ABSTRAK
Friska Evalina Ginting: Perbandingan Sifat Anatomi Kayu Tusam (Pinus merkusii)
Alami dan Tanaman. Di bawah bimbingan Luthfi Hakim S.Hut, M.Si dan Ridwanti Batubara S.Hut, MP.
Kayu berasal dari berbagai pohon yang memiliki sifat yang berbeda-beda baik sifat anatomi kayu, sifat fisika dan kimianya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan sifat anatomi kayu tusam alami dan tanaman; mengukur dimensi serat; mengukur turunan dimenasi serat dan membandingkan mutu serat kayu tusam alami dan tanaman. Metode yang digunakan yaitu pengamatan makroskopis dengan menggunakan lup dan juga pengamatan mikroskopis dengan melakukan proses maserasi dan pengukuran dimensi serat diamati dibawah mikroskop.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sifat anatomi tusam alami dan tusam tanaman tidak jauh berbeda, hanya terdapat sedikit perbedaan dalam hal warna kayu. Dimensi serat (panjang serat,diameter serat, diameter lumen dan tebal dinding serat) tusam tanaman lebih besar dibanding tusam alami. Nilai turunan dimensi serat
(Runkle ratio, Felting power, Muhlsteph ratio, Coefficient of rigidity, Flexibility ratio) berturut-turut untuk tusam alami yaitu 0,95; 67,93; 69,89; 0,23; 0,54 sedangkan untuk tusam tanaman nilainya berturut-turut yaitu 0,73; 77,22; 72,02; 0,25; 0,50. Berdasarkan kriteria penilaan serat kayu Indonesia untuk bahan baku pulp dan kertas maka kedua jenis tusam (alami dan tanaman) termasuk dalam kelas mutu II.
Kata kunci: sifat anatomi, tusam alami dan tanaman, makrosakopis, mikroskopis, dimensi serat
ABSTRACT
Friska Evalina Ginting : Camparison of anatomy characteristic for Natural Pine (Pinus merkusii) and Planted. Under the guidances of Luthfi Hakim S.Hut, M.si
and Ridwanti Batubara.Hut, MP.
Wood comes from trees that have different characteristics. They are referred to wood anatomy, physics and chemical characteristics. The purpose of this study is to compare the anatomical characteristics of Pine's wood with planted ; to measure fiber’s dimensional derivative; to measure fiber’s dimensional derivative and compare the quality of natural pine’s wood fiber with a planted. The methods used are the macroscopic observation by using a magnifying glass as well as microscopic observation by maceration’s processing and dimensional measuring using a microscope.
The results showed that the anatomical characteristics of natural Pine's and planted are not much different, there is only a little difference in the color of wood. Dimensions of fiber (fiber’s length, fiber’s diameter, lumen’s diameter and fiber’s wall thickness) from the highest to the lowest is planted Pines > natural Pines . Values of dimensional derivative (Runkle ratio, Felting power, Muhlsteph ratio, Coefficient of rigidity, Flexibility ratio) of pine’s fiber in a row for the natural are 0.95: 67.93: 69.89: 0.23: 0.54 while for the planted in a row are 0.73: 77.22: 72.02 ; 0.25; 0.50. Based on Indonesian assessment criteria of wood fibers as raw material for pulp and paper, the two types of Pine's (natural and Planted) are included in quality of class II.
Keywords: characteristics of anatomy, natural and planted pine, macroscopic, microscopic, fiber’s dimensions.
