Analisa Optimalisasi Kebutuhan Daya Koil Pendingin Sistem Pengkondisian Udara pada Rangkaian Ruang Kelas Lantai 4 Gedung D Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta

(1)

1 B

5

. (+" C 8 ( + 8 ! # 5 ! > *& + ( #; 68 :6,*(-,"#;# , " 1 ; ,* 7 ,+ ( 8 ,3 ,+ " 8 (6 #" : , ;6 1# ;6 1# 61 8 " 8 (6,+ 8 , , 76(61< " , 76 < 1 " 8 1 ,* ,4 /6; 1,+ " + + ,* "#7 ( , (-# :6,"#,*#, " 8 ;67 ;#; 68 :6,*(-,"#;# , " 1 " ; ; 3 ( -1 " 8 86,* ( 1 #,*( :16; ;# ;67 86;#, :6,*(-,"#;# , " 1 4 6 ( 16, # "#:61 ( , ;67 , #;#; " 8 86,9 1# -: #8 #; ;# 76; 1,+ " + + ,* "#7 ( , (-# :6,"#,*#, , ( 86,* ( 1 #,*( :613-18 ,;# ;67 86;#, :6,"#,*#,4 6,6 # # , #,# 761 < , , ( 86,* , #;#; " 8 86,9 1# (67 , " + (-# :6,"#,*#, + ,* -: #8 " 8 ;#; 68 :6,*(-,"#;# , " 1 "# 6" ,* , # . ,#>61;# ; 619 7 , 761" ; 1( , 3 ( -1 3 ( -1 :6,6 # # , 61 6, 4 6 -"6 :6,6 # # , + ,* "#* , ( , " 86,** , ( , " " :1#861 " , ;6( ,"61 + ,* "#- 86 # , #;#;4 68 "# , ;# , #;#; 61;67 "#7 ; , ( "# 1#( ;67 (6;#8: , " , 61" : ; 1 , : " 7 *# , ( #14 " ;# , #;#; 761" ; 1( , 3 ( -1 3 ( -1 :6,6 # # , "#:# # (-,"#;# ,-8-1 " 1# ;6 1 > 1# ;# (-,"#;# ;67 * # (-,"#;# "6,* , (67 , " + (-# :6,"#,*#, : #,* -: #8 ( 16, (67 , 6,61*#,+ : #,* 68 + (,# .4 . !4 ( /A ;#; 68 :6,*(-,"#;# , " 1 5 (-# :6,"#,*#,5 (67 , " + 4 8 (6 #" : , (# ;6 1# 1#5 6, (# 86,*#,*#,( , (6,+ 8 , , " 8 761 ( #># ;4 /6*# : "6,* , (6*# , 76 < 1 86,* < 1 " 8 #,*( ,* , ( 8: ;5 (# 86,*#,*#,( , #,*( ,* , + ,* (-," ;#3 " 8 76 < 14 ; 3 ( -1 (6,+ 8 , , " 8 (6*# , 76 < 1 86,* < 1 " 3 ( -1 :6,*(-,"#;# , " 1 " 8 1 ,* (6 ;4 " 1 + ,* : , ; " 8 1 ,* (6 ; 8687 (# ( 1 ,* ,+ 8 , " 8 76 < 14 6 ( 16, # "#7 ( , :6,*(-,"#;# , " 1 ?, 1 +,1@ , ( 8687 , 86,* 1 :6,*(-,"#;# , " 1 " 8 1 ,* (6 ; * 1 ,+ 8 ,4 /6; 1,+ " + + ,* "#7 ( , (-# :6,"#,*#, " 8 ;67 ;#; 68 :6,*(-,"#;# , " 1 " ; ; 3 ( -1 " 8 86,* ( 1 #,*( :16; ;# ;67 86;#, :6,*(-,"#;# , " 1 4 6 ( 16, # "#:61 ( , ;67 , #;#; " 8 86,9 1# -: #8 #; ;# 76; 1,+ " + + ,* "#7 ( , (-# :6,"#,*#, , ( 86,* ( 1 #,*( :613-18 ,;# ;67 86;#, :6,"#,*#,4 6,6 # # , #,# 761 < , , ( 86,* , #;#; " 8 86,9 1# (67 , " + (-# :6,"#,*#, + ,* -: #8 " 8 ;#; 68 :6,*(-,"#;# , " 1 "# 6" ,* , # . ,#>61;# ; 619 7 , 761" ; 1( , 3 ( -1 3 ( -1 :6,6 # # , 61 6, 4 " : , 3 ( -1 3 ( -1 :6,6 # # , + ,* "#* , ( , " 8 :6,6 # # , #,# " ; " , (6 687 : , + ,* (# #,*#,( ,5 " , < #1 , 8 ;; " 1 " 1 4 7<6( " 8 :6,6 # # , #,# " *6" ,* , # . ,#>61;# ; 619 7 , 0 ( 1 4 6" ,* #,# 61 6 ( "# 0 ( 1 / 1 5 " 61 #,# 61 6 ( "# 0 4 61 + 6 ,5 67-, 061 ( \ 0 ( 1 / 1 ' + ,* 61 6 ( : " &_{#, ,* ;6} _{, " ,} &_{7 < 1 #8 14} 8 ; , 8 ; : " :6,6 # # , #,# #" ( 6: ; " 1# 68 + ,* ; " "# 6, ( , + # 7 * #8 , 9 1 86,6, ( , ;67 (67 , " + (-# :6,"#,*#, + ,* -: #8 " 1# ;#; 68 :6,*(-,"#;# , " 1 617 #( 761" ; 1( , 3 ( -1 3 ( -1 + ,* 761:6,* 1 4 6 # ;,+ 1 ,* #,*( : :618 ; , + ,* " 5 8 ( :6, #; 8687 ;# :6,6 # # , * 1 " : 868:618 " :1-;6; :61 # ,* , ,: 86,* 1 ,*# (6 ( 1 , ;# :6,6 # # ,5 - 6 ( 16, # :6, #; 8687 ;# 8 ; ;67 * # 761#( A 4 % 1# ;# 68:61 1 1 ,* , + ,* "##,*#,( , " &_&5 &_{&5 " ,} &_&4

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

(2)

0 %- 4 .5 -4 5 $671 1# 68:61 1 " , (6 687 7 , " 1 ,+ 8 ,5 ( 1 ( 61#; #( 767 , 618 5 < 8 :6,* ,#5 ;61 (-,"#;# 68:61 1 " , (6 687 7 , " 1 8-;3#1 + ,* 761 " "# 1 1 ,* ,4 " : :61 8 5 761 ,*( " 1# (-,"#;# " 1 ,+ 8 , + ,* "##,*#,( , 61< "# "# " 8 1 ,* , + ,* ( , "#(-,"#;#( , " 1 ,+ (# 6, ( , 76; 1,+ 68:61 1 " 1 "#,*#, + ,* 8 ; ( (6 " 8 1 ,* , + ,* 761 ; " 1# ;# :6,"#,*#, , "# 9-# :6,"#,*#,4 6 6 # 5 "6,* , 86,61 :( , :1#,;#: (6;6 #87 ,* , 6,61*# : " #1 , " 1 + ,* 761;#1( ;# "# " 8 1 ,* , (# 6, ( , 76; 1,+ < #1 , 8 ;; " 1 "#,*#, + ,* "#:61 ( , , ( 86,* ;# 767 , 618 + ,* 76(61< (6 " 8 1 ,* ,4 6 ,< ,+ 5 761 ,*( " 1# " #,*( (6 " , " 1 8-;3#1 + ,* ( , "#; 1( , 8 ; ( (6 " 8 ;#; 68 :6,"#,*#, (# 6, ( , 76; 1,+ < (67 , " 1 ;6* 1 " 1# 1 1 ,* ,4 6 6 # 5 "6,* , 86,61 :( , :1#,;#: (6;6 #87 ,* , 8 ;; #1 , " , (6;6 #87 ,* , 6,61*# : " " 61 :6,9 8: 1 , , 1 #1 , " 1 8-;3#1 " 1# 1 1 ,* , "6,* , #1 , " 1 ,* + ,* " ,* " 1# (6 1 , 1 ,* , + ,* "#(-,"#;#( , 8 ( (# 6 :( , 76; 1,+ < #1 , 8 ;; " 1 ,* 61;67 ? < #1 , 8 ;; " 1 7+ : ;;@4 6 6 # 5 (# 6 :( , < * 76; 1,+ 6, :# #1 , 1631#*61 , 8 ; ( (6 9-# :6,"#,*#,4 " : ( #1 (# " : 86,6, ( , 76; 1,+ ( : ;# ; 86;#, :6,"#,*#, + ,* "#:61 ( ,4 87 1 (68 6"61 , 6,*(-,"#;# , " 1 ,* Y !%'!+( + ( !& + " !%'!+ + + # " # & ( (! % # " # !+ & + & ! # $ ! # ; < 1 :61 ,9 ,* ;#; 68 :6,*(-,"#;# , " 1 86,+ 1 ,( , 7 = : " 8 8,+ 76; 1,+ 76" 68:61 1 , 1 68:61 1 " 1 ,+ 8 , "# " 8 1 ,* , "6,* , 68:61 1 " 1 "#,*#, + ,* (6 1 " 1# 9-- #,* 9-# ? \ @ " : "#:# # "# ;6(# 1 1* -_{& ; 8: # "6,* ,}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

(3)

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

3 !%'!+( + ( *!& + " ( ' & & %!&

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{#, ,* ;6} _{, " ,} &_{7 < 1 #8 14} , , ! # ( + 4 618-86 61 , ( 86,* ( 1 ; " 1# -7<6( :6,6 # # , 4 #*1-86 61 , ( 86,* ( 1 (6 687 : , " 1# -7<6( :6,6 # # , 4 6 61 , * ,* , ( 86,* ( 1 "#86,;# -7<6( :6,6 # # , ?: ,< ,*5 67 15 " , #,**# 1 ,* , -7<6( :6,6 # # ,@ 1 1 !* $+ ! # $ /61#( " 76 ;# :61 # ,* , 767 , ( -1 :6,"#,*#, , - A

(4)

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{&5 7#} "#:# # &_{& 8 ( 5}

_ L &_& &_{& L} &_&

< #1 , " 1 + ,* 8 ; ( (6 " 8 1 ,* , " : "# # ,* "6,* , 9 1 ;67 * # 761#( A [\L HDM ]^ _ _% ]^ ` `% a^\ [\ ` `% [\b cde\ U<f Ug 6,** , ( , 76 :;+9 1-86 1#9 9 1 "#" : ,# # 6, :# ;67 * # 761#( A ` L .' 0C * $ Lchiehjkil cmnmol L ! P! p ! V' N# PPp V' L 5 `%L 0C * q%L 5 [PC * [\bL N# PPp r's

& & &fP! & & &V'tuL 5 *C;

6 ,< ,+ "6,* , 9 1 :61 # ,* , + ,* ; 8 "# " : " :61 # ,* , : " 76 ;67 * # 761#( A 1 , !+ # !* + !# + " ; :6,6 # # , #,#5 ; " 1 "# 1 *6" ,* ,#>61;# ; 619 7 , " &_{& "6,* ,} (6 687 : , ^4 0 8 :6,* ,# ' -1 ,* "# # : 1 ,* (6 ;,+ 4 ; 8;#( , -1 ,* :6,* ,# 1 ,* , (6 ; 8687 ( , . [P_{C< 8} " 1 ;6* 1 ? 5 [PC"6 #( " 1 ;6* 1@4 ( :61 # ,* ,,+ " A vw xyz{z |}z{ G~ •,8 G~ •,8 p G~ s " 1 ;6* 1 1 1 !+ # " # * ( $ ! # ;+ * + < #; ( , : " (-,"#;# 5 " + + ,* "#7 ( , (-# :6,"#,*#, " : "# # ,* "6,* , 1 8 ; 761#( A €• [b `Gb ‚ƒ ƒw]„ `ƒ…„‚b† ƒw]„ 1# :61 # ,* , (67 , " 1 ;6* 1 ? _vw@ 7#; (# 6, ( , ,# # 6, :# " 1 ;6* 1 ?`&@ 86,** , ( , 76 :;+9 1-86 1#9 9 1 ? &_{&5 ` L} _{^@ ;676; 1} _{0C * "6,* ,} >- 86 <6,#; " 1 ?qw@ ;676; 1 5 [PC *4 , :# : " ; 1 , " 9 #,* ;676 8 7619 8: 1 "6,* , ; 1 , " 1 ;6* 1 ? < @ ?`P "# ,** : ; 8 "6,* , 6, :# " 1 ; 86,#,** ( , 1 ,* , ?` `PL` ;; " 1 ; (6 1 " 1# (-# :6,"#,*#, ?[! ; 8 "6,* , 8 ;; " 1 8 ; ( 1 ,* , ?[_b [!L[b ;; " 1 ;676 8 7619 8: 1 " 1 ;6* 1 ? < @ ?[P " : "# # ,* "6,* , 9 1 761#( A [PL[! [& #8 , 5 [&L c‡n ˆn L &p "NG~‰s &p#%PG~_'Š‹L 5 *C; [PL 5 *C; 5 *C; [PL 5 *C; 6 6 "# 68 ( ,[P8 ( `Gb ‚ƒ ƒw]„?`!@ " : "#9 1# "6,* , 9 1 761#( A `! G~U~LGŒUŒ G• L

"pP#%Ž L &p"P#Ž%%& Otu‰ QOt• tu‰ Q

Np%P Otu‰ Q L 5 0C * ( 5 " + + ,* "#7 ( , (-# : " (-,"#;# " A €• [b `Gb ‚ƒ ƒw]„ `ƒ…„‚b† ƒw]„ €• [! `! `% €• 5 ? 5 \ @ Y *C;Z Y 0C *Z €• '5 .'' 0C; L '4 .'5' ! 6 ,< ,+ "6,* , 9 1 :61 # ,* , + ,* ; 8 "# " : " :61 # ,* , : " 76 ;67 * # 761#( A

(5)

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

(6)

0 %- 4 .5 -4 5 $671 1# 4 4 # 5 "= 1" 4 4 , 1 8 4 4 0- , !# + ," -,;4 ,94 4 -69(615 !# 761 $45 0-,6;5 061- " !45 " , :1 8 , 1 4 .4 @ 5 ; 4 0 ( 1 A 4 1 ,** 4 .4 !#1 , - 1#;8 , ," 15 6#F- # -4 4 5 4 &6 ( , (668: 4 0 ( 1 A 4 1 ",+ 1 8# 4 4