HOME EQUIPMENT CONTROL USING HOME PHONE SIGNAL
ZURIATIHA BINTI KAMARUZAMAN
HOME EQUIPMENT CONTROL USING HOME PHONE SIGNAL
ZURIATIHA BINTI KAMARUZAMAN
This report is submitted in partial fulfillment of requirement for the award of Bachelor of Electronic Engineering (Industrial Electronic) With Honours
Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering University Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
UNIVERSTI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRONIK DAN KEJURUTERAAN KOMPUTER
BORANG PENGESAHAN STATUS LAPORAN PROJEK SARJANA MUDA II
Tajuk Projek : HOME EQUIPMENT CONTROL USING HOME PHONE SIGNAL
Sesi Pengajian : 2008/2009
Saya ZURIATIHA BINTI KAMARUZAMAN
mengaku membenarkan Laporan Projek Sarjana Muda ini disimpan di Perpustakaan dengan syarat-syarat kegunaan seperti berikut:
1. Laporan adalah hakmilik Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka.
2. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja.
3. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan laporan ini sebagai bahan pertukaran antara institusi pengajian tinggi.
4. Sila tandakan ( √ ) :
SULIT*
(Mengandungi maklumat yang berdarjah keselamatan atau kepentingan Malaysia seperti yang termaktub di dalam AKTA RAHSIA RASMI 1972)
TERHAD* (Mengandungi maklumat terhad yang telah ditentukan oleh
organisasi/badan di mana penyelidikan dijalankan)
TIDAK TERHAD
Disahkan oleh:
__________________________ ___________________________________
(TANDATANGAN PENULIS) (COP DAN TANDATANGAN PENYELIA)
Alamat Tetap:
NO 200, DEPAN RUMAH TERES, KG PERUPOK, 16300 BACHOK, KELANTAN.
“I hereby declare that this report is result of my own effort except for works that have been cited clearly in the references.”
Signature : ……….
Author : Zuriatiha Binti Kamaruzaman
Date : ……….
“I hereby declare that I have read this report and in my opinion this report is sufficient in
terms of scope and quality for the award of Bachelor of Electronic Engineering (Industrial Electronics) with Honours”
Signature : ………..
Supervisor‟s Name : Encik Ahmad Sadhiqin Bin Mohd Isira
Date : ………..
To my beloved father, mother, and to all my siblings and friends.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Thanks to Allah because for completing this “Projek Sarjana Muda” successfully. I also appreciate all advice and support from my supervisor, Encik Ahmad Sadhiqin bin Mohd Isira, those who are very patient in guiding me until I finished. To my parents, thank you very much because both of you always with me through difficulty and good times. Not forget to my psm friends that gave me idea and helped me from the beginning until the end. May Allah always with you. Last but not lease, to the Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering (FKEKK), because giving me chance to study and complete my project as part of the Bachelor program in Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTEM).
ABSRTACT
This project is to control ON and OFF home equipments using home phone signal. The telephone signal will convert the dual tone multi frequency (DTMF) signal to electrical signal. Two circuits are designed in this project. The first circuit used DTMF chip that converts tone signal from home phone line to electrical signal while the second circuit will concentrate on interfacing the low and high voltage using relays. All appliances must connected all the time to the power supply in order to function immediately and automatically when the project circuit operates and receive command to switch ON or OFF. Both of the circuits will have their own power supply to support the operation of this project. When the telephone handset is picked up and then the key pressed, DTMF signal from home phone will be transmitted to the DTMF IC, the digital output will be transferred to the demultilpexer. Then the 5-volt circuit will connected to relay circuit to convert low voltage to high voltage to the appliances. For those who live in double stony houses, it is very important because it can save time to on or off appliances. The home phone can be used to control the appliances by pressing any key needed.
ABSTRAK
Projek ini digunakan untuk mengawal buka dan tutup perkakasan rumah seperti penghawa dingin, lampu depan, dan lampu belakang menggunakan isyarat telefon rumah. Isyarat telefon akan ditukarkan daripada dual tone multi frequency (DTMF) ke isyarat elektrik. 2 litar direka pada projek ini untuk proses sambungan. Litar pertama direka dengan menggunakan DTMF chip dimana ia menukarkan isyarat ton daripada talian telefon rumah ke isyarat elektrik, litar kedua akan bertumpu pada menukarkan voltan rendah kepada voltan tinggi dengan menggunakan geganti. Semua peralatan perlulah disambungkan pada bekalan kuasa sepenuh masa supaya peralatan tersebut dapat berfungsi secara automatik apabila litar menerima dan arahan untuk menbuka atau menutup perkakasan. Kedua – dua litar haruslah memiliki bekalan kuasa masing – masing untuk menyokong operasi projek ini. Objektif utama projek ini adalah untuk mereka satu sitem dimana pengguna boleh mengawal peralatan rumah mereka hanya dengan menggunakan telefon rumah. Apabila ganggang telefon diangkat, dan kekunci nombor ditekan, isyarat DTMF daripada telefon rumah akan dihantar ke IC DTMF, keluaran dalam bentuk digital akan terhasil dan dihantar ke demultiplexer. Kemudian litar 5 Volt akan disambungkan pada litar geganti untuk menukarkan voltan rendah kepada voltan tinggi terhadap perkakasan – perkakasan tersebut. Untuk mereka yang tinggal di rumah dua tingkat, projek ini amat penting kerana akan menjimatkan masa untuk membuka dan menutup peralatan – peralatan rumah. Telefon rumah boleh mengawal buka dan tutup perkakasan tersebut dengan hanya menekan mana – mana butang yang dikehendaki.
CONTENT
CHAPTER CONTENT PAGE
TITLE
REPORT STATUS
CONFESSION iii
PENGESAHAN PENYELIA iv
DEDICATION v
ACKNOWDGEMENT vi
ABSTRACT vii
ABSTRAK viii
CONTENTS ix
LIST OF TABLE xiii
LIST OF FIGURE xiv
LIST OF ABBREVIATION vi
APPENDIX vii
I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction Of Project 1
1.2 Objectives 2
1.3 Problem Statement 2
1.4 Scope 3
1.5 Methodology 4
II LITERATURE RIVIEW
2.1 Introduction of Telephone 7
2.2 Signaling 9
2.2.1 Ringing Signal 10
2.2.2 Dialing 10
2.3 Dual Tone Multi Frequency (DTMF) 11
2.4 KT 3170 12
2.4.1 Pin Configuration 13 2.4.2 Pin Description 13
2.4.3 Application Circuit 16
2.5 74154 4-16 Line Decorder/demultilpexer 16
2.5.1 Truth Table 16
2.6 IC 7474 D-flip-flop 16
2.6.1 Pin configuration 19
2.6.2 Function table 20
2.6.3 Symbol of D flip flop 21
2.7 Inverter (7404) 21
2.7.1 Logic Diagram 22
2.7.2 Function table 22
2.8 IC 7408 23
2.9 Timer 555 23
2.10 DM74LS126A Quad 3-STATE Buffer 24
2.11 MCT2E 25
2.12 Relay 26
2.12.1 Relay Driven Circuit 27
2.12.2 DPDT Switches 28
2.13 Power Supply Unit 29
2.13.1 Power Supply Description 30
III CIRCUIT DESIGN
3.1 Etching Process 32
3.2 Prepare the PCB for use and drill the PC 35
3.3 Solder onto a PCB 36
3.4 Block diagram and function 37
3.4.1 Home phone 38
3.4.2 DTMF circuit 38
3.4.2.1 Telephone interface circuit 40 3.4.2.2 Ring detector circuit 40 3.4.2.3 Signal Decoding Unit 42 3.4.2.4 Device status check unit 43 3.4.2.5 Device switching unit 44 3.4.2.6 Device status feedback unit 45 3.4.2.7 Beep tone generator unit 46
3.4.2.8 Power supply unit 47
3.4.3 Relay circuit 47
3.4.4 Home Appliances 48
3.4.5 Project outcome 49
IV RESULT AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Experiment for DTMF circuit 51
4.2 Result of experiment 52
4.3 Experiment of KT3170 53
4.4 Testing Relay 55
4.5 Normally Closed function 55
4.6 Normally open function 56
4.7 Experiment of relay circuit 57
4.8 Expected result 57
4.9 Actual result of DTMF circuit 59
4.9.1 Telephone Interface 59
4.9.2 Ring Detector 59
4.9.3 Device Status Checking 59
4.9.4 Device Switching Unit 59
4.10 Result of Relay Circuit 59
4.11 Analysis 59
4.11.1 Analysis of the expected result 59 4.11.2 Analysis of the actual result at DTMF circuit 60 4.11.3 Analysis of Relay Circuit 60
V DISCUSSION
5.1 Discussion 62
VI CONCLUSION
6.1 Conclusion 65
6.2 Future recommendation 66
REFERENCE 67
TABLE
NO TITLE PAGE
2.1 Row and column frequencies 12
2.2 Frequency 13
2.3 Pin description 14
2.4 Truth Table of Demultiplexer 18
2.5 Function table 20
2.6 Function table 22
2.7 Function table 23
2.8 Function Table 25
4.1 Result 53
4.2 Digital output 54
4.3 Expected result 58
FIGURE
NO TITLE PAGE
2.1 Simple and very basic telephone system 8
2.2 A Basic Telephone System 9
2.3 Typical Frequency 12
2.4 Pin configuration of KT3170 14
2.5 Application Circuit of KT3170 16
2.6 IC 74154 4-16 line decoder 17
2.7 A single D-flip-flop 19
2.8 Pin configuration 20
2.9 Symbol of D flip-flop 21
2.10 Pin Configuration 21
2.11 Logic Diagram 22
2.12 Ladder diagram 23
2.13 Pin connection 24
2.14 Connection Diagram 23
2.15 Schematic 25
2.16 Relay 26
2.17 Relay circuit 28
2.18 Relay DPDT circuit 29
2.19 Power supply 30
2.20 KA7805 30
2.21 Simple circuit 31
3.1 Circuit on plastic transparent 33
3.2 Circuit printed put onto PCB board 33
3.3 Exposure unit. 34
3.4 PCB after developing 35
3.5 PCB circuit after come out from MEGA 35
3.6 Drilled PCB 36
3.7 Soldered PCB 37
3.8 Block diagram 38
3.9 Home phone 38
3.10 Circuit design of DTMF circuit 39
3.11 Telephone interface circuit 40
3.12 Ring detector circuit 41
3.13 Signal Decoding Unit 42
3.14 Device status check unit 43
3.15 Device switching unit 44
3.16 Device status feedback unit 45
3.17 Beep tone generator unit 46
3.18 Power supply unit 47
3.19 Relay circuit 48
3.20 Home appliances 48
3.21 DTMF circuit 49
3.22 Relay circuit 50
4.1 Circuit experiment 52
4.2 Example result 52
4.3 DTMF IC 53
4.4 Relay 55
4.5 Normally close (NC) Connection 56
4.6 Normally open (NO) Connection 56
4.7 Relay circuit with device. 57
4.8 Connection the home phone to DTMF circuit. 58
ABBREVIATION
Z - High Impedance H - High Logic Level L - Low Logic Level
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
This chapter 1 is contains about the introduction of the project where it involve of the objectives, problem statements, scope, methodology, and report structure.
1.1 Introduction of Project.
Nowadays, everybody has his or her own telephone whether it is a home phone or a mobile phone. The telephone can also be used as an important tool for conversation and transmitting or receiving information. Besides that, it also can be used as a basic switch to control home appliances. Hence, it is proven that the telephone is used in variety application.
This project is to design a circuit to control the “on” and “off” of the home equipments such as aircond, front lamp, back lamp, and etc using home DTMF signal. It is operated by dialing a number that already programmed in the DTMF IC. All devices are coded to differentiate between each other. The circuit design converts the dual tone multi frequency (DTMF) signal to electrical signal.
first circuit is to convert tone signal to electrical signal while the relay at the second circuit will concentration on interfacing the low and high voltage. In order to make the system function and operate the home phone been use with the telephone line type C.
„Beep‟ sound after picking up telephone handset will indicate whether the appliances are
ON or OFF condition.
1.2 Objectives
The main objective for this project is to design a system where the user can control home appliances by using DTMF signal. Home appliances then can be switching ON or OFF after pressing any key need on the telephone keypad.
The second objective is to interpret and receive DTMF signal from home phone to control the home equipments. DTMF IC will be using to achieve the objective.
The third objective is to interface the low voltage to high voltage for home devices using relay circuit. Relay that able to receive voltage input of 5V and distribute maximum voltage output of 230V is a very suitable component to use because all devices are AC (alternative current) types.
1.3 Problem statement
can use as a switch to control on and off appliances only by pick up their home phone and dial number needed. The 18 legs of IC called DTMF IC‟s will be used to generate DTMF tone from telephone keypad. Voltage regulator has to use for step down the 9-volt supply from battery at DTMF circuit and relays circuit. Other important component that used is timer 555, combinational gets, flip-flop D and IC MCT2E. Relays used as the main element for switching the devices.
1.4 Scope
The scopes that are to be concentrating in this project are the DTMF circuit and relay circuit. This project uses DTMF IC inside the DTMF circuit to convert DTMF signal from the telephone line. The DTMF IC is KT 3170, also connects to demultiplexer (DM74154) and flip-flop D (74F74) in order to convert DTMF signal to electrical signal where the voltage is used is 5V. The relays are use as a switching circuit for appliances or devices where it can handle a high voltage of 230V or more where 10Amps need to energize the electromagnetic coil of the relays +5V. It is because of home equipments will use more than 230V while circuit at this project just use +5V and cannot operate to ON or OFF devices. To make it commercially possible, the circuit will be powered by a 5V power supply. This is achieved by using a 9V battery and voltage regulator ( KA 7805 ).
1.5 Methodology
Hardware finalization Yes
No No
Yes Circuit design and
programming
END
Construct circuit and interface with home application device Component order and receive
Identify circuit and specify the operation
Literature Study START
Circuit simulation and experiment
experiment a
Troubleshooting
This project starts by searching for literature reviews from readability source as books and journals. A few circuits found are studied to make sure all the information is reliable for the title given.
Then the suitable circuits were identified. It is DTMF circuit and relay circuit. The first circuit is interfaced to second circuit because DTMF signal are converted to electrical signal.
After having enough information, circuit is design using PROTEL, PROTEUS and MULTISIM softwares.
A simulation for the circuit was done to make sure the circuit used is corrected. If the simulation shows an incorrect outcome, the circuit will be redesigned until the correct circuit is obtained. Labs experiments are also done to verify the overall designed are operation.
Next, all components need are ordered refer to component code that include at data sheet. KT3170 are ordered outside Melaka because the IC is not locates at here. After about 1 week the component was received.
Then hardware circuit will be transferred to PCB board and the etching process will be done. The complete circuit then will be interfaced with the home appliances.
After that, troubleshooting will be done to both circuits until the project function successfully. A model was build to place the project and easy to use.
1.6 Report structure
This report contains 6 chapters that explain detail of the project. The first chapter is the introduction of the project that included the objectives, scope, problem statement and flow chart for project methodology.
The second chapter is the literature review about telephone, DTMF, IC KT3170, demultiplexer, D-flip-flop, inverter, IC 7408, timer555, DM74LS126A, MCT2Erelay and power supply unit. These chapters explain the sources or articles that are related to the project. It is consisting of the product that has been appearing in the market nowadays.
The third chapter is about circuit design that content of process during designing the project.
The fourth chapter is the experiment, result, and the analysis of the project.
Fifth is the discussion where be explain about the any result from this project and discuss about design process, problem statement and some new idea.
Lastly is chapter five where include the conclusion future recommendation which conclude the final project relate to objectives. A few suggestions also given to upgrade the system.
