V _ I » > V N J A N C : r * E N Y A I ^ U r t A N
O A N I * E N 1> K T A I I . A N
V.l. K o n s e p Dasar.
P e n u l a n g a n m e m a n j a n g d a n g e s e r p a d a s e p a n j a n g b a l o k
t i d a k a k a n b e r f u n g s l j i k a t i d a k t e r j a d l k e r j a s a m a a n t a r a
b a j a t a l a n g a n d a n b e t o n .
T u l a n g a n d a p a t d i a n g g a p b e r p e r a n d a l a m b e t o n
b e r t u l a n g j i k a t e r j a d i aks i l e k a t a n a n t a r a b a j a d a n b e t o n
d i s e k e l i l i n g n y a . Lek^itan a n t a r a b e t o n d a n b a j a t u l a n g a n
ini h a r u s c u k u p u n t u k m e n g e m b a n g k a n k a p a s i t a s t a r i k a t a u
t e k a n d a r i t u l a n g a n h i n g g a m e n c a p a i l e l e h t a n p a t e r j a d i
s l i p . A p a b i l a a n t a r a b a j a t u l a n g a n d a n b e t o n t e r j a d i s l i p
d i b a w a h b e b a n k e r j a m a k a b o l e h j adi t i d a k a t a u d a p a t
m e n g a k i b a t k a n k e r u n t u h a n t o t a l d a r i b a l o k y a n g t i d a k
d i h a r a p k a n ..
U n t u k m e n a h a n g a y a t a r i k y a n g d l s e b a b k a n o l e h m o m e n
l e n t u r , t e n t u n y a d i p e r l u k a n s e j u m l a h l u a s t u l a n g a n ,
t e t a p i b e r a p a p u n l u a s t u l a n g a n y a n g d i s e d i a k a n t e n t u n y a
t u l a n g a n - t u l a n g a n i t u a k a n t e r l e p a s k e l u a r ( s l i p ) j i k a
t i d a k d i a n g k e r k a n k e d a l a m b e t o n s e h i n g g a g a y a t a r i k y a n g
t i m b u l d a p a t d i t a h a n o l e h l e k a t a n a n t a r a b e t o n d a n
t u l a n g a n . K a r e n a a l a s a n i n i l a h k a p a s i t a s m o m e n d a r i s u a t u
b a l o k j u g a a k a n b e r g a n t u n g d a r i p a n j a n g p e n a n a m a n
t u l a n g a n d i k e d u a a r a h .
461
S K S N I m e n s yar at ka ri p e n g g u n a a n B.ITD ( B a j a T u l a n g a n
D e f o r m / u l i r ) u n t u k m e n g u b a h p o l a k e r u n t u h a n l e k a t a n
m e n j a d i k e r u n t u h a n p e m b e l a h a n . P a d a B J T P ( B a j a T u l a n g a n
P o l o s ) , l e k a t a n a n t a r a t u l a n g a n d e n g a n b e t o n d i d a s a r k a n
p a d a g e s e k a n d a n a d h e s l , s e d a n g k a n B J T D b e r d a s a r k a n
t a h a n a n d a r i u l i r t u l a n g a n t e r h a d a p b e t o n d i s a m p i n g
b e r d a s a r k a n g e s e k a n d a n a d h e s i s e h i n g g a p e n g g u n a a n B J T D
t e n t u l e b i h b a i k d a r i p a d a B J T P . L e k a t a n y a n g b a i k a n t a r a
t u l a n g a n d a n b e t o n ini s a n g a t p e n t i n g d a l a m s t r u k t u r y a n g
d i r e n c a n a k a n t a h a n t e r h a d a p b e b a n g e m p a .
P a d a b a l o k k a n t i l e v e r s e p e r t i p a d a g a m b a r 5 . 1 y a n g
metnikul b e b a n m e r a t a . J i k a d i m i s a l k a n , u n t u k m e n a h a n
b e b a n y a n g a d a d i p e r l u k a n s a t u b u a h t u l a n g a n m e m a n j a n g
d e n g a n d i a m e t e r dt,. G a y a t a r i k (T) y a n g b e k e r j a p a d a
t i t i k B a k i b a t b e b a n y a n g a d a h a r u s d i t a h a n o l e h l e k a t a n
s e p a n j a n g A B a t a u b i s a j u g a d i k a t a k a n h a r u s d i t a h a n o l e h
l e k a t a n s e p a n j a n g AC. T u j u a n u t a m a d a r i p e r e n c a n a a n
b e r d a s a r k a n m e t o d e k e k u a t a n b a t a s a d a l a h u n t u k m e n c a p a i
t e g a n g a n l e l e h fy d a l a m t u l a n g a n .
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to1
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-j.
G a m b a r 5 . 1 . I k a t a n p e n g a n g k e r a n p a d a b a t a n g t a r i k .
T = fy.AS = fy.'/4.Jt.db2
J i k a t e g a n g a n l e k a t r a t a - r a t a p a d a l u a s n o m i n a l
y a n g d i p e r l u k a n a g a r t u l a n g a n m e n c a p a i l e l e h = u, m a k a ; u.:rt.db,Li = £y.'/4.Jc.dt,2
f y . d b L i =
4 . U
P a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n t e r s e b u t h a r u s d i s e d i a k a n u n t u k
m e n a h a n b a t a n g t u l a n g a n t a r i k a t a u p u n t e k a n .
463
Y . 2 . P a n j a n g P e n y a l u r a n d a r i T u l a n g a n T a r i k .
P a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n s e p e r t i p e n j e l a s a n d i d e p a n
m e r u p a k a n f u n g s l d a r i t e g a n g a n l e l e h £y, d i a m e t e r
t u l a n g a n dt, d a n k a p a s i t a s b a t a s t e g a n g a n l e k a t u. S K S N I
3 . 5 . 2 - 2 t e l a h m e n u r u n k a n p a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n d a s a r d a r i
t u l a n g a n t a r i k b e r d a s a r k a n h a l d i a t a s m e n j a d i :
I d b = 0 , 0 2 . A b . < 0 , 0 6 . d b . f y u n t u k d b < D - 3 6
= 2 5 . f y / / f o ' u n t u k di, = D - 4 5
lat. = 4 0 . f y / / f „ ' u n t u k d,, = D - 5 5
Idto = ( 3 . d b . f y/ 8 )//f o ' k a w a t d'eform
P a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n y a n g d i p e r l u k a n u n t u k t u l a n g a n
t a r i k m e r u p a k a n h a s i1 p e r k a l i a n d a r i p a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n
d a s a r l^b, d e n g a n f akt o r - f akt or s e p e r t i t e r c a n t u m d i b a w a h
i ni. F a k t o r - f a k t or ini liarus d i t e r a p k a n s e c a r a k u m u l a t i f
dalaro a r t i h a r u s d i k a l i k a n s e l u r u h n y a u n t u k k e a d a a n y a n g
s e s u a i .D a l a m s e g a l a hal p a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n u n t u k t u l a n g a n
t a r i k Id > 3 0 0 m m S K S N I 3 . 5 . 2 - 5
Fjktor penjili antak pjiijanj penjaluran tahngia tarik (SKSNI 3.5.2-3 dan SISNI 3.5.2-4)
Faklor leadaan
1,4 Talasgaa atas (talangan ;an{ diletakkan sebin;;a beion cair }an{
dicorkan diliawab talan;an korlsontal tersebat lebili dari 300 ii)
(2 - 400/f,) Unlik tilan;an den;an lata t, > 400 MPa
Beton a{{re;at rin;an (jika (,t ditentakaa lenarot SKSNI S - 37 - 1330 - 03)
1,33 Betas rlngao total
1,18 BetoD rin;an berpasir
0,8
Jarak antar batan; ;an; disalurkaa dalai arah panjan; yan; ditlnjaa secara lateral tidak karas; dari 150 ii dan Jarak dari laka koiponen kebatang tepi tidak kirao; dari 70 ii
As peril
As ada
Jika diganakan talangan jang lebili dari keperlaan berdasarkan analisa
0.75 Talangas yang ada didalai lilitan spiral yang berdiaieter tidak kirang dari 5 II dao jarak lilitannya < 100 ii
V . 3 . P a n j a n g P e n y a l u r a n d a r i T u l a n g a n T e k a n .
P a d a t u l a n g a n y a n g m e n g a l a m l t e k a n , p e r l e t a k a n u j u n g
t u l a n g a n p a d a b e t o n a k a n m e n a m b a h k e k u a t a n d a r i l e k a t a n .
J u g a t i d a k a k a n a d a p e r l e m a h a n a k i b a t r e t a k t a r i k l e n t u r .
P a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n d a s a r u n t u k t u l a n g a n t e k a n Idt, ;
= db. f y / ( 4 . / f o ' ) > 0 , 0 4 . d ^ . f y S K S N I 3 . 5 . 3 - 2
P a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n y a n g d l p e r l u k a n l<j d i d a p a t d a r i
h a s i l p e r k a l i a n p a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n d a s a r Ici. d e n g a n /
f a k t o r - f a k t o r d i b a w a h , t a p i d a l a m s e g a l a hal la > 2 0 0 m m
( S K S N I 3 . 5 . 3 - 1 ) .
465
F a k t o r p e R j i l l a n t e k p i o j a n ; p e n y i l n r t n t i l t n ; i n l e k t n ( S K S N I 3 . S . I - ] )
Faktor Keadaai)
As peril
As ad a
Jika di;iinakan Ulan;aD yan{ lebib dari keperhan berdasarkan aialisa
0,15 Talan{an yang ada didalaa lililan spiral yao{ berdiaieler lldak kiran; darl 5 II dan jarak lllitannia < IDO ii
V . 4 . P a n j a n g P e n y a l u r a n d a r i G a b u n g a n ( b e r k a s ) T u l a n g a n .
A p a b i l a d i p e r l u k a n j u m l a h t u l a n g a n y a n g b e s a r d a n
p e n d e t a i l a n t e r b e n t u r p a d a p e r s y a r a t a n j a r a k b e r s i h a n t a r
t u l a n g a n , m a k a d a p a t d l l a k u k a n p e n g g a b u n g a n b e b e r a p a
t u l a n g a n m e n j a d i s a t u . P a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n y a n g d l p f e r l u k a n
u n t u k g a b u n g a n t u l a n g a n d i d a p a t d e n g a n m e n g a l i k a n p a n j a n g
p e n y a l u r a n u n t u k s a t u b a t a n g t u n g g a l d e n g a n f a k t o r y a n g
t . e r g a n t u n g p a d a j u m l a h t u l a n g a n y a n g d i g a b u n g k a n d a l a m
sa-tu b e r k a s ( S K S N I 3 . 5 . 4 ) .
F a k t or J u m l a h t u l a n g a n d a l a m s a t u b e r k a s
1 , 2 3 b a t a n g
1, 33 4 b a t a n g
V - 5 - P e n y a l u r a n K a i t S t a n d a r d a l a m T a r i k .
A p a b i l a p a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n y a n g d i l a k u k a n s e c a r a /
l u r u s t i d a k m e m u n g k i n k a n k a r e n a t e r b a t a s n y a t e m p a t y a n g
t e r s e d l a , m a k a d a p a t d l g u n a k a n k a i t s t a n d a r t . K a i t t i d a k
d a p a t d i p a k a i u n t u k p e n y a l u r a n b a t a n g t e k a n .
S K S N I 3 . 5 . 5 m e n s y a r a t k a n p a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n d a s a r Ihb
u n t u k t u l a n g a n y a n g b e r a k h i r d e n g a n k a i t s t a n d a r ;
Ut . = 1 0 0 . d „ / / f o ’ S K S N I 3 . 5 . 5 - 2
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P o t o n g a n k r i t u d i m a n a k a p a s it a s w r i W d a r i t u ta n g . a n a d a la h t e r j e d ia
I .
I 2,
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unluV 13-10 ie D-25 ufituK 0-29 3.D-3G untuls. 0-4^ i P - %
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G a m b a r 5.2. P a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n ld»> u n t u k b a t a n g k a i t .
P a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n y a n g d i p e r l u k a n d i a m b i l d a r i n i l a i
p a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n d a s a r d e n g a n f a k t o r - f a k t o r d i b a w a h .
P a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n d i u k u r d a r i l o k a s i p e n a m p a n g
k r i t i s k e s i s i l u a r e k s t r i m d a r i k a i t .
467
F a k t o r p e n ^ a l i a n l i i k p i n j a n ; p e n y a l o r a n k a i l s t a n d a r t ( S K S K I 3 . S . 5 - 3 )
Faklof Keadaio
t,/400 Kaat leleb balm; liilan;an selain f, = 400 llPa
0,1 Selliit b e t o R nnlak batanj 0-3S ataa ;an; lebih kecll > (0 ii
igtuk kait standart 90° den^an pelindani beton pada perpanjanjan kait > 50 ii
0.8
Uattk batan; D-3S atat ;ang lebib kecil den;an kait yan; secara vertlkal atai horisontal lercakap didalaa sengkanj, yanj dipasang sepanjanj panjanj penyaluran Idk dengai) spasJ sengkan; tldak lelebibi 3.dk , diaana d» = diaieter batang kait
As perlu
As ada
Jika penjangkaran ataa penjahran untuk t, tidak kbusus diperUkan, talangan yang dipikat lebib dari keperlaan berdasarkan anilisa
1,33 Beton aggregat ringan
P a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n u n t u k k a i t s t a n d a r t ;
1 d ii 5 S . d t.
> 1 5 0 m m S K S N I 3 . 5 . 5 - 1
P a d a u j u n g y a n g t i d a k m e n e r u s ( m i s a l u j u n g
k a n t i l e v e r ) d e n g a n t e b a l s e l i m u t b e t o n s a m p i n g , a t a s a t a u
b a w a h t e r h a d a p k a i t k u r a n g d a r i 60 m m j i k a d i g u n a k a n k ait
s t a n d a r t , m a k a h a r u s d i l i n g k u p d e n g a n s e n g k a n g s e p a n j a n g
p a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n l a u d e n g a n s p a s i t i d a k l e b i h d a r i
3 .di3 . U n t u k k o n d i s i ini f a k t o r 0 , 8 p a d a t a b e l d i a t a s t i d a k boleli d i g u n a k a n .
V . G . P e n y a l u r a n T u l a n g a n L e n t u r .
P a d a t u l a n g a n l e n t u r , t u l a n g a n y a n g a k a n d i p u t u s
h a r u s d i t e r u s k a n s e j a r a k d a t a u 1 2 .d u d a r i t i t i k
p e r p o t o n g a n b i d a n g m o m e n t e r f a k t o r d e n g a n k a p a s i t a s m o m e n
t u l a n g a n y a n g a k a n d i p u t u s ( t i t i k p e m u t u s a n t e o r i t i s ) .
Hal jni b e r t u j u a n u n t o k m e m b e r i k a n k c a m a n a n t e r h a d a p
k e m u n g k i n a n b e r u b a h n y a b i d a n g m o m e n l e r f a k t o r k a r e n a r'' p e m b e b a n a n y a n g t i d a k b i a s a . S K S N I 3 . 5 . 1 0 - 3
S e l a i n i t u j u g a h a r u s d i s e d i a k a n p a n j a n g p e n a n a m a n
y a n g t i d a k k u r a n g d a r i p a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n Id y a n g
m e l a m p a u i t i t i k d i m a n a b e n g k o k a n a t a u t u l a n g a n t a r i k y a n g
d i h e n t i k a n s u d a h t i d a k d i p e r l u k a n lag i u n t u k m e n a h a n
l e n t u r s e h i n g g a t e r s e d i a k a p a s i t a s y a n g p e n u h • d a r i
t u l a n g a n l o n g i t u d i n a l u n t u k m e n g e m b a n g k a n k e k u a t a n
l e l e h n y a .
P a d a d a e r a h t a r i k , t u l a n g a n l e n t u r t i d a k b o l e h
d i p u t u s , k e c u a l i s a l a h s a t u d a r i k e t e n t u a n d i b a w a h
d i p e n u h i : S K S N I 3 . 5 . 1 0 - 5
1 . Vu/(t> < 2/3, (Vc + Vs )
2. D i s e d i a k a n l u a s s e n g k a n g t a m b a h a n s e l a i n s e n g k a n g
t o r s i d a n s e n g k a n g g e s e r p a d a s e t i a p p e n g h e n t i a n
b a t a n g t u l a n g a n , d i s e p a n j a n g 3 / 4 . t i n g g i e f f e k t i f
k o m p o n e n s t r u k t u r d i u k u r d a r i t i t i k p e n g h e n t i a n
3. U n t u k b a t a n g D - 3 6 a t a u y a n g l e b i h k e c i l , t u l a n g a n
y a n g m e n e r u s m e m p u n y a i l u a s 2 k a l i d a r i l u a s
t u l a n g a n l e n t u r y a n g d i p e r l u k a n p a d a t i t i k p e n g
h e n t i a n t u l a n g a n d a n g e s e r n y a t i d a k m e l a m p a u i 3 / 4
d a r i g e s e r y a n g d i i j i n k a n .
V . 6 . 1 . P e n y a l u r a n T u l a n g a n p a d a D a e r a h M o m e n N e g a t l f .
P e m u t u s a n t u l a n g a n p a d a d a e r a h m o m e n n e g a t i f d a p a t
d l j e l a s k a n d e n g a n g a m b a r 5.3.
4 6H
4 tulangan 2 tulangan, R7 T ulangan R7-
1 Tulangan
Irisan 1-1
T itik C h arus m em en uh i 5KSN 1 3-S.iO 3
Jarak h orlsontal CF > 0 (yaitu, jarak h orisontal CS A C (*1 2 .1 0 .4
iagram kapasitas monnen,
/ ^ --- p - Jarak h orisontal
^ u n t u k R 1 h orisontal A C > L^). lebih disukai M u k a tum puan
G a m b a r 5.3 . P e m u t u s a n t u l a n g a n p a d a d a e r a h m o m e n n e g a t i f .
T i t i k A a d a l a h t i t i k m o m e n t e r f a k t o r m a k s i m u m M u
p a d a m u k a t u m p u a n . M o m e n t e r f a k t o r y a n g l e b i h t i n g g i
( g a r i s p u t u s - p u t u s ) d i d a l a m t u m p u a n d i t a h a n o l e h
p e n a m p a n g y a n g l e b i h b e s a r j i k a d i b a n d i n g k a n d e n g a n p a d a
s i s i t u m p u a n , s e h i n g g a m o m e n . t e r f a k t o r m a k s i m u m p a d a
t i t i k A d i p a n d a n g s e b a g a i h a r g a t e r b e s a r y a n g h a r u s
d i s e d i a k a n p e n u l a n g a n n y a . K a p a s i t a s m o m e n <j>. Mn y a n g
d i k e r a h k a n o l e h t u l a n g a n R i d a n R a s e d i k i t l e b i h b e s a r
d a r1 y a n g d i p e r l u k a n (1uas t u l a n g a n y a n g a d a b i a s a n y a
d i a m b i l l e b i h b e s a r d a r i y a n g d i p e r l u k a n b e r d a s a r k a n
a n a 1 i s a ) .
J i k a 2 t u l a n g a n Rx a k a n d i p u t u s m a k a s e c a r a t e o r i t i s ,
t i t i k p e m u t u s a n t e r l e t a k p a d a t i t i k B d i m a n a h a r g a
k a p a s i t a s m o m e n <l). Mn d a r i t u l a n g a n s i s a y a n g a d a (R^)
s a m a d e n g a n tnomen t e r f a k t o r M u y a n g t e r j a d l . A d a n y a
k e m u n g k l n a n p e r a l i h a n d a r i b l d a n g m o m e n k a r e n a p e m b e b a n a n
y a n g t i d a k b i a s a m e n y e b a b k a n a d a n y a p e r s y a r a t a n p e r a l i h a n
h o r i s o n t a l d a r i t i t i k p e m u t u s a n t e o r i t i s p a l i n g t i d a k
s e b e s a r t i n g g i e f f e k t i f b a l o k d a t a u 1 2 .d ^ ( d i a m b i l y a n g
t e r b e s a r ) . P a d a t i t i k y a n g j a r a k n y a p a l i n g s e d i k i t d a t a u
1 2 .dta i n i l a h t u l a n g a n y a n g d i r e n c a n a k a n d i a k h i r i d a p a t
d i p u t u s ( d a l a m g a m b a r d i a t a s a d a l a h t i t i k C). A g a r
t u l a n g a n Rx d a p a t m e n g e m b a n g k a n k e k u a t a n leleiinya m a k a
p a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n y a n g d i s e d l a k a n h a r u s l e b i h b e s a r a t a u
s a m a d e n g a n la ( j a r a k a n t a r a t i t i k A d i m a n a k a p a s i t a s
m o m e n t u l a n g a n R x d a n R a d i s e d i a k a n u n t u k m o m e n t e r f a k t o r
M u t e r h a d a p t i t i k C d i m a n a d i l a k u k a n p e m u t u s a n t u l a n g a n
R i ) . A p a b i l a j a r a k a n t a r a t i t i k A ke t i t i k C lebiii k e c i l
d a r i Id, t i t i k C h a r u s d i g e s e r s e h i n g g a d i d a p a t j a r a k A - C
p a l i n g s e d i k i t s a m a d e n g a n Id ( u n t u k m e n j a m i n t e r c a p a i n y a
k a p a s i t a s l e l e h t u l a n g a n R i ) . K o n s e k w e n s i d a r i p e n g e s e r a n
ini t i t i k p e m u t u s a n d i l a k u k a n l e b i h d a r i n i l a i d a t a u
1 2 .d^.
T i t i k E d i t e t a p k a n d e n g a n p e n e r u s a n m e l e w a t i t i t i k
b a l i k t i d a k k u r a n g d a r i t i n g g i e f f e k t i f b a l o k , 1 2 .dt, a t a u
1 / 1 6 b e n t a n g b e r s i h ( d i a m b i l n i l a i t e r b e s a r ) . T i t i k F /
h a r u s a d a p a l i n g s e d i k i t s a m a d e n g a n t i t i k C ( u n t u k
m e n j a m i n j a r a k p e n g a l i h a n h o r i s o n t a l s e b e s a r d a l a u
1 2 .d^)
471
K e a d a a n y a n g k h u s u s t e r j a d i a p a b i l a J a r a k C d a n E
k u r a n g d a r i p a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n la u n t u k tulangaii Ra,
s e p e r t i g a m b a r d l b a w a h ini.
G a m b a r 5.4. K e a d a a n k h u s u s d a r i g a m b a r 5.3, d i m a n a
j a r a k C - E k u r a n g d a r i Id u n t u k t u l a n g a n R a .
K a r e n a l i t i k F d i m a n a k a p a s i t a s m o m e n (j>.Mn t u l a n g a n
R e h a r u s d i s e d i a k a n b e r j a r a k k u r a n g d a r i d a t a u 1 2 .dt.
t e r h a d a p m o m e n t e r f a k t o r Mu, m a k a h a r u s d i l a k u k a n
p e n a m b a h a n p a n j a n g p e n g a l i h a n h o r i s o n t a l t u l a n g a n Rx
s e h i n g g a d i d a p a t g a r is D - C . P e r p o t o n g a n s e c a r a v e r t i k a l
a n t a r a t i t i k C d e n g a n d i a g r a m k a p a s i t a s m o m e n t u l a n g a n Ra
s e r t a t i t i k F d e n g a n d i a g r a m k a p a s i t a s m o m e n t u l a n g a n Ri
d i h u b u n g k a n s e c a r a l i n i e r ( a s u m s i k a p a s i t a s p e n y a l u r a n
s e b a n d i n g d e n g a n p a n j a n g p e n a n a m a n s a m p a i p a n j a n g
ptHianaman m a k s i m u m l,j). T l t i k M h a r u s (li.jamin b e r j a r a k
p a l i n g s e d i k i t d a t a u 1 2 . d b d a r i t l t i k B ( t l t i k
p e r p o t o n g a n a n t a r a b i d a n g m o m e n t e r f a k t o r M u deiigan
d i a g r a m k a p a s i t a s m o m e n it>. M n s u m b a n g a n a n t a r a t u l a n g a n Rj.
d a n R s ) •
K a r e n a t i t l k C m a s i h b e r a d a d a l a m d a e r a h t a r i k ,
u n t u k m e n j a g a a g a r k o n s e n t r a s i t e g a n g a n m i n i m u m p a d a
t i t i k C, s a l a h s a t u p e r s y a r a t a n d a l a m S K S N I 3 . 5 . 1 0 - 5
har us d i p e n u h i :
1. G e s e r t e r f a k t o r V u p a d a t i t i k p e m u t u s a n t i d a k b o l e h
m e l a m p a u i 2 / 3 d a r i k e k u a t a n g e s e r «t>.Vn
Vu/<> < 2 / 3 ( V c + V s )
2. P a d a s e t l a p p e n g h e n t i a n t u l a n g a n , d i s e d l a k a n l u a s
s e n g k a n g t a m b a h a n d l s a m p i n g s e n g k a n g u n t u k g e s e r d a n
t o r s i s e p a n j a n g 3 / 4 d a r i t i n g g i e f f e k t i f k o m p o n e n
s t r u k t u r d i u k u r d a r i t i t i k p e m u t u s a n t u l a n g a n t e r s e -
b u t • L u a s s e n g k a n g t a m b a h a n A v t i d a k b o l e h k u r a n g d a r i
0 , 4 . b ^ . S / f y . L u a s s e n g k a n g t a m b a h a n ini s e k a l i g u s
d i g a b u n g k a n d e n g a n s e n g k a n g g e s e r d a n t o r s i y a n g
d i p e r l u k a n p a d a d a e r a h t e r s e b u t . S p a s i S t i d a k b o l e h
l e b i h d a r i d / ( S . G d ) , d i m a n a Bd a d a l a h r a s i o d a r i l u a s
t u l a n g a n y a n g d i p u t u s k a n t e r h a d a p l u a s t u l a n g a n t o t a l
p a d a p e n a m p a n g t e r s e b u t .
3. U n t u k t u l a n g a n D - 3 6 a t a u y a n g l e b i h k e c l l , t u l a n g a n
y a n g m e n e r u s m e m b e r i k a n l u a s 2 k a l i d a r i l u a s t u l a n g a n
l e n t u r y a n g d i p e r l u k a n p a d a t i t i k p e n g h e n t i a n t u l a n g a n
47 3
d a n g e s e r y a n g t e r j a d i t i d a k l e b i h d a r i 3 / 4 g e s e r
y a n g d i 1 j i n k a n .
A p a b i l a p e r s y a r a t a n d i a t a s t i d a k i n g i n d l t i n j a u m a k a
t i t l k p e m u t u s a n d a p a t d i p e r p a n j a n g s a m p a i k e d a l a m d a e r a h
t e k a n a t a u t u l a n g a n d a p a t d i b e n g k o k k a n m e n y i l a n g k e d a l a m
s i s i y a n g b e r l a w a n a n d a r i b a l o k d a n k e m u d i a n d i t e r u s k a n
a t a u d1 p u t u s .
V . 6 . 2 . P e n y a l u r a n T u l a n g a n p a d a D a e r a h M o m e n P o s i t if.
P e m u t u s a n t u l a n g a n p a d a d a e r a h m o m e n p o s i t i f d a p a t
d i j e l a s k a n d e n g a n g a m b a r 5.5.
S
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d ip oton g di sini 2 ^ Tulangan. f l 3 -
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Jarak h orisontal / f H > 0 lyaitu.jarak horisontal .//y
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d atau \2dj)
I > D iagram m om en kapasitas.
^ T it ik H i
lilHltTr -
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Kapasitas m om en 4>M„. Tulangan /?4
juga harus m em enuhi nil 3
G a m b a r 5 . 5 . P e m u t u s a n t u l a n g a n p a d a d a e r a h m o m e n p o s i t i f .
J i k a 2 t u l a n g a n R4 a k a n d i p u t u s , p e r t a m a - t a m a
d i t e n t u k a n t i t i k H s e j a r a k d a t a u 1 2 . d u d a r i t i t i k
p e m u t u s a n t e o r i t i s ( t i t i k p a d a b i d a n g m o m e n t e r f a k t o r ,
y a n g h a r g a n y a sauia (lcii(;ari k a [>a s i 1 ;j s muinfii (j^. Mn dar i
tulangaii Ra, dalatn hal i ti i t. i t i k G) . T l l i k I tiimana
i u l a n g a n R a h a r u s m e n g e m b a n g k a n kt;kuatan l e l e h n y a
b e r j a r a k p a l i n g s e d i k l t Ki d a r i t i t i k II.
T i t i k J d i t e m p a t k a n p a d a u j u n g d a r i u j u n g t u l a n g a n R4
d a n t i t i k K b e r j a r a k s e b e s a r la. Afjabila s t r u k t u r
m e r u p a k a n b a g i a n dari s i s t i m p e n a h a n g a y a l a t e r a l u t a m a
m a k a t u l a n g a n R * h a r u s d i a n g k e r k a n k e d a l a m t u m p u a n a g a r
d a p a t m e n g e m b a n g k a n k u a t l e l o h t a r i k p a d a b i d a n g m u k a
t u m p u a n ( S K S N I 3 . 5 . 1 1 - 2 ) P a d a b a l o k t u l a n g a n R/i h a r u s
m e n e r u s k e d a l a m t u m p u a n p a l i n g s e d i k i t 1 5 0 m m d a n p a l i n g
s e d i k i t 1 / 3 ( u n t u k k o m p o n e n s t r u k t u r s e d e r h a n a ) s e r t a 1 / 4
( u n t u k k o m p o n e n s t r u k t u r m e n e r u s ) d a r i t u l a n g a n m o m e n
p o s i t i f h a r u s d i t e r u s k a n s e p a n j a n g m u k a y a n g s a m a d a r i
k o m p o n e n s t r u k t u r ( S K S N I 3 . 5 . 1 1 - 1 )
H a l y a n g k h u s u s t e r j a d i a p a b i l a j a r a k J d a n H l e b i h
k e c i l d a r i p a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n l<a u n t u k t u l a n g a n R^,
d i p e r 1 i h a t k a n p a d a g a m b a r 5.6.
ITT;
G a m b a r 5.6. K e a d a a n k h u s u s d a r i g a m b a r 5.5, d i m a n a
j a r a k J ~ H k u r a n g d a r i la u n t u k t u l a n g a n R ^ .
K a r e n a t i t l k K d i m a n a k a p a s i t a s m o m e n <>.Mn t u l a n g a n
R4 h a r u s d l s e d i a k a n b e r j a r a k k u r a n g d a r i d a t a u 1 2 .dt.
t e r h a d a p m o m e n t e r f a k t o r Mu, m a k a h a r u s d i l a k u k a n p e n a m -
b a h a n p a n j a n g p e n g a l i h a n h o r i s o n t a l t u l a n g a n R3 s e h i n g g a
d i d a p a t g a r i s I-H. P e r p o t o n g a n s e c a r a v e r t i k a l a n t a r a
t i t i k H d e n g a n d i a g r a m k a p a s i t a s m o m e n t u l a n g a n R4 s e r t a
t i t i k K d e n g a n d i a g r a m k a p a s i t a s m o m e n t u l a n g a n R3
d i h u b u n g k a n s e c a r a l i n i e r ( a s u m s i k a p a s i t a s p e n y a l u r a n
s e b a n d i n g d e n g a n p a n j a n g p e n a n a m a n s a m p a i p a n j a n g p e -
n a n a m a n m a k s i m u m I d ) . T i t i k N h a r u s d i j a m i n b e r j a r a k
p a l i n g s e d i k i t d a t a u 1 2 . dt, d a r i t i t i k E ( t i t i k
p e r p o t o n g a n a n t a r a b i d a n g m o m e n t e r f a k l o r M u dc-ngan
d i a g r a m k a p a s l t a s m o m e n <1>. Mn s u m b a n g a n a n t a r a t u l a n g a n R3
d a n R4 )
P a d a t i t i k H j u g a h a r u s m e m e n u h l s a l a h s a t u
p e r s y a r a t a n S K S N I 3 . 5 . 1 0 - 5 ( u n t u k m e n j a g a a g a r
k o n s e n t r a s i t e g a n g a n m i n i m u m ) .
V . 7 . P e n y a l u r a n T u l a n g a n p a d a T u m p u a n S e d e r b a n a d a n T i t i k
B a l i k .
K o n s e p p e r s y a r a t a n p e n y a l u r a n t u l a n g a n p a d a k e d u a
s i s i s u a t u p e n a m p a n g d i m a n a t u l a n g a n d i t e g a n g k a n s e p e n u h -
n y a j u g a d a p a t d i t e r a p k a n at as p e n e r u s a n d a r i t u l a n g a n
t a r i k m o m e n p o s i t i f d i l u a r g a r i s p u s a t d a r i t u m p u a n
s e d e r h a n a a t a u s u a t u t i t i k b a l i k .
V . 7 . 1 . P a n j a n g P e n y a l u r a n d a r i T u m p u a n S e d e r h a n a .
J i k a k i t a t i n j a u t i t i k A ( g a m b a r 5 . 7 ) p a d a b i d a n g
m o m e n t e r f a k t o r M u d i d e k a t t u m p u a n s e d e r h a n a , d i m a n a
m o m e n t e r f a k t o r M u s a m a d e n g a n k a p a s i t a s m o m e n <l>.Mn d a r i
t u l a n g a n y a n g d i t e r u s k a n k e d a l a m t u m p u a n . J a r a k d a r i
t i t i k A ke u j u n g t u l a n g a n p a l i n g t i d a k h a r u s s a m a d e n g a n
p a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n 1^.
477
Pakai 1,3 M„/V,j jika reakii m onyBbabkan tekan di tekitar tulangan Ibiasanya, pada tum puan sederhana)
G a m b a r 5.7 . P e n y a l u r a n t u l a n g a n p a d a t u m p u a n s e d e r h a n a .
P a n j a n g p e n a n a m a n y a n g t e r s e d i a = + M n / V u > l<j
S K S N I 3 . 5 . 1 1 - 3 d i m a n a :
M n = k u a t m o m e n n o m i n a l p a d a p e n a m p a n g
V u = g a y a g e s e r t e r f a k t o r p a d a p e n a m p a n g
1« = p a n j a n g p e n a n a m a n l u r u s l e w a t g a r i s p u s a t t u m
p u a n k e u j u n g t u l a n g a n
A p a b i l a t u l a n g a n p a d a t u m p u a n d i b e r i k a i t s t a n d a r t ,
m a k a s e c a r a o t o m a t i s p e r s a m a a n d i a t a s a k a n t e r p e n u h i
J a r a k x a n t a r a A d a n g a r i s p u s a t t u m p u a n s e c a r a
p e n d e k a t a n s a m a d e n g a n ;
X = M n / V u
Oleli k a r e n a l u a s d a r i b a g i a n y a n g d i a r s i r d a r i
d i a g r a m g e s e r s a m a d e n g a n p e r u b a h a n d a l a m m o m e n a n t a r a
p u s a I l u m p u a n d a n t l t i k A, sc;hingga o r d i n a l d a r i d i a g r a m
m o m e n t e r f a k t o r p a d a t i t i k A:
V r a t a - r a t a ( m l s a l 0 , 9 . V u ) . x = <{>.Mn
d e n g a n m e m b a n d i n g k a n k e d u a p e r s a m a a n d i a t a s d a p a t d i l i h a t
b a h w a r u m u s d a l a m S K S N I 3 . 5 . 1 1 - 3 s a m a d e n g a n p e r s a m a a n ;
1. + X > 1^
P a d a t u l a n g a n y a n g m e n e r u s k e d a l a m t u m p u a n s e d e r h a n a
liarga x d a p a t d i k a l i k a n d e n g a n f a k t o r 1 , 3 k a r e n a
p e r t i m b a n g a n j i k a u j u n g t u l a n g a n d i l i n g k u p o l e h s u a t u
r e a k s i t e k a n a k a n m e m i l i k i k e c e n d e r u n g a n k u r a n g n y a t e r j a -
di p e m b e l a h a n .
V . 7 . 2 . i P a n J a n g P e n y a l u r a n p a d a T i t i k B a l i k .
T i t i k b a l i k a d a l a h t i t i k d l m a n a n i l a i m o m e n s a m a
d e n g a n n o l d a n l e t a k n y a d i l u a r t u m p u a n s e h l n g g a t u l a n g a n
p a d a d a e r a h ini t i d a k d i k u r u n g o l e h r e a k s i t e k a n k a r e n a
I t u f a k t o r 1 , 3 t i d a k d l g u n a k a n .
47 9
U n tu k perhitungnn, L, tidnk boleli diam bil lebih besar dan .iinii d
---- / “
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G a m b a r 5.8 . P e n y a l u r a n t u l a n g a n p a d a t i t i k b a l i k .
P a n j a n g p e n a n a m a n = + M n / V u > l a
d i m a n a :
la = j a r a k d a r i g a r i s p u s at l u m p u a n k e t i t i k b a l i k
t e t a p i t i d a k b o l e h l e b i h d a r i n i l a i t e r b e s a r a n t a r a d
at a u 1 2 . du
P e m b a t a s a n n i l a i 1« d i p a k a i k a r e n a l i d a k a d a n y a b u k t i
p e r c o b a a n u n t u k m e n u n j u k k a n b a h w a p a n j a n g p e n g a n g k e r a n
y a n g b e s a r a k a n e f f e k l i f s e p e n u h n y a u n l u k m e n y a l u r k a n
t u l a n g a n d a l a m j a r a k y a n g pi^ndek a n t a r a l i l i k b a l i k d a n
s u a t u t i t i k d e n g an t e g a n g a n maksirnuia.
V . 8 . P e n y a l u r a n T u l a n g a n Ge.ser .
T u l a n g a n g o s e r a t a u b i a s a n y a distbi)l d e n g a n t u l a n g
a n b a d a n , a p a k a h d i g u n a k a n u n t u k g e s e r a l a u t o r s i h a r u s
d i a n g k e r k a n d e n g a n s e m e s t i n y a a g a r d l p e r o l e h p e n g e k a n g a n
y a n g s e m p u r n a p a d a t u l a n g a n m e m a n j a n g . A g a r dapa;t b e r -
f u n g s i s e b a g a i m a n a m e s t i n y a , t u l a n g a n g e s e r h a r u s d i l e -
t a k k a n " s e d e k a t m u n g k i n ke s i s i t e k a n d a n t a r i k b a l o k
s e p a n j a n g m a s i h d l i j i n k a n o l e h p e r s y a r a t a n p e l i n d u n g
b e t o n " ( S K S N I 3 . 5 . 1 3 - 1 ) . S a n g a t p a n t i n g u n t u k m e m a s a n g
s e n g k a n g s e d e k a t m u n g k i n d e n g a n s i s i t e k a n o l e h k a r e n a
r e t a k t a r i k l e n t u r d a p a t m e r a m b a t j a u h k e d a l a m d a e r a h
t e k a n k e t i k a t e r c a p a i k e k u a t a n n o m i n a l d a r i p e n a m p a n g .
S u p a y a s e n g k a n g t e t a p b e r p e r i l a k u s e p e r t i y a n g d i a s u m s i -
k a n ( d a p a t m e n i m b u l k a n t e g a n g a n s a m p a i l e l e h ) , m a k a
p e n j a n g k a r a n s e n g k a n g h a r u s d i p e r h a t i k a n d e n g a n b a i k .
P e n g g u n a a n s e n g k a n g t e r t u t u p a d a l a h c a r a y a n g t e r b a i k
u n t u k m e n g a t a s i k e g a g a l a n ini.
S e n g k a n g t e r t u t u p h a r u s m e m p u n y a i p a n j a n g k a i t
s t a n d a r t y a n g p a n j a n g n y a t e r g a n t u n g d a r i d i a m e t e r
s e n g k a n g ( S K S N I 3 . 1 6 . 1 - 3 )
- b a t a n g D - 1 6 d a n y a n g l e b i h k e c i l , b e n g k o k a n 90*^ d i t a m -
b a h b a g i a n y a n g l u r u s 6 ,dt, p a d a u j u n g b a t a n g b e b a s .
- b a t a n g D - 1 9 d a n D-25, b e n g k o k a n 9 0 ’’ d i t a m b a h b a g i a n
y a n g l u r u s s e p a n j a n g 1 2 .dt, p a d a u j u n g b e b a s .
- b a t a n g D - 2 5 a t a u y a n g l e b i h k e c i l , b e n g k o k a n ISS'’
d i t a m b a h b a g i a n y a n g l u r u s s e p a n j a n g G.dt, p a d a u j u n g
b a t a n g b e b a s .
4S1
T'--
»
(a) Kait 90® lb> Kalt 9 0 " Ic) K a it 1 3 S “
iw n t u k tu la n g a n D-16 ( u n t u k tulanpanD^19 (u n tu k tulangan p - l3 dan lebih kecill
G a m b a r 5.9. K a i t s t a n d a r l u n t u k s e n g k a n g d a n p e n g i k a t .
V . 9 . S a m b u n g a n L e w a t a n .
T u l a n g a n y a n g a d a p a d a p a s a r a n s u d a h t e r t e n t u
p a n j a n g n y a s e d a n g k a n k e p e r l u a n p a n j a n g t u l a n g a n d a l a m
s t r u k t u r s a n g a t b e r v a r i a s i . S e r l n g k a l i p a n j a n g y a n g
d l p e r l u k a n l e b i h b e s a r d a r l y a n g a d a d i p a s a r a n a t a u p u n
k a r e n a a l a s a n e k o n o m l s d l g u n a k a n t u l a n g a n y a n g p a n j a n g n y a
k u r a n g d a r i k e p e r l u a n . Hal ini m e n y e b a b k a n p e r l u n y a a d a
p e r e n c a n a a n t e r h a d a p p a n j a n g s a m b u n g a n l e w a t a n .
V . 9 . 1 . S a m b u n g a n L e w a t a n p a d a B a t a n g T a r i k .
S a m b u n g a n l e w a t a n p a d a u m u m n y a h a r u s d i t e m p a t k a n
j a u h d a r i t i t i k y a n g m e m p u n y a i t e g a n g a n t a r i k m a k s i m u m ,
j u g a liarus d i t e m p a t k a n s e c a r a s e l a n g - s e l i n g s e p a n j a n g
b a t a n g t u l a n g a n , d a l a m a r t i s e m u a t u l a n g a n t a r i k t i d a k
b o l e h d i s a m b u n g s e c a r a s e r e n t a k p a d a s u a t u t e m p a t .
B a l o k y a n g d i s a m b u n g l e w a t a n . iiarus m e m i l i k i
d a k t i l i t a s y a n g s a m a d e n g a n b a l o k t a n p a s a m b u n g a n
l e w a t a n . P e r s y a r a t a n d a l a m S K S N I d i m a k s u d k a n u n t u k
m e n g h i n d a r i k e r u n t u i i a n s a m b u n g a n p a d a w a k t u k e k u a t a n
n o m i n a l d a l a m l e n t u r d l c a p a i p a d a l o k a s l s a m b u n g a n
l e w a t a h . P e r s y a r a t a n J a r a k b e r s i h m i n i m u m d a r i s a m b u n g a n
l e w a t a n d e n g a n k o n t a k ( S K S N I 3 . 1 6 . 6 - 4 ) a d a l a h u n t u k
m e n j a m l n J u m l a h b e t o n y a n g c u k u p d a l a m p e n g e m b a n g a n d,ari
k a p a s i t a s p e n u h p e n g a n g k e r a n . A k a n t e t a p l p a d a s a m b u n g a n
l e w a t a n t a n p a k o n t a k , t u l a n g a n l o n g i t u d i n a l t i d a k b o l e h
d i t e m p a t k a n d e n g a n J a r a k a n t a r a y a n g k u r a n g d a r i 1 / 5
p a n j a n g s a m b u n g a n l e w a t a n y a n g d i p e r l u k a n a t a u 1 5 0 m m
( S K S N I 3 . 5 . 1 4 - 2 . 3 ) .
J a r a k s a m b u n g a n l e w a t a n h a r u s s a m a a t a u l e b i h b e s a r
d a r i p a n j a n g p e n y a l u r ^ a n l^i k a r e n a k o n s e n t r a s i t e g a n g a n
d i d e k a t u j u n g s a m b u n g a n l e w a t a n c e n d e r u n g a k a n m e n i m b u l -
k a n p e m b e l a h a n y a n g t e r l a l u c e p a t s a a t p e m b e b a n a n . S a m
b u n g a n l e w a t a n t a r i k k e l a s A, B, C d i b a g i s e b a g a i p e n y a m -
b u n g a n y a n g m e m p u n y a i J a r a k l e w a t a n s e b e s a r m a s i n g - m a s i n g
Id ( u n t u k k e l a s A), 1 , 3 . Id ( u n t u k k e l a s B) d a n 1 , 7 . Id
( u n t u k k e l a s C) t e t a p i t i d a k k u r a n g d a r i 3 0 0 mm.
S a m b u n g a n l e w a t a n t a r i k d i b a g i b e r d a s a r k a n p e r s e n -
t a s e d a r i t u l a n g a n y a n g d i s a m b u n g t e r h a d a p t o t a l J u m l a h
t u l a n g a n p a d a j a r a k p e n y a m b u n g a n s e r t a t i n g k a t t e g a n g a n
di d a l a m t u l a n g a n t a n p a s a m b u n g a n p a d a t e m p a t s a m b u n g a n .
483
P e m b a g l a n J e n l s k e l a s d a p a t d l l l h a t p a d a l a b e l d i b a w a h ;
( S K S N I 3 . 5 . 1 5 - 2 )
As a d a
As p e r l u
P e r s e n t a s e m a k s i m u m d a r i As y a n g d i s a m b u n g l e w a t a n d i d a l a m p a n j a n g l e w a t a n p e r l u
50 75 100
> 2 K e l a s A K e l a s A K e l a s B
< 2 K e l a s B K e l a s C K e l a s C
V . 9 . 2 . S a m b u n g a n L e w a t a n p a d a B a t a n g T e k a n .
P a d a b a t a n g tiilangan y a n g m e n g a l a m i t e k a n , p a n j a n g
s a m b u n g a n l e w a t a n s a m a d e n g a n p a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n b a t a n g
t e k a n ( S K S N I 3 . 5 . 3 ) t e t a p i t l d a k k u r a n g d a r i 0 , 0 7 . f y . d b
a t a u p u n ( 0 , 1 3 . f y - 24).dt> u n t u k t u l a n g a n y a n g m e m i l i k i
m u t u fy > 4 0 0 M P a . N i l a i y a n g d i d a p a t t l d a k b o l e h l e b i h
k e c i l d a r i 3 0 0 m m ( S K S N I 3 . 5 . 1 6 - 1 ) . U n t u k m u t u b e t o n £«'
y a n g k u r a n g d a r i 2 0 M P a , p a n j a n g s a m b u n g a n l e w a t a n .harus
d i t a m b a h s e p e r t i g a n y a .
P a d a b a t a n g t e k a n ( m i s a l n y a k o l o m ) , b i a s a n y a d i g u -
n a k a n d i a m e t e r t u l a n g a n y a n g b e r b e d a a n t a r t i n g k a t . H a l
ini m e n y e b a b k a n a d a n y a s a m b u n g a n l e w a t a n p a d a t e m p a t -
t e m p a t p e n g g a n t i a n u k u r a n t u l a n g a n . S K S N I 3 . 5 . 1 6 - 2
m e n s y a r a t k a n p a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n y a n g d i b u t u h k a n u n t u k
p e n y a m b u n g a n t u l a n g a n y a n g b e r u k u r a n l a i n d i a m b i l d a r i
n l l a i t e r b e s a r a n t a r a p a n j a n g p e n y a l u r a n untuk- k e d u a
J e n i s t u l a n g a n t e r s e b u t .
A p n b l l a k o m p o n o n s t r u k t u r t e k a n m e n g g u n a k a n s e n g -
484
k a n g y a n g m e m p u n y a i l u a s e f f o k l l f > 0 , 0 0 1 5 . h « p a d a s e p a n -
j a n g s a m b u n g a n l e w a t a n , inaka s a m b u n g a n luv/alan boleli
d i k a l l k a n d e n g a n 0 , 8 3 tapi p a n j a n g l e w a l a n n y a l i d a k b o l c h
k u r a n g d a r i 3 0 0 mm. Kaki s e n g k a n g y a n g t e g a k l u r u s t e r h a -
d a p d i m o n s i h h a r u s d i g u n a k a n dalara m e n e n l u k a n l u a s
e f f e k t i f t e r s e b u t ( S K S N I 3 . 5 . 1 6 - 3 ) d a n J i k a d i g u n a k a n
l i l i l a n s p i r a l , p a n j a n g s a m b u n g a n l e w a t a n b o l c h d i k a l i k a n
d c n g a n 0 , 7 5 t e t a p l p a n j a n g s a m b u n g a n l e w a t a n n y a t l d a k
b o l e h k u r a n g d arl 3 0 0 mm.
V . I O . K e t e n t u a n L a i n .
S e l a l n d a r l k o l e n l u a n d l a l a s S K S N I j u g a m e n g a l u r
p e r s y a r a t a n l a i n d l d a l a m p e n d e t a l l a n , d i a n t a r a n y a :
1. S p a s l a n l a r t u l a n g a n ( S K S N I 3 . 1 6 . 6 )
2. T e b a l p e l i n d u n g be ton ( S K S N I 3 . 1 6 . 7 )
V . 1 0 . 1 . S p a s i A n t a r T u l a n g a n .
.Spasi a n t a r t u l a n g a n m e m i l i k l s y a r a t m i n i m u m u n t u k
m e n j a m i n j u m l a h bet on y a n g c u k u p d a l a m p e n g e m b a n g a n
k a p a s i t a s p e n u h p e n g a n g k e r a n s a m p a i t e r j a d l n y a l e l e h p a d a
t u l a n g a n . S e l a i n i t u j u g a m e m p e r t i m b a n g k a n k e s u l l t a n p a d a
v/aktu p e n g e r j a a n p e n g e c u r a n , .
S p a s I t u l a n g a n d i h a l a s i d o n g a n k e t e n t u a n b e r i k u t :
“ j a r a k b e r s i h a n t a r t u l a n g a n s e j a j a r y a n g d i l e t a k k a n
p a d a s a t u l a p i s t l d a k bo]».*h k u r a n g d a r i di, a t a u 25 mm.
- J i k a t u l a n g a n d i l e t a k k a n l e b i h d a r i s a t u l a p i s , m a k a
t u l a n g a n p a d a l a p i s a n at as liar us d i l e t a k k a n t e p a t dl
4S5
