent ifying land t enure st at us of t he areas for which I dent ifying land t enure st at us of t he areas for which int ervent ions has been proposed under planning phase int ervent ions has been proposed under planning phase –

– Carrying out dialogue wit h land owners for effect ive Carrying out dialogue wit h land owners for effect ive ut ilizat ion

ut ilizat ion

22 22

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SW M

SW M -- I m ple m e n t a t ion Ph a se

I m ple m e n t a t ion Ph a se



Te ch n ology

–

– Engineering surveys for ident ifying feasibilit y of Engineering surveys for ident ifying feasibilit y of gg gg yy yy gg yy int ervent ions for a part icular locat ion

int ervent ions for a part icular locat ion –

– Carrying out relat ed scient ific st udies for ident ifying Carrying out relat ed scient ific st udies for ident ifying beneficiaries from int ervent ions

beneficiaries from int ervent ions beneficiaries from int ervent ions beneficiaries from int ervent ions



I n st it u t ion s

–

– Capacit y building of local inst it ut ions Capacit y building of local inst it ut ions pp yy gg –

– Developing effect ive delivery m echanism for each Developing effect ive delivery m echanism for each int ervent ions

– Cost analysis for individual int ervent ion Cost analysis for individual int ervent ion –

– Affordable cost cont ribut ed by t he com m unit y t o cover Affordable cost cont ribut ed by t he com m unit y t o cover yy yy part ial capit al.

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Post

Post –

– I m ple m e n t a t ion Ph a se

I m ple m e n t a t ion Ph a se

Post

Post -- I m plem ent at ion phase obj ect ives: To

I m plem ent at ion phase obj ect ives: To

–



Ensure

sust ainabilit y

of proposed int ervent ions even

aft er closure of t he int ervent ion

–

– Design of effect ive inst it ut ion m echanism w here local Design of effect ive inst it ut ion m echanism w here local –

– Design of effect ive inst it ut ion m echanism w here local Design of effect ive inst it ut ion m echanism w here local com m unit y t ake charge of m anagem ent of int ervent ions

– Working on m et hodology of m onit oring and evaluat ion Working on m et hodology of m onit oring and evaluat ion approach for individual int ervent ions

approach for individual int ervent ions

i k f i di h f i

–

– Using key perform ance indicat ors approach for assessing Using key perform ance indicat ors approach for assessing progress of t he proj ect

progress of t he proj ect –

– Using inputUsing input -- out put approach out put approach

24 24

g p

g p pp pppp

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Ca se St u dy

Ca se St u dy-- Su cce ss of Pa n i Pa n ch a ya t

Su cce ss of Pa n i Pa n ch a ya t



Pani Panchayat

( Wat er Council)( Wat er Council) -- volunt ary act ivit y of volunt ary act ivit y of group of farm ers com m it t ed t hrough sust ainable

group of farm ers com m it t ed t hrough sust ainable group of farm ers com m it t ed t hrough sust ainable group of farm ers com m it t ed t hrough sust ainable developm ent of village

developm ent of village -- t hrough equit able dist ribut ion t hrough equit able dist ribut ion of wat er t o all

of wat er t o all -- t hrough sust ainable wat ershed t hrough sust ainable wat ershed developm ent t o im prove life of inhabit ant s wit h developm ent t o im prove life of inhabit ant s wit h developm ent t o im prove life of inhabit ant s wit h developm ent t o im prove life of inhabit ant s wit h part icipat ion of com m unit ies.

part icipat ion of com m unit ies. 

 'Pani Panchayat ''Pani Panchayat ' is t he nam e first given t o a m ovem ent is t he nam e first given t o a m ovem ent for m ot ivat ing farm ers of Naigaon Village of t he drought for m ot ivat ing farm ers of Naigaon Village of t he drought -- prone Purandhar t aluka of Maharasht ra St at e.prone Purandhar t aluka of Maharasht ra St at e.



 Conflict over wat er solvedConflict over wat er solved –– t hrough people t hrough people 

 Conflict over wat er solvedConflict over wat er solved t hrough people t hrough people

part icipat ion, wat er m anagem ent & Lift I rrigat ion. part icipat ion, wat er m anagem ent & Lift I rrigat ion. 

 Overall com m unit y developm ent Overall com m unit y developm ent –– form ulat ed by form ulat ed by Vil S l kh

Vil S l kh 19701970 Vilasrao Salunkhe

(26)

Obj e ct ive s

Obj e ct ive s –

– Ca se st u dy

Ca se st u dy



 To ident it y local needs, local resources, local t alent s, To ident it y local needs, local resources, local t alent s, local st rengt h and t o int egrat e t hem .

local st rengt h and t o int egrat e t hem . 

 To carry out experim ent s for opt im um use of nat ural To carry out experim ent s for opt im um use of nat ural resources like wat er, land and solar energy.

resources like wat er, land and solar energy. 

 To carry out experim ent s t o dem onst rat e effect ive wat er To carry out experim ent s t o dem onst rat e effect ive wat er 

 To carry out experim ent s t o dem onst rat e effect ive wat er To carry out experim ent s t o dem onst rat e effect ive wat er conservat ion and m aint ain soil fert ilit y.

conservat ion and m aint ain soil fert ilit y. 

indust ries for value addit ion in t he agricult ural product s. indust ries for value addit ion in t he agricult ural product s. 

 I nt eract wit h decision m akers t o incorporat e proved rural I nt eract wit h decision m akers t o incorporat e proved rural pp pp developm ent m et hods int o t he policy of t he Governm ent . developm ent m et hods int o t he policy of t he Governm ent . 

 To provide educat ion, t raining and infrast ruct ure in order To provide educat ion, t raining and infrast ruct ure in order t o im plem ent t he above obj ect ives

(27)

Pr in ciple s of

Pr in ciple s of Pa n i

Pa n i Pa n ch a ya t

Pa n ch a ya t



Sust ainable wat er use

E

it

E

it



Equit y

Equit y--

Every fam ily in t he village Every fam ily in t he village -- allowed wat er for allowed wat er for cult ivat ion, allocat ion based on fam ily size not land

cult ivat ion, allocat ion based on fam ily size not land holding

holding gg



Efficiency

--

wat er int ensive crops should not be grown wat er int ensive crops should not be grown in t he village

in t he village –– Prot ect ive irrigat ionProt ect ive irrigat ion



Part icipat ion

--

cropping schedule should be decided by cropping schedule should be decided by m ut ual agreem ent wit h m em ber farm ers

m ut ual agreem ent wit h m em ber farm ers

Econom y

tt t t h h ld b ld b id b ll id b ll bb



Econom y

--

w at er t axes should be paid by all m em bers w at er t axes should be paid by all m em bers by t he dat es fixed up, failing which wat er supply should by t he dat es fixed up, failing which wat er supply should be cut for m em ber’s farm

(28)

Ca se st u dy



Problem s in t he village

Area experiencing low rainfall 500 m m Area experiencing low rainfall 500 m m –

– Area experiencing low rainfall ~ 500 m mArea experiencing low rainfall ~ 500 m m –

– Over abst ract ion of groundwat er Over abst ract ion of groundwat er -- serious concerns serious concerns



Act ivit ies undert aken



Act ivit ies undert aken

–

– Resource MappingResource Mapping-- Developed geographical Developed geographical Underst anding of proj ect area

Underst anding of proj ect area –

– Well m onit oring Well m onit oring –– ident ified recharging as ident ified recharging as Well as discharging wells

(29)

Ca se st u dy Ou t com e s



Migrat ion from t he village has st opped

Agricult ure yield has increased due t o increased



Agricult ure yield has increased due t o increased

w at er t able and in sit u m oist ure.



Lift irrigat ion schem es has increased in t he



Lift irrigat ion schem es has increased in t he

village and are funct ioning sust ainably.



Villagers are able t o produce t w o crops a year

w it h an irrigat ion provision of about 8 m ont hs.



I ncrease in local em ploym ent s opport unit y in t he

village



(30)

Re fe r e n ce s



Raj Vir Singh ( 2000) Wat ershed Planning and



Raj Vir Singh ( 2000) , Wat ershed Planning and

Managem ent , Yash Publishing House



ht t p: / / panipanchayat org/ service ht m l



ht t p: / / panipanchayat .org/ service.ht m l



Hariyali guidelines of governm ent of I ndia



ht t p: / / sdnp nic in/ casest udy/ cases/ panipancha



ht t p: / / sdnp.nic.in/ casest udy/ cases/ panipancha

yat .ht m l



ht t p: / / m ow r gov in



ht t p: / / m ow r.gov.in

30 30

(31)

Tu t or ia ls - Qu e st ion !.?.



I llu st r a t e solu t ion a ppr oa ch for SW M

for you r w a t e r sh e d?.



 I dent ify t he ext ent of w at ershedI dent ify t he ext ent of w at ershed-- w at ershed delineat ion w at ershed delineat ion

using appropriat e GI S based analysis using appropriat e GI S based analysis Carry out resource m apping

Carry out resource m apping



 Carry out resource m apping Carry out resource m apping 

 I dent ify t he problem s I dent ify t he problem s 

 I dent ify areas having problem s such as soil erosion, floods, I dent ify areas having problem s such as soil erosion, floods,

det eriorat ing w at er qualit y and also t race out possible det eriorat ing w at er qualit y and also t race out possible reason for t hat .

reason for t hat .



 I m port ant st ep for ident ifying t he problem s and at t ribut ing I m port ant st ep for ident ifying t he problem s and at t ribut ing

reason is t hat t he local people should be involved w it h t he reason is t hat t he local people should be involved w it h t he t eam of scient ist and engineers.

t eam of scient ist and engineers.

(32)

Se lf Eva lu a t ion - Qu e st ion s!.

Q



What are t he com m on sust ainabilit y

i

f

I WRDM?

issues for I WRDM?.



Discuss t he principles & fram ework for

Sust ainable Wat ershed Managem ent

g

approach.

P f T I Eldh D t t f Ci il E i i IIT B b

32 32

(33)

Assign m e n t - Qu e st ion s?.

g

Q



Explain t he elem ent s of Sust ainable

Wat ershed Managem ent

Wat ershed Managem ent .

I ll

t

t S

t i

bl W t

h d



I llust rat e Sust ainable Wat ershed

Managem ent Approach.



Discuss a case st udy of Sust ainable

W t

h d M

t

(34)

Un solve d Pr oble m !.



 Tradit ional soil and wat er conservat ion plans has Tradit ional soil and wat er conservat ion plans has failed due t o it s single point em phasis on building failed due t o it s single point em phasis on building engineering st ruct ures. I n addit ion t he villagers engineering st ruct ures. I n addit ion t he villagers engineering st ruct ures. I n addit ion t he villagers engineering st ruct ures. I n addit ion t he villagers neit her underst and t he basic purpose of creat ing neit her underst and t he basic purpose of creat ing t hese st ruct ures nor find any incent ives of

t hese st ruct ures nor find any incent ives of m aint aining t hem Also t hese st ruct ures are m aint aining t hem Also t hese st ruct ures are m aint aining t hem . Also, t hese st ruct ures are m aint aining t hem . Also, t hese st ruct ures are

vanishing aft er few years of com plet ion of proj ect . vanishing aft er few years of com plet ion of proj ect . 

 I dent ify suit able sust ainable wat ershed m anagem ent I dent ify suit able sust ainable wat ershed m anagem ent

h dd h bl ?

approach t o address t he problem ?. approach t o address t he problem ?.

–

– Carry out stakeholder analysisCarry out stakeholder analysis –

– Consider traditional practices of farmersConsider traditional practices of farmers t l l t h d

t l l t h d –

– suggest local m et hodssuggest local m et hods –

– I dent ify soil conservat ion m easuresI dent ify soil conservat ion m easures –

– I dent ify proper m onit oring and evaluat ion st rat egy and involve local I dent ify proper m onit oring and evaluat ion st rat egy and involve local people

(35)

Dr. T. I. Eldho Dr. T. I. Eldho

Professor, Professor,

Department of Civil Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, pp gg gg

Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India, 400 076.

Mumbai, India, 400 076.

Email:

Email: [email protected]@iitb.ac.in

Email:

Email: [email protected]@iitb.ac.in

Phone: (022)