CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PATIENTS
UNDERWENT TRACHEOSTOMY
IN ENT-HNS DEPARTMENT
IN SANGLAH HOSPITAL
FROM 2012-2014
By: Juniari
INTRODUCTION
TRACHEOSTOMY
operative procedure that creates a surgical airway in the cervical trachea in patients with inadequate ventilation or upper respiratory obstruction
location of the incision the time of action types of incisions
techniques
H. Adam Malik Hospital in Medan period 2006-2010
83 patients with tracheostomy action, male 83.1% and female 16.9%.
In ENT-HNS Department
BACKGROUND
ISSUE What is the characteristic of the patients underwent tracheostomy
in ENT-HNS Department in Sanglah Hospital in 2012-2014?
General: To know the characteristics of patients who underwent tracheostomy in
ENT-HNS Department in Sanglah Hospital in 2012-2014.
Spesific : To know the characteristics of patients who underwent tracheostomy based on age, sex, cause of obstruction, stadium obstruction, time of action, technique of action,
location of incision, kind of incison
.
OBJECTIVE
BENEFIT - To provide an overview characteristics of patients who underwent tracheostomy
LITERATURE REVIEW
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
Completed tracheotomy: 1. Vocal folds,
2. Thyroid cartilage, 3. Cricoid cartilage
Literature Review
DEFINITION & INDICATION OF TRACHESTOMY
operative procedure that creates a surgical airway in the cervical trachea in patients with inadequate ventilation or upper respiratory obstruction
Indication:
1) overcoming upper airway obstruction, 2) support the provision of assistance breath
3) remove secretions from the tracheobronchial, 4)prevent aspiration
Jackson divided the progressive airway obstruction in four stages.
Literature Review
TRACHESTOMY
Can divided into:
1.Location of incision
2.Kind of incision
3. Time of action
4. Technique of tracheostomy
Complication:
- intraoperative complications
- immediately complications
- late complications postoperative
Selection of tracheostomy tube depend on
patient's anatomy and clinical needs, should be rigid but
flexible enough to support adequate respiration and
comfortable for the patient.
Post Tracheostomy Care
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Age
Sex
Cause of obstruction
Stage of
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
MEDICAL RECORD
Patients underwent tracheostomy:
Age
Sex
Etiology
Stage of obstruction
Time of action
Technique of tracheostomy
Kind of incision
Location of incision
METHOD
Research Design
Place & Time ENT-HNS Department Sanglah Hospital January 2012- December 2014 (3 Years Study)
Retrospective Design
Population All patients underwent tracheostomy
Sample
Sample = Population
Consecutive Sampling Technique
Inclusion
All patient underwent tracheostomy in ENT-HNS
Departement Sanglah Hospital from
January 2012 until December 2014
Exclusion Patients with incomplete medical record concerning
METHOD
OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF VARIABLE
Tracheostomy, age, sex, cause of obstruction, stage of obstruction, time of action,
technique of tracheostomy, kind of incision, location of action, complication.
Taken from the medical records of patients who underwent tracheostomy in the
ENT-HNS Department in Sanglah Hospital from Januari 2012 to December 2014.
The results of the examination are recorded in a data collection sheet for further analysis.
DATA COLLECTION
DATA PROCESSING
RESULT
Total amount of cases in 3 years = 57 cases
DATA PROCESSING
Patients underwent tracheostomy
Variables Mostly Found %
Sex Male 84,2
Age 61-70 yo 33,3
Stage of obstruction Stage III 42,1
Caused of obstruction Laring tumor 59,65
Time of action Elective 56,1
Technique of tracheostomy Open 100
Kind of incision Vertical 98,2
Location of incision Low tracheostomy 100
PATIENTS UNDERWENT TRACHEOSTOMY
RESULT
BASED ON AGE
10% 2%
BASED ON SEX
84% 16%
Sex
RESULT
BASED ON CAUSES
59%
Nasopharingeal tumor
Limfoma non hodgkin
Nasopharingeal cancer
Hipopharingeal tumor
Laryngeal cancer
Cyst plica vokalis
PATIENTS UNDERWENT TRACHEOSTOMY
RESULT
BASED ON STAGE BASED ON TIME OF ACTION
Stage
1st stage 2nd stage 3rd stage 4th stage
Time of action
PATIENTS UNDERWENT TRACHEOSTOMY
RESULT
BASED ON TECHNIQUE OF
TRACHEOSTOMY BASED ON KIND OF INCISION
100% 0%
Technique of tracheostomy
Open
Percutaneu s dilatation
98% 2%
Kind of incision
PATIENTS UNDERWENT TRACHEOSTOMY
RESULT
BASED ON LOCATION OF
INCISION BASED ON COMPLICATION
0%
100%
Location of incision
SEX
DISCUSSION
M > F(84,2%)
TIME OF ACTION Elective (56,1%)
VARIABLE
OTHER STUDY
THIS STUDY
M > F (62,3%
Elective (62,7%)
STAGE OF OBSTRUCTION Not mentioned
AGE > 61 y.o 61-70 y.o
3rd stage
CAUSE OF OBSTRUCTION Laryngeal tumor (83,1) Laryngeal tumor (42,1%)
KIND OF INCISION
TECHNIQUE
COMPLICATION
Horizontal (61,4%)
Open procedure (98,8%)
LOCATION OF INCISION Low tracheostomy (38,5%)
Obstruction of canula( 43,4%)
Low tracheostomy (100%)
Vertical ( 98,2%)
Open procedure (100%)
DISCUSSION
•
Tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that is primarily
done to overcome airway obstruction.
•
Results of this study are limited in ENT-HNS Sanglah,
so it does not represent the whole tracheostomy in
Sanglah Hospital because tracheostomy was also
undertaken by the Department of Surgery and
In this study of 57 patients who underwent tracheostomy several variables related such as age, sex, causes, degree of obstruction, time measures, technical measures,
types and location of the incisions and complications.
conclusion
This study from January 2012- December 2014 had an age range between 3- 80 years
with an average age of 41.5 years and the largest age group is 61-70 years old.
Characteristics of gender is male 84.2% and female 15.8%. Most causes of tracheostomy
is performed laryngeal tumor by 42.1% with elective action of 56.1% and 43.9%
emergency. In terms of tracheostomy technique, 100% with surgery with incision
location lies low. While the type of incision is done by 98.2% with a vertical incision.
In this study of 57 patients who underwent tracheostomy January 2012- December 2014
had an age range between 3- 80 years with an average age of 41.5 years and the largest age
group is 61-70 years old.
conclusion
Characteristics of gender is male 84.2% and female 15.8%. Most causes of tracheostomy
is performed laryngeal tumor by 42.1% with elective action of 56.1% and 43.9% emergency,
100% with surgery with low incision and 98.2% with a vertical incision.
Most of the action is without the complications of tracheostomy that is equal to 91.2%.
With the data on the characteristics of patients who underwent tracheostomy in
