background, research questions, research objectives, significance of the research, scope of study, and definition of terms.
1.1 Research Background
Genre described in various version among the experts, yet the most popular definition of genre was from Martin (1984) who described genre as a staged, goal- oriented, purposeful activity in which speakers engage as member of our culture.
Later, Swales (1990) defined genre as a class of communicative events, the members of which share some set of communicative purposes which are recognized by the expert members of the parent discourse community. In short, genre can be defined as activity of communication which recognized by the speaker in the discourse community. Genre can be found in the form of spoken and written. There are many forms of genre such as, genre approach and genre analysis. In this research, I will do research about genre-based analysis of move-step structure in students’ review text from third semester of English education at Unimus.
According to Dirgeyasa (2016), genre is a communication process that has a particular aim for its members in a particular event of communication due to specific social context. Another explanation also brought by Ulum (2016), who defined genre as how texts are built in concept of move, stage, strategy, and figure out the aspects in definitive text to recognize their communicative objectives. By
referring to two statements above, it can be said that genre is a communicating process with its social contexts and within genre there are concepts of move, stage, and strategy to figure out the object of the communication.
This research will use the concept of move-step analysis. The first concept of move analysis proposed as an approach within the generic field of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) and the aim was to think the necessity of advanced non- native English speaker who learn to create research abstract (Swales, 1981).
However, in this research I will use move-step analysis to analyze review text.
The object of this research is review text. Review text is a text that has purpose to rate something such as, movie, book and so on. The communicative purpose of review text is to criticize a thing for public audience. Review text is usually written to give comments about art work or things that can be found in daily life.
I found this topic interesting in my view, because this topic describes the move of a text and in this case is review text. Also, I feel triggered to conduct the study about how the text is explained by the dynamical way of communication and creative thinking. In fact, every person has their own critical thinking to judge something. In present time, critical thinking is being thought as social empowerment, enhanced communication, employability, and networking (Tuzlukova et al., 2017).
In line with Davies (2014), critical thinking is classified into examining arguments; proofing; judging; making decisions; drawing conclusions using
induction and deduction; predicting; reasoning verbally; interpreting; recognizing assumptions; asking questions for clarification; explaining terms (cited in Karapetian, 2020). From the explanation above, it can be concluded that there is link between critical thinking and review text. Both of them have correlation. In review text, there are four parts of generic structures which contain orientation, evaluation, interpretative recount, and evaluative summation. From each point, it needs critical thinking such as explaining the background topic; talking about statement, opinion, and judgement; resuming the whole argument and explanation;
as well as giving the final argument to the object that is being reviewed.
Review text cannot separate from critical thinking. In line with Hidayat (2014), good review text is demanding the writer to give their ideas according to the analysis that they have read. The analysis needs critical thinking in order to produce logic argument and evaluation. In writing review text require critical thinking, disclose ideas or opinions in order to make the reader convinced that those are facts (Karnengsih, 2016).
The urgency of this research is to give the knowledge about move analysis as discourse function in review text. I want to show how is rhetorical of a work like review text can communicate to the reader. Move-step analysis studies the rhetorical goals of a text. This indicates the link with review text which review text has goals in the social function. By using move-step structure analysis, I search for the achievement of the social function, is it achieved or not. I also want to emerge the connection between critical thinking and review text.
I consider that critical thinking and review text have connection that cannot be separated. The consideration is not only that, but also due to its crucial issue that is appeared in 2013 curriculum and also in Kampus Merdeka. Kampus Merdeka program which coined by the Ministry of Education and Culture gives opportunity to students in higher education to get freedom of learning and it is to enhance students’ capacity, quality, and skill (Yusuf, 2021).
This research has different and new perspective from the previous researches that has been conducted before. In the previous researches, most of move analysis in genre analysis is used to analyze the research abstract. Meanwhile in this research, I will use move analysis to analyze review text. This will become the novelty of the research. In this research I will find out what the move analysis that found in students’ review texts of English Education in University of Muhammadiyah Semarang (Unimus). Moreover, I want to find the link between students’ review texts product and their critical thinking through their perception of critical thinking. This research is basically concentrate on Swales's (2004) theory of genre analysis which he abundantly explained in his work titled Research Genres: Explorations and Applications, published in 2004. At the same time, I also
combine it with review text generic structure from Gerot and Wignell (1994) in their work Making Sense of Functional Grammar which will be used as the framework of the review text structure.
Few researches about genre analysis has been conducted by many researchers. Most of them discussed genre analysis to analyze research abstract.
native and non-native speakers by using Hyland's (2000) model of genre analysis which was implemented to find the differences between native and non-native reviewers in rhetorical structure of research abstracts. The result found that both native and non-native reviewers followed the rhetorical structure of three moves (Purpose, Method, and Conclusion). The findings also help students and novice reviewers to facilitate their successful acculturation into their disciplinary community. In this research, I focus in review text.
As explained previously, I certainly want to conduct this research with the title “Genre Analysis of Move-Step Structure on Review Text and Students’ Critical Thinking Perception: A Case Study of the Third Semester of English Education in Unimus” which has not been studied by other researchers.
1.2 Research Questions
1. What kinds of genre analysis of move-step structure that found in review texts from third semester students of English Education in Unimus?
2. How do third semester students of English Education in Unimus perceive critical thinking skills in writing review text?
1.3 Research Objectives
1. To find out the kinds of genre analysis of move-step structure that found in review texts from third semester students of English Education in Unimus.
2. To find out the students’ perception on critical thinking skills in writing review text.
1.4 Significances of the Research
The significances of the research have several benefits for:
1. Theoretically
a. This research is expected to enrich the genre analysis theories of move-step structure.
b. This research provides a reference for researching and learning genre especially, in genre analysis of move-step structure which has goals to the review text social function encountered by the students during their writing process.
2. Practically
a. This research provides information about students’ critical thinking perception.
b. The result of this research can be used as reference and will give impact to enhance in analyzing writing.
1.5 Scope of Study
This research will focus on the genre analysis of move-step structure from review texts written by third semester students of English Education in University of Muhammadiyah Semarang. I will analyze the structure of the review text based on the “Move-Step” structure by Swales (2004).
1.6 Definition of Terms
In order to discover the content of this study, the following are the definition of several key terms:
1. Genre analysis
Swales' (2004) coined genre analysis as a class of communication with contributed understandable communicative intention. In this research, genre analysis is the term for the discourse analysis.
2. Move-step structure
Move analysis examines text parts that work to bring out distinct rhetorical function which studies text in terms of their rhetorical goals and how they work to achieve those goals in series of steps or subcategories (Tardy, 2016). In this research, move-step structure is used as the analysis unit.
3. Review text
Gerot & Wignell (1994) explained that review text can critic such work of art for example, TV shows, books, operas, movies, plays, recordings, concerts, ballets, and exhibitions. In this research, review text is the object of analysis.
4. Critical thinking
Critical thinking is the improving process of analyzing and evaluating which are self-directed, self-disciplined, self-monitored, and self-corrective thinking (Paul
& Elder, 2020). In this research, I explain students’ perception on critical thinking.
