DAMPAK SANKSI EKONOMI BILATERAL CHINA TERHADAP EKONOMI SEKTOR INDUSTRI HIBURAN DAN PARIWISATA KOREA

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DAMPAK SANKSI EKONOMI BILATERAL CHINA TERHADAP EKONOMI SEKTOR INDUSTRI HIBURAN DAN PARIWISATA KOREA

SELATAN PASCA ISU THAAD (TERMINAL HIGH ALTITUDE AREA DEFENSE)

Disusun dan diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar Sarjana Sosial (S.Sos) Strata-1

Oleh:

Saskia Dwininda Oktavia 201610360311136

PROGRAM STUDI HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG 2021

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KATA PENGANTAR

Assalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb

Alhamdulillah segala puji bagi Allah SWT yang telah memberi rahmat dan karunia-Nya sehingga penulis telah menyelesaikan skripsi yang berjudul: “Dampak Sanksi Ekonomi Bilateral China Terhadap Ekonomi Sektor Industri Hiburan dan Pariwisata Korea Selatan Pasca Isu THAAD (Terminal High Altitude Area Defense)” sebagai syarat untuk menyelesaikan Program Sarjana (S1) Ilmu Hubungan Internasional.

Penyusunan skripsi ini dapat terlaksana dengan baik dan berjalan dengan lancar berkat bantuan dan dukungan berbagai pihak yang telah memberikan bimbingan, perhatian, dan pengarahan. Maka dalam kesempatan ini penulis menyampaikan terima kasih kepada :

a. Allah SWT yang telah memberikan rahmat dan karunia-Nya sehingga penulis diberikan kemudahan dalam menyelesaikan skripsi,

b. Kedua orang tua tercinta, Alm. Ayah (Bapak Umar) yang telah meninggalkan saya menuju surga ditengah-tengah penyusunan skripsi ini, dan Mama terhebat (Ibu Indiyawati), serta Kakak (Kartika) yang telah memberikan dukungan, doa, serta semangat tanpa henti.

c. Miss Shannaz Mutiara Deniar, MA., dan Bu Syasya Yuania Fadila Mas’udi, M.StratSt. selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah bersedia meluangkan waktu untuk memberikan arahan dan masukan kepada penulis dalam menyelesaikan skripsi

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d. Bapak dan Ibu dosen di Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Politik, Jurusan Hubungan Internasional yang telah memberikan bekal ilmu selama masa perkuliahan

e. Teman-teman saya yaitu Andany, Santi, Ajeng, Ravina, Mahrifha, Toni, Afifah, Latifah, Nabila, Miarti, yang telah menemani, mendukung, menghibur, memberikan saran dan bantuannya

Penulis menyadari bahwa skripsi ini masih jauh dari sempurna karena adanya keterbatasan. Oleh karena itu, kritik dan saran yang membangun akan diterima dengan senang hati untuk perbaikan lebih lanjut. Semoga skripsi ini dapat bermanfaat bagi para pembaca.

Malang, 2021

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xi DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL ... i

LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN ... ii

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ... iii

BERITA ACARA BIMBINGAN SKRIPSI ... iv

PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS ... v

ABSTRAK ... vi

ABSTRACT ... vii

KATA PENGANTAR ... viii

MOTTO ... x

DAFTAR ISI ... xi

DAFTAR TABEL ... xiv

DAFTAR GAMBAR ... xv

BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN ... 1

1.1. Latar Belakang Masalah ... 1

1.2. Rumusan Masalah ... 7

1.3. Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ... 7

1.3.1. Tujuan Penelitian ... 7

1.3.2. Manfaat Penelitian ... 8

1.4. Penelitian Terdahulu ... 8

1.5. Kerangka Teori dan Konsep ... 18

1.5.1. Realisme ... 18

1.5.2. Diplomasi Koersif ... 22

1.5.3. Sanksi Ekonomi Informal ... 24

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1.6.1. Tipe Penelitian ... 26

1.6.2. Tingkat Analisa dan Variabel Penelitian ... 27

1.6.3. Teknik Analisa Data ... 27

1.6.4. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ... 28

1.6.5. Ruang Lingkup Penelitian ... 28

1.7. Hipotesis ... 28

1.8. Sistematika Penulisan ... 30

BAB 2 SANKSI EKONOMI BILATERAL INFORMAL CHINA TERHADAP KOREA SELATAN PASCA THAAD ... 32

2.1. Sanksi Ekonomi pada Industri Hiburan ... 32

2.1.1. Industri Hiburan Korea Selatan di China ... 33

2.1.2. Boikot Industri Hiburan Korea Selatan di China ... 35

2.2. Sanksi Ekonomi pada Pariwisata ... 38

2.2.1. Pariwisata Korea Selatan oleh China ... 39

2.2.2. Pembatasan Pariwisata oleh China ke Korea Selatan ... 42

BAB 3 THAAD dan Penggunaan Sanksi Ekonomi oleh China ... 45

3.1. Penempatan Error! Bookmark not defined. Selatan ... 45

3.2. Penggunaan Sanksi Ekonomi Informal China ... 50

BAB 4 Respon China dan Dampak Sanksi Ekonomi China ... 55

4.1. Respon China ... 55

4.2. Dampak Kerugian pada Industri Hiburan ... 57

4.3. Dampak Kerugian pada Pariwisata ... 65

4.4. Efektivitas Penggunaan Sanksi Ekonomi Informal China pada Korea Selatan ... 74

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5.1. Kesimpulan ... 77 5.2. Saran ... 79 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ... 80

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DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1.1 Tabel penelitian ... 14 Tabel 2.1 Jumlah Pengunjung dari China ke Korea Selatan 2010-2016 ... 39 Tabel 4.1 Jumlah pengunjung China di Korea Selatan Tahun 2016-2019 ... 69

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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1. 1 Peta Geografis China-Korea Selatan (Perry-Castaneda Library Map Collection) ... 5 Gambar 3. 1 Lokasi Penempatan THAAD di Seongju ... 47 Gambar 3.2 Jangkauan Radar THAAD di Korea Selatan Mencapai Wilayah China

... 47 Gambar 4. 1 Wajah PSY disamarkan pada acara “Heroes of The Remix”... 59 Gambar 4. 2 Hasil survei kerugian yang dialami 160 perusahaan konten domestik Korea Selatan (KEIA) ... 60 Gambar 4. 3 Grafik Jumlah Pengunjung dengan Kapal Pesiar Maret-Juni 2017 (Yonhap) ... 68

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DAFTAR PUSTAKA Sumber Internet: Artikel dan Jurnal

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Relationship. Journal of International and Area Studies, 19(2), 97–113. https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-14655356

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Terhadap Hubungan Dagang Korea Selatan-Tiongkok. JOM FISIP, 6(1), 1–15.

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Relationship With Chinese Investments. Forbes. Diakses dalam

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