continuous text quantifiers expressing certainty uncertainty

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UN Preparation

English

For SMP Students

Episode 57

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The Materials are

•

Reading ComprehensionReading Comprehension

Continuous Text: Nature: Forest Continuous Text: Nature: Forest

•

QuantifiersQuantifiers

•

Language FunctionLanguage Function

Expressing Certainty/Uncertainty Expressing Certainty/Uncertainty

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F O R E S T

A forest is an area that is full

of trees. We can find it in the

islands of Indonesia. They spread

along the islands of Sumatra,

Java, Kalimantan, Irian and other

islands in Indonesia. They are

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Forests give us many kinds

of export commodities such as

timber, rattans, as well as

rubber. Forests also protect us

from danger of floods. In the

rainy season the roots of the

trees in the forest

absorb the

_{absorb the}

rain water and store it under

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In the dry season the water will come In the dry season the water will come

out and it is very useful for us for out and it is very useful for us for

reservoir and irrigation. If there are no reservoir and irrigation. If there are no

forests, the rain water cannot be forests, the rain water cannot be

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Forests also help us to purify the air Forests also help us to purify the air of pollution. The trees of the forests of pollution. The trees of the forests

need need

carbon dioxide from the air and send carbon dioxide from the air and send

the the

oxygen out into the air, which make the oxygen out into the air, which make the

air fresh and pure. The fresh and pure air fresh and pure. The fresh and pure

air air

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1.

1. Which paragraph tells us

_{Which paragraph tells us}

that forest can be a source of

income for the government?

a.

Paragraph oneParagraph one

b.

Paragraph two Paragraph two

c.

Paragraph threeParagraph three

d.

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2.

2. We must protect our forests

_{We must protect our forests}

from the destruction

because

….

a.

a. we can find a lot of trees in the forestswe can find a lot of trees in the forests

b.

b. they spread along the islands in they spread along the islands in Indonesia

Indonesia

c.

c. they are very important for our lives they are very important for our lives

d.

d. we can find many kinds of fauna in the we can find many kinds of fauna in the forest

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3.

3. The function of the roots of

The function of the roots of

the trees is ….

a.

to make the air fresh and pureto make the air fresh and pure

b.

to cause erosions on the groundto cause erosions on the ground

c.

to store water before it is to store water before it is supplied to people

supplied to people

d.

to absorb and reserve the rain to absorb and reserve the rain under the ground

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4.

4. ‘‘They spread along the islands They spread along the islands of Sumatra …’ (paragraph 1)

of Sumatra …’ (paragraph 1) What does ‘they’ refer to?

What does ‘they’ refer to? “they” refers to

“they” refers to

….

a.

the treesthe trees

b.

the foreststhe forests

c.

the islandsthe islands

d.

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5.

5. What do the forests do to

_{What do the forests do to}

safe the people from the

danger of flood?

a.

Give the commodity such as Give the commodity such as rattan, rubber, and timber. rattan, rubber, and timber.

b.

Absorb and stored the water under Absorb and stored the water under the ground during rainy season.

the ground during rainy season.

c.

Purify the air of the pollution Purify the air of the pollution around the environment.

around the environment.

d.

Come out during the dry season Come out during the dry season and water the field.

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Quantifiers

•

DefinitionDefinition Quantifiers

Quantifiers digunakan untuk digunakan untuk menunjukkan jumlah benda. menunjukkan jumlah benda.

Beberapa ungkapan

Beberapa ungkapan quantifiersquantifiers

hanya digunakan dengan

hanya digunakan dengan Count NounCount Noun

dan beberapa yang lainnya hanya dan beberapa yang lainnya hanya

digunakan dengan

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Note:

Membedakan benda

Membedakan benda CountableCountable

dengan

denganUncountableUncountable

A.

A. CountableCountable Noun Noun

I have

I have many booksmany books in my library. in my library. My sister has

My sister has three best friendsthree best friends..

B.

B. UncountableUncountable Noun Noun

The teacher gave us

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Singular VS Plural Noun

Countable

Countable NounNoun

Singular

Singular Plural_Plural a woman

a woman a pen a pen a house a house

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Uncountable

Noun

Singular

Plural

_Plural

furniture

butter

sand

furniture

butter

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Quantifiers

both, a few/few, several,

many, a number of, a couple

of

A little/little, much, a great

deal of

Some, a lot of, lots of, plenty

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Used with CN

Both students

Many students

Several students

Some students

Plenty of students

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Table of Quantifiers

Used with NCN Used with NCN

A little butter A little butter

Much butter Much butter

Some butter Some butter Plenty of butter Plenty of butter

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1.

1. There is a traffic jam. Most of There is a traffic jam. Most of

these people are trying to get to these people are trying to get to

work. They all work in the city work. They all work in the city but few of them live out of the but few of them live out of the

city. They are feeling very angry city. They are feeling very angry

and frustrated at the moment and frustrated at the moment

because the traffic is hardly because the traffic is hardly moving. This bad traffic jam moving. This bad traffic jam

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20 The text shows that there are …

The text shows that there are … cars on the road.

cars on the road.

a.

several several

b.

nono

c.

muchmuch

d.

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2.

2. My mother went to the

_{My mother went to the}

market yesterday morning.

She bought … sugar.

a.

manymany

b.

a number ofa number of

c.

a fewa few

d.

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3.

3. The picture shows ...

_{The picture shows ...}

noodles

.

_.

a.

a cup ofa cup of

b.

a plate ofa plate of

c.

a bowl of a bowl of

d.

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4.

4. Anwar Anwar : Do you want to go : Do you want to go camping?

camping? Fuad

Fuad : Yes, I do: Yes, I do Anwar

Anwar : Don’t forget to bring a : Don’t forget to bring a towel and …

towel and … soap

soap

_a.

_{a plenty of}_{a plenty of}

.

b.

somesome

c.

manymany

d.

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a.

a few

b.

a little

_{a little}

c.

a lot

_{a lot}

d.

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Nina : Really, it’s quite big family.: Really, it’s quite big family.

a.

a. a fewa few

b.

b. muchmuch

c.

c. a lot of a lot of

d.

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Language Function

• Expressing Expressing

Certainty Certainty

I’m certain (that) I’m certain (that)

…. ….

There’s no doubt There’s no doubt

that …. that ….

It’s possible that It’s possible that

…. ….

I’m sure that … I’m sure that …

• Expressing UncertaintyExpressing Uncertainty

I doubt (that) ….

I’m doubtful (that) ….

I’m not certain (that)

….

I’m not sure (that) ….

I can’t decide (that) ….

I don’t believe (that) ….

Perhaps ….

Probably ….

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1.

1. Iwan_Iwan: Look,Tik! the weather is _{: Look,Tik! the weather is}

cloudy. Do you think it will cloudy. Do you think it will

rain soon? rain soon? Atik

Atik : I think so. I am…it will.: I think so. I am…it will.

a.

not surenot sure

b.

doubtfuldoubtful

c.

Sure Sure

d.

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2.

2. Dian

Dian

: Do you think you’ll

pass

the exam?

Irma

: … I could do it

_{: … I could do it}

easily.

a.

PerhapsPerhaps

b.

Definitely (jwbn bnr)Definitely (jwbn bnr)

c.

I don’t knowI don’t know

d.

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3.

3. Asni

_Asni

: Mom, will Dad

_{: Mom, will Dad}

allow

me to

_{me to}

come to my

friend’s birthday

party?

Mother

:

_:

I can’t say that

_{I can’t say that}

for

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The underlined expression is used to The underlined expression is used to

express … express …

•

dissatisfaction.dissatisfaction.

•

disappointmentdisappointment

•

certaintycertainty

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4.

4. Ani

_Ani

: Jak are you sure that

_{: Jak are you sure that}

we

are going to

_{are going to}

have English

test

_test

next Friday?

Jaka

: … Mr.Hamid has told it

many times.

a.

I hope so.I hope so.

b.

I agree with that.I agree with that.

c.

I am certain about it.I am certain about it.

d.

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5.

5. FathanFathan : I am absolutely : I am absolutely positive

positive that I will that I will pass the test.

pass the test. Irsa

Irsa : I hope so.: I hope so.

From the dialogue above, we

know that

know that a. …._….

a. Fathan is sure to pass the exam Fathan is sure to pass the exam

b.

b. Irsa will pass the testIrsa will pass the test

c.

c. Irsa and Fathan will have the testIrsa and Fathan will have the test

d.

d. Fathan thinks that Irsa will pass the Fathan thinks that Irsa will pass the test

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• AcceptingAccepting

Yes, please_{Yes, please}

Thank you very _{Thank you very}

much

Thanks a lot_{Thanks a lot}

• RefusingRefusing

No, thank you_{No, thank you}

That’s all right, _{That’s all right,}

thanks

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1.

1. Waiter Waiter : : ….…. ? ? Guest

Guest : Can I see the menu, _{: Can I see the menu,}

please ?please ? Waiter

Waiter : Yes, certainly.: Yes, certainly.

a.

What do you want, SirWhat do you want, Sir

b.

Can you help me, SirCan you help me, Sir

c.

What’s the matterWhat’s the matter

d.

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2.

2. Syarif : We’ve got the money. … go Syarif : We’ve got the money. … go to Town Electronic right

to Town Electronic right now.

now. Boy

Boy : Yes, I hope we can buy a new : Yes, I hope we can buy a new digital camera. Choose digital camera. Choose the best

the best one for us! one for us! Syarif : I’m sure that I can get it. Syarif : I’m sure that I can get it.

a.

You shouldYou should

b.

Why don’t weWhy don’t we

c.

Would you like me to Would you like me to

d.

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3.

3. MiraMira : There are many dirty : There are many dirty plates in the

plates in the kitchen

kitchen Mom, …. Mom, …. ?

?

Father

Father :_: Yes, of course. Please _{Yes, of course. Please}

have a rest have a rest MomMom. . You

You look very _{look very} tired.

tired. Mother

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a.

Would you wash themWould you wash them

b.

Could you put them in the Could you put them in the cupboard

cupboard

c.

Could you wash them, pleaseCould you wash them, please

d.

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4.

4. The room boyThe room boy: : Can I help youCan I help you

,

SirSir

The guest

The guest : ….Give me a : ….Give me a hand

hand with with these two big

these two big

suitcases, will you? suitcases, will you?

The room boy

The room boy : Right, sir._{: Right, sir.}

a.

Yes, please Yes, please

b.

No, thanksNo, thanks

c.

Not at allNot at all