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Robbiatul Wahidah. 2009. Developing Teaching Material of Reading Skill Based on Curriculum KTSP. Advisors: 1) Dr. M. Afifuddin Dimyati, 2) Dr. Mohamed Shaikhoun Mohamed

Keywords: Developing Teaching Material, Reading Skill, Curriculum KTSP Curriculum KTSP 2008 is different from that of KBK (Competency Based Curriculum) 2004 in some cases. One of them is in term of its material, which is only mentioned in general. Then, it requires further explanation to be a more detailed teaching material. In other words, curriculum KTSP provides an opportunity for teachers to compile a teaching material, which is suitable with the points of curriculum and the students regarding to any available references.

The idea of the research came from the barrier that the teachers has been facing to get a main student’s book whose content is suitable with this curriculum. Meanwhile, most of the books used by the school are written based on curriculum KBK 2004.

The research was aimed to know the effectiveness of the teaching material in term of improving student’s competency of reading skill, especially their ability in reading correctly, reading fluently, finding written information, finding implicit information, finding the idea, making conclusion of text, finding the topic, and their ability in vocabularies.

The research was R&D research. This research was conducted by following several procedures, such as preface study, planning, developing the product, expert test, revision, experiment, and final revision.

The population of the research used was the first grades of MAN Pasuruan. They are 205

students all together and separated into six classes. Furthermore, the researcher took class of X-5 as the sample of research. At the experiment stage, the researcher used one group pre and post test design.

The researcher used questionnaire in collecting data concerning students characteristics, their background knowledge, their need, and teacher and expert assessment toward the related teaching material. Meanwhile, observation was used to get the data concerning the study of Arabic in MAN Pasuruan. And the test was used to measure the student’s competency of reading skill within pre and post-test. Descriptive statistical analysis in percentage was used in analyzing data.

Based on the research, the researcher identified that the score of student’s skill in reading correctness is 64,4% in pre-test and 86,4% in post- test. The score for reading fluency in pre-test is 68,9% and 86,4% in post test. Their score for finding written information is 57,6% in pre-test and 95,5% in post- test. For finding implicit information, their score is 34,3% in pre-test and 89,9% in post-test. For finding the idea, their score is 6,1% in pre-test and 68,2% in post post-test. The score for making conclusion of text is 3% in pre-test and 63,4% in post-test. The score for finding the topic is 9,1% in pre-test and 51,5% in post-test. Their ability in vocabularies is 16, 7% in pre-test and 63,7% in post test.

Herewith, it can be concluded that the teaching material compiled by the researcher based on curriculum KTSP 2008 effectively can improve the student’s skill in reading as well as understanding Arabic texts in every aspect of it.

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Robbiatul Wahidah. 2009. Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Ketrampilan Membaca Sesuai Kurikulum KTSP. Pembimbing: 1) Dr. M. Afifuddin Dimyati, 2) Dr. Mohamed Shaikhoun Mohamed

Kata Kunci: Pengembangan Bahan Ajar, Ketrampilan Membaca, KTSP

Kurikulum KTSP 2008 memiliki beberapa perbedaan dengan kurikulum KBK tahun 2004, salah satunya pada aspek materi pembelajaran. Kurikulum ini hanya menyebutkan materi secara garis besar, sehingga menuntut penjabaran lebih lanjut menjadi bahan ajar yang lebih terperinci. Dengan demikian, KTSP memberi peluang bagi guru untuk menyusun bahan ajar yang sesuai dengan kurikulum dan kondisi siswa dengan merujuk pada berbagai sumber belajar.

Penelitian ini berangkat dari kesulitan guru untuk mendapatkan buku ajar sebagai sumber belajar utama yang memiliki kesesuaian isi dengan kurikulum baru, sebab buku-buku yang beredar dan digunakan di sekolah mayoritas masih ditulis berdasarkan kurikulum KBK tahun 2004.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana efektifitas bahan ajar yang telah dibuat dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca siswa dalam aspek ketepatan bacaan, kelancaran, kemampuan menemukan informasi tersurat dan tersirat, menentukan ide dan tema, menyimpulkan, dan penguasaan kosakata .

Penelitian ini menggunakan model R&D. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengikuti beberapa prosedur mulai dari studi pendahuluan, perencanaan, pengembangan, uji ahli, revisi, uji lapang, revisi akhir.

Adapun populasi dari penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X MAN Pasuruan yang berjumlah 205 siswa yang terbagi dalam 6 kelas. Dari populasi ini kemudian dipilih satu kelas, yaitu kelas X-5 sebagai sampel penelitian. Selanjutnya pada tahap uji lapang, peneliti menggunakan metode satu kelompok pre-test post test.

Angket digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data tentang karakteristik, kemampuan awal, dan kebutuhan siswa, serta penilaian guru dan ahli terhadap bahan ajar yang telah disusun. Observasi digunakan untuk memperoleh data tentang pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di MAN Pasuruan. Tes digunakan untuk mengukur kompetensi siswa sebelum dan sesudah uji coba.Untuk analisis data digunakan metode analiasis statisik deskriptif dalam bentuk persen.

Dari perhitungan yang dilakukan, diketahui bahwa nilai ketepatan bacaan siswa pada pre-test adalah 64,4%, sedangkan pada post-test 86,4%. Nilai kelancaran membaca pada pre-test adalah 68,9% dan pada post-test 86,4%. Kemampuan siswa menentukan informasi tersurat pada pre-test adalah 57,6% dan pada post- test 95,5%. dalam menentukan informasi tersurat, nilai siswa pada pre-test adalah 34,3% dan 89,9% pada post-pre-test. kemampuan siswa menentukan ide pada pre-test adalah 6,1% dan 68,2% pada post test. Adapun kemampuan menyimpulkan isi teks adalah 3% pada pre-test dan 63,4% pada post-test. Sedangkan untuk menentukan ide, nilai siswa adalah 9,1% pada pre-test dan 51,5% pada post-test. nilai siswa pada penguasaan kosakata adalah 16, 7% pada pre-test dan 63,7% pada post test.

Dari sini dapat dikatakan bahwa bahan ajar yang tersebut dapat meningkatkan kemampuan membaca siswa di semua aspek yang telah disebutkan.

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Departemen Agama.2005. Kurikulum 2004: Standar Kompetensi Madrasah Aliyah. Surabaya: Kantor Wilayah Departemen Agama Jawa Timur. p. 144

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Effendy, Ahmad Fuad. 2006. Metodologi Pengajaran Bahasa Arab. Malang: Misykat. p. 130-131 ;: « iE ˆ& i% "XJ A"7 ;: | ;3

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!P€ d+ ˆe@ =& V& D " "L Q@ " Hg +$Hx p*c '& V D

I ` 0#3 :); ,=?

5J " RV id& !$ … "=C B> I$g$ R/ !< O !L& 5$ $.’ @J nH(" w O «$c kP= M+ P 9_ œ ®C '& +

LHŸ 5J .

… "€=j €Ox& L+ $UJ @ !6 nH(" I7J 5$ 5J H(@

P&R Ž" ="(@_ "(( œ n ¡  vP-@ iL+$U@ !< O . ;1 !< O … "=J Z# !< O M+ nH(" ” $UJ ( V@ : 2 W : ,4#t/ 0#‘ ,=?

;1_{Effendy, Ahmad Fuad. op. cit., p. 131}

2 « id*U ˆ :•4

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nH(" '& ” $UJ !"+ B> ~pV d *& < ¸f P Z("@ : ) أ ( … - M+ Z(" ) ب ( "yC - M+ Z(" ) ج ( -\ À*C '& ŽSC † 5f M+ Z(" ) د ( L @J n *’ 5f M+ Z(" ) ( M+ Z(" d+ @J y IVC '& ”e 5f

‘ : k 6› @#&/ ,=?

N B> n($ kP= 9$ /@  5$e& V& n($& ­= V =@ in($& ) -P ( ¥$O @ Z- @ p @ EHx @ L* @ . ) أ ( #-S? @#&/ :); œ? " Z n @j€ !<@"H ®C !$g M+ Ž$ P= M+ nH( 9L*  mJW m mJ ) ب ( !t :); œ? ®€C !$g M+ Ž$ P= M+ Z(" ®C 5$ 5J Z@ + mb$ mˆ~ m…#D mQS m“/ ) ج ( <=>? :); œ? ®C 5$@ !$g " m6W mˆ-#?O m<=x m9 , ) د ( c)j? :); œ? ”$€ P= w VC '+ pH M+ Z(" S"( 5J 'K Z(" '& . 'K # *‰$ n P … ~h ivP o& iw VC V& ² :

i5J ˆ€& i5J €T idUC i5C ivP

=T@ . P= M+ Z("@ ” $UC kP= 9"6( 5J 'K Ž$

®C '& : ž QW Ÿ 73 ƒS" œ Ÿ 3/ J ??* “ Ÿ &>3 J SO * ) ( œ-#? :); œ?

9$€ @J I€7C P Z% o& Z(" P= d@J '&@ dc6@  Ž$, W py$ . c vP-@ €#@ ‘€H  '& !$Sj n&$ Z# nR\ . ) و ( ¡3? :); œ? 7 M+ =o-J Ž$ P= &"6 ®C ¢+ mŸ%W Ÿt 3/ ƒS" c" mŸ“/ m<@ £W c" m% y s1/ =T@ . 9‘ : c6h œ-#?$ C#&?) ,=? i"c P= o& i&  n *‰@ D M+ P “"( Ÿ¤$ u&t/ JW mŸc;t JW =T@ . P€= 5j€ £"€ L( 5J " i'@

B> !< €O !L& + I$p z# i L* @ > ƒ Z(" "+ $O .

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9 / J; * S=

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€ 5 @V &$F &Rf ($Uo " NJ :1•0

€ 9

&$F &Rf &. ( "+f " ) SPIAIN ( 5 @V . " N/@@ / I\ 5"# @ $-" ”\ ­ P# 1 . @ :1•1 N€J i

5 @€V ”V *&J 5U$ &$F &Rf &. (\ 9$ . @ :103 5 @€V &$F 9Rf '( ($Uo " B> kP= N"H i ) MAAIN ( (" 5@‘\ ! Y$ / M+ + . €" kP= I"H ¶ $Uo " 5 @V &$F &Rf ( ) MAN ( :10• . €/ = / (" 5@‘\ ! Y@ Œ/ - )w‰@ " kPu@ :0 9+ :104 Á( :• ƒ(& :104 £ " I+C 9WU@ W W '+

+ < f *‰@ " M+ 5$ # &$F &Rf ($Uo € €

/C M+ &Rf 9$ 2

% € $ ZUÅ C

$-u( &@ &Rf x$ " '& D6 n $ ±R¸ !" & . " @ :14 | :14• " kP= ¿H& Y i . ¿H P= ˆ/@@ ( ”\ "("8 5 @V [U (@ ¬ . z# v P& + nJ"HV DH '(P= A© 5š . " 5š @ ;4 | ;1 kP€= “R€x "€+ 5$( i

L- &$F &Rf ($Uo " 14 Z% . €W#R& 'K ic*@ I@"8 : ?š :

I@"8 :

"+ 5 @V &$F &Rf ($Uo " I$c* @ “Rx !+# ˆ7 €> 4; u7t 4; : I@C c* ; Z% • I$cV ; †o c* :11 Z% • I$cV 2 o c* :41 Z% • I$cV kP= @" $ '& !& = 5> " . L(@ D"& ˆJ .

€ c6& Sš L&@ i 5$cc6& L&

²J@ . € !L7 IU '& D" <‘= '&@ ƒU !L7 $U 5@Sš @ . I@C )€c € 5" £"(@ 5RS"( # !"# @ c# @ "# @ cV . L€"V †€o )c &J@ o )c vP-@ iZpV "# @ £"& .

€& x$ " '& D6& Le " kP= “Rx 5 @V !$$ .

&Rf ($Uo " '& 5$6& 5@Sš @ . ivP€ Œ<*V C # LW&@ i*¼ . €c# ±R€¸ € †o @ I@C )c “Rx (@ ”$HC . ”$HC Dc# ž$V io )c “Rx &J@ . "€@

€ !"#$ Ž$& M+ tL M+ †o @ I@C )c ) KTSP ( !<* £J M+ wO tL M+ o )c kP= "@ i ;3 ) KBK .(

5$" L& "*( 5J 'K !o- w@ " kPu 5-@ “$€F @ . @ Y* @ ¯ YL@ ¡6 @J A$ L& i =T@ . '@ "V dUC " ( 5J 5š ˆx( Le .

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!€& c E œ n " ¤ ¯ pH P= o#H 9$O !< €O !€L& E œ n " @ =($x@ .

kP€= …"€L(@

$e <O> B> n " N€‹ · ”$y$ I$# 5$o#H d@ 5J EH & M+ <

d8& }·@ d8& . [&_ Z @ Z# n " kP= ¯@ u . ›$x  <$y M+ - ¯@ : @J : pH … "=J U¸ : pH tL& o¸ : pH twU : \/& ( V O n " v : W : 0)¥ 4 2: ) W ( ij= C"W B> pH P= …"L( : ) : ( v("( D “ !< O ! «$c I7J )g@ ) ; ( D€ € “ !< O !’ + < > )g@ €&JR WU L@ '& d@ v("( €VOo @ € Ž$€ ) Literacy Education ( 2: “ !< O !& n $xS ”R% iF !<$· " v("( D " 'X "H '& '(Sš @ 5 Y$V VOo @ Ž$ &JR WU L@ Literacy Education i !$\& T ) tU& : itU& &$F &Rf &8 ;

) 2 ( €WU L@ '& v("( D “ !< O !& "+>

VOo @ Ž$ &JR ) Literacy Education ( ) € ( ij= «$c o#H N&"6 ) Text Studies ( € S" M+ 5$e ) Content Analysis ( A"O p *g$ d 5-@ i . )  ( ij= ? ) : ( +$& v("( D “ «$c I7J 5> ) ; ( “ !< O !& n < > 5J o#H n"@

€ Ž$€ &JR O(% &‹ Ex 5J v("( D VOo @

) 2 ( !$$ !< O !& @ "+f n# / ¤ o#H N&"/

“ P= ) 4 ( +

@ i!< O !L& ! n $xS ”R% M+ !_Æ-& " kP= L*U ! M+ _-( .

ƒ€ o#H dV No AP “ @

9"6 “ O tL M+ AŸ @ i($Uo "

U@"Ur &Rf ($Uo £ " . ‘ : œ>/ =; 4 2; 2; k€© <$y A$Uo o )c “Rx !< O !L& !& ($x iZx "H+

!$\& T i9 Q M+ @ ) tU& : f €&8 €&$F &R€ itU& ; (

) W ( ij= C"W B> pH P= …"L( : ) : ( €($Uo " “Rx !< O !L& !& ($x

k© M+ < 9 Q M+ @ ) ; ( Q M+ @ k© M+ \( AP " “ ~U> 9 ) € ( ij= A- v(" ($x §x¼ #H 9"6 . €pH P€= A€J@ š ($x n < > # & Z# : ) : ( $ ($x §x6 D ) ; ( §x6 LV k© M+ H& œ !< O !L $ S @ 9 Q M+ @ ) 2 ( " tL p v@ i! ($x "+f “R€x Ž"€ O ($ !L @ + @ "@ L-$ I$&@ Œ=© @ "€+>@ g  … "=C "( . > c@ HS $& ) 3 ( A"L §x6 -) draft ( )  ( €(* . B@C iD# "O =@ i($x ~U © €. €Uo @ i I^ H  B> ! ¥"O U " ($Uo " ) • ( ($x ~U ‡c@ ‡O ) 0 ( H/ '& ‡OU "/@ “¨ ($x ~U ¥"O

)  ( ij= ? )€c “R€x !< O !L !& ($x M+ #H c# ($Uo " '& o . ) 4 ( + o )c P&R !< O !L !& ($x 9/ pH P= € 9 Q M+ @ k© Z# ($Uo " '& . Ex(@ !<* £J M+ tL '& pH P= ;3 9 ) KBK ( € &Rf ($Uo £ " o )c . 9‘ : W Q# 4 22 ) W ( ij= C"W ) : ( !& W !"€#$ €F "& ˆ @ o )c -Å &Rf w " ) ; ( )€c “R€x < C / H W ! ˆy@ w " ˆ ) € ( ij= € §€x¦ €7@ i ! W o pH P= ¡( AP \ $= 9"6 n < f $=@ iA- v( d 9/ : ) : ( " ! @ … "=J M+ … ) ; ( +  22 !"€#$ F " '& ˆ @ o D*c “- !& W iUJ A

!$\& T i-Å &Rf w " )

tU& : itU€& €&$F &Rf &8

;• (

) 2 ( L-$@ u$&@ Œ=© @ P&R wcS M+ … ) 3 ( … "=C "(" )  ( " ! W ) • ( W ~U © )  ( ij= ? = pH P= .U@ €" '& ˆ @ o )c W ! w " . P&R AJ "+ P@ H&@ !" ! kP= 5$@ . ) 4 ( + €& L*€c ! W@ "+> M+ I@, pH P= gS !L& M+ _-& T w " # P&R . &$ : * 4 ' fg ) W ( ij= C"W B> pH P= …"L( : ) : ( (* L* !< O Hx !L& / V& ) ; ( !< €O ($Uo " H%@ &8 H% !L& D V o-J V&

. > EHx 5J " (* L* SQ3R ) € ( = ij w f c #H 9"6 23 EHx i$$ @ -P @ !< O @ ®C @ ‡ . ) SQ3R ( !< O !L& / !$\& T i (* L* ) tU& : itU& &$F &Rf &8

;0 (

)  ( ij= ? €Hx (* L* !< O . f kP= EHx 5> &8 Hx H V o-J &Rf ($Uo " ) 4 ( + €/ LV Ž"& V . f kP= EHx M+ #H _- "/ D€= AJ @ i($Uo " “R%@ &8 “R% "+ !< O !L& !< O !L& / V o-J . kP= 5$ D# . ivP ! o ƒ@ . > o pH P= 5-. O : j # 4 fa ) W ( j= C"W i ( & EO B> pH P= …"L( : ) : ( "€L €($Uo " '& I@C )c nHx !<*- ($c

IMMIM !< O !L& )U nH ) ; ( "L * V < @ & . > EHx + V&

IMMIM ) 2 ( €r " kP= nHx !<*- n ($x V& < @ €& . V ) € ( ij= w > pH P= 2 < @ & . !< O !L& iQp> ( 5("& V METACOGNITIVE i !$\& T ) tU& : itU& &$F &Rf &8 ;4

)  ( ij= ? ) : ( e*6& !< O !L& nHx !<*- 5> ) ; ( i. €f kP= EHx " O !< O !L& Œ<*- NpHgJ ~ @ +* VC @ w !* ~ 6 'ŒL& gS †  '& e ) 4 ( +

V < @ & . > EHx . M+ _-& pH P= ($Uo " I@C )c <@O Ž$, LV nHx Ž$& "L& IMMIM L+ Nc# œ n $x ” $UJ V&@ )U nH . f kP= EHx nHx . . i5> pH PLV !< O !L ! o ƒ@ i!< O !L& . 4 : v# KW ¦ [+ § fn ) W ( ij= C"W ) : ( n $x  . > 9 "6 !< O !L& V V& N ) PQ4R ( cV X ƒ&  «  t&U¡

" 9 tU& &$F &Rf &8 ;0 | ;4 ) ; ( N n $x  . > EHx ) PQ4R ( !< O !L& cV E

&8 «  t&U¡ ƒ& 

tU& &$F &Rf " 9 ;0 | ;4 2• N n $x  . > 9 "6 i† &Y "XJ ) PQ4R ( i !< O !L& !$\& T ) tU& : U& &$F &Rf &8 it

;4 (

) 2 ( N n $x  . > L œ +* n L V& ) PQ4R ( cV !< O !L& E «  t&U¡ ƒ& 

" 9 tU& &$F &Rf &8 ;0 | ;4 ) € ( ij= pH P= tL&@ . dH7 pH $= ) Quasi Experiment ( )  ( ij= ? !< O “Rx !L& / V . f kP= . =@ EwOF ­ >@ !"+ @ w !* ­ > “Rx !L& "OU@  !$$ VC ›H @  U$e @ $ k. ) 4 ( + !< O !L& . kP= EHx M+ do #H &$F &Rf &8 «  t&U¡ Hx " 9 tU& ;0 | ;4 LV Ž"& V&@ !< O ŒL& . c pH( pH P=@ ¹>@ iw / !& !< O !L& P !<*- . > © pH( . &$ : '/ Ž6&* 4 fe ) W ( ij= C"W 20 M€+ tL€ <$y w " # P&R !L !& c i"

" !"#$ Ž$& ) KTSP ( !$\& T i ) tU& : €&$F &Rf &8

itU& ;4 (

!L !& '& +$^ ~U> M+ ch 5J pH P= '& M(

<$y w " # P&R !"#$ Ž$& M+ tL " ) KTSP ( !L& / V@ “- " @ W w " # P&R M+ { <R&f ) € ( ij= ($x @ pH ”$U '& pH P= ) R&D .( ~$¹ #H 9"6 @ M+ tL M+ " ! ($x " !"#$ Ž$ . ( - ($x n $xS Z@ : ) : ( !<* Ž$& g D ) ; ( C !<* D ) 2 ( n$" D ) 3 ( ! D )  ( !¡S D ) • ( ! . #H 9/ ic "@ . iD#& M+ . kP= @ & B@C U " . Uo @ iH  '& NHo @ E("c #

. )  ( ij= ? !€ €- M€+ c# !L !& c 5> * @ !"8 . ) 4 ( + !L ! = pH Pu U 5$ œ c ! 5> S i w " # P&R <R&f g .

W ` 3$ , b$ / £ @ ƒ&  @ ˆ @ I@C pH 5J "¬ iO ±$pH B> W §€x¦ §OV pH( ¹>@ i!< O !L& !& "+> B> …"L(

0#3 / 6)&? 4/ 4'/ &/ < r P&R L *-@ & . @J O(x + .

& !L $ "+f n@, LV iŽSC ¸Ro ±$pH &J@ .

“Rx ($p "+ $O !& tUJ "/ "F "H+ d 9/ AP pHV &8 . @ € $€ W @, LV iUJ A d N&/ AP pH &J

w " # P&R & L*c . n/ # i¥"O tL M+ "+ "/ Zx "H+ d 9/ AP pH @ w O «$c '(@+ !$g ic* £" n+$y$& dV . P€= 5-@ pH &R€f €($Uo " '& o )c ! "+f @, .

€($Uo £ " &"6 " Z !$$ ! ($x pH P=@ &Rf .

i"€("8 tL M+ "+ "OV i" d 9/ AP pH &J@

"+> M+ _-& d@ w " # P&R wR&f ! . € ` 4@

€pH 5J O n " kP= “pgJ '+ o#H dV N*S & &J P&R !< O !L !"#@ c M+ _- o#H d N&/ AP !"€#$ Ž$€& M+ tL $=@ " tL <$y ($Uo # ) KTSP ( ;4 9 . -\& xOU ­= 5J -P ("8 5J > pH P=@ O n " v ˆ© = “R€x !"+ N/J žJ Œ L&@ Œ<*- / .

i9 c7t

ij= d

W ` ij= € ` ¤?; ij= y6?¨  ` ij= ,4W 4 ` ,= 47 ƒ ` ,= c)z €)W

i9 c7t

ij= d

أ ـ ij= ($x @ pH tL& M+ pH P= "+ ) R&D ( . €pH O(% =@

V ©@ D& ~U M+ I$cp &"6 . 24 n $€x  €pH P= ˆH(@ š ($x n < > # & Z# : 21 : | n€€# €p o#H LV N&/@ i("L € " < >

) Need Analysis ( L€cwcS €V P€&R M€+ 5H ˆ(Y$ i u$&@ Œ# @ . €+ W#R’ vP- 5$@ ² L&= @ LV “Rx ­ 7 Ž"& V . 6@ €o#H 9" !< O !L& @C “Rx !<*- V HS e(J . kP€= €@ €V &"6€ €" Z W#R’ vP- ("L " LcwcS@ ž$e& . ; | tL W#R’ i($x §x¦ ;4 €(* @ €(* €& V !< O !L C . vP-@ $€= €& Ÿf *6 ˆ ”R% tL Z& . 2 | Z# LW@ !< O !L ! "+r ($x Ç i~ ($x !$$ ( 24

Sugiyono. 2008. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R &D. Bandung: Alfabata. p. 297

21_{Direktorat Ketenagaan Direktorat Jendral Pendidikan Tinggi. 2006. Penelitian}

Pengembangan untuk Peningkatan Kualitas Pembelajaran. Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. Pelatihan Metodologi PPKP dan PTK. p. 8

3 | H  B> p ) Expert Judgment ( € !"€#$ o#H N&"/ i I^ H  B> c ("€O 9$O Œ& "+>@

n 7f @ n# / <x+>@ ¥$O @ .

 | H  '& ("O Z# !$$ <xSC ‡pc v 5-@ i‡pc

d 7>@ . • | i€U " .€ !"€# $ €+$¨ O(% .€ kP= nP€¦ ) One-Group Method ( HO HS tL& M+ +$¨ A"H HS @ !"# @ )

One-Group Pretest-Post test

.( . kP= N‹@ !€ EHx £€O €. !"+ " ?j( ¶ ic* S + c c " !"#$ kP= V Ž"& V HS . €e(J L&"/@ "& B> ! '+ Lw q V " kP= . 0 | HS .U@ n ("O Z# SC ‡pc Ç@ i‡pc . ب ـ ¤?; ij= y6?¨

&R€f €($Uo €" '& I@C )c “R% $= pH P= ˆ^ 5 @V &$F . b $# ="+ 5-@ ; H% . "+C kP= O@ € B> cV - *V iI$cV 2 H% . I@C c* = pH P= +@ ) È .( 5C €c* P€= o#H nS €# kP= > =o-J ( }@ *¼ n*S u dV “Rx " . ج ـ ij= ,4W š pH n @J o#H N&"6 :

١ ـ w5/ ) Observation (

€# d&$& @ d ¡  d- A 5Uf L&"6( O(% =

d+ ˆU & @J k"=\U & IRS '& ¡S ˆ¬ .

3 ˆ€8 W#R N&"6 @

5 @V &$F &Rf ($Uo " '+ nUH . ٢ ـ =? ) Questionnaire ( ( xH& EwO#@ nU@ n&$& M+ I$cp &<R& ! J 5H ¡

€VC "+ H/ '& L+ f Zx( ®C '& "+ \ 9"O(@ iD& ˆ/ $ 5H ”$y$’ D . 3: '+ n&$ ˆ8 5H P= 9"6 @ : W : # @ @C LV&@ P&R wcS !€ S u$&@ Œ u H ‘ :

€&$F &R€f ($Uo " £"& '& ("O /\ @ 5 @V 9‘ : € " !"#$ 5$e& '+ I^ H  nO V ! 5$ =P* n 7f @ c + ٣ ـ =?O ) Test ( n o '& +$^ $= ) 9$€ @J $g @J - @J ($*7 ®J ( n"€+J

& -$ *- @J - O(x ƒO .

€& H @J & / @J & x( $=@

«$p* .

3; €© H/ !< O !L& P !<*- £O 9"6& HS @

LV Ž"& d& … i="@ c ! .

P&R Hx& E(% '+ v Ç@

d+ nH(" +@ L+ ¯@& {+ U !< O . 3 « i d*U ˆ :31 3: d&$L*& i pH i5@Sq@ n "H+ 5/@ | d @J | dHJ ) 5+ : iA€* :140 ( « i :;: 3; « i d*U ˆ :0

د ـ ,= 47 = pH P= nUH c& 5> : : | I^ H  ; | " kP= £"& 2 | )c “R% 5 @V &$F &Rf ($Uo " '& I@C

3 | € € !"#$ Ž$& M+ tL '& Ew¸$ ;4 Z€ @ ŽSC Z @ " ـ ,= c)z €)W w€c#f €p 9"6 io#H L+ Nc# œ nUH p@ *g$ )

Descriptive Statistic Analysis

( ($w " . _ – w5/ J ,= c)z W#R ZU $ '& ZU - *g@ W#R nU N# . E ` =? J ,= c)z nU o#H N#@ 5H '& H  @ ($€c *g@ ! $ª q ! kP= $ª Lw . @ ( - pH P= ! ¥$O ¡ 9"6 : I@"8 ; H  @ 5H '& ! ¥$O ¡ c7j? ? t~ 3i | i " " / " Z& / " ‡y @ 2i: | 3i " / Z& / ‡y @ ;i• | 2i I$HO& :i0 | ;i1 /U :i | :i•1 " /U

f ` =?O d? J ,= c)z

($€x ~U> © .U '& o#H L+ Nc# œ nUH N#@

€/ € '& …"u M+ I$cp Œ<*-@ ! kP= V V HS š O(x !< O !L& : &/ ' : s6¨ ' X % _FF €> s6¨

I@"8 ( - pH P= !¡ @ &"6 n*g $ &J 2 : I@"8 2 HS “Rx twU £/ !¡ @ &"6 n*g $  = t~ = ≤ 1 % " " 4 % | 13 % " • % | 01 % I$HO&  % | •3 % /U <  % " /U €= `. • % Q$€€V €€&@ " & Z# .

y$# c7t

L\/&@ L@ nUH ¯+

W ` ? c)z {#; € ` ? +

y$# c7t

?+ ))z ,= {#;

W

`

? c)z {#;

_ `

))z !67? J ,= {#;

'& I@C )c P&R !< O !L !"#@ c '& o#H N‹

" 9 '& †o c* ($Uo " . M€+ “€ P€= 'e(@ &@ £" P* @ “ '+ 5H @ )( ˆ& C !<* @ !<* ˆ @ n * w/@ nH(" '& +$^@ w O «$c @ n 7‘ . D M+ " !"#$ kP= A$h@ . i( $u '+ ±"p( I@C £" @ L '+ ±"p( †o £" @ . š $&C £ - \(@ : W : V Z( &"O& p*g !<* @ !<* &@ ”$y$ @ £" / L £" '& n 7‘ @ C . ‘ : L€ Z€@ i€ $g 7 ¯ œ !"("8 n * !"("8 n * . 9‘ : $€c# œ n * v †’ “Rx dV ÃK 5J 'K AP I@"8 @J £" `7 '& L+ $c W#R& '& @J </"gC ˆ& \/ '&

n * w/ L+ ±$pH '& @J .

&$

: š $&C '& 5$ œ L*U " !"#$ : ) J ( …#C ˆ R\& Z( AP w O  . ) “ ( M€+ Z(" @ n * “ @ <@O L* O nH(" !< O (L8 .

'€+ €f @ Ê * <R&>@ jx  @J ‡pc S @ !" =T@ $c g$@ ®C . kP€= '& - H/ -P@ Z(" P² L+ I$cF œ n 7‘ c* nH(" . ) ~ ( iZ- '+ pH ¯€ # i%H O(x 5$(@ ›H€ ="€ ?j( ¶ £@"  '& !$Sj o&C @J L& gR  @ . ) ( "/ AP Z- M+ EHx Ê * <R&r Z- M+ Z(" “Rx d . O : €c/ I€7J £ - (ž Z œ Vyf nH(" @J $( @J =V @J %O& . V€yf nH(" kP= E@ “Rx d AP ”$y$ . E¸$ B> Vyf nH(" kP= …"Œ@ h '($@ £@" &@ dHo@ “Rx LV . !"& o#H Lg œ " !"#$ NU-@ €L+ Nc# & M+

n * S "+ gS iW#R @ HO HS @ 5H '& o#H =T@ &C <‚J@ 'L ” $UJ@ ( $u ” $UJ@ “Rx <‚J o& . Z@ L+ "($@ u H(" " !"#$ kP= & @C ˆ . Ep WU / 3 .