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The struggle of Elijah as The Prophet Shown in

Paulo Coelho’s

The Fifth Mountain.

By:

Roksidatul Amillia

A83212144

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

ADAB FACULTY

UIN SUNAN AMPEL SURABAYA

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ABSTRAK

Amillia, Roksidatul.2016. The struggle of Elijah as The Prophet Shown in Paulo Coelho’s The

Fifth Mountain. Thesis. English Department. Faculty of Letters and Humanities. States Islamic

University SunanAmpel Surabaya.

The Advisor: Sufi IkrimaSa’adah, M.Hum

This thesis is about the study of the struggle that is found in the fifth mountain novel by Paulo Coelho. This thesis focuses on Elijah as one of the characters in the novel. The purpose is to describe the character of Elijah. Elijah showed the struggle to achieve self-actualization and illustrates the impact of the struggle of Elijah through the story in the novel.

This study is a qualitative research. This research is a research library that collects books, journals and internet references that have a relationship with this analysis

This study uses a hierarchy of needs theory to analyse the struggle of Elijah. The results showed that Elijah is one of the main characters in the novel who has a strong character and obedient to god because he is able to face all the problems by following the prompts his god is heard through the voice of an angel. In his struggle, Elijah often gets a rejection of her presence in the community. But in the end, a struggle that he did give a positive outcome to the place he fought.

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INTISARI

Amillia, Roksidatul.2016. The struggle of Elijah as The Prophet Shown in Paulo Coelho’s The

Fifth Mountain. Skripsi. English Department. Faculty of Letters and Humanities. States Islamic

University SunanAmpel Surabaya.

Pembimbing: Sufi IkrimaSa’adah, M.Hum

Skripsi ini menceritakan tentang kajian perjuangan yang ditemukan dalam novel the fifth mountain karya Paulo Coelho. Skripsi ini focus pada Elijah sebagai salah satu karakter dalam novel tersebut. Tujuan adalah untuk menggambarkan karakter Elijah, menunjuk kanperjuangan Elijah untuk mencapai aktualisa sidiri dan menggambarkan dampak dari perjuangan Elijah melalui kisahnya dalam novel tersebut.

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan yaitu mengumpulkan buku-buku, jurnal dan referensi internet yang memiliki hubungan dengan analisisini.

Penelitian ini menggunakan teori hierarki kebutuhan untuk menganalisis perjuangan dari Elijah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Elijah merupakan salah satu tokoh utama dalam novel tersebut yang memiliki karakter yang kuat dan taat kepada tuhannya karena dia mampu menghadapi semua permasalahan dengan mengikuti perintah tuhannya yang didengar melalui suara malaikat. Dalam perjuangannya, Elijah sering mendapatkan penolakanakan kehadiran dirinya di masyarakat. Namun pada akhirnya, perjuangan yang dia lakukan memberikan hasil yang positif untuk tempat yang dia perjuangkan.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Inside Cover Page ... i

Inside TitlePage ... ii

Declaration Page ...iii

Motto ... iv

Dedication Page ... v

Thesis Advisor’s Approval Page ... vi

Thesis Examiner’s Approval Page ... vii

Acknowledgement...viii

TableofContents ... x

Abstract ...xiii

Intisari ... xiv

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study ... 1

1.2 Statement of Problems ... 5

1.3 Objective of the Study ... 5

1.4 Scope and limitation ... 6

1.5 Significance of the Study ... 6

1.6 Method of the Study ... 7

1.7 Definition of the Key Terms ... 8

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CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Theoretical Framework ... 10

2.1.1 New Criticism ... 10

2.1.2 Character ... 11

2.1.3 Characterization ... 13

2.1.4 Psychology ... 15

2.1.5 Hierarchy of need ... 16

a. The Physiological Need ... 17

b. The Safety Need ... 18

c. The Belonging Need ... 18

d. The Esteem Need ... 19

e. The Self-Actualization ... 19

2.2 Review of Related Study ... 21

CHAPTER III 3.1 Characterization of Elijah ... 22

3.2 Hierarchy of Need ... 32

3.2.1 The Physiological Need ... 32

3.2.2 The Safety Need ... 38

3.2.3 The Belonging Need ... 40

3.2.4 The Esteem Need ... 50

3.2.5 The Self-Actualization ... 52

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CHAPTER IV

4.1 Conclusion ... 59

WORK CITED ... 61

APPENDICES ... 62

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study

The twists and turn of life is always experienced by every human being. The

journey of the life is always never flat. Usually, human gets the happiness from Allah

or something that goodness in their thought to teach them about human gratitude to

the favor of God. In other case, human also gets disaster in their live to teach them

about the meaning of patient. The happiness and the disaster happen by each human

can improve human life itself or even better, namely improving the quality of their

life. In running life, human would require a struggle to get their success on their own.

Now days, the reflection of human twists and turn of life has been presented

in many different types, one of it is literature. Wellek and Warren gave statement that

literature is a creative activity, mainly on art (1). Once can also say that literature is

“an imaginative writing” in the sense of fiction. Perhaps, it is because there is an

argument that “Literature is the writing which is not literally true” (Knickerbocker

and Reninger 4)

Wellek and Warren also said that figures in literary work is author creations

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are not space and time of the real life. In relationship of this trend, literary works also

understood as creative work, a creation of the author ( in Faruk 43)

According to Knickerbocker and Reninger, the literary work is neither a

vehicle for idea a reflection of social reality nor the incarnation of some

transcendental truth. It is a material fact, whose functioning could be analyzed rather

as one could examine machine. It is composed of words, not of objects or feeling, and

it is a mistake to see it as the expression of an author’s mind. Therefore, it is concrete

that “language is the medium of literature (4)

In accordance to previous statement, Faruk explains that literature is

understood as a particular language that is different from the language in general.

Literature is often interpreted as a beautiful language, rhythmic language, which has a

certain sound patterns such as rhyme rhythm, assonance and alliteration, and so forth

( 41). Peter Childs also says that in presenttimes generallytaken to be imaginative

compositions,mainly printed but earlier (and still, insome cultures) was oral, whether

dramatic, metrical or prose in form (129).

The major genres of literature are poetry, drama and prose. Poetry is language

written with rhythm, figurative language, imagery, sound devices and emotionally

charged language. J.A. Cuddon says that is a comprehensive term which can be

taken to cover any kind of metrical composition. However, it is usually employed

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poetry are lyric poetry, narrative poetry, and concrete poetry. The next definition is

drama, it is the form of composition designed for performance in the theater,in which

actors take the roles of the characters, perform the indicated action,and utter the

written dialogue (Abraham 70).And then the last is prose, it is the ordinary form of

written language. The major genres that writer chose for this study is prose.

Perine states thatProse is usually associated to fiction. Fiction, in other case is

any work of literature that is includes material that is invented or imagined that is not

a record of things as the actually happened. It is “non-metrical language; the opposite

of verse (141)

Kennedy and Gioia report that two works have dominated modern literary

fiction in English: the novel and short story. Novel is a long fictional narrative

writing in prose. It usually has characters and series of event that are acknowledged

as plot. The plot, in the novel is known as strong and complex than of short story (4)

The novel is a work of fiction that works in the form of a story or stories that

depict figures and imaginary events. The meaning given by Yelland that fiction

means “the which is invented as distinguished from that roommate is true.” A novel

may contain prominent figures and real events, but the loading is usually only serves

as a mere condiment and they are included in a series of stories that are imaginary or

fictitious detail. Although the events and the characters are fictional, they have a

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There are some elements that build fiction, one of them is theme. Keeney puts

that theme of a story is the total meaning discovered by the writer in the process of

writing and by the reader in the process of reading (94). One of the famous themes

that uses in the novel is the struggle. It is as contained in the novel that written by

Paulo Coelho under the title The Fifth Mountain.Paulo Coelho is an author who came

from Brazil. He was born on 24 August 1947. He is one of the author with the work

of the most widely read in the word today. Paulo had received numerous international

awards for his work. The most famous novel has been translated into 67 languages in

the world. The author has sold 150 million copies of his books worldwide.

The Fifth Mountain tells the struggle of prophet to be killed by the queen for

struggled to convey messages to the public from his God. The name of the prophet is

Elijah. Also, the main character of the novel is Elijah. He moves to other place for

save himself. The queen of Israel is Angry to him because he has conveyed the

massage from the God that he has acceptance from the voice of Angel. God guides

him to Akbar city. He stays in widow’s home. He falls in love to widow. When his

love is real to widow, Akbar is getting war. Widow was died because the war. Akbar

is shattered. Elijah promises to build Akbar better than before. Elijah is struggle for

everything. His struggle brings him to his self actualization. He success on build

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Based on the explanation above, in this study, the writer wants to analyze the

intrinsic element of The Fifth Mountainnovel. It discusses the struggle of Elijah as the

main character in the novel by using new criticism and hierarchy of need. New

criticism is used for analyze about the characterization of the main character and the

effect of his struggle. Hierarchy of need is used for analyzed about the struggle of the

main character in the novel.

1.2 Statement of problem

1. How is characterization of Elijah in the novel?

2. How is the struggle of Elijah as the prophet shown in The Fifth

Mountainnovel?

3. What is the effect of Elijah struggle in the novel?

1.3 Objective of the study

Based on the statement of problem, this study has three objectives that can be

stated as follow:

1. To know the description of the appearance of the main character in the novel

and how the characteristic of the main character in the novel.

2. To find outthe struggle of Elijah as the prophet shown in The Fifth

Mountainnovel.

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1.4 Scope and limitation

To limit the discussion of widening, the thesis that use The Fifth Mountain

novel will be focused characterization of Elijah as the major character in the

novel, Elijah’s struggle as the prophet shown in the novel and the effect of

Elijah’s struggle in the novel. The writer use new criticism and hierarchy of

need to finish this thesis. New criticism is used for analyze about the

characterization of the main character and the effect of his struggle. Hierarchy

of need is used for analyzed about the struggle of the main character in the

novel.

1.5Significances of the study

This result of this study will be useful for the reader and especially those

who like Paulo’s novel, to get and understand the text better of his novel using

characterization, hierarchy of need.

The writer information and the knowledge about the mean of novel

and what it is, how to analyze it, it could had effect in the daily activities to

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1.6 Method of the Study

This research the researcher uses qualitative research. Hancock

explains that:qualitative research is concerned with developing explanations

about phenomena of social. its mean, it aims to help us to understand the

world in which we live and whythings are the way they are. Qualitative

research is concerned with finding the answers to questions which begin with:

how, why? what way? (Hancock 02)

This analysis applied new criticism for analysis the character and

conflict inThe Fifth Mountain’s novel. The writer uses the data from the

novel and some books for reference. Writer tries to read many book about

New Criticism theory and understand it, looking for more reference from

previous thesis and using internet for get more information which is support

this analysis. This research follows the following steps to collect and analyzes

the data:

1. Reading the novel to get complete data and an understanding

the whole story

2. Deciding what characterizations of Elijah inPaulo Coelho’s

The Fifth Mountain

3. Collecting all data related to the title and statement of the

problem

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1.7Definition of Key

In order to avoid misunderstanding and misinterpretation about the

basic concepts used in this research, the researcher would like to give

some definition of the key terms as follows:

Prophet : a person who is believed to have a

special power that allows them to say

what God wishes to tell people,

especially about things that will happen

in the future.

Struggle : to experience difficulty and make a

very great effort in order to do

something

Elijah : the name of prophet. In Islam, Elijah is

called Ilyas

Characterization : A way which authors usually use to

give clues or hints about the

characteristics of their fictional

beings.

Character : The persons presented in dramatics of

narrativework who are interpreted by

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moral and dispositional qualities

that are expressed in what they say and

what they do in action (Robert).

1.8 Organization of the Thesis

This study consists of four chapters. Chapter one is introduction which

deals with background of the study, statement of the problems, objectives of

the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study,

methodology, key to specific terms, andorganization of the thesis. In chapter

two, review of the related literaturewhichconsist, of the discussion on the

theory New Criticism including character,characterization, and hierarchy of

need by Abraham Maslow that include physical need, safety need,

love and belongingness needs, esteem needs, self actualization needs.

Chapterthree presents the analysis on the development of characterization of

Elijah, the struggle of Elijah uses hierarchy of need and effect of struggle

shows inPaulo Coelho’s The Fifth Mountain. Finally, conclusion is given in

chapter four. After thefinalchapter,the writer adds the bibilography and

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CHAPTER II

2.1 Theoretical Framework

The second chapter of this thesis is talking about the theory that the writer

used to analyze in the thesis. Several theories used by writer are new criticism and

theory of motivation by Abraham Maslow. These theories support the analysis of the

characterization of the main character and the struggle of the main character in the

Fifth Mountain by Paulo Coelho.

2.1.1 New Criticism

The New Criticism is an Anglo-American variety of Formalism that emerged

in the early decades of the twentieth century and dominated teaching and scholarship

until the early 1960s (Guide 122). Guide further explains that it agrees that the

literary work is Autonomous, that its unity and meaning are constituted primarily by

formal and rhetorical features, and that it is free from any burden of reflection on the

social world in which it is produced or from any connection to the author who

produces it (122). Tyson also explains the same thing that the most important

concepts of this theory are concerning the nature and importance of textual evidence

(135). Meanwhile Gillespie states that criticism involves the careful analysis of a

literary text craft. Ignoring any historical context, any biographical information about

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or moral messages, it also does not need think about the background of literary work

making (Gillespie 172). Tyson then explains that new criticism tries to examine the

formal element such as images, symbols, metaphors, rhyme, meter, point of view,

setting, characterization, plot and so forth to interpret the text (137).

2.1.2 Character

Character is an important element in narrative work or in story that can be

studied. Character often becomes the most important discuss than other elements

(Nurgiyantoro 164).According to Bennett, character is the life of literature. They are

the objects of our curiosity and fascination, affection and dislike, admiration and

criticism (60). Potter writes that character is basic element. It is described that

character is any person who figured out in a literary work, not particularly a peculiar

or eccentric one, sometimes a given character does not actually appear but is merely

talked about(1). Hence, when the term character is used not only to refer to a person

in a literary work but also what he is like. It generally refers to whole nature: his

personality, his attitude toward life, his spiritual qualities, his intelligence, even his

physical build, as well as his moral attributes (3).

There are some types of characters in fiction. Some of them are Significance

role in developing story there are major character and peripheral character,

appearance function character, static and dynamic character, based on reflection of

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Major character is an important figure at the center of the story. However, the

major character cannot stand by isolation. The major character needs other characters

to help the story more interest and attractive (Dinuriyyah 114). The other characters

that help major character is peripheral character. They are supporting character, they

just exist when have correlation with major character (nurgiyanti 177).

Appearance function character, there are protagonist and antagonist. If we

expect the writer to focus on a single major character, and his character is studied

more than any other characters, he is said to be the protagonist. In vise versa, the

antagonist character is the character whose personality is described as the antiheroic,

tend to hurt the protagonist. He is studied as bad person in the story (Miller 27).

Static or flat character, in Perrine’s (71), is the same sort of a person at the end

of the story as he was at the beginning. The developing character or dynamic

characters, undergoes a permanent change in some aspect of his character,

personality, or outlook. Dynamic characterization requires space and emphasize

toward character’s morality and psychology (Wellek and Warren 227).

Reflection character, there are typical character and neutral character. Typical

character is character that often appears in working in quality or nationally and

seldom appears whit showing personality condition. Neutral character is characters

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2.1.3 Characterization

Based on explanation above, the definition of character is any person who

figured out in a literary work, not particularly a peculiar or eccentric one, sometimes

a given character does not actually appear but is merely talked about. Whereas,

Holman state that the author reveals the characters of imaginary persons in fiction.

The creation of these imaginary persons that they exist for the reader as real within

the limits of fiction is called characterization (Holman 75). The reader will drift away

into the story as if he or she is the character that exists in the story, and also the reader

can feel what the character feels (Wigayanti 12). The writer gets the point that

character and characterization can’t be separated, but they are different each other.

Other state from James and Jefrey say the characterization can be depicted

through the use of name. Names are often to provide essential clues that aid in

characterization. Names can also contain literary or historical allusions that aid in

characterization by means of association. Then, characterization can be depicted

through appearance. Although, in real life most of us are aware that appearance are

often deceiving, in the world of fiction details of appearance (what a character wears

and how he looks) often provide essential clues to character. Characterization also

can be depicted through by the author. By so doing the author assert retains full

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character, but also tells us exactly what our attitude toward the character ought to be.

Nothing is left to the reader’s imagination.

Gill states in hisbook that character is generally known as a person in a

literary work besides characterization is the way in which a character is created (127).

In this case, character is only the figure person that created by the author and

characterization completed it with the physically description, attitude, and even how

they think and act in the text. So, to make the differences between character and

characterization is by calling the character as the product while characterization as the

method (127).

Abrams state there are two methods of characterization; showing and Telling

(33). Telling a character is when the author describes the character by its physical

appearance such as the dress, age, how the character looks like, while showing a

character is more complex than telling because the author try to show the character by

its way to behave and think. The author tries to get the reader‘s response to judge the

character‘s trait, it is good or bad, or maybe the character has other traits by showing

the character‘s way of behave and think in some condition (Gill 134). In showing,

Abrams state that the author simply presents the character’s talking and acting and

leaves the reader to infer the motives and dispositions that lie behind what they say

and do (33). It means that by using the method, the character’s traits are not telling by

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also reveal it through their inner thoughts, feelings and responsiveness to the events

(33).

2.1.4 Psychological

Psychology concerns with the aspect with the aspect of behavior. Psychology

has primary aims at giving the better understanding of human being. The field of

psychology is called personality. Personality is one attempt to draw together from all

the areas of psychology which is need to build a theory to interpret and predict the

behavior as unique human being. A theory begins with psychoanalytic which stem

from Sigmund Freud’d work (North, 30).

Psychoanalysis refers to psychology of personality is as tool for investigating

of human behavior. Psychoanalysis tries to analyze dynamic unconsciousness, the

effect of unconsciousness to consciousness in higher level of personality. Jung states

that people always states that people always struggle to maintain a balance. The

struggle is carried out in four ways : by thinking, feeling, intuiting and sensing, all

four are active but one tends dominate and from her consciousness and

unconsciousness occur (Wargon, 45). one of part the psychology is hierarchy of need

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2.1.4 Hierarchy of Need

For support the thesis, the next theory is Hierarchy of need by Abraham

Maslow. Maslow felt human beings have certain basic needs that they must meet

before they can fulfill their other developmental need (Crandel 48). Abraham Maslow

is traditionally associated with humanist psychology, but major theorist in all three

areas influenced him; these are psychodynamic, behavioral, and humanistic

philosophies of human nature, and he made significant contributions to each phase of

the development of the field of psychology between 1930 and 1970. He is the expert

of human psychology who proposed the hierarchy of needs theory (Reid 7).

Maslow states that humans are born with a set of needs that not only energize

but direct behavior (Franken 437). Based on Maslow’s statements, these needs are

neither necessarily conscious nor unconscious. On the whole, however, in the average

person, they are more unconscious than conscious (Maslow 54). The diagram of

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a. The Physiological Needs

The physiological need is the lowest stage in hierarchy of needs. These

include needs that are of prime importance to the immediate survival of the

individual, for instance the need for food, water, air, and sleep (Larsen 346).

Physiological survival is considered to be the most basic motivator of human

behavior (Reid16). Young has summarized the work on appetite in its relation

to body needs. If the body lacks some chemical, the individual will tend (in an

imperfect way) to develop a specific appetite or partial hunger for that missing

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b. The Safety Needs

According to Maslow, when the first stage that is the physiological needs

have been satisfied, the new need will emerge and so on. Safety and security

needs come to the next in hierarchy of needs. This need which may categorize

roughly as the safety needs are having a place to live, security, stability,

dependency, protection, freedom from fear, from anxiety, and so on (Maslow

39).

Franken states that although the child may look to parents for his or her own

safety, safety for adults come from making the environment as predictable as

possible. In such an environment one can then pursue one’s other needs

without constant fear that something or someone will threaten one’s safety

(Frank 438).

c. The Belongingness and Love Needs

After the physiological and the safety needs are fairly well gratified, then the

human will emerge the next need that is the belongingness and love needs

(Maslow 43). The love needs have been described in different ways: in terms

of social relationships, connection with other people, and belonging to groups

or partnerships (Reid 18).

Maslow was careful to differentiate between the love needs and sexuality; he

states that love needs are greater than a physiological desire to procreate

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A m i l l i a | 19

imbued with a different quality than sexual desire (Reid 18). According to

Maslow above, sex includes in physiological need. It means that love needs

involve both giving and receiving love such Maslow’s statement that people

must have the opportunity to love and be loved.

d. The Esteem Needs

When the physiological, safety, and love needs are satisfied, a set of needs

relating to esteem and self respect emerge as primary determinants of human

behavior (Reid 19). People begin to have need or desire for self-respect and

for the esteem each others. According to Alfred Alder and his followers, these

needs may therefore be classified into two subsidiary sets. These are, first is

the desire for strength, for achievement, for adequacy, for mastery and

competence, for confidence in the face of the world, and for independence and

freedom (Maslow 45). Second is the desire for reputation or prestige, status,

fame, glory, dominance, recognition, attention, importance, dignity, or

appreciation (45).

e. The Self-Actualization Needs

When one has satisfied the first four level of need, the final level of

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A m i l l i a | 20

self-actualization level, the person’s behavior is motivated by different

conditions than at the lower levels.

It means, at this level, the individual differences are greatest.

After all these needs are satisfied, people may still often expect that a new

discontent and restlessness will soon develop unless the individual is doing

what he wants to do individually (Maslow 46).

Maslow states that people who try to reach the goal in their lives will do

anything and it can bring effects to their behavior or personality. The effect of

their motivation towards their personality can be seen either positive or

negative (Maslow 55).

This need is the need to develop one’s potential, to become the person one

was meant to be. However, self-actualizers seem to just know who they are

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2.2 Review of Related Studies

This part will show the previous studies which are discussed about the same

novel and closely similar with type of analysis in this research. First, a research

entitledThe Importance of Self Resistance in The Fifth Mountain :Individual

Psychology written by Ari Susanti, student of University of Muhammadiyah

Surakarta. Her research talks about the Elijah’s endurance in the novel. She used

Individual psychology by Alfred Adler for analysis the main character.

Based on explanation above, the difference between this research and the

previous thesis is on the focus; This thesis focuses on the struggle of Elijah as the

prophet but on Ari Susanti’s thesis focuses on Elijah’s Individual psychology.

Other research entitled A Study of Agnes Magnusdottir Struggle in Hannah

Kent’s Burial Rite written byYuliAstutik,student of State Islamic University

SunanAmpel Surabaya. Her thesis describe the Agnes’ characterization and to find

out the Agnes struggle to get status from NatanKetilson on the Burial Rite novel.

Based on explanation above, the difference between this research and

previous thesis is the struggle of the main character in each novel is difference. Agnes

struggle to get status from NatanKetilson, but this thesis will focus on Elijah struggle

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CHAPTER III

This chapter is focused on analysis the novel. The writer uses two theories to

do it. They are new criticism and Maslow’s hierarchy of need. The analysis is focused

based on reassert questions in chapter one. This chapter is divided into three parts.

The first is analysis about characterization of Elijah shown in The Fifth Mountain

novel. Second analysis is the struggle of Elijah as the prophet shown in The Fifth

Mountain novel. The writer is using hierarchy of need by Abraham Maslow to

analysis the struggle of Elijah. There are five hierarchies that suitable for this analysis

chronologically. They are psychological need, safety need, love and belonging need,

esteem need and self-actualization. The last is the effect of Elijah struggle in the

novel.

3.1. Characterizations of Elijah

The writer would like to explain characterization of Elijah that is shown in the

novel. Elijah is the main character in The Fifth Mountain novel. It shows in the novel

when story of Elijah is more than other. The writer statement is supported by Foster

statement who states that if we expect the writer to focus on a single major character

and his characters is studied far more than any other characters he is said to be the

main character.

a. Elijah does not realize that his ability to hear voice of the Angel is a sign of

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SINCE CHILDHOOD, he had heard voices and spoken with angels. This

was when he had been impelled by his father and mother to seek out a

priest of Israel who, after asking many questions, identified Elijah as a

nabi, a prophet, a “man of the spirit,” one who “exalts himself with the

word of God.” (Caulo 6)

Elijah is different from other children since he was a child. He could hear vote of the

Angel. He not only hears voice of the Angel but also he could talk with the Angel.

Based on the text above, the writer concludes that Elijah does not realize that his

ability to hear voice of the Angel is a sign of becoming a prophet. Elijah’s parents

seek reassurance about the state of Elijah. They seek Elijah to a priest of Israel about

it. A priest of Israel said that Elijah is a prophet. Elijah’s parents instruct Elijah to

forget everything that he heard and experienced.

b. Elijah is obedient to his parents.

He spoke only with his guardian angel and heard only advice about his own life; from time to time he had visions he could not understand– distant seas, mountains populated with strange beings, wheels with wings and eyes. As soon as the visions disappeared, he–obedient to his father and mother–made every effort to forget them as rapidly as possible. (Coelho 6)

The text shows that Elijah is obedient to his parents. His parent’s advice influences

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that he experienced. He feels as the ordinary human being. There is not special thing

on him.

c. Elijah does not agree about the life of prophet at that time.

NOW AND AGAIN, he would gaze respectfully upon the other

prophets, who walked the streets of Gilead wearing their customary cloaks of skins and sashes of leather and saying that the Lord had singled them out to guide the Chosen People. Truly, such was not his destiny; never would he be capable of evoking a trance through dancing or

self-flagellation, a common practice among those “exalted by the voice of God,” because he was afraid of pain. Nor would he ever walk the streets of

Gilead, proudly displaying the scars from injuries achieved during a state of ecstasy, for he was too shy. (Coelho 7)

Elijah does not agree about the life of prophet at that time. Humbly, Elijah respects to

the live of human that is believed as prophet. The differences between his live and

prophet live reassure him that he won’t be a prophet. Even though, Elijah will believe

in his God whatever happen.

d. Elijah is an obedient servant of his God.

AFTER ASCENDING to the throne, Jezebel had asked Ahab to replace the worship of the Lord with that of the gods of Lebanon. That too had happened before. Elijah, though outraged at Ahab's compliance, continued to worship

the God of Israel and to observe the laws of Moses. “It will pass,” he thought. “Jezebel seduced Ahab, but she will not succeed in convincing the people.”

(Coelho 8)

Elijah is an obedient servant of his God. He does everything that he believes although

it is contrary to his queen’s decision. His queen is Jezebel. Hardly, he tries to abjure

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e. Elijah tries to forget the fact that he can hear the voice of angel and talk to

angel since he was child.

One of the lights shone more brightly, and suddenly, as if coming from everywhere at once:

“And the word of the Lord came unto him, saying: Tell Ahab, that as surely as the Lord God of Israel live, before whom thou standest, there

shall not be dew nor rain these years, but according to My word.”

ELIJAH DID NOT SLEEP that night. For the first time in many years, the sensations of his childhood came back to him; and it was not his

guardian angel speaking but “something” larger and more powerful than

he. He feared that if he failed to carry out the order he might be cursed in his trade. (Coelho 9)

Elijah tries to forget the fact that he can hear the voice of angel and talk to angel since

he was child. He was success on it. It never comes to him anymore. Unpredictable,

the voice of angel is back. The sign from the Angel is stronger than before.

f. Elijah conveys the message that he heard to his king.

By morning, he had decided to do as he had been asked. After all, he was only the messenger of something that did not concern him; once the task was done, the voices would not return to trouble him. (Coelho 9)

Elijah makes a big decision. He will be obedient to the instruction that he heard. He

conveys the message that he heard to his king. He hopes the calmness on his life after

convey the message.

g. The mission of Elijah begins at his twenty-three.

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with all the ardor of his twenty-three years. And he asked God whether in the future he could find a woman from Lebanon, for they were beautiful with their dark skin and green eyes full of mystery. (Coelho 10)

Based on the text above, the mission of Elijah begins at his twenty-three. He is

fascinated by the beauty of Jezebel. Jezebel becomes the symbol of beauty for women

in Israel. As a human, Elijah wants to have a beautiful wife as Jezebel.

h. Elijah becomes fugitive in Israel.

HE WORKED for the rest of the day and slept peacefully. The next morning he was awakened before dawn by the Levite; Jezebel had convinced the king that the prophets were a menace to the growth and expansion of Israel. Ahab's soldiers had orders to execute all who refused to abandon the sacred task that God had conferred upon them.

To Elijah alone, however, no right of choice had been given: he has to be killed. (Coelho 10)

Elijah becomes fugitive in Israel. It is the effect of his decision to convey the message

from his God to the king. Elijah becomes the only prophet that does not get change to

leave his God as other prophet. The queen asks to the king to kill Elijah without any

resent.

i. He will regret his live if he never knows the feel of love.

He thought how stupid it was to die at twenty-three, without ever having known a woman's love. (Coelho 11)

Elijah is young. He is a fugitive on his country. As a fugitive, his life is not easy to

do. Everyone on his country is looking for him to be killed. He is single on

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j. Elijah runs out from his country to save himself.

HE WALKED FOR MANY HOURS, TAKING PATHS LONG since unused, until he arrived at the bank of the rivulet of Cherith. He felt shame at his cowardice but joy at being alive. (Coelho 12)

Elijah runs out from his country to save himself. At the decision he blames himself as

a coward. He is also grateful for his long life.

k. He had decided to work as a carpenter; but the Lord had led him back to his

path.

Despite the priests' belief that he was a prophet, he had decided to work as a carpenter; but the Lord had led him back to his path. (Coelho 14) AFTER ASCENDING to the throne, Jezebel had asked Ahab to replace the worship of the Lord with that of the gods of Lebanon. That too had happened before. Elijah, though outraged at Ahab's compliance, continued to worship the God

of Israel and to observe the laws of Moses. “It will pass,” he thought. “Jezebel seduced Ahab, but she will not succeed in convincing the people.” (Coelho 8)

One of the lights shone more brightly, and suddenly, as if coming from everywhere at once:

“And the word of the Lord came unto him, saying: Tell Ahab, that as

surely as the Lord God of Israel live, before whom thou standest, there

shall not be dew nor rain these years, but according to My word.”

ELIJAH DID NOT SLEEP that night. For the first time in many years, the sensations of his childhood came back to him; and it was not his

guardian angel speaking but “something” larger and more powerful than

he. He feared that if he failed to carry out the order he might be cursed in his trade. (Coelho 9)

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He left convinced that he had carried out his mission and could go back to his work in the carpentry shop. On his way, he desired Jezebel, with all the ardor of his twenty-three years. And he asked God whether in the future he could find a woman from Lebanon, for they were beautiful with their dark skin and green eyes full of mystery. (Coelho 10)

HE WORKED for the rest of the day and slept peacefully. The next morning he was awakened before dawn by the Levite; Jezebel had convinced the king that the prophets were a menace to the growth and expansion of Israel. Ahab's soldiers had orders to execute all who refused to abandon the sacred task that God had conferred upon them.

To Elijah alone, however, no right of choice had been given: he has to be killed. (Coelho 10)

He thought how stupid it was to die at twenty-three, without ever having

known a woman's love. (Coelho 11)

HE WALKED FOR MANY HOURS, TAKING PATHS LONG since

unused, until he arrived at the bank of the rivulet of Cherith. He felt

shame at his cowardice but joy at being alive. (Coelho 12)

Despite the priests' belief that he was a prophet, he had decided to work as a

carpenter; but the Lord had led him back to his path. Elijah is depicted as a prophet

but his life does not as the prophet. He prefers to run his life as a human being. He

chose to be a carpenter to spend his life. The fact, he can’t be carpenter for long time.

God has been choosing him as the prophet. Whatever it takes, Elijah has to live as the

prophet.

l. Elijah laughed, for he was putting words into the mouth of a bird.

Elijah fixed his gaze on the crow.

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“You have discovered how everything is simple,” the crow seemed to reply. “Having courage is enough.” (Coelho 15)

Elijah laughed, for he was putting words into the mouth of a bird. It was an amusing

game, one he had learned with a woman who made bread, and he decided to

continue. He would ask the questions and offer himself an answer, as if he were a true

sage.Being lonely, Elijah tries to amuse himself. He makes conversation between him

and a crow. He is looking for spirit to himself. He believes that he has the audacity

for help him. He realizes that his audacity had helped him to survive his live.

m. The conversation between Elijah and the crow looks like the conversation of human with human.

In his imagination Elijah was transformed into the crow.

“What it is that God expects of you?” he asked himself, as if he were the

crow.

“He expects me to be a prophet.”

“This is what the priests said. But it may not be what God desires.”

“Yes, it is what He wants. An angel appeared to me in my shop and

asked me to speak with Ahab. The voices I heard as a child–”

“Everyone hears voices as a child,” interrupted the crow.

“But not everyone sees an angel,” Elijah said. (Coelho 16)

The conversation between Elijah and the crow looks like the conversation of human

with human. In the fact, Elijah is talking by himself. Their conversation is talking

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of Israel. However, Elijah is hesitant that God has been chosing him as someone who

is delivering a revelation of God. In Elijah’s mind, he thinks that everything in his

live is his imagination. Suddenly he realizes that Angel does not come in everyone.

n. Elijah personally is not afraid of anyone, including the leader of the Akbar.

“My tears were for the evil I felt I had caused you, for I fear but two

things: the Lord, and myself. I did not flee from Israel, and I am ready to return as soon as the Lord permits. I will put an end to your beautiful

princess, and the faith of Israel shall survive this threat too.” (Coelho 40)

Elijah personally is not afraid of anyone, including the leader of the Akbar. He says

clearly that he is only afraid of God and himself. He keeps following the instruction

of the God.

o. Elijah is considering his words to others.

The boy looked at him in surprise. He probably understood nothing, but even so Elijah felt the need to continue the conversation. Perhaps when he came to manhood one of these words might assist him in a difficult situation. (Coelho 75)

Elijah is considering his words to others. He gives advice as may be necessary for

others. He thought of his words for the long term.

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Elijah collapsed when his prayer is not granted by God. Elijah is angry to his God.

So, he decides to go against God.

q. Elijah is a persistent person in his work.

Elijah returned to his work, entering destroyed homes, pushing aside the rubble, picking up the bodies, and carrying them to the pile in the middle of the square. The bandage that the shepherd had put on his arm had fallen off, but that mattered little; he had to prove to himself that he was strong enough to regain his dignity. (Coelho 119)

Elijah is a persistent person in his work. He struggles to build Akbar. At the moment,

the physical of Elijah is drawing blood.

r. Elijah goes back to his God after he opposed Him.

Elijah rose and prayed, “I fought Thee, Lord, and I am not ashamed. And

mission, I must continue this battle against Thee, until Thou bless me.” To

rebuild Akbar. What Elijah thought was a challenge to God was, in truth, his reencounter with Him. (Coelho 124)

Elijah goes back to his God after he opposed Him. He realizes that God guide him in

his own way.

s. Elijah still admires for the tradition.

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gods had been taken away by the Assyrians. With all respect, he touched the stone that, according to tradition, marked the spot where an ancestor had embedded a staff in the ground and been unable to wrest it free. (Coelho 136)

Although he has different belief for the God, Elijah still admires for the tradition.

3.2 Hierarchy of Need

3.2.1 Physiological Needs

Elijah is a prophet who opposed the decision of queen jezebel to abandon the

sacred duty which is God has commanded. The queen decided to punish Elijah to

death. It causes Elijah had to go from his home to save himself at that time. Someday,

Elijah will drop the queen from her power as the order from Elijah’s God. Elijah

leaved his place to the place that he had never known. He started his new life there.

Elijah’s journey to save himself is not accompanied by any material in his

maintenance.

As a human, Elijah definitely has needs that must be fulfilled. According to

the theory of Abraham Maslow, the most basic needs of human beings is called

physiological need. There are some things that are in the psychological need, they are

food, water, oxygen, maintaining body temperature and other. Physiological needs is

a requirement that has the most impact in other needs, people who constantly feel

hungry will be motivated to find food than to look for a friend or acquire self esteem.

They do not look further than the food, and during these needs are fulfilled, their

main motivation is to get a food.

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HE WALKED FOR MANY HOURS, TAKING PATHS LONG since unused, until he arrived at the bank of the rivulet of Cherith. He felt shame at his cowardice but joy at being alive.

He drank a bit of water, sat, and only then realized the situation in which he found himself: the next day he would need to feed himself, and food was nowhere to be found in the desert. (Coelho 12)

In general, traveling hours is one of the things that can cause fatigue in the human

body. It is done by Elijah. Elijah needs something that can make his body strong.

Finally, Elijah can drink from a river after he walked away. In my opinion, Elijah has

fulfilled his basic need of physiological need. The requirement is his body needs

water after the fatigue of a long journey. The setting explanation in the text is the

desert. According to Wikipedia, the deserts are considered to have little ability to

support life. When compared with the wetter regions this may be true, even if it is

observed carefully, desert often has a life that is usually hidden (especially during the

day) to maintain body fluids. It is a region that receives little rainfall-less than 250

millimeters a year. In that place, surely water is needed by Elijah. He does not think

about the cleaning and the taste of the water. The most important thing in such

circumstance is he can fulfill the basic need, it means that Elijah needs water. The

situation above will be difference when we have a lot of water in our circles. We

usually focus to the sense of the water, quality of the water and so on.

Not only water but also food is needed by Elijah. He needs some food to go on his

journey. So that why he thinks the way to get food in place that has little ability to

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b. He tries to find place that can protect him from the sun, although he is

hopeless.

HE DRANK a bit of the crystalline water that ran beside him. He cleansed his face, then sought out shade where he could await his pursuers. A man cannot fight his destiny–he had already tried, and he had lost. (Coelho 14)

In this text, water is basic need that can be fulfilled by Elijah. In the desert, Elijah

should be able to survive only with water. Not only fulfill his needs of water but also

he fulfills his need to maintain body temperature. He tries to find place that can

protect him from the sun, although he is hopeless.

c. A meat that is dropped by bird can be consumed by Elijah.

SHORTLY BEFORE NIGHTFALL, a crow–could it be the same one?–

perched on the bough where he had seen it that morning. In its beak was a small piece of meat that it accidentally dropped.

To Elijah, it was a miracle. He ran to the spot beneath the tree, picked up the chunk of meat, and ate it. He didn't know from where it had come, nor did he wish to know; what was important was his being able to satisfy a small part of his hunger. (Coelho 16)

Elijah needs to fulfill his body with a food. In this situation, the bird was dropping

meat near Elijah by accidentally. It shall be deemed as miracle for Elijah. A meat that

is dropped by bird can be consumed by Elijah. The bird is really a help for Elijah to

fulfill his other psychological need. This text shows that Elijah really needs to fulfill

his psychological need about the food. The text was explanation that Elijah was not

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d. Elijah realized that physiological need of food is the importance one of his life.

“This crow knows I'm going to starve to death here,” he thought. “He's feeding his prey so he can have a better feast later.” (Coelho 16)

Elijah realized that physiological need of food is the importance one of his life. He

can end his life if he does not fulfill his physiological need of food in a long day.

e. Elijah declares human must fulfill their physiological need to keep long way of their life.

“I would like to talk to you, crow. This morning, I had the thought that souls

need food. If my soul has not yet perished of hunger, it has something

still to say.” (Coelho 16)

Elijah declares human must fulfill their physiological need to keep long way of their life. The fulfilling of physiological need of food, he can be continued his activity.

f. He imitates the way bird looking for a meat to fulfill his physiologicalneed of

food.

THE BIRD RETURNED the next morning. Instead of resuming the conversation, Elijah began to observe it, for the animal always managed to feed itself and always brought him the food that remained.

A mysterious friendship developed between the pair, and Elijah began to learn from the bird. Observing it, he saw that it managed to find food in the desert, and he discovered that he could survive for a few more days if he learned to do the same. (Coelho 18)

The struggle of Elijah in this part is about to survive his live in the desert. He brains

with the bird to drive out his loneliness. He talks to bird like the bird can understand

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Elijah’s imagination, the bird and Elijah look like friendship. This friendship is

tighter when the bird always drops meat for Elijah. Not only need to drive out his

loneliness but also he needs to fulfill his physiological need by himself. He could not

reckon the meat that is given by bird. He imitates the way bird looking for a meat to

fulfill his physiologicalneed of food.

g. Elijah success to follow bird’s way looking for meal.

“I'm a man who has found peace,” replied Elijah. “I can live in the

desert, provide for myself, and contemplate the endless beauty of God's creation. I have discovered that there resides in me a soul better than

ever I thought.” (Coelho 19)

Elijah is a clever man who observes his surroundings. It is reflected in his success to

follow bird’s way looking for meal. He could survive to stay in the desert. Fulfilled

physiological need of food influences thoughts and feeling of the human. Elijah is not

difficult to find the food anymore, so that way he feels more peaceful than before

when he can’t find food.

h. He feels better than before when he fled from his home.

ANOTHER MOON DIED and was reborn in the sky. Elijah felt that his body was stronger, his mind more clear. Tonight he turned to the crow, who was perched on the same branch as always, and answered the question he had asked some days before. (Coelho 19)

Elijah successfully meets his physiological need while lives in the desert. He feels

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i. He asks the widower’s helping to give him drink and bread.

“Do not be afraid,” Elijah insisted. “I am alone, hungry and thirsty, and haven't the strength to harm anyone.” (Coelho 21)

The text is located after the explanation about Elijah gets the command from his God

to go to Akbar. There is not one known by Elijah. His Got commands him to stay in

widower’s house. Elijah is the stranger for the widower. It makes the widower afraid

of him. Elijah tries to convince the widower that he will not hurt her. Elijah has not

fulfilled his physiological need that makes his body weak. He asks the widower’s

helping to give him drink and bread.

j. Elijah struggles to convince widower that he gets instruction from his God to

stay at widower’s home.

Elijah saw the horizon changing direction and knew he was about to faint.

Gathering the last of his strength, he implored one final time, “I don't

“The barrel of meal shall not waste, either shall the cruses of oil fail, until the day the Lord sends rain upon the earth.” (Coelho 21)

Elijah’s body is getting weaker and weaker. His power is running low. He is going to

faint. Those are the effect of less fulfilled physiological needs. He needs water and

meal to fulfill his physiological need. This situation, Elijah struggles to convince

widower that he gets instruction from his God to stay at widower’s home. There is no

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physiological need when Elijah stays at widower’s home, because, it is the utterance

of the God that Elijah accepts.

“Give me lodging with you, for Ihave nowhere to sleep,” Elijah insisted.

(Coelho 22)

Not only water and meal but also residence is psychological need. Elijah needs some

place to keep his body temperature from weather. He asks widower to acceptance him

for stay at her home.

3.2.2 Safety need

The second of hierarchy of needs is safety need. When all physiological needs

are satisfied and are no longer controlling thoughts and behaviors, the needs for

security can become active. Adults have little awareness of their security needs

except in times of emergency or periods of disorganization in the social structure. The

following text is the analysis about it that the writer finds in the novel:

a. He goes to other places for save himself.

“For years I have had commerce with Lebanon, and I respect your

people and their customs. I am here because I am persecuted in Israel.”

(Coelho 24)

Almost certainly, the majority of people want to live in safety and peaceful. Every

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Elijah when there is no physical safety for him in Israel. He goes to other places for

save himself.

b. The high priest is explaining the condition of Akbar to Elijah.

The high priest laughed.

“If you're waiting for the right moment to return, prepare yourself to remain in Akbar for the rest of your life. We are not at war with your country; all we desire is to see the spread of the true faith, by

peaceful means, throughout the world. We have no wish to repeat the atrocities committed by your people when you installed yourselves in

Canaan.” (Coelho 24)

The high priest is explaining the condition of Akbar to Elijah. Akbar is in safety. This

city is not in war. Leaders of Akbar is trying to guide the society into religious human

with full of peace. They don’t want any atrocities in Akbar although other countries

have done violence to spread religion. It is not good example for them to follow. The

condition of this city supports Elijah to get safety need for him.

c. High priest assured Elijah that there is not persecution for Elijah in Akbar.

“Excellent. Welcome to the city of Akbar; when we need something from

Jezebel, we will pay for it with your head–the most important currency we have. Till then, seek out employment and learn to fend for yourself,

because here there is no place for prophets.” (Coelho 24)

This text is about the conversation between high priest and Elijah. High priest is one

of the important leaders in Akbar. He allowed Elijah to stay in Akbar. Elijah was

getting persecution in Israel. High priest assured Elijah that there is not persecution

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tradition to favor the prophet. Elijah has independent life as other people in Akbar.

Elijah gets his safety need in Akbar is only temporary. High priest does not keep

Elijah for fully. He had permitted Elijah to stay in Akbar to take advantage of the

presence of Elijah who is being hunted by the Israel queen. Elijah is used as medium

of exchange if one day Akbar needs something from Israel. Although it is only

temporary, Elijah gets his safety need in Akbar.

d. Elijah becoming part of Zarephath

LITTLE BY LITTLE ELIJAH BECAME PART OF THE LIFE OF Zarephath and,like all its inhabitants, came to call it Akbar. (Coelho 25)

The text portraits that Elijah has met his safety need that he needed after he fled from

his country. Elijah becoming part of Zarephath is one of the sign that the society

receives him to stay with them in their circles with peaceful.

3.2.3 Love and Belonging

When the needs for safety and for physiological well-being are satisfied, the

next class of needs for love, affection and belongingness can emerge. Maslow states

that people seek to overcome feelings of loneliness and alienation. This involves both

giving and receiving love, affection and the sense of belonging.

SINCE CHILDHOOD, he had heard voices and spoken with angels.

This was when he had been impelled by his father and mother to seek out a

priest of Israel who, after asking many questions, identified Elijah as a nabi, a

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a. Elijah gets full of love from his parents.

After speaking with him for many hours, the priest told his father and mother that whatever the boy might utter should be regarded as earnest.

When they left that place, his father and mother demanded that Elijah never tell anyone what he saw and heard; to be a prophet meant having ties to the government, and that was always dangerous. (Coelho 6)

Elijah’s parent has known that Elijah is a prophet since Elijah was child. A priest of

Israel’s statement convinces them that Elijah is a prophet. One of the tradition in

Israel is the prophet will be part of government. Elijah’s parent realized that it was

not good way for Elijah. They keep Elijah from the government. They asked Elijah to

keep silent about his condition as the prophet. According to the last experience,

Elijah’s parent considered that the life of prophet was not save when they live for

government. This condition shows that Elijah gets full of love from his parents.

b. The widow has allowed Elijah to stay in her home.

“Pray to your One God,” the woman asked again. “If He saves my son, I

swear I will renounce Baal and believe Him. Explain to your Lord that I gave you shelter when you were in need; I did exactly as He had

ordered.” (Coelho 27)

The widow has allowed Elijah to stay in her home. The existence of Elijah in the

widow’s home does not mean that the widow follows Elijah to believe Elijah’s God.

She shows that she will believe Elijah’s God if God takes away the illness of her son.

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helped Elijah to perform the task of his God. Elijah’s presence would be considered

more important if he meets the widow’s desire.

c. Elijah’s presence increasingly regarded as a disaster.

“Cursed be the gods, cursed be they who have taken away my son!

Cursed be the man who brought such misfortune to my home! My only

child!” she screamed. “Because I respected the will of heaven, because I was

generous with a foreigner, my son is dead!” (Coelho 29)

Elijah’s presence increasingly regarded as a disaster. The widow’s anger to Elijah is

not controlled. She hates Elijah. She blames Elijah when her son died. The widow is

regretting her decision to accept Elijah to stay at her home. She considers that all the

good that she did for this is futile. She lost her son. This incident is regarded as

disproportionate reward from the God. She blames everything that can be blamed.

d. The society of Akbar hate Elijah as the widow hates him.

SHOUTING INSULTS AND HURLING STONES, THE MEN and women of Akbar followed in procession the group of guards conducting the Israelite to the face of the Fifth Mountain. Only with great effort were the soldiers able to contain the crowd's fury. After walking for half an hour, they came to the foot of the sacred mountain.

The group stopped before the stone altars, where people were wont to leave their offerings and sacrifices, their petitions and prayers. They all knew the stories of giants who lived in the area, and they remembered some who had challenged the prohibition only to be claimed by the fire from heaven. Travelers passing through the valley at night swore they could hear the laughter of the gods and goddesses amusing themselves from above.

Even if no one was certain of all this, none dared challenge the gods.

“Let's go,” said a soldier, prodding Elijah with the tip of his spear.

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The society of Akbar hate Elijah as the widow hates him. They blame Elijah for the

death of the widow’s son. Elijah gets punishment from the society. He has to do the

punishment as the tradition in Akbar. Not only that punishment Elijah gets but also he

can’t fulfill his need to be part of the society in Akbar. Elijah does not get acceptance

from the society because of this problem.

e. The existent of Elijah is accepted

“I shall do as you ask,” the high priest told the prisoner. “Since you have

sought the forgiveness of the gods, you should also seek it of the widow. So that you do not flee, you will go accompanied by four armed soldiers. But harbor no illusion that you will convince her to ask clemency;

when morning comes, we shall execute you in the middle of the square.”

(Coelho 33)

Elijah had done the punishment as the culture of Akbar. He is deemed to have been

pleading to the gods who is trusted by the Akbar public. It is the reason of the high

priest to give Elijah one change to begs for mercy to the widow. This change shows

that the existent of Elijah is accepted once again.

f. The widow hates Elijah.

Standing his ground against the shoves and blows, Elijah freed himself of the hands that grasped him and ran to the widow, who sat weeping in a corner.

“I can bring him back from the dead. Let me touch your son,” he said. “For just an instant.”

The widow did not even raise her head.

“Please,” he insisted. “Even if it be the last thing you do for me in this

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The existent of Elijah is undesirable for the widow in her home. The widow hates

Elijah. She blames Elijah as the man who brings damnation for her life. Although

Elijah is rejected by the widow, he does not give up to ask the widow to touch her

son. Elijah wants to return the favor to the widow. The widow has done much

kindness to Elijah. At the moment, the position of Elijah is cornered by the society

and the widow.

g. The widow shows her mercy.

At that moment, everyone stopped. The widow had risen and come toward him. Taking him by the hands, she led him to where the cadaver of her son lay, then removed the sheet that covered him. (Coelho 34)

The widow shows her mercy. She permits Elijah to touch her son. Moreover, she

herself brings Elijah to the place of her son corpse.

h. Elijah prays to God in order to revive the son of the widow.

For long moments nothing happened. Elijah saw himself back in Gilead, standing before the soldier with an arrow pointing at his heart, aware that oftentimes a man's fate has nothing to do with what he believes or fears. He felt calm and confident as he had that day, knowing that, whatever the outcome might be, there was a reason that all of this had come to pass. Atop the Fifth Mountain, the angel had called this

reason the “grandeur of God”; he hoped one day to understand why the

Creator needed His creatures to demonstrate this glory. It was then that the boy opened his eyes.

“Where's my mother?” he asked.

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