THE EFFECT OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING STAD MODEL ONSTUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES IN CHARACTERISTIC
OF LIVING THINGS TOPICS GRADE VII SMP NEGERI 1MEDAN
ACADEMIC YEARS 2012/2013
By :
Dewi Sartika Sari 408641001
Biology Bilingual Education
THESIS
Submitted to Biology Education Department State University of Medan, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Degree of SarjanaPendidikan
BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF MATHEMATIC AND NATURAL SCIENTIC STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, I would like to praise and thank God Allah SWT , the almighty, who has granted countless blessing, knowledge, and opportunity to the writer, so that I have been finally able to accomplish the thesis.
Apart from the efforts of me, the success of this thesis depends largely on the encouragement and guidelines of many others. I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to the people who have been instrumental in the successful completion of this thesis.
The writer hardly knows where to start expressing the gratitude but for sure the gratitude goes to all those who have assisted her in the process of completing this thesis. It would be impossible to list all names but several people deserve her sincere and special thanks.
I would like to show my greatest appreciation to Dra. Meida Nugrahalia, M.Sc, as the thesis supervisor. I can’t say thank you enough for her tremendous support and help. I feel motivated and encouraged every time I attend her meeting. Without her encouragement and guidance this thesis would not have materialized.
She gratefully acknowledges the deepest gratitude to Drs. Tri Harsono, M.Si., the head of Biology Department, Prof. Dr. Herbert Sipahutar M.Si., M.Sc., the coordinator of Bilingual Program, and Mr. Samsuddin for his administrative assistance.
Her enormous appreciation is addressed to Dr. Syarifuddin, M.Sc., Prof. Dr. Herbert Sipahutar, M.Sc ., and Dra. Martina Restuati, M.Si as her examiners, for the valuable inputs to be included in this thesis and generously spent precious time in giving the guidance, encouragement, suggestion, and comments for this thesis.
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inspiration during the academic years and also during the completion of this thesis.
Special thanks are extended to Drs. Ahmad Siregar., headmaster of SMP Negeri 1Medan, Biology teacher of grade eleven science class, Mrs. Khairani M.Si for the cooperation during research. I am grateful for his constant support and help.
Finally, she will forever be indebted to her beloved parents Suprapto and Ratna Tanjung., for having given her unfailing support and encouragement during the academic year and the completion of this thesis, her lovely brother , Adrian Rasyki and Muhammad Jodi Setiawan for always trying to keep her on track whenever and whatever problems she have to overcome.
Last but not least, the guidance and support received from all her best friend Syadwina Hamama, Verronicha Cristy, Winny, Meti, Christina, Yeni Khairina , Noviyanti, Syahriani, Maria Loretha, Sri Lestari Siboro, Abdul Hady Putra, Hasmi Syahputra, Sukma, Qije, Lastria, Amirullah fatha and all my friends from Biology Bilingual Program Year 2008 and DKC of Medan 2009-2014 for their friendship and cooperation.
It would be difficult to find adequate words to convey how much she owes the people. Lots of love and thank to all of you.
Januari, 28th2013 The Writer
THE EFFECT OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING STAD MODEL ON STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES FOR CHARACTERISTIC OF LIVING THINGS TOPICS
GRADE SEVEN SMP NEGERI 1 MEDAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2012/2013
By
Dewi Sartika Sari 408641001
ABSTRACT
This research is quasy experiment research with pre-test and post-test design. This research aims to investigate the influence of cooperative learning STAD model for student learning outcomes on characteristic of living things topics. The research was conducted in class VII SMP Negeri 1 Medan academic years 2012/2013. The population of this research is 261 students of grade VII SMP Negeri 1 Medan and technique of interpretation for this research is cluster random sampling consist of 29 students as an experimental class (Archimedes) and 29 students of control class (Thomas A. Edison). 25 items of multiple choice test were used, and validated before they were applied.
The result shows that pretest in experimental and control class are (72,41±8,96) and (76,83±8,64). t test reveals tcalculated(-2,55) <t table(2,003); ά = 0,05. Prestest has no significant effect in the student’s preliminary knowledge. In the contrary, postest shows different result (experimental class 79,58 ±8,09; control class: 70,344±11,08).ttest reveals thattcalculated(2,35) >
t table (2,00). This findings states that treatments has signnificant effects on the student’s
acheievement in Biology. It is advisible that STAD Model is incorporated in the learning process especially in teaching Biology.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE TIPE STAD TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA TOPIK CIRI-CIRI MAKHLUK HIDUP
KELAS 7 SMP NEGERI 1 MEDAN TAHUN AJARAN 2012/2013
Penelitian ini adalah penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan desain pre-test dan post-test. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari pembelajaran kooperative model STAD terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada topic ciri-ciri makhluk hidup. Penelitian telah dilakukan pada kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Medan tahun ajaran 2012/2013. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah 261 siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Medan dan tehnik pengambilan sample pada penelitian ini adalah cluster random sampling terdiri dari 29 siswa kelas eksperimen (Archimedes) dan 29 siswa kelas control (Thomas A. Edison). Test menggunakan 25 soal pilihan berganda dan validasi telah dilakukan sebelumnya.
Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pre-test pada kelas eksperimen dan kelas control adalah (72,41±8,96) dan (76,83±8,64). t test menyatakan t calculated(-2,55) < t table (2,003); ά = 0,05. Prestest tidak mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap permulaan pengetahuan siswa. Sebaliknya, pos-test menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda (kelas eksperimen 79,58 ±8,09; kelas kontrol: 70,344±11,08). t test menyatakan bahwa t calculated(2,35) > t table (2,00). Penemuan ini
menyatakan bahwa perlakuan tersebut mempunyai efek yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar biologi siswa. Itu menunjukkan bahwa model STAD menjadikan proses belajar khususnya mengajar biologi.
TABLE LIST
Page Table 2.1. Step of Cooperative learning STAD Model 10 Table 2.2. Differences Cooperative learning and Traditional 12
Table 3.1. Research Design 22
FIGURE LIST
Page Figure 2.1. Fish, Insect, Bird, Bacteria, Plant 14
Figure 2.2. Parasitic Plat 15
Figure 2.3. Heterotrophic organism 15
Figure 2.4. Movement 16
Figure 2.5. Growing and development 16 Figure 2.6. Lion Reproductive by giving birth 17
Figure 2.7 Asexual reproduction 17
Figure 2.8 Excretion Organ 18
Figure 4.1 Comparison of Experimental and Control
Class Pre-test 35
Figure 4.2. The effect of STAD and Conventional Class in
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 5.1. Conclusions
Based on analysis result, statistic test, and discussion so can conclude in this below:
1. Result of research show there are the influence of used STAD model. This matter showed with the differences of student learning outcome on experiment class that teach by STAD model get average about 79,58 and control class that teach by conventional learning get the average is about 70,344 by increasing study result is 11,61 %.
2. There are influence learning outcome of biology using STAD model and conventional model on Living Things Characteristic topic shown tcalculte= 2,35 > ttable= 2,00 that is about 13,1 %.
5.2. Suggestions
Having discussed the findings of this research, there are several suggestions to be considered:
1. Biology teachers are encouraged to apply STAD model as one of biology teaching alternative to deal with problem of time limitation and teacher-centered orientation .
2. The result of this research can be a consideration for Biology teacher in order to develop teaching and learning process on Biology subject, in accordance to the improvement of students’ learning outcomes.
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1. Background
Learning is the acquiring or getting of knowledge of a subject or a skill by study, experience or instruction. Learning can also be defined as relatively permanent change in a behavioral tendency and the result of reinforced practice (Brown, 2000), because of it, the learning process can be happened every time and everywhere. And, of course each the learning process led the people to the better change, i.e. increasing the knowledge and the learning outcome.
The criticism about the low quality of education by are addressed to educational institutions, either directly or through the media. The low quality of education can be seen from student’s unsatisfied-learning outcome.
However, the reality in schools shown that the number of students who obtained low learning outcomes, especially for the biology lesson. The low outcomes in biology matter in schools are one of issues that should received more attention. High and low student outcomes can be influenced by several things, such as internal and external factors.
Based on the result of research Syahfitri (2007) said that using cooperative method type of STAD also increase the learning outcomes the students, it can be seen from the average score are 40, 29 become 63,13 for post-test score. It shown the learning outcomes can increase by using STAD model.
Based on researcher there are weakness from her research in SMP Negeri 5 Padang Sidempuan. At teaching and learning process researcher doesn’t used infocuse, because situation of school not support infocuse preparing
According Gul Nazir Khan journal (2011) the researcher doing research about “Effect of STAD on Academic on Achievement of student” said important that learning strategies are beneficial in educating a wide variety of students. For the retention and comprehension of the subject matter taught in the classrooms, teachers must engage students and provide them with the proper social skills needed to succeed beyond the classroom environment.
teaching, learning environment, curriculum, learning experiences, family and community factors (external)
Many factors can cause low learning outcome, it could come from internal or external factors. Internal factors include the student's interests, talents, and intelligence while external factors such as learning method, learning facilities, media that are applied in school or outside the school. Some study investigated the effect of cooperative learning instruction that is students’ team achievement division (STAD) with traditional method (jhonson and Jhonson,1998). The teacher can change their style teaching for make student more active.
Many problem often found in teaching and learning. A part of student doesn’t like science such as physics, biology, mathematics, and chemistry because its difficult lesson. In biology student must understand word to word such as greek language, therminology of biology. So, its make biology very difficult to student (Redish in Ornek, et all, 2008). Habiba (2012) has doing researcher In SMA 1 Stabat get the fact 75% said that Biology is difficult, and less interest, 16% said biology is easy and fun, and 9% said biology is bored, 85% student like if gived easy test. That classic problem often found by biology teacher in school and come from before research get the fact that 59% student get the value below KKM (<80).
One method that can be used student learning outcomes is cooperative learning model of type STAD (Student Team Achievement Division), can increasing the average of learning outcomes, which can develop their social skill such as leadership, ability of communication and trust other. Therefore, the activity of students is needed in cooperative learning. As noted by Abraham (2003) in Riyanto (2008) The structure of cooperative goals happen if students can achieve their goals only by whom and when they work together to achieve that goal but, not all subject matter can teach by that model
Vries (1972), Gonzales (1979), Slavin and Karweit (1981), Ziegler (1981), Slavin (1989)). This study investigated the effectiveness of the use of STAD for changing students’
From the problems above need to be pursued in a way that teachers presented teaching design in teaching and learning activities to attract students' interest in learning so that students can understand the material becomes more apparent. That's why researchers are encouraged to research the title: “THE EFFECT OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING OF STAD ON
STUDENT LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT IN CHARACTERISTIC OF LIVING
THINGS TOPIC GRADE VII SMP NEGERI 1 MEDAN ACADEMIC YEARS 2012/2013”.
1.2 Problem Identification
Based on the description of the background above, The problem can be identified as follows:
1. The low level of learning outcomes on characteristic of living things topic
2. The teacher is usually using the lecturing method in teaching and learning process on characteristic of living things topic.
1.3 Research scope
The research scope of this study are :
1. Research conducted at VII grade Thomas A. Edison and Archimedes class of SMP Negeri 1 Medan
2. The topic is limited on characteristic of living things topic.
1.4 Reasearch Question
Reasearch question in this study are:
1. Is student learning outcome using STAD model higher than using traditional method on characteristic of living things topic in grade VII SMP Negeri 1 Medan academic year 2012/2013?
1.5 Objectives
The objectives of this research are as follow:
1. To see if the student learning outcome tough using STAD is higher than using traditional in characteristic of living things topic at class VII SMP Negeri 1 Medan academic years 2012/2013.
2. To see if there are influence students learning outcome using cooperative learning of STAD is higher than using conventional method on characteristic of living things topic at class VII SMP Negeri 1 Medan academic years 2012/2013.
1.6 Significance of study
The significance of this research are:
1. Teacher, as contribute to the teachers in selecting teaching strategies and methods that appropriate and suitable to achieving learning objectives,
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